CN103571736A - Novel microalgae culture system with curtain-wall type stereo members - Google Patents
Novel microalgae culture system with curtain-wall type stereo members Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel microalgae culture system with curtain-wall type stereo members. The novel opened microalgae culture system employs a culture pool frequently used by microalgae outdoor large-scale photoautotrophic cultivation as a main body, and one or more curtain-wall type space stereo members are arranged in the cultivation pool. An algae liquid in the cultivation pool is conveyed to overflow grooves at the top of curtain wall by a fluid conveying apparatus such as a pump, then the algae liquid flows into the pool from the overflow grooves at the top of the curtain walls under the effect of gravity; and when the algae liquid flows along the curtain walls, sunlight irradiated on the curtain walls is fully utilized by the algae liquid, so that the opportunity that algae cells fully accept illumination is improved. The novel runway pool with the curtain walls is capable of effectively improving luminous energy utilization efficiency, the growth speed and the density of the algae cells in the opened culture system, and therefore the performance of the opened culture pool is substantially improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Microalgae biotechnology field, relate to a kind of novel culture systems with curtain wall, can realize micro-algae light autotrophy high-density, high yield and high-level efficiency and cultivate.
Background technology
The multiple high added value materials such as micro-algae rich in proteins, polysaccharide, polyunsaturated fatty acid and carotenoid, micro-algae has the ability that absorbs N/P element and accumulate grease in culturing process simultaneously, therefore, micro-algae has a wide range of applications in all many-sides such as bioenergy, biological solid carbon, environmental protection, food, feed and medicine.Particularly in recent years aspect bioenergy, micro-algae is considered to raw material prepared by the biofuels such as biofuel of tool application prospect.
Bioreactor is the core apparatus that micro-algae light autotrophy is cultivated.Bioreactor the performance good and bad directly micro-algae cultured cells density of impact and productive rate.At present, the bioreactor of cultivating for micro-algae light autotrophy has two kinds of closed and open types.Closed photo bioreactor mainly contains pillar, tubular type and flat three types.Compare open type bioreactor, closed photo bioreactor exists the problems such as the high and scaling-up of investment, operation and maintenance cost is difficult, makes them be difficult at present large-scale application and cultivates in the light autotrophy of the micro-algae of non-high added value.Closed photo bioreactor is mainly used in the algal species cultivation of micro-algae and cultivation or the photoinduction of the micro-algae of high added value (as Haematocoocus Pluvialls) at present.Current, in micro-algae large scale culturing, applying maximum is open type culture systems, is mainly open raceway pond, secondly for open type is justified pond.Compare closed photo bioreactor, the advantage such as that open type pond exists is simple in structure, it is easy, easy to operate to build and running cost is low.Then, mainly there is algae cell density low (conventionally algae cell density lower than 1.0g/L) and the problem such as frustule growth velocity is slow in open type pond, its major cause is that in raceway pond, frustule cannot be accepted illumination fully, and frustule is low to the utilising efficiency of luminous energy.Light is exponential attenuation along light path direction in algae liquid, and meanwhile, algae cell density is higher, and light is decayed more serious in algae liquid.Therefore the region that, can fully accept illumination in pond is only on the top layer of algae liquid.Under low cell density condition, the algae liquid layer (general Cheng Guang district) that can obtain abundant illumination is about several centimetres, at algae cell density, compared with Gao Shi，Guang district, is only generally several millimeters.At present, in open raceway pond, the algae liquid degree of depth is generally 15 ~ 30cm left and right, therefore, in raceway pond, most frustule is in dark space (light intensity lower than frustule grow required minimum light intensity), cannot accept fully illumination, cause frustule cannot carry out effective photosynthesis and Fast Growth.Simultaneously, in raceway pond, algae flow velocity is lower, general algae liquid is in laminar flow regime, motion between frustule Guang district and dark space are bright is (only near algae liquid web wheel mixes comparatively violent) not significantly, make frustule long period at the bottom of pond in dark space, affect growth and the physiological status thereof of cell.As can be seen here, these factors have restricted growth velocity and the algae cell density of frustule in raceway pond.
Open raceway pond is proposed in 1969 by Oswald the earliest, uses till today always, and agent structure does not almost change.The optimization research work of relevant raceway pond also seldom sees bibliographical information.Along with the rise of micro-algae energy research upsurge, the research of relevant raceway pond increases gradually in recent years.
The patent (CN101948740A) of " for the open pond of low head and using method and the purposes of large-scale culturing micro-algae " of the applications such as Cong Wei provides a kind of open pond of low head that micro-algae shallow-layer is evenly cultivated of realizing, trap formula carbon compensator is placed in open pond simultaneously, has improved in open pond frustule to CO
2absorb efficiency, and improved algae cell density.
" a kind of device and cultural method of cultivating for microalgae mass " of the medium application of Liu Tian be open raceway pond is connected with closed flat or column type bioreactor formation coupled system (CN102206570A), can improve significantly the growth velocity of frustule, algae cell density and culture efficiency in open raceway pond.
" a kind of micro algae culturing device and microalgae culture method " (CN 102382755A) of the medium application of Liu Tian be open raceway pond and the nutrient solution basin formation coupled system of mutually connecting, and nutrient solution basin is real provides place for carbon compensator and frustule dark space.Applicant claims this pressure to realize frustule in the mode of the raceway pond of illumination and the dark basin circulation of light, can to improve frustule and in traditional raceway pond culturing process cell light and shade, mix the difficulties such as poor, the efficiency of light energy utilization is low, gas inflated benefit carbon, can obviously improve the culture efficiency of micro-algae.
" a kind of raceway pond bioreactor " (the CN 202246641U) of Zhang Chengwu etc. and " a kind of realize the raceway pond bioreactor that micro-algae large-scale is cultivated " (CN 102304462A) have proposed a kind of built-up type raceway pond bioreactor " algae liquid spraying technique " and " refrigeration technique " etc. have been applied to raceway pond.Applicant claims this built-up type raceway pond to improve the photosynthetic efficiency of frustule, has solved the problems such as nutrient solution cooling, can effectively realize low cost, high-density and the mass-producing of micro-algae and cultivate.
Above-mentioned investigator, to the transformation of open raceway pond and Optimization Work, has solved the shortcoming that raceway pond exists to a certain extent, has improved the performance of raceway pond, has improved growth velocity and the algae cell density of frustule in open raceway pond.
In order to improve to a greater degree raceway pond performance, improve the micro-algae productive rate of frustule to the utilising efficiency of luminous energy, frustule growth velocity and unit surface soil.Therefore, this area still needs a kind of raceway pond that can make frustule make full use of luminous energy, solving frustule in pond is subject to light inadequate, the problems such as frustule Guang district and dark space inversion frequency are slow, improve the photosynthetic efficiency of frustule, improve growth velocity and the density of frustule, increase substantially micro-algae productive rate in unit surface soil.
Summary of the invention
The present invention accepts illumination so that the frustule in cultivation pool can make full use of space, increases the light-receiving area of algae liquid, improve algae liquid be subject to optical throughput and frustule be subject to light probability, improving frustule is design concept in the inversion frequency of illumination and light dark areas.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of novel culture systems with solid space member that makes frustule fully accept illumination, for high-level efficiency, high-density and the mass-producing of micro-algae, cultivate.
Particularly, the invention provides a kind of open type culture systems of cultivating for micro-algae, described culture systems comprises:
Cultivation pool; With
The space multistory member of curtain wall form;
Wherein, described three-dimensional member comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and curtain wall top.
In one embodiment, described culture systems also comprises algae liquid handling equipment and algae liquid transport pipe.
In one embodiment, described curtain wall main body is comprised of Curtain wall frame and curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton.
In one embodiment, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form is shaped as rectangular parallelepiped, right cylinder, semicircular body, spheroid or spheroid.
In one embodiment, described overflow groove has perforate, to allow algae liquid to flow out overflow groove, flow in cultivation pool, and the large I of wherein each perforate independently regulates along curtain wall.
In one embodiment, described curtain wall material is selected from transparent or opaque material and makes.
In one embodiment, described curtain wall material is made by transparent material, in described curtain wall main body, source of artificial light is installed.
In one embodiment, cultivation pool is raceway pond or circle pond.
The invention provides a kind of microalgae culture method, described method comprises:
The algae liquid that makes to cultivate in cultivation pool flows through the space multistory member of the curtain wall form that is placed in cultivation pool, and the curtain wall along this member from this space multistory member flows down, and flows in cultivation pool;
Wherein, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and curtain wall top.
In one embodiment, by Flow-rate adjustment, control the thickness of algae liquid on curtain wall, the algae liquid consistency of thickness that algae liquid thickness and sunlight can be penetrated, the algae liquid flowing down on curtain wall like this can be accepted illumination fully.
In a specific embodiment, by algae liquid handling equipment (as pump) and algae liquid transport pipe, the algae liquid in raceway pond is transported to the overflow groove at the space multistory member top of curtain wall form.
In a specific embodiment, described curtain wall main body is comprised of Curtain wall frame and curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton.
In a specific embodiment, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form be shaped as rectangular parallelepiped, right cylinder, semicircular body, spheroid or spheroid.
In a specific embodiment, described overflow groove has perforate, to allow algae liquid to flow out overflow groove, flow in cultivation pool, and the large I of wherein each perforate independently regulates along curtain wall.
In a specific embodiment, described curtain wall material is selected from transparent or opaque material and makes.
In a specific embodiment, described curtain wall material is made by transparent material, in described curtain wall main body, source of artificial light is installed.
In one embodiment, cultivation pool is raceway pond or circle pond.
The application of the space multistory member that the present invention also provides curtain wall form in micro-algae is cultivated, wherein, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and curtain wall top, for rectangular parallelepiped, right cylinder, semicircular body, spheroid or spheroid, described curtain wall main body is comprised of Curtain wall frame and curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton, described curtain wall material forms the side of described space multistory member, and algae liquid flows on described side.
In one embodiment, described overflow groove has perforate, to allow algae liquid to flow out overflow groove, flow in cultivation pool, and the large I of wherein each perforate independently regulates along curtain wall.
In one embodiment, described curtain wall material is selected from transparent or opaque material and makes.
In one embodiment, described curtain wall material is made by transparent material, in described curtain wall main body, source of artificial light is installed.
The unit volume algae liquid light-receiving area angle of considering while designing from bioreactor arranges curtain wall in cultivation pool, has improved the light-receiving area of algae liquid in pond, and the light-receiving area of unit volume algae liquid is increased considerably.Culture systems with curtain wall of the present invention can improve optical energy utilization efficiency, frustule growth velocity and the algae cell density of frustule in open type cultivation pool effectively, therefore can significantly promote the performance of open type cultivation pool.
In the present invention, described cultivation pool is that current micro-algae light autotrophy is cultivated conventional raceway pond, and the design parameters such as the power setting of the Aspect Ratio of raceway pond, construction material, stirring system (being mainly web wheel) and number are not particularly limited.Raceway pond not only can be placed in outdoor also can being placed in indoor (comprising booth, glass room etc.).Cultivation pool is not only the cellar culture pond of cultivating for the extensive light autotrophy of micro-algae at present, and be also included within the internals that various promotion algae liquid are set in pond and mix up and down (as baffle plate is installed at the bottom of pond or by pond at the bottom of make corrugated etc.) cultivation pool.
In the present invention, curtain wall is a three-dimensional member, and curtain wall can be made by various materials.It can be also opaque making material and can be transparent.Curtain wall the number in pond can 1 also can be a plurality of.The layout of curtain wall in pond can be arranged along the length direction in pond, also can arrange along the width in pond, also can arbitrarily arrange.The three-dimensional member of curtain wall form can be various, can be any shapes such as rectangular parallelepiped (a similar wall body), right cylinder, semicircular body, spheroid, spheroid.
In a specific embodiment, the overflow groove on curtain wall top can be made by the various materials with certain physical strength, and the size of overflow groove, shape and structure are not limit.
In a specific embodiment, the variable size of the overflow weir that overflow groove leaves on curtain wall top, Flow-rate adjustment in conjunction with circulation algae liquid, to regulate curtain wall surface algae liquid thickness, make itself and light penetrate the thickness of algae liquid identical, not only can make light utilization efficiency reach best but also can make the algae liquid required energy consumption that circulates minimum.
In the present invention, algae liquid handling equipment is the device of various types of pumps or other lifting liquid.The transport pipe of algae liquid can be the pipeline of various materials and size.Can mounted valve in pipeline to regulate algae flow quantity.
The present invention's light source used can be not only that sunlight can be also all kinds of source of artificial light.In curtain wall inside, internal light source can be set, also internal light source can be set.While inner light source being set in curtain wall, curtain wall is made by transparent material.
In a specific embodiment, when envrionment temperature is higher, can be at the film of the algae liquid surface coverage layer of transparent flowing down along curtain wall, for a large amount of evaporations of anti-sealing.Meanwhile, can be by the distance between the outer transparent film of adjusting and curtain wall to regulate the thickness of algae liquid thin layer.
In a specific embodiment, cultivation pool is not only the conventional raceway pond of cultivating for the extensive light autotrophy of micro-algae at present, and comprise various types of ponds (as circular pond etc.), and the recycle system of all these class cultivation pools and the coupling of various closed photo bioreactor.
The Novel running track pond with curtain wall form solid space member of the present invention's design, compares with traditional raceway pond, can increase significantly the light-receiving area of algae liquid, makes the light-receiving area of algae liquid be subject to light to turn to solid to be subject to light from simple plane.Simultaneously, frustule circulating in raceway pond and between the three-dimensional component surface of curtain wall, increase algae liquid in the inversion frequency in He Guang district, dark space, improve the photosynthetic efficiency of frustule, promote frustule growth, can improve the frustule productive rate of land area of one unit, required land area while reducing the extensive light autotrophy cultivation of micro-algae
At the bottom of the patent (CN101948740A) of " for the open pond of low head and using method and the purposes of large-scale culturing micro-algae " of the applications such as above-mentioned Cong Wei is designed to have the pond of certain continuous tilt degree by raceway pond bottom surface, algae liquid is when raceway pond internal recycle flows, the liquid level of algae liquid changes, the light light path that is subject to that is algae liquid changes, and frustule can obtain more illumination while flowing through at the bottom of shallow pond.This design only considers from changing the light path angle of frustule, cannot improve the light-receiving area of algae liquid and increase the optical throughput that is subject to of algae liquid, and to take the liquid amount of sacrificing raceway pond be cost, and the algae liquid degree of depth is only 1 ~ 10cm, can only carry out the shallow-layer of micro-algae and cultivate.
" a kind of device and cultural method of cultivating for microalgae mass " of the medium proposition of above-mentioned Liu Tian (CN102206570A) connected open raceway pond and formed coupled system with closed photo bioreactor, only by opening wide, pond carried out complementation with advantage separately closed photo bioreactor, although increased to a certain extent the light-receiving area of algae liquid, its increasing degree limited (being only the area of closed reactor); Meanwhile, algae liquid circulating between raceway pond and closed reactor need to increase the equipment such as pump, and the algae liquid required energy consumption that circulates is higher; In addition, closed photo bioreactor investment, operation and maintenance cost are high, and the low cost, high-level efficiency and the mass-producing that are difficult to carry out micro-algae are cultivated." a kind of micro algae culturing device and microalgae culture method " (CN 102382755A) of the medium proposition of Liu Tian mainly, from the benefit carbon angle of algae liquid, solves the problem that algae liquid is mended carbon difficulty.
" algae liquid spraying technique " of in " a kind of raceway pond bioreactor " (the CN 202246641U) of above-mentioned Zhang Chengwu etc. and " a kind of raceway pond bioreactor of realizing micro-algae large-scale cultivation " (CN 102304462A), adopting is delivered to the algae liquid in raceway pond in shower by pump or air lift type system; then by shower, spread to space, to improve the transfer efficiency of light in algae liquid.Yet described " algae liquid spraying technique " be an imagination just, there is no concrete enforcement.Although in fact this invention has also increased algae liquid light-receiving area, there is following difference with the present invention: 1) this invention is directly spread down algae liquid by shower or flows down with waterfall form, does not rely on solid space member; Algae liquid is extremely short in the residence time in space like this, and algae liquid flows down with drop or vertical waterfall form, and the expanded area of algae liquid is limited; Meanwhile, the algae liquid spraying with shower at space clustering together, is not to launch with plane form, makes only in the algae liquid of periphery, can accept illumination, in the algae liquid of middle section, cannot accept illumination.2) this invention has at any time all adopted transparent plastic film that the algae liquid flowing down from shower is kept apart, and to prevent the splash of algae liquid and to reduce the impact of wind on spray, but transparent plastic film can affect algae liquid, fully accepts illumination, is unfavorable for micro algae growth.3) when overcast and rainy, during without sunlight, while using artificial lighting as need, cannot in curtain wall, add source of artificial light, the algae liquid that spray flows down can not obtain the illumination in space, cannot embody this invention in the advantage of overcast and rainy application.
The present invention and above-mentioned each invention have significant difference, specific as follows:
1) the three-dimensional member of employing curtain wall form can be realized and shaping to flowing out from overflow groove the algae liquid flowing downward along curtain wall both sides, algae liquid is flowed along the outside surface of member, algae liquid is with the formal expansion of plane or curved surface, can realize algae liquid and farthest launch, the algae liquid thin layer of expansion can be accepted illumination fully.
2) at the thickness of the algae liquid thin layer of curtain wall surface flow, can rationally control according to the optical attenuation curve of outdoor intensity of illumination and frustule.According to the optical attenuation curve of frustule, can determine algae liquid layer thickness (algae liquid layer is complete light district, does not have dark space) best under different light intensity condition.By the frequency of regulated valve, variable-frequency control pump and the overflow pore size of overflow groove both sides, control, under different light intensity conditions, control different algae liquid thickness of thin layer, make the frustule in thin layer all can obtain illumination, and there is not light dark areas, can avoid like this energy consumption waste of carrying algae liquid to cause because of pump more.
3), due to factors such as three-dimensional external surface of structural member resistances, the residence time in the time of can improving algae liquid and flow downward from curtain wall two sides, increase the light application time of frustule.
4) generally, on curtain wall, algae liquid thin layer is outer without covertures such as transparent films, and algae liquid flows at curtain face of wall, and algae liquid can be accepted illumination fully.
5) more preferably, curtain wall is placed on the central partition wall of runway, can avoid because being placed on space, the pond waste causing in the runner of pond and the drawback of blocking pond light-receiving area.
6) in addition, curtain wall material of the present invention can be transparent material, in curtain wall the inside, built-in light source can be installed.Especially at sunlights such as rainy weathers almost under condition useless, still can utilize source of artificial light to supply light to algae liquid and realize frustule to the making full use of of artificial light quilt, not only can make frustule carry out normal growth, and avoid light pollution.This point is extremely important for the cultivation of the micro-algae algae of energy kind.Generally, the large scale culturing of the micro-algae of the energy needs a large amount of algae kinds, because semicontinuous training mode when the micro-algae of the energy generally can not adopt the extensive micro-algae in current open air to cultivate while cultivating, the micro-algae of the energy can accumulate a large amount of greases in late stage of culture, cannot be more again when fresh algae kind is used.Therefore, the cultivation of the micro-algae algae of energy kind is very crucial, need to ensure algae kind normal growth, otherwise can produce very adverse influence to the large scale culturing of the micro-algae of the energy.Therefore, fine day no matter, or overcast and rainy without under sunlight conditions, all need to ensure the normal light autophyting growth of the micro-algae algae of energy kind, the present invention can arrange source of artificial light in curtain wall, can so that the micro-algae of the energy at wet weather without under sunlight conditions, still can normal growth, ensured the regular supply of the micro-algae algae of energy kind.
Described in summary, the present invention compares with other raceway pond related application, from the frustule of strengthening in raceway pond, make full use of spatial light photograph emphatically, fully increase the light-receiving area of algae liquid, improve algae liquid be subject to optical throughput and frustule be subject to light probability, improve frustule in the inversion frequency of illumination and light dark areas simultaneously.The invention solves algae liquid in runway pond and be subject to the inadequate inferior position of light, improved the light-use degree of frustule, thereby can significantly improve algae cell density and frustule growth velocity, improve the productivity per unit of frustule, land use area while reducing micro-algae large scale culturing, can realize high-density, high-level efficiency and the large scale culturing of micro-algae; In addition, the present invention has also solved overcast and rainy or raceway pond artificial lighting at night problem effectively, not only make at wet weather and without sunlight conditions frustule, still can utilize artificial light to carry out normal growth night, make artificial light by algae liquid, fully be absorbed and not waste simultaneously, avoided the impact of impact of light pollution on environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows a kind of Novel running track pond schematic diagram of prismatoid form curtain wall.
Fig. 2 shows the overflow groove schematic diagram of prismatoid form curtain wall and two side hole.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of Novel running track pond schematic diagram with right cylinder form and hemisphere form curtain wall.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of pictorial diagram of the Novel running track pond with prismatoid curtain wall.
Fig. 5 shows the chlorella photoinduction effect comparison with prismatoid curtain wall Novel running track pond and traditional raceway pond.
Embodiment
The present invention has designed a kind of for cultivating the open type culture systems of micro-algae, with the cultivation pool of the three-dimensional member of curtain wall form space.Described novel open type culture systems be take traditional cultivation pool as basis, and the space multistory member of one or more curtain wall forms is set therein.By conveying equipment for fluid substances such as pumps, the algae liquid in cultivation pool is delivered to the overflow groove on curtain wall top, then algae liquid flows in pond downwards along curtain wall both sides from the overflow groove on curtain wall top by action of gravity.When algae liquid flows downward along curtain wall, algae liquid can make full use of the sunlight being irradiated on curtain wall both sides, makes frustule can accept fully illumination.The unit volume light-receiving area angle of considering while designing from bioreactor arranges curtain wall in cultivation pool, has improved the light-receiving area of algae liquid in pond, and the light-receiving area of unit volume frustule is increased considerably.Should optical energy utilization efficiency, frustule growth velocity and the algae cell density of frustule in open raceway pond can be effectively improved with the Novel running track pond of curtain wall, the performance of cultivation pool can be significantly promoted.Be applicable to cultivation pool of the present invention and comprise the conventional raceway pond of cultivating for the extensive light autotrophy of micro-algae at present, and various types of pond (as circular pond etc.).The present invention also comprises the recycle system of these cultivation pools and the coupling of various closed photo bioreactor.
The present invention is not particularly limited design parameters such as the power setting of the size of cultivation pool (such as Aspect Ratio, girth etc.), construction material, stirring system (being mainly web wheel) and numbers.Cultivation pool not only can be placed in outdoor also can being placed in indoor (comprising booth, glass room etc.).
The micro-algae that is applicable to microalgae culture system of the present invention and method includes but not limited to various micro-algae that this area is used, include but not limited to: the Chlorella pyrenoidesa in Chlorophyta Chlorella (Chlorella pyrenoidosa), Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorella vulgaris), chlorella ellipsoidea (Chlorella ellipsoidea), Chlorella emersonii, Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlorella saccharophila, Chlorella regularis, Chlorella minutissima, Chlorella protothecoides, Chlorella zofingiensis, and the Brachiomonas submarina in Chlorophyta, Chlamydobonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas acidophila, Haematococcus pluvialis, Haematococcus lacustris, Scenedesmus obliquus, Spongiococcum exetriccium, Tetraselmis suecica, Tetraselmis chuii, Tetraselmis tetrathele, Tetraselmis verrucosa, Micractinium pusillum, the Cylindrotheca fusiformis of Bacillariophyta, Nitzschia laevis, Nitzschia alba, Nitzschia fonticola, Navicula incerta, Navicula pelliculosa, the Anabaena variabilis of Cyanophyta, the Poterioochromonas malhamensis of Chrysophyta, the Amphidinium carterae of Pyrrophyta, Crypthecodinium cohnii, the Euglena gricilis of Euglenophyta, Galdieria sulphuraria with rhodophyta.
Culture systems of the present invention can be used for carrying out the light autotrophy cultivation of micro-algae, also can carry out the photoinduction of micro-algae and cultivate.Micro-algae light autotrophy is cultivated, and generally the frustule in exponential phase of growth is inoculated in culture systems, adds the micro-algae light autotrophy substratum containing inorganic salt in algae liquid.General employing natural lighting, when in wet weather or cloudy weather, can adopt source of artificial light.General 3 ~ 10 days of micro-algae light autotrophy incubation time, when frustule is gathered in the crops during the stage of stable development in growth.When micro-algae photoinduction is cultivated, the high density algae liquid of generally heterotrophism in fermentor tank being cultivated accesses in culture systems after dilution, adds the photoinduction substratum containing inorganic salt in nutrient solution.General adopt artificial lighting, cultivate after 1-2 days, protein and the chlorophyll content of frustule reaches quality standards after (generally protein content >=50%, chlorophyll content >=20mg/g) and can gather.
Below never Tongfang mask body illustrates implementation method of the present invention.
1) cultivation pool agent structure
Cultivation pool with the three-dimensional member of curtain wall form space be take traditional cultivation pool as agent structure.Form and the scantlings of the structure of cultivation pool are not all limit.The construction material of cultivation pool can be various ways, as cement, plastics etc.Cultivation pool not only can be placed in outdoor also can being placed in indoor (comprising booth, glass room etc.).Cultivation pool not only can be the cellar culture pond of cultivating for the extensive light autotrophy of micro-algae at present, and be also included within the internals that various promotion algae liquid are set in pond and mix up and down (as baffle plate is installed at the bottom of pond or by pond at the bottom of make corrugated etc.) cultivation pool.Cultivation pool of the present invention also can be coupled with various closed photo bioreactors.
2) composition and the structure of the space multistory member of curtain wall form
The space multistory member of curtain wall form (in this article, also can referred to as curtain wall) is placed in cultivation pool conventionally.
Space multistory member comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and two side hole.Curtain wall main body is comprised of Curtain wall frame (framework) and curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton.Curtain wall frame can be that metallic substance is made, and can be also the materials such as timber and plastics.In a preferred embodiment, select the metallic substance of lightweight to make framework.Curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton can be opaque material, can be also transparent material.For example, can be the materials such as opaque plastic film, metallic membrane, or transparent glass, synthetic glass and plastic film.In a preferred embodiment, select transparent plastics film.
The overflow groove on curtain wall top can be conventional overflow groove, can be also the overflow groove that side has perforate.Overflow groove can be made by the various materials with certain physical strength, and the size of overflow groove, shape and structure are not limit, and the shape of overflow groove and structure are determined according to curtain wall form conventionally.If curtain wall is rectangular parallelepiped form, overflow groove is rectangular parallelepiped; If curtain wall is right cylinder form, overflow groove is right cylinder.The quantity of overflow groove lateral opening hole is not limit yet, can be according to the perforate of the selection proper amies such as the height of the length of overflow groove, curtain wall.
Conventionally, the perforate of overflow groove should be corresponding with the position of curtain wall, to allow algae liquid to flow down along this curtain wall, flows in cultivation pool.For example, if curtain wall is rectangular parallelepiped or prismatoid form, in the longitudinal direction, the perforate on overflow groove also arranges in the longitudinal direction in curtain wall arrangement.If curtain wall is right cylinder, circle or hemisphere form, corresponding overflow groove perforate can be circle, and algae liquid can flow down along whole right cylinder, circle or hemisphere like this, flows in cultivation pool.In certain embodiments, need to all not be provided with perforate in the every one side corresponding to curtain wall position.For example, can, according to light conditions, in one side backlight, perforate be set.
In one embodiment, the size of the perforate of overflow groove is adjustable, thereby by perforate size, regulates flow velocity and the thickness of algae liquid on curtain wall.
In one embodiment, the large I of two side hole of overflow groove regulates respectively, thus, thickness and the flow velocity of algae liquid on the curtain wall of coplanar not can be controlled according to different time illumination condition, so that frustule can obtain enough illumination fully in the algae liquid on each face curtain wall.
Curtain wall is various informative, includes but not limited to rectangular parallelepiped, prismatoid, right cylinder, circle, hemisphere etc.More preferably, the form of curtain wall is selected prismatoid, with cultivation pool plane non-vertical, and inclination at an angle.Those skilled in the art can determine the angle of inclination according to practical situation.
Raceway pond light source used can be not only that sunlight can be also all kinds of source of artificial light.More preferably, at the inner source of artificial light (including but not limited to luminescent lamp and LED lamp etc.) of installing of curtain wall, make under the overcast and rainy and cloudy weather waiting without solar irradiation strongly, frustule still can be accepted sufficient artificial lighting and carries out photosynthesis and grow.The quantity of source of artificial light is not limit, and can set according to the length of curtain wall and height.For example, in the longitudinal direction, can every tens of centimetres, a source of artificial light be set according to the length of curtain wall; In short transverse, also can a source of artificial light be set every tens of centimetres; So arrange, should make frustule strongly still can accept sufficient artificial lighting under the weather of solar irradiation in the nothing such as overcast and rainy and cloudy and carry out photosynthesis and grow.
In addition,, when envrionment temperature is higher, can cover the film of layer of transparent on the algae liquid surface flowing down along curtain wall, for a large amount of evaporations of anti-sealing.Meanwhile, can be by the distance between the outer transparent film of adjusting and curtain wall to regulate the thickness of algae liquid thin layer.
Can be according to one or several curtain wall in a cultivation pool according to practical situation.For example, several rectangles or trapezoidal curtain wall can be installed.Or, difform several curtain wall also can be installed.For example, can comprise the arbitrary combination in rectangular parallelepiped, prismatoid, right cylinder, circle, hemisphere.
Conventionally, curtain wall comprises side.The algae liquid flowing down from this side can flow into cultivation pool.Curtain wall is detachable.Curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton is also detachable, so that clean.
3) algae liquid is carried and the utility appliance such as pipeline
Algae liquid circulates and need to rely on pump or other lifting liquid mode (air lift type system) algae liquid handling equipment between pond and curtain wall.If employing pump, the type of pump can be multiple, includes but not limited to impeller pump and reciprocation pump.Pump can be speed control by frequency variation, can be also without frequency-adjustable speed-adjustable.More preferably, select variable-frequency control pump, can regulate like this algae liquid recycle stream amount.The conveying of algae liquid, except the propulsion sources such as pump, also needs pipeline.Pipeline can be that multiple material is made, and includes but not limited to plastics tubing, metal tube and Glass tubing etc.More preferably, pipeline is lucite pipe, makes algae liquid in course of conveying, still can carry out photosynthesis and grows.At one, preferably in embodiment, mounted valve on pipeline, to regulate the feed flow of algae liquid.
By Flow-rate adjustment, can control the thickness of algae liquid on curtain wall, the algae liquid consistency of thickness that algae liquid thickness and sunlight can be penetrated.The thickness of algae liquid thin layer obtains according to the optical attenuation curve calculation of frustule.Algae liquid thickness of thin layer is relevant with the concentration of outdoor intensity of illumination and frustule.Algae liquid thickness of thin layer generally can be controlled between 0 ~ 10cm.The algae liquid flowing down on curtain wall like this can be accepted illumination fully, in the time of can avoiding flowing downward because of too much algae liquid, produces in thicker algae liquid layer and has dark space, makes part frustule cannot receive fully illumination, the energy consumption of waste pump.So not only can make light utilization efficiency reach best but also can make the algae liquid required energy consumption that circulates minimum.
In addition, can also regulate the angle of inclination on curtain wall and ground, projection or notch cuttype member are set on curtain wall shows, to extend the residence time of algae liquid on curtain wall, make algae liquid obtain more illumination.
In order to make those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described in detail
Fig. 1 shows a kind of Novel running track pond schematic diagram of prismatoid form curtain wall.1 is the curtain wall with source of artificial light; 2 for not being with the common curtain wall of source of artificial light; 3 is algae liquid transferpump (can be placed on outside Nei Huo pond, pond); 4 for controlling the valve of algae flow quantity; 5 is algae liquid transfer lime (more preferably selecting lucite pipe); 6 is the overflow groove of algae liquid.Algae liquid in raceway pond is delivered in the overflow groove of curtain wall top by pump and pipeline.Algae liquid flows out from overflow groove, along curtain wall both sides, flows downward equably, forms algae liquid thin layer, accepts fully sunlight or artificial light and irradiates.Then algae liquid flow in pond, is pumped again to transfer lime, so circulation.Frustule in pond, through circulating many times, can obtain sufficient illumination like this, improves photosynthetic efficiency and the growth velocity of frustule.On curtain wall, the thickness of algae liquid thin layer can be controlled by the pump of regulated valve or speed control by frequency variation or the size of overflow groove two side hole, under different light intensity conditions, control different algae liquid thickness of thin layer, frustule in the thin layer that makes to flow downward along curtain wall both sides reaches illumination completely, and can there is not light dark areas, can avoid like this energy consumption waste.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of prismatoid form curtain wall and overflow groove.The integral body of trapezoidal curtain wall is supported by metal frame.Curtain wall material---transparent plastic film covers on metal frame.Curtain wall material can be also other materials such as synthetic glass, glass, and the combination of curtain wall material and metal frame can cover or be fixed on Curtain wall frame.At curtain coping, be the rectangular parallelepiped overflow groove of two side hole, the shape of overflow groove and structure are determined according to curtain wall form.If curtain wall is rectangular parallelepiped form, overflow groove is rectangular parallelepiped; If curtain wall is right cylinder form, overflow groove is right cylinder.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of Novel running track pond schematic diagram with right cylinder form and hemisphere form curtain wall.1 is right cylinder form curtain wall; 2 hemisphere form curtain walls; 3 is algae liquid transferpump; 4 for controlling the valve of algae flow quantity; 5 is algae liquid transfer lime (more preferably selecting transparent pipeline); 6 is the overflow groove of algae liquid.Algae liquid in raceway pond is delivered in the overflow groove of right cylinder form curtain wall and hemisphere curtain wall top by pump and pipeline.Algae liquid flows out from overflow groove, along curtain wall, flows downward equably, forms algae liquid thin layer, accepts fully the irradiation of sunlight or artificial light.Then algae liquid flows in pond, is pumped again to transfer lime, so circulation.Curtain wall form can also be multiple, as spheroid, and cone etc.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of Novel running track pond pictorial diagram with rectangular parallelepiped curtain wall.In novel raceway pond, cultivating chlorella.
In order to describe the advantage place of the raceway pond with the three-dimensional member of curtain wall form of the present invention in detail, with an example, be specifically described below:
The present embodiment has the advantage in curtain wall Novel running track pond with the photoinduction process explanation of chlorella.The photoinduction of chlorella refers to the chlorella cells (protein approximately 30% that heterotrophism is cultivated, the about 10mg/g of chlorophyll) under illumination condition to improve protein and the pigment equal size in frustule, make frustule quality reach the quality standard (generalized case is protein >=50%, chlorophyll >=20mg/g) of chlorella.Affecting the comparatively crucial factor of frustule photoinduction efficiency is illumination condition.The illumination that frustule is accepted is stronger, and the illumination that frustule is subject to is more abundant, and frustule internal protein and chlorophyll content ascensional range are faster, and final content is higher.
Two medium-sized raceway ponds (the long 10m in pond, wide 2m), transparent curtain wall (see figure 4) is installed in a pond, and curtain wall is not installed in contrast in another pond.The liquid level in two ponds is 20cm, and liquid amount is 3m
3, pond is all with 1 web wheel, 22 revs/min of mixing speed simultaneously.Temperature and illumination are not all controlled, and are Natural light intensity and natural temperature.The initial density in two ponds is 1.1g/L left and right, after 1 daytime of photoinduction (0-12h), in tradition raceway pond (without curtain wall), the chlorophyll of frustule rises to 21.39mg/g from initial 14.3mg/g, and the protein content of frustule rises to 46.94% from initial 32.45%; And from 14.3mg/g, rise to 30.16mg/g with the chlorophyll content of frustule in the raceway pond of curtain wall, protein content rises to 51.89%(from initial 32.45% and sees Fig. 5).As can be seen here, the climbing speed that far surpasses frustule chlorophyll and protein in traditional raceway pond with the chlorophyll of frustule in curtain wall raceway pond and the climbing speed of protein content.As can be seen here, with curtain wall raceway pond, owing to having increased the light-receiving area of unit algae liquid, the optical throughput that is subject to of frustule increases, and frustule can be accepted illumination fully, and making needs the synthetic materials such as pigment of illumination significantly to increase in frustule.This example absolutely proves that the Novel running track pond that the present invention has a three-dimensional member of curtain wall form has obvious unique advantage than traditional raceway pond.
Claims (10)
1. an open type culture systems of cultivating for micro-algae, is characterized in that, described culture systems comprises:
Cultivation pool; With
The space multistory member of curtain wall form;
Wherein, described three-dimensional member comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and curtain wall top.
2. culture systems as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described culture systems also comprises algae liquid handling equipment and algae liquid transport pipe.
3. culture systems as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described curtain wall main body is comprised of Curtain wall frame and curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton.
4. the culture systems as described in any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form be shaped as rectangular parallelepiped, right cylinder, semicircular body, spheroid or spheroid.
5. the culture systems as described in any one in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, described overflow groove has perforate, to allow algae liquid to flow out overflow groove, flow in cultivation pool, and the large I of wherein each perforate independently regulates along curtain wall.
6. culture systems as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described curtain wall material is selected from transparent or opaque material and makes.
7. culture systems as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, cultivation pool is raceway pond or circle pond.
8. a microalgae culture method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The algae liquid that makes to cultivate in cultivation pool flows through the space multistory member of the curtain wall form that is placed in cultivation pool, and the curtain wall along this member from this space multistory member flows down, and flows in cultivation pool;
Wherein, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and curtain wall top.
9. microalgae culture method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, by Flow-rate adjustment, control the thickness of algae liquid on curtain wall, the algae liquid consistency of thickness that algae liquid thickness and sunlight can be penetrated, the algae liquid flowing down on curtain wall like this can be accepted illumination fully.
10. the application of the space multistory member of curtain wall form in micro-algae is cultivated, wherein, the space multistory member of described curtain wall form comprises the overflow groove of curtain wall main body and curtain wall top, for rectangular parallelepiped, right cylinder, semicircular body, spheroid or spheroid, described curtain wall main body is comprised of Curtain wall frame and curtain wall material fixing or that cover on skeleton, described curtain wall material forms the side of described space multistory member, and algae liquid flows on described side.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9738869B2 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2017-08-22 | Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec | Method and system for the culture of microalgae |
| CN107709537A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-02-16 | 纳尔逊曼德拉大学 | The production method and equipment of microalgae |
-
2012
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9738869B2 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2017-08-22 | Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec | Method and system for the culture of microalgae |
| CN107709537A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-02-16 | 纳尔逊曼德拉大学 | The production method and equipment of microalgae |
| CN107709537B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2022-03-25 | 纳尔逊曼德拉大学 | Method and apparatus for producing microalgae |
| US11795421B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2023-10-24 | Nelson Mandela University | Microalgae production process and equipment |
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