CN103548461A - Precise agricultural automatic/manual variable fertilizing machine based on virtual GPS (global position system) - Google Patents
Precise agricultural automatic/manual variable fertilizing machine based on virtual GPS (global position system) Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548461A CN103548461A CN201310544472.9A CN201310544472A CN103548461A CN 103548461 A CN103548461 A CN 103548461A CN 201310544472 A CN201310544472 A CN 201310544472A CN 103548461 A CN103548461 A CN 103548461A
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Abstract
The invention provides a precise agricultural automatic/manual variable fertilizing machine based on a virtual GPS (global position system), which aims at applying fertilizers to soil according to the crop nutrition requirements through the virtual GPS under the circumstance that farmland nutrition space distribution is not uniform so as to achieve the purposes of reducing the input, increasing the benefit and improving the quality of agricultural products. The precise agricultural automatic/manual variable fertilizing machine comprises a virtual GPS navigation system and a variable deep fertilizing and precise sowing machine, wherein the virtual GPS navigation system is separated from the variable deep fertilizing and precise sowing machine and comprises a differential global position system (DGPS), a geographic information and field operation land parcel management system, a field operation land parcel grid identification and control program, and an IC (integrated circuit) card for storing land parcel management and variable fertilization decision information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, particularly relate to a kind of precision agriculture automatic/hand variable fertilization machinery based on virtual GPS.
Technical background
China is large agricultural country, and problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the significant problem that is related to the modernization construction overall situation all the time.In recent years, use in a large number chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and plastic film, and immoderate flood irrigation, caused serious agricultural ecological environment, the soil organic matter progressively exhausts, water conservation, keeping fertility are poor, and soil structure is destroyed, severe water and soil erosion.Therefore, seek to be applicable to current social development pattern, Development of Morden agrotechnique, for improving agroecological environment, impels increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency, improves agricultural product quality and becomes current modern agricultural development problem demanding prompt solution.
It is the new technology economic model of current agricultural modernization sustainable development that precision agriculture is produced, and it is to integrate Spatial Information Technology and automatic control technology, and a kind of novel modern agricultural production form growing up on the basis of newest fruits.The variable operation technology of precision agriculture is in agricultural production operation by a series of high-technologies such as GPS (global positioning system), GIS (geographic information system), DSS (decission support system) and ICS (intelligence control system); it is according to the Spatial Difference of community, field soil nutrient and plant growth condition; rationally use the means of production such as fertilizer, seed, water and agricultural chemicals; in protection agroecological environment, protection land resources; in the time of Guarantee Grain Production safety, obtain maximum output and maximum economic benefit.Therefore to variable operation machinery production and key technology research thereof, be, to implement one of key technology of precision agriculture operation.
The research of demand of precision agriculture of variable rate Work machine product is the key factor of implementing modern agricultural production with producing.Enter 21 century, under the situation developing rapidly in a series of new and high technologies such as modern information technologies, biotechnology, engineerings, at present, Mei,Jia, Ao,Ying Deng state has related to the crop production such as wheat, corn, soybean, beet, potato at GPS and GIS (geographic information system) experimental study of agriculture field, in the developing country such as Brazilian, Malaysian, has also started Demonstration research.At western developed country, oneself forms the industry that a kind of new and high technology combines with agricultural production precision agriculture.
Summary of the invention
A kind of precision agriculture automatic/hand variable-rate fertilization based on virtual GPS provided by the invention, object is to solve under the inhomogeneous condition of farmland nutrient spatial distribution, by virtual GPS system, realize and by crop alimentary demand, soil being applied fertilizer as required, reach and reduce the object that drops into, increases the benefit and improve quality of agricultural product.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and accompanying drawings is as follows.
A kind of precision agriculture automatic/hand variable-rate fertilization based on virtual GPS comprises virtual GPS navigation system and variable deep-fertilizing precision seeder two parts, it is characterized in that described virtual GPS navigation system is separated with variable subsoil application sower, it comprises a set of differential Global Positioning System DGPS, geography information and field farming plot management system and the identification of farm work plot grid and control program, and the IC-card of the management of storage plot and variable fertilization decision information; Adjuster 2 inputs of described variable deep-fertilizing precision seeder are connected with tractor generators 1, and output is connected with storage battery 4; Electric power source distribution device 6 inputs are connected with storage battery 4, output and pulsqe distributor 7; Variable fertilization controller 5 inputs are connected with IC-card 3, velocity sensor 15 and electric power source distribution device 6; Output is connected with pulsqe distributor 7; Pulsqe distributor 7 outputs are connected with stepper motor 8; Stepper motor 8 drives fertilizer apparatus axles 14 by shaft joint 9, connects fertilizer delivering pipe and deep-fertilizing furrow opener 18 below fertilizer apparatus; Adjuster 2, IC-card 3, storage battery 4, variable fertilization controller 5, electric power source distribution device 6, pulsqe distributor 7 are arranged on tractor.Velocity sensor 15 is arranged on land wheel 12, and stepper motor 8 is arranged on Variable Rate Seeding Machine girder.
Described IC-card is made: before implementing variable fertilization operation, adopt DGPS receiver to measure plot profile, draw plot electronic chart, electronic chart is imported in geographic information system GIS, determine variable fertilization operation ground block size and form parameter, for every plot, need to determine width D and the length L of this plot operating unit grid, carry out the division of operating unit grid, then by operating unit, measure the soil nutrient in farming plot, set up the soil nutrient information database in this farming plot, according to it, survey native result and decision rule is carried out Fertilization Decision, obtain the decision-making fertilizing amount of each operating unit in this plot, operating unit code clerk and its corresponding fertilizing amount are write in Fertilization Decision IC-card.
Described variable deep-fertilizing precision seeder adopts single-chip computer control system control step motor speed, drives fertilizer element, and Fertilization Decision IC-card file is to take the text formatting that memory capacity is little.
Described variable deep-fertilizing precision seeder has automated manner and two kinds of working methods of manual mode, under automatic operation mode, according to the positional information at fertilizer distributor place and operating rate information, extract fertilizing amount output, realize combined seed and fertilizer drill and between advancing, complete variable fertilization operation; During manual work mode, the fertilizing amount that fertilizing amount is needed by key-press input by operator completes variable fertilization operation, employing is arranged on the angle one digital encoder test fertilizer distributor land wheel tach signal on land axle, calculate according to this fertilizer distributor active area, thereby determine the operating unit at fertilizer distributor operation place.
At the fertilizer distributor of farm work, when carrying out variable fertilization operation, by test fertilizer distributor operating rate, calculate the operating unit at the fertilizer distributor place, position of fertilizer distributor operation, according to the operating unit at fertilizer distributor place, extract fertilizing amount and carry out variable fertilization.In the requirement that both meets accurate agricultural variable fertilising operation, GPS receiver and differential signal receiving system on the workover rig in work have been saved simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 Fertilization Decision IC-card is made flow chart;
Control flow chart is implemented in Fig. 2 automatic/hand variable fertilization field;
Fig. 3 variable subsoil application machine overall arrangement figure;
Fig. 4 variable fertilization controller block diagram.
The element title indicating in Fig. 3 is as follows:
1, tractor generators; 2, adjuster; 3, IC-card; 4, storage battery; 5, variable fertilization controller; 6, electric power source distribution device; 7, pulsqe distributor; 8, stepper motor; 9, shaft coupling; 10, fertile case; 11, frame; 12, land wheel; 13, fertilizer apparatus, 14, fertilizer apparatus axle; 15, speed probe; 16, covering device; 17, precision seeder; 18, deep-fertilizing furrow opener; 19, hanger bracket.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, further illustrate particular content of the present invention and the course of work thereof.
Precision agriculture automatic/hand variable-rate fertilization implementation process based on virtual GPS: the operating unit grid that as required farming plot is divided into suitable size, in each operating unit, take nutrient content information in soil, crop demand is basis, according to nutrient balance and expertise, carry out Fertilization Decision, generate prescription map.During fertilising operation, by the operating rate of Real-time Obtaining workover rig, and the geographical position of computational tasks machine, according to fertilizer distributor place operating unit coding, extract Fertilization Decision information and the corresponding rotating speed of output stepper motor, the work of drive fertilizer apparatus, realizes variable fertilization amount and controls.The implementation process of concrete fertilising:
The first step: plot management is made with Fertilization Decision IC-card.Before implementing variable fertilization operation, adopt DGPS receiver to measure plot profile, draw plot electronic chart.Electronic chart is imported in geographic information system GIS, determine variable fertilization operation plot parameter ground block size and form parameter.For every plot, need to determine width ((D) and the length (L) of this plot operating unit grid, carry out the division of operating unit grid, then by operating unit, measure the soil nutrient in farming plot, set up the soil nutrient information database in this farming plot.According to it, survey native result and decision rule is carried out Fertilization Decision, obtain the decision-making fertilizing amount of each operating unit in this plot, operating unit code clerk and its corresponding fertilizing amount are write in Fertilization Decision IC-card (operating unit, fertilizing amount).Fertilization Decision IC-card manufacturing process is as shown in figure I.
Second step: farm work is implemented.Fertilizer distributor is after entering farming plot, fertilization controller reading speed sensor signal in each sampling period T, obtain machinery operation speed V, what calculating fertilizer distributor was passed by lies prone from S, by operation, apart from S and mechanical work fabric width B, calculates fertilizer distributor work area SXB.By distance and area, extrapolated the operating unit coding MN at fertilizer distributor place, then extract the fertilizing amount of answering of this operating unit, with this, control fertilizer apparatus output.Its flow process as shown in Figure 2.
In figure, V--fertilizer distributor operating rate (km/h);
The T--operating rate sampling period (s);
B--fertilizer distributor working width (m);
D--operating unit width (m);
L--operating unit length (m);
MN--operating unit name encoding, M--character type data, direction encoding between operating unit ridge, M=A, B, C, N--numeric type data, operating unit ridge length direction coding, N=1,2,3 ...
Plot parameter comprises x
0, y
0, p, q, s, t.(x wherein
0, y
0) be plot basic point as the two-dimensional position coordinate of the southwest corner in farming plot, p, q, s, t is the characterising parameter of operating unit shape.
The working method of fertilizer distributor has two kinds: automated manner and manual mode.Use " the working method change-over switch " of control panel soil to select.Automatic operation mode is according to the velocity information V and the plot parameter x that record
0, y
0, p, q, s, the position MN that t calculates fertilizer distributor extracts fertilizing amount output; During manual work mode, on controller panel, operational mode switch is allocated to " manually ", fertilizing amount is directly inputted from keyboard by manual button by operator.As need fertilising 300kg/hm
2, then on keyboard, input 300.Keyboard is used 4 * 4 thin film switch keyboards.Control program is directly passed to slave computer stepper motor umber of pulse.
Concrete structure of the present invention is illustrated by following implementation process and accompanying drawing.
The present invention includes adjuster 2, IC-card 3, storage battery 4, variable fertilization controller 5, electric power source distribution device 6, pulsqe distributor 7, stepper motor 8, shaft joint 9, velocity sensor 15 and variable subsoil application machine.Variable subsoil application machine comprises: fertile case 10, frame 11, land wheel 12, fertilizer apparatus 13, fertilizer apparatus axle 14, covering device 16, precision seeder 17, deep-fertilizing furrow opener 18, hanger bracket 19, precise seeder etc.Given plot parameter and Fertilization Decision data, by program calculative determination fertilizer distributor position, realize corn, Soybean and Other Crops automatic/hand variable subsoil application and precise sowing.
This invention adopts virtual GPS technology, realizes the accurate agricultural variable fertilising operation without GPS real-time navigation.It is characterized by: use in advance DGPS to carry out field plots management in conjunction with GIS, set up work plot soil nutrient information database; When fertilizer distributor carries out field fertilization operation, in the situation that GPS receiver and differential signal receiving system are not installed, also can realize fertilizer distributor positioning function, realize the variable fertilization operation of accurate agricultural.Thereby save CPS receiver and differential signal receiving system.
Claims (1)
1. the precision agriculture automatic/hand variable-rate fertilization based on virtual GPS, it is characterized in that comprising virtual GPS navigation system and variable deep-fertilizing precision seeder two parts, described virtual GPS navigation system is separated with variable subsoil application sower, it comprises a set of differential Global Positioning System DGPS, geography information and field farming plot management system and the identification of farm work plot grid and control program, and the IC-card of the management of storage plot and variable fertilization decision information; Adjuster 2 inputs of described variable deep-fertilizing precision seeder are connected with tractor generators 1, and output is connected with storage battery 4; Electric power source distribution device 6 inputs are connected with storage battery 4, output and pulsqe distributor 7; Variable fertilization controller 5 inputs are connected with IC-card 3, velocity sensor 15 and electric power source distribution device 6; Output is connected with pulsqe distributor 7; Pulsqe distributor 7 outputs are connected with stepper motor 8; Stepper motor 8 drives fertilizer apparatus axles 14 by shaft joint 9, connects fertilizer delivering pipe and deep-fertilizing furrow opener 18 below fertilizer apparatus; Adjuster 2, IC-card 3, storage battery 4, variable fertilization controller 5, electric power source distribution device 6, pulsqe distributor 7 are arranged on tractor; Velocity sensor 15 is arranged on land wheel 12, and stepper motor 8 is arranged on Variable Rate Seeding Machine girder.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103823371A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-28 | 无锡中科智能农业发展有限责任公司 | Neural network model-based agricultural precise fertilization system and fertilization method thereof |
| CN105766116A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-20 | 石河子大学 | Modifying agent quantity-changing applying and scattering system based on precision agriculture |
| CN107018733A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-08-08 | 贵州大学 | Located fertilization method and device without GPS location grid |
| CN107852925A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-30 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of precisely variable fertilization device |
| CN108812296A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-16 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of breeding of hybridized rice pollination vehicle installing intelligent navigation auxiliary system additional |
| CN110199629A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-06 | 河南牧业经济学院 | A kind of agricultural experiment automatic planting device |
| CN113330882A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-03 | 华中农业大学 | Rape variable rate fertilization device and method based on prescription chart |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103823371A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-28 | 无锡中科智能农业发展有限责任公司 | Neural network model-based agricultural precise fertilization system and fertilization method thereof |
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| CN107018733A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-08-08 | 贵州大学 | Located fertilization method and device without GPS location grid |
| CN107852925A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-30 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of precisely variable fertilization device |
| CN108812296A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-16 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of breeding of hybridized rice pollination vehicle installing intelligent navigation auxiliary system additional |
| CN110199629A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-06 | 河南牧业经济学院 | A kind of agricultural experiment automatic planting device |
| CN110199629B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-09-15 | 河南牧业经济学院 | Automatic planting device for farmland test |
| CN113330882A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-03 | 华中农业大学 | Rape variable rate fertilization device and method based on prescription chart |
| CN113330882B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2022-05-24 | 华中农业大学 | Rape variable rate fertilization device and method based on prescription chart |
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Application publication date: 20140205 |