CN1035602A - Threshing prior to cutting method and pneumatic drum type threshing prior to cutting reaping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of method and apparatus of threshing prior to cutting results, crop recedes dialling under the finger effect of grain lifter, move after the guiding of the feeding band that its fringe portion is subjected to moving backward further, under the suction of the effect of moving notch board of belt and bow roller gear and powerful air-flow, feed, threshing, emersion object is transported to the inertial separation case, air-flow enters blower fan through pipeline in the sharp back of turning of separator box above dividing plate, discharge then, cereal and foreign material strike against the separator box rear wall by the inertia impelling and fall, transport on the marker impeller through conveyer belt, enter the emersion object treating apparatus after the discharge and carry out the grain separation, take off again, grain that separates and foreign material are by the pneumatic transportation that tilts to rise, and light foreign material are inhaled by machine in flowing over and transported outside the machine.

Description

Threshing prior to cutting method and pneumatic drum type threshing prior to cutting reaping machine

A kind of grain harvest method and machinery.

Traditional flow pattern combine of cutting is generally adopted in rice harves, promptly cuts threshing then earlier, and this method harvesting rice grain broken shell, broken serious can not be made seed usefulness, also is unfavorable for storage.Rice straw damages numerous and disorderly in threshing course, and bigger separation losses is arranged during moist the results.

The axial-flow type drum combine separates loss when the crop high humidity big, has to high results usually, and this brings difficulty for rotary tillage, the operation of turning over otherwise rice straw becomes when hindering broken serious, high humidity straw band, separation losses big.The threshing power consumption is especially big.

Can avoid above-mentioned shortcoming when clamping semi-feeding type combine is received paddy rice, but the work width of cloth is narrower and be difficult to do significant increase, operating speed is lower, and it is not high to pretend industry efficient; Owing to mechanisms such as ceding of Taiwan conveying, middle conveying and clamping threshing conveying are arranged, complex structure, cost height.And can not gather in the crops plant height and be lower than 50 centimetres crop.

Be the miniature combine that partly feeds that upright results transport courses designs by the rice wheat, its mechanism obtains simplification, but the work width of cloth and operating speed are less, and expansion has than difficult greatly, so efficient is lower.

In the another kind of diverse method aspect results paddy rice and the wheat is exactly threshing prior to cutting.This kind harvest machinery and technology were done a large amount of explorations both at home and abroad, but the type appearance as the receipts paddy rice of commodity was not arranged so far.Belong to real scheme and mainly contain three major types through field trial:

1, belt sheller unit: its feeding mouth can fall lowlyer, the big crop of suitable receipts fringe width of cloth difference, but or do not have the measure of blocking grain because of threshing band top and lose and excessively (see Fei Liebin: " Paddy Stripper Combine ", " The International Rice Research Institute; Annual Report 1969; 1970,1971,1972); Or because of adopting straw shift wheel to make pace be restricted (" exploratory development of threshing prior to cutting paddy rice combine main working parts ", Cai Yiyuan etc., " agricultural mechanical journal " 1981 1 phases).

2, pneumatic drum type: take off under it divides again formula and on take off two kinds of formulas.Under take off the strain of formula person's standing grain and guide cylinder into by feeding band, only grasp the fringe head later on and realize feeding with the drum threshing tooth, so feed not really reliably, lose greatlyyer, the stem stalk will change very big angle frangibility at feeding mouth when sheller unit is extracted out in addition.(as French Patent (FRP) Aold NO 1272506,21,08,61 and " experimental study of arch dental roller formula Thresher used before stalk cutting " Jiang Yiyuan etc., " Dongbei Agricultural College's journal " 3 phases of nineteen eighty-three etc.).

On take off formula person and divide two kinds again: one has the feeding of feeding band guiding fringe head for bow tooth threshing cylinder the place ahead, there is a fixing notch board top, between feeding mouth place feeding band and notch board, a slit must be arranged, it causes the embedding of short grass and disconnected fringe etc. and causes the obstruction of feeding mouth, have a strong impact on normal operation (" QF-110 threshing prior to cutting combined harvester is successful from one's very first attempt ", accompanying drawing 16, is seen at " agricultural machinery intelligence data " the 3rd phase in 1979 in kind pig farm, Hangzhou).

The majority that the Soviet Union is studied for many years is not for establishing the pneumatic drum type of feeding unit, adopt the threshing tooth of double-edged fine-toothed comb formula or Brush type, tassel passes through in the narrow slit of the threshing between cog that horizontally-arranged is arranged, its both sides are subjected to the clamp effect simultaneously and are taken off, and cause a large amount of disconnected fringe (accounting for 15-40% in the emersion object) and a large amount of long and short stem stalk and broken leaves.This just has to be provided with huge, the complicated disconnected fringe of structure and separates and mechanism (" у ъ о р к а р и с а м e т о д о м о ч e с а Н а К о р н ю " such as take off again, П. А. Ш а ъ а н о в, " м e х а н и z а ц и я И Э л e к т р и

и к а ц и я С о ц и а л и с т и ч e с к о г о С e л ь с к о г о Х о z я й с т в а " 1977,8; And " О ъ м о л о т Р и с а Н а К о р н ю М e т о д о м О ч e с а ", Ь. И. Г о н ч а р о в, " Т р а к т о р ы И С e л ь х о z м а ш и н ы " 1977.8, and for example Soviet Union's patent of invention NO.728763 К Л A01 D41/08 1977; NO.728764 К Л A01 D41/08 1979; NO.886799, К Л A01 D41/08,1980; NO.898989, К Л A01 D41/08 1980)

Taking off second kind of formula on the cylinder aspiration is with for replace feeding with horizontal rice-pulling chain, crop is divided into little row guides threshing cylinder into, each little row is another afterwards is divided into two, they are carrying out threshing (Figure 17) by drum shaft but its significant drawbacks is said as development person in traversing process: " procedure is complicated, and straw will be through twice minute standing grain; a right-angled bend; passage is narrow again, and crop is once retardance, and follow-up standing grain fringe is just crowded; make some not take off the standing grain fringe and be deposited in the passage by tear fracture, so that stop up.The tender and lovely place of Here it is this threshing process has influenced its practical value ".(" improving the preliminary discussion of thresher threshing ability ", Zheng Weiyi, " the academic nd Annual Meeting collection 1982 of agricultural machinery association results processing equipment ")

3, the drum-type of no aspiration: as the threshing cylinder of band saw tooth plate, it is contained in the place ahead of auger in the traditional combine ceding of Taiwan, gullet plate is pulled apart whole tassel at root when cylinder rotates up, throwing under the help that does not have aspiration in the ceding of Taiwan auger, later operation and used mechanism and traditional combine identical, because of no aspiration, grain loss (is seen " Seven Ways with straw " greatly, Norman G Lucas, " Power Farming ", 1986.Dec, P22-24), and from not test (N.T.) cross rice harves.Also having nearly when receiving wheat in the later stage, 50% cauline leaf is taken off, increased the load (" A New Stripping Header for Combine Harvesters " of subsequent handling, W.E.Klinner etc., " Agricultural Engineer " 1987 Spring).

Rectangular tooth comb comb formula, that narrow slit is arranged is smoothed out with the fingers the fringe device: it is fixed on the machine, and rectangular tooth crown inserts in the wheat during work, and narrow slit is smoothed out with the fingers the root of tassel disconnected, and what take off is whole tassel, transports to threshing in the sheller unit of back.This reaping machine once Australia produce used but only be fit to rarer, the dry harvesting wheat of production density, and loss bigger.In Europe and America all do not test and must promote.(G.R.Quick etc., " The Grain Harvestrs ", 1978 ASAE Publication).

To sum up said, threshing prior to cutting is received paddy rice and remained in following problem so far: majority fails to resolve fully the big problem of grain loss when 1. gathering in the crops the crop of non-lodging; 2. having solved the big problem person of grain loss again can not normal operation because of easily stopping up, or emersion object interrupts fringe and the length cauline leaf is too much, has increased the difficulty of subsequent job, and stem stalk breakdown simultaneously is serious, is difficult to do to pay an industry raw material; 3. generally can not receive the crop of various different directions lodging.

Purpose of the present invention: guarantee that grain loss is little, under the prerequisite that whole-grain is harmless and the stem stalk is complete, make the sheller unit smoothness of not stopping up, work, to crop state wide adaptability, can receive the volt crop, working width, the operating speed height, the very complicated again threshing prior to cutting reaping machine of mechanism, it with threshing after cutting of rice straw shine machine system of multipurpose crawler type self-propelled chassis formation of putting shop and field transportation grain sack.

Task of the present invention realizes as follows: with the method for threshing prior to cutting machine harvesting crops.At first, crop recedes dialling under the finger effect of grain lifter, the feeding that its fringe portion is subjected to moving backward moves after with 2 guiding further, feeding mouth place up to threshing cylinder, feeding and the threshing under the suction of the effect of moving notch board of belt and bow roller gear and powerful air-flow of fringe head, to the inertial separation case, air-flow sharp back of turning in case enters blower fan through pipeline to emersion object above dividing plate, discharge then by pneumatic transportation.Cereal and foreign material are fallen in the separator box rear wall by inertial impaction, transport on the marker impeller through the belt conveying device, material is discharged from and directly enters the axial flow cylinder-type emersion object treating apparatus that is arranged on the below, emersion object carries out grain at this to be separated and takes off again, grain that separates and light foreign material are through the effect of slantwise updraft, light foreign material are inhaled fortune outside crossflow fan discharge machine, are fallen to being discharged by auger by the grain of precleaning.

Realize that the threshing prior to cutting reaping machine of above-mentioned methods of threshing is made up of grain lifter, feeding unit, Thresher used before stalk cutting, inertial separation case and emersion object treating apparatus etc., said grain lifter is the individual profiling grain lifter, it comprises left and right sides seeding supporting chain, on seeding supporting chain, fixing curved after a while the dialling of taper of evenly arranging and referring to, on drive sprocket axle, fixing and unloading standing grain garden dish.The said diameter that unloads standing grain garden dish refers to expose 2/3 tooth depth for making to dial, and a shell that is fixed on the curved profile on the frame is arranged.

Said feeding unit is a feeding band, and it and the moving notch board 5 of belt constitute one and turn round.This band is enclosed within on three roll shafts of the configuration that becomes to stand like the legs of a tripod.Described Thresher used before stalk cutting is made up of arch dental roller and three supporting disks being enclosed within on the drum shaft.Axle central authorities with the supporting garden dish 22 of roller bearing and the drum shaft two ends by the ball bearing supporting about two supporting gardens dishes 20,21 are supporting and the feeding band fuses moving notch boards 5 of the belt by the concave arc motion, moving notch board of this belt and the bow roller gear formation threshing cavity that rotates up.

Said inertial separation case, it comprises belt conveying device and marker impeller in casing, the casing.Riveted joint has rubbing board on the conveyer belt, and supporting plate is being set off in the below of its working edge, and the flanging of the both sides of supporting plate is fixed on the box body wall.Sealant tape is being riveted at marker impeller blade edge.

Described axial flow cylinder-type emersion object treating apparatus comprises a closed cylinder, tube the face fixedly rectangular impeller (or spirality) and the lattice-shaped notch board of angle of entry steel.With length that marker impeller is connected mutually in, the cornerite of cylinder notch board is nearly 180, its tangent connection of planar shaped Turbogrid plates below marker impeller.In all the other length of cylinder, the cornerite of notch board is nearly 270.The notch board top is that cornerite is nearly 90 cover plate.Fixing spirality bow plate on the inner surface of its atresia, the cylinder tail end has centrifugal fan.Above-mentioned notch board is that piecemeal is formed, and is connected by bearing pin.Below two pins to connect the some positions adjustable to change cylinder-concave clearance.

Be provided with the crossflow fan isometric (Cross-flow Fan) 133 with it at the axial-flow type drum rear, its air inlet facing to the antetheca of the emersion object expansion chamber 135 of axial-flow type drum below, expansion chamber for the venetian blind type grid 123 by tilt adjustable constitute, below grain auger pusher 131 is arranged.

The seeding supporting chain of above-mentioned individual profiling grain lifter and the angle on ground are adjustable.The grain lifter base plate 59 parallel with seeding supporting chain becomes to be hinged between the connecting lever 73 with revolution.Adjustable plate 82 on the revolution connecting lever and the left and right sides clamping plate 83 on the grain lifter base plate 59 are by bolted, and the angle between adjusting grain lifter base plate and the revolution connecting lever 73.

The grain lifter of respectively organizing of individual profiling grain lifter is monomer independently.Can distinguish the wraparound rotating shaft and rotate, the grain lifter front end has the sliding palm 143 of profiling, its top that the balancing spring 143 that links to each other with frame is arranged.Establish the pulley concial disk 75 of a transmission seeding supporting chain that keeps flat in the corner of revolution connecting lever, its axle is by bearing 76 supportings, fixing belt pulley 77 on the driving shaft 64 of level, this two power of realizing semidecussation transmission, vee-pulley 75 by V belt between taking turns is through two universal joints 84, square shaft 85 and sleeve pipes 86 and gear-box 87 are passed to the seeding supporting chain sprocket shaft up and down.

Enter driving wheel and follower place at seeding supporting chain, cover one by triangular sheets and its block cover that flanging constituted 101 perpendicular to base plate, the block cover that is used for drive sprocket is fixed in the grain lifter base plate, the position is adjustable, be used for then being connected in passive sprocket shaft by the block cover on the movable sprocket, moves, and fixes it in the lump with sprocket shaft when regulating the chain rate of tension.

Technical characterictic of the present invention is:

1, by grain lifter crop is dialled and retreat, relay feeding band guiding, make crop with than high inclination-angle feeding sheller unit, feed threshing under swabbing action with air-flow is draged in the jumping of the arch dental roller up-bow tooth that rotates up, this mode makes the feeding degree of depth increase of crop can adapt to the results of the big crop of fringe width of cloth difference.Make crop in two processes of feeding and extraction, all carry out threshing on the other hand, long action time, created condition for the operating speed (can reach 1.0-1.5m/s) that improves machine, simultaneously, this mode can make the bow tooth earlier from fringe portion comb up to the crop bottom, it inserts the type of combing taper earlier with some and compares and be convenient to comb the suitable mixed and disorderly crop and reduce that the stem stalk fractures and the content of the fringe that breaks of intersecting from the bottom of plant.

2, the notch board above the threshing cylinder of the present invention adopts belt to make, and the feeding band in it and the place ahead constitutes one, have and feeding with identical movement velocity, form the moving notch board of a belt, so just avoided in the past fixed notch board and fed gap between being with and the obstruction that is caused thereof.Work is smooth.

3, emersion object enters the inertial separation case, the grain in the gas material mixture of the sealing multiple rear wall with soft material with its inertia high speed water level land directive chest under pneumatic transportation, and it can absorb impact energy effectively.The damage of grain, the resilience of grain and the possibility that it is taken away by ascending air have been reduced.And fall to marker impeller.Air-flow then halfturn, be with light foreign material to go out casing, enter centrifugal blower with direction of machine travel horizontal flow, outside the discharge machine, realize separating of gas and material.

4, emersion object directly enters axial-flow type drum emersion object treating apparatus by belt conveying device and marker impeller after the inertial separation case is discharged, a large amount of grain is very fast in the emersion object separates from the lattice-shaped notch board, and a spot of disconnected fringe is taken off again and separation, a spot of long shoot stalk are axially passed tail end by axial-flow type drum and discharged through the Lysimachia sikokiana blower fan.Bigger air inlet is arranged on blower fan and the shell, and that the air-flow that impeller caused can withstand is formed by concave grate by crossflow fan, go into the air-flow of cylinder from the straw outlet suck-back, in order to avoid the latter stops the discharge of stem stalk.

5, the grain that falls from above-mentioned grid concave plate is mixed with a spot of light foreign material and short stem falls into expansion chamber 135 in the lump; in dropping process, be subjected to being located at the billowing suction running usefulness that the slantwise updraft that crossflow fan caused at rear is arranged of axle; light foreign material are drawn out of outside crossflow fan discharge machine; because the expansion chamber height is bigger; the tilt adjustable of the venetian blind type Turbogrid plates of long, air entry of swabbing action time is so that the flow velocity of the interior upper and lower, left and right of expansion chamber air-flow all belongs to is adjustable, these all help the removing of light foreign material.

6, in order to receive laid crop, to enlarge adaptability, adopt chain to refer to the formula grain lifter, the state that makes the crop that is in different conditions all hold up to be hypsokinesis slightly, to be organized into uniformity, for feeding band guiding feeding sheller unit to crop growthing state.Because grain lifter protracts and from running gear one segment distance is arranged, so adopt individual profiling form, they respectively can wraparound rotating shaft rotation, the ground pressure of the sliding palm of profiling of grain lifter is regulated by balancing spring, so no matter the machine ripple of how running, it is constant so that receive laid crop to guarantee to hold up standing grain to dial road clearance of finger.When the grain lifter monomer upwards overturns after nearly 180, the feeding mouth of sheller unit has just exposed, and this machine just can be used as thresher and uses.Elongation before can shortening when the machine travel position is simultaneously improved longitudinal stability.

7, dialling of the grain lifter on the clamping semi-feeding type combined harvester refers to, lean against following its rotation on the chain bearing pin of guide rail control realizes unloading standing grain and provokes straw, this complex structure more, it is excessive, fragile to dial the finger stroke speed, and operating rate also just is restricted.

Dialling that the present invention adopts refers to it is to be consolidated on the chain link, and be in the state that stretches all the time, its standing grain that unloads is to rely on the curved profile three's who dials the palintrope shape, the dish of the standing grain garden of unloading on the sprocket wheel and the shell that refer to mating reaction to realize, because it is curved after a while to dial the taper that refers to, can not influence the effect of draging of choosing to laid crop.

8, the present invention is because the operating speed height, and the standing grain original text behind the threshing prior to cutting is in that do not establish under the special raising apparatus can't well cutting, and is too complicated in order not make machine, adopts and only takes off the scheme of not cutting.Can select following several different processing modes by user's needs with straw after the threshing prior to cutting reaping machine results, that stand, machinery and threshing prior to cutting reaping machine with usefulness in these modes can constitute a machine system.

(1) need go back the field as the stem stalk, just only need directly to plough under in the soil with mouldboard plow, carry out stem stalk pruning return field, several years field working conditions down test show: the farm work that the straw of pruning return field neither influences the paddy field does not influence output then again, and can obtain the good effect of improving soil nutrient after 1 year.(see Dong Chengmao: " the vertically-arranged axle flow point is from taking off the research of cleaning three-in-one unit and the exploratory development of the whole strain direct returning to farmland technology of paddy rice snag again " Dongbei Agricultural College's thesis for the doctorate).

(2) if do not need also field, then available " cutting stalk-field grain transportation " multifunctional self-walking chassis (Figure 13) provided by the present invention, it is one the self-propelled chassis of crawler unit to be arranged, its the place ahead hangs existing standing header swather, the straw cutting can be sidelong the slivering shop, the platform that the loading bag is arranged on the chassis, the grain sack that can will spread all over the field when cutting stalk installs to and transports the field on the car.

Self-propelled chassis is against the toppling direction walking of the straw of being pressed by crawler belt when the threshing during harvesting.Practice shows can guarantee cut quality like this.Because threshing prior to cutting reaping machine operating speed height of the present invention, the degree that the stem stalk is pressed is light, reverts to the state that certain angle is arranged with ground easily.

9, (Figure 14) changes self-propelled chassis into reverse walking when hanging rotovator, just can realize cutting the rotary tillage operation on ground, back, adapts to the less-tillage system requirement in area, paddy field.Still can hang other facility operations, the multifunctional self-walking chassis.

The present invention compares with existing cereal harvesting machinery and has the following advantages:

1, compares with traditional cereal combine because the present invention has adopted the arch dental roller threshing, can make whole-grain harmless during the results paddy rice, it is very slight with the damage of, straw to can be used as seed, be convenient to the workmanship and pay the industry raw material, owing to save by the rice device and can remove separation losses from, and be fit to the preceding ripe paddy rice of frost that the results lake is wet, rice straw is dark green, also can receive the dry paddy rice in frost back, and can receive laid crop.

2, compare with axial-flow type drum cereal combine, then cauline leaf damage will be slighter many, the threshing power consumption is much less also, except that grain does not all damage, other advantages identical during with above-mentioned and traditional comparing.

3, compare with clamping semi-feeding type paddy rice combine, can improve operating speed, and widen the work width of cloth aspect boosting productivity, do not resemble the clamping semi-feeding type be restricted, economize mechanism such as de-clamping conveying, clamping threshing and feeding depth adjustment and structure is simple and can receive plant height the crop below 50 centimetres.

On grain lifter, the mechanism that realize to dial refers to unload standing grain is simpler, and dials also not resemble aspect the finger speed and be restricted the contrast type improving grain lifter.

4, the present invention adopts threshing-before-cutting and takes off the scheme of cutting the segmentation operation, the positive strain that just can realize crop stem is mincing and returning to the field not, save stalk chopper and big energy that chopping consumed, simplified operation, mechanism, alleviated the weight of reaping machine, be convenient to make " receipts grain " this main task to carry out operation with high efficiency.

The simple declaration of accompanying drawing:

The technological process and the general layout of Fig. 1-expression embodiments of the invention

The structure chart of Fig. 2-bow tooth threshing cylinder.

The enlarged drawing of the part of Fig. 3-Fig. 2.

Fig. 4-feeding band moves the structure chart that notch board constitutes one with belt.

The seeding supporting chain of Fig. 5-individual profiling grain lifter is dialled structure charts such as referring to, unload standing grain garden dish.

Two profiles of Fig. 6-Fig. 6.

The connecting lever structure chart of Fig. 7-individual profiling grain lifter.

The interface chart of gyroaxis between Fig. 8-adjacent monomer profiling grain lifter.

The enlarged drawing of the part of Fig. 9-Fig. 7.

The top view of the part of Figure 10-Fig. 7.

The profilograph of Figure 11-emersion object inertial separation case and emersion object treating apparatus.

Figure 12-axial-flow type drum emersion object treating apparatus front view.

Figure 13-multifunctional self-walking chassis figure (being used for " cutting stalk-field transportation grain sack ").

Figure 14-multifunctional self-walking chassis figure (being used for the rotary tillage operation).

The final transmission case schematic diagram of the forward and reverse transferring power of energy of Figure 15-self-propelled chassis.

Behind Figure 16-feeding band the fixedly drum-type Thresher used before stalk cutting of notch board is arranged.

Figure 17-crop is at the device that moves past threshing in the journey along drum shaft sidelong.

Realize that a best way of the present invention sees accompanying drawing 1, crop recedes dialling under the finger effect of grain lifter (1), move up to the feeding mouth place of threshing cylinder (3) after the guiding of the feeding band (2) that its fringe portion is subjected to moving backward further, the fringe head is feeding under the effect of moving notch board (5) of belt and bow roller gear (4) and under the suction of powerful air-flow.Emersion object by pneumatic transportation through pipeline (6) in the part of half the dividing plate (8) of inertial separation case (7) below, air-flow around dividing plate swash turn the back above the dividing plate outside pipeline (11) enters blower fan (12) discharge machine.Cereal and foreign material are deposited on the marker impeller (9), falling within the rear person is fed forward to this by conveyer belt (10) and takes turns, material is discharged by the latter, and directly enter axial flow cylinder-type emersion object treating apparatus (13) lining that is arranged on the below, here separated, the disconnected fringe of grain is taken off again, is grown grass by axially being pushed out outside the machine.Light foreign material in the grain are subjected to the suction fortune of crossflow fan (133) inspiratory flow in infall process and outside the discharge machine, grain is released the footpath elevator grain sack of packing into by auger.

Figure 2 shows that the structure chart of bow tooth threshing cylinder, two sections arch dental rollers (18) (19) about fixing on the cylinder shaft (17) by the bearing on the two side (16) supporting on the frame, fixing threshing bow tooth with the helix arrangement on the cylinder surface, between cylinder and two sidewalls and between two cylinders, be provided with supporting disk (20) (21) (22), the supporting disk of sidewall is bearing on the axle and can rotates freely by ball bearing, and the supporting disk of central authorities is by roller bearing (when the work width of cloth hour can save the central support dish) in the reeded dish of cylinder central authorities, each supporting disk periphery has a narrow ring (23), its external diameter is slightly larger than the external diameter of bow tooth top, form the cylinder-concave clearance of 2-4mm, the central support dish is made up of two and half gardens rings during installation, and (25 clamp (Fig. 3) on the two sides with clamping plate (24) and bolt for they.

Fig. 4 shows the structure that the moving notch board of feeding band and belt fuses, there are not three roll shafts (26) (27) (28) in the front upper place of threshing cylinder, one of them is drive roll (26), another is (28) of removable adjusting belt rate of tension, overlapping kiss-coating woven belt (30) on three roll shafts with cross bar bar (29), the section of cross bar bar is a Ω shape, in this band dual-side riveting some segment sawtooth V-belts (31) are arranged, the latter moves in the triangle trough of belt (32) of roll shaft, prevent that this is with on-stream sidesway, this band is to rely on the dish edge (23) of supporting disk in the close bc section of cylinder, belt in this section will form moving notch board with movement in a curve, it drives supporting disk with frictional force, the latter with feeding with the rotation of close linear velocity, visible feeding band and the moving notch board of the belt gap that has occurred when just having eliminated with fixing notch board that fuses reaches the blockage problem that causes thus.

The base plate of sheller unit upwards wraps d from the cylinder below, by d to the air-flow that can obtain one rising the feeding mouth b, laboratory test show it to move after and near cylinder, the nodding spike head has the effect of certain buoyance lift, and make it near be the state that stretches enter cylinder-concave clearance, because the feeding threshing is to cause one of reason that disconnected fringe increases under the fringe head bending state, and used operation principle and the structure of the present invention can make disconnected fringe content obviously reduce.

(e place) needs certain interval between upper cover plate of threshing cylinder back (78) and the moving notch board end, so that produce enough suction air-flows, goes, reduces the loss being with in the anti-grain inspiration carrier pipe that brings out of cross tube bar by feeding on a small quantity.

Because threshing cylinder is longer, it is packed into from the left side of machine, dies and leave a big slightly hole, a garden of diameter that constitutes than cylinder increment at the machine side plate as a roman, the retainer plate (63) that has angle steel to curve around it, and fixing entad sphere ball bearing (16) of biserial at the same end of axle, and bearing block is fixed on the axillare (33) of band outer ring (102), and this outer ring promptly is seated in the retainer plate.

Fig. 5 has palintrope to dial finger (34), unload the shell (36) of careless garden dish (35) and curved profile, under their cooperation realization unload standing grain, the individual profiling grain lifter.

Drive sprocket (37) (Fig. 6) top, fixing diameter on sprocket shaft (38) is to make to dial to refer to expose the 2/3 group of standing grain garden of unloading dish (35) that refers to height, when dial referring to that dialling straw moves up near the garden plate edge, the latter will rely on dial to refer to the root straightway (it account for dial refer to length 2/3) straw pass to dial and refer on the palintrope section (account for remaining 1/3), and the straw on this palintrope section just can palintrope dial refer to cooperate with shell with curved profile curve (36) under realization unload standing grain.Standing grain garden dish is unloaded in employing just can make the palintrope amount of dialling finger not need excessive.So can not weaken it and when receiving laid crop, choose the ability of draging straw.

Pass through in the slit that dialling in same chain closes on the left and right sides chain refers to all to be constituted between (Fig. 6) in cover (41) (40) up and down, to prevent that cauline leaf from entering chain cover, on chain box plate 41, fixing a sleeve pipe 39, it lives the axle sleeve that is rotating, and prevents that the short cauline leaf that drops into chain cover from twining sprocket wheel.

By 4 gear 42 transmissions, they all are linked on separately the axle 43 between the sprocket wheel of the left and right sides, and Fig. 6 sprocket shaft is by ball bearing 44 supporting.And two jackshafts are by powder metallurgy oil-impregnated bearing 45 supportings.Power is by 43 inputs of second axle.

The rate of tension of chain is regulated by mobile follower 46, and this is taken turns is to be bearing on the axle 48 by ball bearing 47 to rotate.The top of driven axle is with the slide block 49 of square cross-section.The latter and bolt 50 welding.Fig. 5 unscrews nut 51 when regulating, by turning adjusting nut 52, sprocket shaft is moved in guide groove 53 with slide block, gets final product.Clamp nut 51 is fixed on the inner ring of bearing and a pipe 56 on the guide groove by step 55 Fig. 6 of cover plate 54 and sprocket shaft again.

Guide groove is welded on the cross level angle steel 57, and the latter meets at right angles with the center stringer 58 with Ω shape section again and docks, and the two is welded on the base plate 59 in the lump.

Cover 40 Fig. 6 and be fixed on the cross bar 61 by screw 60 on the base of folding inwards at the end of seeding supporting chain, manages 62 flat-face fillet weld map interlinkings 6 between between the latter and base plate 59 and the end cover.

The individual profiling grain lifter can be distinguished wraparound rotating shaft 141, and Fig. 1 rotates, and its front end has the sliding palm 142 of profiling, faces the support reaction of sliding the palm with the balancing spring 143 that pulling force is adjustable with regulating, makes it to approach zero.

The power that drives seeding supporting chain is by gyroaxis 141 inputs, and every group of grain lifter all has gyroaxis separately, links Fig. 8 by flange plate type shaft coupling 65 and flex plate between them.Each is bearing in the bearing block 68 of the rotating cylinder shape with flange 67 by ball bearing 66, the latter is bearing in again in the clamshell type bearing shell 69, second sheet 70 of rotation, this bearing shell of can sliding is consolidated on the frame 72 by support arm 71, above structure has guaranteed respectively to organize transmission, their rotations during profiling separately of grain lifter power, can carry out list group folding dress again when needed.

Figure 7 shows that the revolution connecting lever 73 of grain lifter, its horizontal segment is the thin-wall box body structure, and its left and right sides facade is by rivet 74 and above-mentioned flange 67 riveteds.Establish the pulley concial disk 75 of a transmission seeding supporting chain that keeps flat in the corner of revoliving arm, its axle is by 76 supportings of 2 ball bearings.And on above-mentioned gyroaxis, fixing pulley concial disk 77, and this two realizes the semidecussation transmission by the V-belt between taking turns, making on the machine was the rotation that the rotation of trunnion axis becomes vertical axis originally, satisfied the needs that seeding supporting chain rotates.

The vertical section of revolution connecting lever also is a shell structure, sidewall in its lower end tightens set sleeve pipe 79, about earrings 80 Fig. 5 on it and the chain box plate, link by bearing pin 81, the adjustable plate 82 in revolution connecting lever front passes through bolted with the left and right sides clamping plate 83 on the grain lifter base plate 59, regulate with this and to hold up the standing grain angle, adapt to the results of different plant height crops.

Rotatablely moving by 2 universal joints 84 of revolution connecting lever front end vertical shaft belt pulley, square shaft 85 and sleeve pipe 86 are passed to power shaft 43 Fig. 6,5 of gear-box 87 Fig. 5.

There are earrings 89 Fig. 9 the bearing block both sides of vertical shaft belt pulley, can move forward and backward in its guide groove 90 Fig. 9,10 on the connecting lever facade regulating the rate of tension of V-belt, and by bolt 92 fastening it.

There are cone-shaped nearside divider 93 Fig. 5 in the place ahead of grain lifter, its bottom width equal or sell greater than about two be hull shape by the sliding palm 94 of the centre-to-centre spacing of movable sprocket, grain lifter, it is by two longitudinal reinforcements 95, one root post 96 and cross bar 97 strike up partnership, be fixed in the front end of grain lifter with the end face cover plate by screw, form folding.

With the nearside divider lateral edges, longitudinal reinforcement is multiple with thin plate, in case cauline leaf is scurried into the grain lifter bottom surface and caused winding for skeleton with the sliding palm.On this thin plate, leave long slot bore and refer to pass through so that dial.

Above cover 90 Fig. 5 on the grain lifter, the machine-dividing cover 100 of a bridge of the nose shape is being fixed at the rear of nearside divider, and its two domatic angles should not can reduce the strike shattering loss of fringe head when separating straw so effectively greater than 60 °.

In order to prevent that cauline leaf accidental, minute quantity or disconnected fringe from entering seeding supporting chain and be sandwiched between chain and the sprocket wheel, influence runs well, enter a side of sprocket wheel at chain, between sprocket wheel and chain, cover one by triangular sheets and its cover 101 Fig. 5 that constitute perpendicular to the flanging of base plate, the flanging of this cover can block cauline leaf, grain enters the engagement place of chain and sprocket wheel, and strikes off it.And triangular sheets can be blocked grain etc. from chaindriven side and enters the engagement place.This block cover is fixed on the aforesaid fixedly end and covers on the sleeve pipe 62 that 40 Fig. 6 use, and can regulate its position, make the distance between this block cover and chain reach suitable size, and be fixed on the sprocket shaft, can when regulating the chain rate of tension, move with sprocket wheel by the above-mentioned block cover 103 on the movable sprocket.

Figure 11 shows the structure of inertial separation case, emersion object is inhaled fortune by air-flow from sheller unit and is entered inertial separation case 105 through bend pipe 104, guiding by guide plate 106, grain is pasting dividing plate 107 direct projection rear walls, the latter applies with sheet rubber 108, air-flow then swashs curved with 180, turn the top of dividing plate, enter centrifugal blower 12 Fig. 1 through escape pipe 109.Grain is separated, is fallen within and transports to marker impeller 111 on the conveyer belt 110 and escape and enter axial-flow type drum emersion object treating apparatus in sharp the turning of air-flow, and a small amount of long shoot stalk also falls into simultaneously.

The belt conveying device is made up of drive roll 112, driven roll 113, conveyer belt 110 and supporting plate 114, fix a scraper plate 88 on the conveyer belt at a certain distance, below the conveyer belt working edge, set off a supporting plate 114, the latter's both sides can be fixed on the casing, can prevent effectively that grain from entering the conveyer belt bottom and the obstruction that causes.

Marker impeller 111 blade outer rims are being riveted elastic rubber belt 115, can keep good sealing property between shell 116.

Figure 11 and Figure 12 have represented the structure of axial-flow type drum emersion object treating apparatus, be subjected to the extracting of rectangular impeller 118 on the axial-flow type drum 117 by the material of impeller discharge, and cylinder and the tangent configuration of marker impeller, rewinded separator box by impeller again so the material of discharging is unlikely, and enter cylinder reliably, rectangular impeller 118 is generally and installs along the cylinder axis direction is α=0 °, use spirality impeller α=10 °-20 ° in case of necessity, grain has begun to separate on the Turbogrid plates 119 that tilt in this process.Separator enters expansion chamber 135 through slide plate 121 guiding.

With the grid-type concave 122 of tangent that section axial-flow type drum of marker impeller be nearly 180 garden arc for cornerite, lattice dimensions is 15 * 50mm, steel wire diameter is that 3mm(can change 11 * 32mm) into when receiving the wheat of the more kind of disconnected fringe.At the cylinder top is that cornerite is nearly 90 no blind patch 154, on guide plate 123 lead angles of installing by helix 30 are arranged.

With notch board 124 Figure 12 of axial-flow type drum beyond the tangent part of marker impeller also be lattice-shaped, its cornerite is 270, and is the notch board of 90 ° of cornerites above the cylinder, and the spiral letter stencil is also arranged.30 ° of lead angles.

Emersion object is in making spiral motion, and grain separates, and disconnected fringe takes off again, the long shoot stalk is pushed and transports to end outside Lysimachia sikokiana centrifugal blower 126 discharge machines.This blower fan is made up of 6 radial blades and the shell that are fixed on the cylinder disc.64 is the bearing block of drum shaft.The shell of blower fan is slightly larger than the notch board of cylinder, and by the conical surface 129 transition, guaranteeing to grow grass, it is smooth to discharge between the two.

Being connected with as shown in figure 11 of above-mentioned each segmentation of notch board, they are the hinge knot for being run through by bearing pin 150 all, the bearing pin position that D shown on the figure, E, F are 3 is fixed, and can move radially, thereby make the cylinder-concave clearance herein can be by regulating in the 3-20mm scope at the bearing pin 150 of 2 of B, C.Bearing pin is elongated in the governor motion that B is ordered, and stretches out outside the machine two side, and axle head has axle sleeve 151, and the latter is welded on the bolt 152, by fixed by nut on the machine wall.The governor motion that C is ordered also is the elongated sidewall that stretches out machine with the bearing pin of 3 of above-mentioned identical (being omitted among the figure), D, E, F, and axle sleeve is to be welded on the sidewall.

Crossflow fan Figure 11, its inlet scoop of being provided with the impeller 149 with 12 forward curved vanes at the rear of axial-flow type drum are towards down, the joining place of air draught road and blower fan has section to enlarge to some extent and forms arc shell A, the front side wall of material expansion chamber 135 system is made of the venetian blind type Turbogrid plates 128 of tilt adjustable below axial-flow type drum, this plate has flanging, but not only air intake but also can block the grain of effusion, there is grain auger pusher 131 the expansion chamber lower end.

Figure 13 shows the self-propelled chassis with metal track running gear, on have the loading bag platform 144, hang on the standing header swather 145 in the place ahead, the final transmission case 147 that places the diesel engine 146 at rear and have rotating kinetic energy.This machine row of can holding concurrently in same time operation cuts the reverse operation that stalk is put the double freight operations of shop and field transportation grain sack, walking when this moment, self-propelled chassis gather in the crops by the threshing prior to cutting reaping machine, so as during results crawler belt press the straw of inclination and upright straw cut in the lump also traversing put auxilliary.

Figure 14 represented the original position that hangs the standing header swather change hang rotovator 143 and with the chassis on final transmission case change transmission direction, make direction of travel of each speed retaining of chassis when reaction machine and gearbox rotation direction do not become become anti-, thereby make rotovator become the back and hang operation, also just become self-propelled rotovator.

Structural principle and conversion transmission direction such as Figure 15 of final transmission case.When cutting the operation of stalk-field transportation grain sack, the power of the output semiaxis 1 of gearbox is by gear Z, the jackshaft Z that cogs, and the cog α of Z driven pedrail driving wheel 2(Figure 15 of chassis live axle).When the rotary tillage operation, final transmission-case cover is opened, take off its traversing distance is installed being contained in shift fork on the lid, when covering on the casing, lid just can make gear Z ₁Dial and go and gear Z ₄Engagement.(b of Figure 15)

Claims (9)

1, a kind of method with threshing prior to cutting machine results is characterized in that:

A, crop recede dialling under the finger effect of grain lifter, the feeding that its fringe portion is subjected to moving backward moves after with 2 guiding further, up to the feeding mouth place of threshing cylinder, feeding and the threshing under the suction of the effect of moving notch board of belt and bow roller gear and powerful air-flow of fringe head.

To the inertial separation case, air-flow and light foreign material enter blower fan through pipeline in the sharp back of turning of separator box above dividing plate, discharge then by pneumatic transportation for b, emersion object.

C, cereal and foreign material inertial impaction fall through conveyer belt in the separator box rear wall and transport on the marker impeller, and material is discharged by impeller, enter the axial flow cylinder-type emersion object treating apparatus that is arranged on the below, and emersion object carries out grain at this to be separated, and disconnected fringe takes off again.

D, the grain that separates and the thin foreign material pneumatic transportation through tilting to rise, light foreign material are transported outside the machine by suction through crossflow fan.

2, air-sucking type arch dental roller threshing prior to cutting reaping machine comprises grain lifter, feeding unit, Thresher used before stalk cutting, inertial separation case and emersion object treating apparatus.The invention is characterized in that said grain lifter is the individual profiling grain lifter, it comprises left and right sides seeding supporting chain, fixing the dialling of only taper palintrope of evenly arranging on seeding supporting chain refers to, be fixed on and unload standing grain garden dish on the drive sprocket axle, the said diameter that unloads standing grain garden dish refers to expose 2/3 tooth depth for making to pull out, and a curved profile shell that is fixed on the frame is arranged.

3, reaping machine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that said feeding unit by feeding band and the moving notch board 5 of belt constitute one rotating belt, support above-mentioned rotating belt the configuration of standing like the legs of a tripod three roll shafts and bend the tooth threshing cylinder and formed, the central useful central support garden dish of described cylinder by the ball bearing supporting, two supporting garden dishes 20,21 about two ends have, these garden dishes are supporting with the feeding band and are fusing by the moving notch board 5 of the belt of concave arc motion, and this moving notch board constitutes threshing cavity with the bow roller gear that rotates up.

4, as claim 2,3 described reaping machines, it is characterized in that said separator is an inertial separator, it comprises casing, is provided with the belt conveying device in the casing the inside, riveted joint has rubbing board on the conveyer belt, supporting plate 14 is being set off in the below of its working edge, the dual-side of supporting plate is fixed on the inertial separation box body, and other has a marker impeller, and elastic rubber belt is being riveted at the edge of impeller blade.

5, as claim 2,3 described reaping machines, it is characterized in that said emersion object treating apparatus comprises an enclosed axial-flow type drum, fixing rectangular spirality impeller on the tube face, with length that marker impeller is connected mutually in, the notch board of cylinder is a lattice-shaped, cornerite is 180, it is connected with marker impeller lower plane shape Turbogrid plates, grid concave plate has 270 cornerites in all the other length of cylinder, the notch board top is 90 cover plate, the inner surface of its atresia has the spirality guide plate, and the cylinder tail end has centrifugal fan.Be provided with the crossflow fan isometric (Cross-flow fan) 129 with it at the rear of axial-flow type drum, its air inlet is made of the air inlet grid (128) of the venetian blind type of tilt adjustable facing to the antetheca system of the emersion object expansion chamber 135 of axial-flow type drum below, expansion chamber, below the grain auger pusher is arranged.

6, reaping machine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the seeding supporting chain of said individual profiling grain lifter and the angle on ground are adjustable, the grain lifter base plate 59 parallel with seeding supporting chain becomes to be hinged between the connecting lever 73 with revolution, adjustable plate 82 on the revolution connecting lever and the left and right sides clamping plate 83 on the grain lifter base plate 59 are by bolted, and angle between adjusting grain lifter base plate and the revolution connecting lever 73.

7, as claim 2,6 described reaping machines, the grain lifter of respectively organizing that it is characterized in that said individual profiling grain lifter is monomer independently, the wraparound rotating shaft is rotated respectively, the grain lifter front end has the sliding palm 142 of profiling, there is the balancing spring 143 that links to each other with frame its top, establish the pulley concial disk 75 of a transmission seeding supporting chain that keeps flat in the corner of revolution connecting lever, it is bearing in by bearing 76 on the driving shaft 64 of level and is fixing belt pulley 77, this two realizes the semidecussation transmission by V belt between taking turns, and the power of vee-pulley 75 is through two universal joints 84 up and down, square shaft 85 and sleeve pipe 86 and gear-box 87 are passed to the seeding supporting chain sprocket wheel.

8, reaping machine as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that the individual profiling grain lifter hold up standing grain to dial finger also can be riveted on the triangular driving band, the latter by with the transmission of claim 7 identical mechanism.

9, individual profiling grain lifter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that entering a side of sprocket wheel, between sprocket wheel and chain, put one and be the flute profile block cover 101 of triangle baffle plate up and down at seeding supporting chain, the base plate of this groove and chain enter and form an acute angle, be fixed on the passive sprocket shaft by the above-mentioned flute profile block cover 103 on the movable sprocket, can when regulating rate of tension, move with sprocket wheel.

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