CN103562063B - 船舶 - Google Patents

船舶 Download PDF

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CN103562063B
CN103562063B CN201180071422.2A CN201180071422A CN103562063B CN 103562063 B CN103562063 B CN 103562063B CN 201180071422 A CN201180071422 A CN 201180071422A CN 103562063 B CN103562063 B CN 103562063B
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subsystem
boats
ships
power
machine
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CN103562063A (zh
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植木修次
梶田哲郎
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Mitsui Yi ace Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60L8/006—Converting flow of air into electric energy, e.g. by using wind turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/32—Waterborne vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2209/00—Energy supply or activating means
    • B63B2209/18—Energy supply or activating means solar energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2209/00—Energy supply or activating means
    • B63B2209/20—Energy supply or activating means wind energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H2021/003—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the power plant using fuel cells for energy supply or accumulation, e.g. for buffering photovoltaic energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B63H2021/171—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor making use of photovoltaic energy conversion, e.g. using solar panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J3/00—Driving of auxiliaries
    • B63J3/04—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant
    • B63J2003/046—Driving of auxiliaries from power plant other than propulsion power plant using wind or water driven turbines or impellers for power generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/42—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ships or vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
    • Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种不但在靠岸时而且在航行时也抑制基于船舶整体所需要的化石燃料等的能量总量、实现节能化的船舶。船舶(1)具有将供电线网(3)及信号线网(4)分成组而构建的多个子系统(10)，子系统(10)由与驾驶台的机器相对应的驾驶台系子系统(10a)、与机械室的推进机器相对应的推进系子系统(10b)、与设置于甲板的机器相对应的甲板系子系统(10c)、与进行压载的机器及设置于船舱的机器相对应的压载货物系子系统(10d)以及与通信机器相对应的信息处理系子系统(10e)中的至少2个构成，子系统(10)分别具有蓄电池(5)及智能仪表(6)，而且，分别连结至微电网监视控制系统(2)，微电网监视控制系统(2)检测多个子系统(10)的消耗电力量，并在子系统之间控制电力的交接。

Description

船舶
技术领域
本发明涉及节能化并抑制燃料消耗量的船舶。
背景技术
一直以来，散装货船或油轮等船舶，具有用于得到推进力的大型柴油机(主机)和作为进行船内电源等的发电的发电机的中型柴油机(辅机)。近年来，这些船舶，由于化石燃料的高涨和废气限制等问题，要求节能化及燃料消耗量的抑制。例如，公开了这样的方法：在船舶靠岸于码头而进行装卸作业时，将在港湾进行装卸作业的起重机等的再生能量作为船舶的船内电力而供给(例如，参照专利文献1)。通过该构成，船舶能够抑制靠岸时的发电机等的燃料消耗量。
另外，还公开了这样的方法：船舶从陆地电输送供给设备经由设置于船舶上的陆地电接受供给设备而将电调入作为船内电力(例如，参照专利文献2)。在这种情况下，船舶能够由该设备供应靠岸时的全部的电力。
然而，上述的船舶具有在航行时需要与现有技术同样的能量(化石燃料等)这一问题。即，船舶的海上的废气的排出量和化石燃料的消耗量等未被改善。
现有技术文献
专利文献1：日本特开2010-115009号公报；
专利文献2：日本特开2009-67302号公报。
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明是鉴于上述的问题而做出的，其目的在于，提供一种不但在靠岸时而且在航行时也抑制基于船舶整体所需要的化石燃料的能量总量、实现节能化的船舶。
用于解决课题的方案
用于达成上述的目的的本发明所涉及的船舶的特征在于，在船舶中，所述船舶具有将供电线网及用于信息传递的信号线网分成多个组而构建的多个子系统，所述多个子系统由与驾驶台的机器相对应的驾驶台系子系统、与机械室的推进机器相对应的推进系子系统、与设置于甲板的机器相对应的甲板系子系统、与进行压载的机器及设置于船舱的机器相对应的压载货物系子系统以及与通信机器相对应的信息处理系子系统中的至少2个构成，所述多个子系统分别具有蓄电池及智能仪表，而且，分别连结至微电网监视控制系统，所述微电网监视控制系统具有检测多个所述子系统的消耗电力量且在所述子系统之间控制电力的交接的构成。
通过该构成，从而能够填补各子系统之间的电力的供求差距而使消耗电力量平均化。因此，能够作为船舶整体而抑制消耗电力量并实现节能化。
在上述的船舶中，其特征在于，在所述微电网监视控制系统，连接有发电装置。通过该构成，从而能够实现发电装置的多样化及分散型电源。因此，能够分散例如事故等引起的电源丧失的风险。
在上述的船舶中，其特征在于，所述发电装置是太阳光发电装置、风力发电装置、燃料电池、柴油发电机、动力涡轮发电机、涡轮式发电机或轴发电机中的至少1个。通过该构成，从而能够进一步抑制电源丧失的风险。这是因为，能够将由发电装置发电的电蓄电于设置在各子系统的蓄电池中。
在上述的船舶中，其特征在于，具有这样的构成：在所述船舶靠岸于码头的情况下，所述微电网监视控制系统从设置于所述码头的陆地电输送供给设备经由设置于船舶上的陆地电接受供给设备而接受电力的供给，送电至所述蓄电池。通过该构成，从而在船舶靠岸于码头时，能够对各子系统的蓄电池进行充电，能够抑制船舶的化石燃料等的使用量。
在上述的船舶中，其特征在于，所述推进系子系统或所述甲板系子系统具有使机器动作的电动液压致动器和将电力供给至所述电动液压致动器的电线。通过该构成，从而不需要现有的液压机器、液压配管及液压配管工程。另外，电动液压致动器不必像液压泵那样始终可动。而且，该电动液压致动器，在可动时，电动机转动，在不可动时，电动机停止，因而与现有的液压机器相比，能够抑制消耗能量。
在上述的船舶中，其特征在于，所述船舶是具有由所述发电装置、所述蓄电池及电动机构成的主机的电推进船。通过该构成，从而能够进行不使用化石燃料的船舶的航行。这是因为，能够自由地组合并采用各种发电装置。
发明效果
依据本发明所涉及的船舶，能够提供一种不但在靠岸时而且在航行时也抑制基于船舶整体所消耗的化石燃料等的能量总量而实现节能化的船舶。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明所涉及的实施方式的船舶的概念的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，同时，对本发明所涉及的实施方式的船舶进行说明。在图1中，示出本发明所涉及的实施方式的船舶1的概念。船舶1具有微电网监视控制系统(以下，称为控制系统)2、与驾驶台的机器8相对应的驾驶台系子系统10a、与用于机械室的推进等的机器8相对应的推进系子系统10b、与设置于甲板的机器8相对应的甲板系子系统10c、与进行压载的机器8及设置于船舱的机器8相对应的压载货物系子系统10d以及与用于通信的机器8相对应的信息处理系子系统10e(以下，总称为子系统10)的这5个子系统10。
该子系统10分别具有供电线网3及信号线网4。在该供电线网3及信号线网4，分别连接有蓄电池5、智能仪表6及各种机器8。该蓄电池5连接至各子系统10，构成为将电力供给至对应的子系统10内的机器8。另外，智能仪表6由具有数据通信功能的电力量计构成。因此，智能仪表6能够实时地计测由各个子系统10使用的电力量并发送至控制系统2。
在此，也可以将多个蓄电池5连接至控制系统2。另外，也可以构成为，在船舶1靠岸时，控制系统2从设置于码头的陆地电输送供给设备11经由设置于船舶上的陆地电接受供给设备12而接受电供给。此外，13表示连接电源电缆的连接器。
接着，对各子系统进行说明。首先，驾驶台系子系统10a，在供电线网3及信号线网4，除了蓄电池5及智能仪表6以外，作为机器8，连接有例如驾驶舱控制台、压载货物控制台、甲板机器控制台及各种传感器等。即，一直以来，以配置于船桥的装置为中心而构建船桥系子系统10a。
推进系子系统10b，在供电线网3及信号线网4，作为机器8而连接有电推进系统、辅助推进系统及驾驶系统等。即，一直以来，以配置于机械室的装置为中心而构建推进系子系统10b。此外，代替电推进系统，在搭载与现有技术同样的柴油机的主机的船舶的情况下，将柴油机的控制装置等作为机器8而连接。
同样地，甲板系子系统10c，在供电线网3及信号线网4，作为机器8而连接有甲板起重机、绞盘及绞车等。另外，压载货物系子系统10d，在供电线网3及信号线网4，作为机器8而连接有舱口盖的开闭装置、压载泵及压载水处理系统等。而且，信息处理系子系统10e，在供电线网3及信号线网4，作为机器8而连接有通信用天线装置、空调、电灯、个人电脑及居住区的电源等。
此外，船舶1具有连接至控制系统2的发电装置7。该发电装置7，期望与子系统10同样地连接有蓄电池5及智能仪表6。在此，发电装置7能够由例如太阳光发电用的太阳能电池面板(太阳光发电装置)、风力发电用的风车(风力发电装置)、燃料电池、柴油发电机、废气排热回收型发电机(动力涡轮发电机、涡轮式发电机等)或轴发电机等的至少1个构成。
接着，对船舶1中的电力供给的控制进行说明。首先，微电网监视控制系统2以这样的方式控制：从各子系统10的智能仪表6收集并蓄积连接至各子系统10的蓄电池5的余量及机器8的电使用量的信息，基于该信息而在多个子系统10之间通用电力。该控制系统2的控制能够构建为，通过例如程序而对多个子系统10分别进行加权，决定优先地供给电力的子系统10。在此，还能够将程序构建为，在例如船舶1的航行中或停泊中等，根据船舶1的状况而变更应该优先电力供给的子系统10。另外，还能够构成为，利用物理的电路，由反相器等检测各子系统10之间的电压差并平均化。
另一方面，控制系统2还能够进行这样的控制：从发电装置7的智能仪表6实时地收集并蓄积蓄电池5的余量及发电量的信息，基于该信息而将电力从发电装置7或该蓄电池5供给至各子系统10。另外，控制系统2还能够进行这样的控制：在船舶1靠岸时，基于上述的信息而从设置于码头的陆地电输送供给设备11经由设置于船舶上的陆地电接受供给设备12而将电力供给至各子系统10。
能够通过上述的构成而得到以下的作用效果。第1，能够通过设置微电网监视控制系统2的构成而填补各子系统10之间的电力的供求差距而使消耗电力量平均化。因此，能够作为船舶1整体而抑制消耗电力量。
第2，能够通过将船舶1所使用的机器8区分为多个子系统10的构成而将在市区开始适用的智能电网的控制方法及控制程序容易地适用于船舶1。因此，能够有效率地进行控制系统2的改善。此外，将通过船舶1而得到的电力供给的控制方法等的见解适用于市区的智能电网也变得容易。
第3，能够通过该船舶1的构成而实现发电装置7的多样化及分散型电源。即，船舶1通过控制系统2的设置，从而能够容易地追加连接与船舶1的供电线网3不同的种类的发电装置7，能够从各个发电装置7有效率地接受电力的供给。因此，能够分散例如事故等引起的电源丧失的风险。
本发明的船舶1，除了上述之外，还能够附加以下的构成。第1，推进系子系统10b及甲板系子系统10c，能够构成为，不具有液压机器而具有用于使机器8动作的电动液压致动器。能够通过不使用该液压机器的构成而抑制船舶1的消耗电力量。这是因为，未使用始终运转而持续消耗电力的液压泵等。另外，通过不使用液压机器的构成，从而不需要液压配管及液压配管工程。
此外，该电动液压致动器，能够代替在现有的液压系统中必须的控制阀(方向控制阀、流量控制阀、压力控制阀、伺服阀)而将具备控制功能的液压泵和伺服电动机设置于致动器并直接驱动致动器。能够通过该伺服电动机的正反旋转的控制而控制电动液压致动器的汽缸的前进及后退，与现有的液压系统相比而能够以高精度进行节能控制。
第2，能够作为将用于得到船舶1的推进力的主机从大型柴油机变更为电动机的电推进船。通过该构成，从而能够进行进一步抑制化石燃料的使用的船舶1的航行。这是因为，能够自由地组合并采用各种发电装置。
第3，能够在船舶1设置用于接受风而得到推进力的帆，而且，在该帆的表面，作为发电装置7而设置多个太阳能电池模块。能够通过该构成而实现船舶1的节能化。在此，太阳能电池模块，能够作为发电装置7而连接有蓄电池5及智能仪表6，而且，连接至微电网监视系统2。
同样地，也可以在上甲板及居住区的外壁等设置太阳能电池模块。该构成使得船舶1中的发电量提高，因而能够使搭载于船舶1的燃料罐小容量化。即，能够增加能够搭载的装货的量。
第4，船舶1能够构成为，在靠岸时从集装箱码头等的供电设备供电至多个蓄电池5。能够通过该构成而抑制船舶1的化石燃料的消耗量。
符号说明
1    船舶
2    微电网监视控制系统(控制系统)
3    供电线网
4    信号线网
5    蓄电池
6    智能仪表
7    发电装置
8    机器
10   子系统
10a  驾驶台系子系统
10b  推进系子系统
10c  甲板系子系统
10d  压载货物系子系统
10e  信息处理系子系统
11   陆地电输送供给设备
12   陆地电接受供给设备
13   连接器

Claims (5)

1.一种船舶，其特征在于，
在船舶中，所述船舶独立地具有用于得到推进力的主机和进行发电的辅机，具有将供电线网及用于信息传递的信号线网分成多个组而构建的多个子系统，
所述多个子系统由与驾驶台的机器相对应的驾驶台系子系统、与机械室的推进机器相对应的推进系子系统、与设置于甲板的机器相对应的甲板系子系统、与进行压载的机器和设置于船舱的机器相对应的压载货物系子系统以及与通信机器相对应的信息处理系子系统中的至少2个构成，
所述多个子系统分别具有蓄电池及智能仪表，而且分别连结至微电网监视控制系统，
所述微电网监视控制系统具有检测多个所述子系统的消耗电力量且在所述子系统之间控制电力的交接的构成，
所述微电网监视控制系统具有对多个所述子系统分别进行加权并决定优先地供给电力的所述子系统的构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的船舶，其特征在于，在所述微电网监视控制系统，连接有发电装置，所述发电装置是太阳光发电装置、风力发电装置、燃料电池、柴油发电机、动力涡轮发电机、涡轮式发电机或轴发电机中的至少1个。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的船舶，其特征在于，具有这样的构成：在所述船舶靠岸于码头的情况下，所述微电网监视控制系统从设置于所述码头的陆地电输送供给设备经由设置于船舶上的陆地电接受供给设备而接受电力的供给，送电至所述蓄电池。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的船舶，其特征在于，所述推进系子系统或所述甲板系子系统具有使机器动作的电动液压致动器和将电力供给至所述电动液压致动器的电线。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的船舶，其特征在于，所述船舶是具有由所述发电装置、所述蓄电池及电动机构成的主机的电推进船。
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