CN103563927A - Plant insecticide containing avermectin B2a and B1a - Google Patents

Abstract

About 1500t of avermectin B1 and about 1300t of avermectin B2a are produced in China every year at the present stage, and the B2a has not been developed into products. The invention discloses a feasible method for developing the B2a into products. The method is characterized in that a composition containing the B2a and the B1a has a better plant pest controlling effect than individual use of the B1a. The B2a can partially substitute the B1a, so the consumption of the B1a can be reduced; and the commercialization of the B2a is realized, so the B1 production cost can be substantially reduced, thereby the considerable economic benefits can be obtained by production enterprises.

Description

Containing Avermectin B 2aand B 1avegetable insecticide

Technical field

The present invention relates to containing Avermectin B _2aand B _1avegetable insecticide, belong to pesticide production technology field.

Background technology

With Streptomyces avermitilis (streptomyces avermitilis) fermenting and producing Avermectin B ₁time produce the Avermectin B of about equivalent simultaneously _2a(hereinafter referred to as B _2a).Avermectin B ₁component is (containing B _1aand B _1b) and commercialization of chemical improvement product (ivermectin, Eprinomectin and emamection benaoate) more than 30 years, be mainly used in animal expelling parasite and crop pests control.B _2aso far be not developed to commodity application, and preparation B _2aindustrial method and the research work of application aspect also seldom have report.The annual B that produces approximately 1500 tons of China's present stage ₁(B _1a/ x _1b), produce B simultaneously _2aapproximately 1300 tons of left and right.A large amount of B like this _2aremain in and produce B ₁time remaining crystalline mother solution in, owing to there is no the Research foundation of industrialization refinement method and application aspect, so B _2aillegally abused or abandoned it, having been caused great waste, also to environmental protection treatment, increased more expense simultaneously.

We,, through research and development in a few years, have set up applicable suitability for industrialized production B _1aand B _2athe method of mixture, the method is from mycelium, to extract B simultaneously _1aand B _2a, obtain containing B _1aand B _2amixture; Or from producing B ₁time remaining crystalline mother solution in separation and Extraction B wherein _2awith a small amount of B _1a, B in the crystalline mixture that front kind of method obtains _1awith B _2apercentage by weight respectively account for approximately 50%, both are greater than 90% at sum, B in the mixture that rear kind of method obtains _2aweight percent content is greater than 70%, B _1acontent≤25%, both are greater than 85% at sum, and surplus is B _2b, B _1b, A _2a, ash content and weightless thing.In actual production as will be produced B ₁b in remaining mother liquor _1awith B _2asplit completely, production cost is than preparation B _1a/ B _2amixture is much higher.

Utilize above-mentioned containing B _1aand B _2amixture is prepared into preparation (liquid or solid pharmaceutical preparation), and indoor biometrics and field trial all show, B _1aand B _2abe used in combination, for plant insect control, can significantly improve insecticidal effect.Indoor biometrics shows: with only containing B ₁insecticide kill two spotted spider mite, while reaching 90% lethality (about 72 hours), B _1aminimum working concentration be 18～25mg/L; In insecticide, contain B simultaneously _2a(B _2acontent be B _1a1.8～3.5 times), while reaching 90% above lethality, B _1aworking concentration only need 10～15mg/L.Clear and definite demonstrating all anti-eliminating aphis, in the field control effectiveness test of the insect such as cabbage caterpillar, diamond-back moth, cotton bollworm, root-knot nematode, beet armyworm, rice leaf roll snout moth's larva, blister mite, pear sucker, pine wood nematode, cucumber nematode: B in preparation _2acontent be B _1a1.8～3.5 times time, B _1ausage amount than using separately B _1atime reduce 30～75%.

Therefore, inquire into scientific utilization B _2a, turn waste into wealth, think that effective method is by B _1awith B _2abe used in combination, be prepared into containing B _1aand B _2aagricultural insecticide, for preventing and treating plant insect, can reduce B like this _1aconsumption, produce considerable economic worth, the ecological value and social benefit.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is a kind of insecticide of killing plant insect, and the notable feature of this insecticide is to contain B _2aand B _1a; B in insecticide _1aweight percent content be 1～5.5%, B _2aweight percent content is 2～18.5%, and surplus is emulsifier and dispersion medium.

Described emulsifier is anion surfactant and non-ionic surface active agent conventional in agricultural chemicals.For the present invention, so long as researcher in the industry, when preparation insecticide of the present invention, the selection that completes emulsifier is not difficult, the knowledge of relevant this respect can be found in discussing surfactant books and periodicals, so the claims in the present invention do not have concrete limited range to the selection of emulsifier.But it should be noted that when although any one emulsifier combines with arbitrary proportion and all emulsion can occur, obtain best emulsifying effectiveness, to the kind screening of emulsifier and consumption control or vital.Therefore for the present invention: the consumption of emulsifier in preparation is suitable 5～35%; Anion surfactant and nonionic surfactant combinations should be made good use of; Hydrophilic surfactant active's consumption generally than the consumption of lipophilic surfactant many 1～5 times suitable, concrete formula forms description in an embodiment.

Insecticide of the present invention dispersion medium used can be monohydric alcohol (as methyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, n-hexyl alcohol), propane diols, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, toluene, dimethylbenzene, 4-methyl-2 pentanone, butanone of water, a 1-6 carbon etc., and also can use vegetable oil (as corn oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed wet goods) or mineral oil (as machine oil or diesel oil etc.) is dispersion medium.In preparation during preparation of the present invention, take separately water as medium prepare containing B _1a/ B _2ainsecticide be aqueous suspension or suspension emulsion; The insecticide that vegetable oil or mineral oil is prepared into as medium of take is oil suspending agent or suspension emulsion, with above-described organic solvent during as medium, the insecticide being prepared into mostly is soluble liquid preparation or cream or missible oil, water can be prepared emulsion when using together with above-mentioned organic solvent, microemulsion, the outstanding agent of breast, cream, when preparing cream, add appropriate vegetable oil or mineral oil, there is certain synergistic effect.

Raw survey tested and the demonstration of pilot scale amplification test: B in insecticide _2acontent is B _1asuitable during 1.8～3.5 times of content.Advantage at this proportion is that production of raw medicine cost is low, and drug effect is remarkable, can more reduce B _1aconsumption.For the preparation of containing B _1a/ B _2athe bulk drug of insecticide is that a kind of appearance white is to yellow mixture, B in this mixture _1acontent≤25%, B _2acontent>=70%, both are greater than 85% at content sum, and surplus is B _2b, B _1b, A _2a, ash and loss on drying thing.Can prepare this mixture by several different methods.As used methanol/water selective extraction method; Or from extracting B _1ain rear remaining mother liquor, adopt the method for crystallization or the method for column chromatography to obtain containing B _1aand B _2amixture.By the method for methanol/water selective extraction/crystallization with extract B by the method for crystallization from mother liquor _1a/ B _2abe applicable to suitability for industrialized production and production cost is relatively low; With this mixture, be easy to prepare B _2acontent is greater than B _1athe insecticide of 1.8～3.5 times, and show through field trial, at this B _1awith B _2aratio range insecticidal effect is good, at B _1ainsecticidal spectrum in, B _1ait is 50% more even that usage amount can reduce.Therefore, it is considered herein that B _2aand B _1abe used in combination and can effectively utilize B _2a, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production and application.

Embodiment

Example 1, containing B _1a2%/B _2a6.5% insecticide with containing B _1athe field efficacy experimental result of 2% insecticide is summed up

Containing B _1a2%/B _2a6.5% insecticide forms (weight ratio): B _1a2%, B _2a6.5%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 2%, op-103.5%, op-211.5%, polyoxyethylene (40) castor oil (hereinafter to be referred as EL-40) 14～20%, polyoxyethylene (20) castor oil 5～12%, methyl alcohol 10%, toluene 20%, surplus are n-hexyl alcohol or propane diols.

Containing B _1a2% insecticide forms (weight ratio): B _1a2%, surplus is emulsifier and dispersion medium, and their composition and content are with above-mentioned B _1a2%/B _2a6.5% insecticide.

Crop, controlling object and consumption (gram/acre, or Drug level: mg/kg water)

Example 2, utilize polyethenoxy alkylphenols class to do emulsifier preparation containing B _2a2%, B _1a1% insecticide

Form (weight ratio): 2%B _2a, 1%B _1a, 13%OP-10,4.5%OP-21,2% isopropyl alcohol, 8% methyl alcohol, 16% toluene, n-hexyl alcohol is added to 100%.

Preparation method: get containing B _2a70%, B _1a2.9 kilograms of 22% crystallization product, get containing B _1a0.4 kilogram of 90% crystallization product, in the preparing tank of 200 liters, add methyl alcohol and toluene.After stirring and dissolving, add 13 kilograms of OP-10,4.5 kilograms of OP-21, add afterwards isopropyl alcohol and n-hexyl alcohol to 100%.

Example 3, containing polyol surfactant and B _2a/ B _1ainsecticide

Percentage by weight forms: 15%B _2a, 4.5%B _1a, 10%Span-80,22% Tween-80,10% methyl alcohol, 15% toluene, sec-butyl acetate adds to 100%.

Example 4, containing Emulsifier EL-60 class emulsifier and B _2a6%, B _1a2% insecticide

Percentage by weight forms: 6%B _2a, 2%B _1a, 18%EL-40,6%EL-20,10% ethanol, sec-butyl acetate adds to 100%.

Example 5, the preparation of use brejs emulsifier are containing B _2a6.5%, B _1a1.8% insecticide

Percentage by weight forms: B _2a6.5%, B _1a1.8%, Brij (Bri)-307.5%, Brij (Bri)-3519%, ethanol 15%, toluene 30%, sec-butyl acetate to 100%.

Preparation method: get in proportion B _2a/ B _1amixture (containing B _2a70%, B _1a22%) and B _2a(purity is 90%) dissolves with ethanol and toluene and a small amount of sec-butyl acetate, then adds sec-butyl acetate solution containing Brij-30 and Brij (Bri)-35 to final volume.

Example 6, use farm chemical emulgent 0203B preparation are containing B _1a/ B _2ainsecticide

Preparation method: by measuring B _2a/ B _1acrystallization product, after dissolving with methyl alcohol, to add toluene and 0203B, 0203B addition be total amount 18～29%, then adds propane diols to final volume.

Example 7, containing the 2%B of pluronic F-68 and Tween-80 _1a/ 6.5%B _2ainsecticide

Preparation method: by measuring B _1a/ B _2acompound, dissolves with a small amount of dimethyl formamide, adds afterwards butyl acetate containing F-68 and Tween-80 to final volume, and F-68 consumption is 6～8%, and Tween-80 consumption is 18%, and dimethyl formamide consumption is 12%.

Claims (5)

1. a Plants insecticide, is characterized in that effective ingredient is Avermectin B _1awith Avermectin B _2a.

2. by insecticide claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the component that described insecticide contains following weight percentage: Avermectin B _1a1～5.5%, Avermectin B _2a2～18.5%, surplus is emulsifier and dispersion medium.

3. by insecticide claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the component that described insecticide contains following weight percentage: Avermectin B _1a1.5～2.5%, Avermectin B _2a5～7.5%.

4. by insecticide claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the component that described insecticide contains following weight percentage: Avermectin B _1a1.8～2.2%, Avermectin B _2a6～6.8%.

5. by insecticide claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the component that described insecticide contains following weight percentage: Avermectin B _1a2.0%, Avermectin B _2a6.8%.