CN110199629B

CN110199629B - Automatic planting device for farmland test

Info

Publication number: CN110199629B
Application number: CN201910590689.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱熙宁
Original assignee: Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
Current assignee: Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
Priority date: 2019-07-02
Filing date: 2019-07-02
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-02
Also published as: CN110199629A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to an automatic planting device for a farmland test, which comprises a rail, a rail car, an identification device and a control device, wherein the front end of the rail car is provided with a roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine, the inside of the rail car is provided with a seed and fertilizer transferring mechanism and a storage hopper moving mechanism, the working end of the storage hopper moving mechanism is provided with a plurality of seed and fertilizer storage hoppers, and the feeding end of the seed and fertilizer transferring mechanism is positioned right above the seed and fertilizer storage hoppers; the identification device comprises a card reading mechanism and identification codes, the card reading mechanism is fixedly arranged at the feeding end of the seed fertilizer moving mechanism, and the identification codes are adhered to each seed fertilizer storage hopper; the control device comprises an industrial host and a handheld terminal, the rail car, the seed fertilizer moving mechanism, the storage hopper moving mechanism and the card reading mechanism are all electrically connected with the industrial host, and the industrial host is in communication connection with the handheld terminal; the device can walk automatically, sow automatically, fertilize automatically to can put into different fertilizer and seed in every experimental field.

Description

Automatic planting device for farmland test

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to an automatic planting device for a farmland test.

Background

The field test is one of the most important methods for agricultural science research and is the most basic means for agricultural technological innovation.

However, the field test has many uncertainties, and is influenced by many environmental conditions, which easily results in inaccurate test data and even failure. Therefore, it is the most basic requirement for scientific research to keep the single difference of field tests as much as possible.

For fertilizer scientific research, valuable test data can be obtained only by ensuring that fertilizers in different test cells cannot be polluted mutually. The dry land plot experiment can separate the fertilizers in different plots by ditching or ridging among plots, and the single difference of fertilizer treatment is ensured.

Chinese patent CN104996193B discloses a paddy field fertilizer test field for preventing water and fertilizer from being mixed. The paddy field is surrounded by ridges, more than three repeated experimental areas are enclosed by the ridges in the paddy field, and adjacent repeated experimental areas are isolated by irrigation and drainage ditches; the inner wall of the ridge of each repeated experiment area is provided with a buckle plate, and each repeated experiment area is divided into more than two test cells with equal areas by more than one separating buckle plate; a water filling and draining port is formed in the side wall of the test cell at one side adjacent to the water filling and draining ditch; and a filling and draining door is inserted at the filling and draining water port. According to the invention, the PVC buckle plate is used for manufacturing the paddy field fertilizer test field, so that the manufacturing workload of the paddy field fertilizer test field is reduced; the land area for the test is saved; after the soil ridges are provided with the buckle plates, the mutual connection of fertilizer and water among test districts can be blocked, field animals are prevented from drilling through the soil ridges, and the accuracy of a fertilizer test is improved.

The test field is a field for agricultural tests and is used as a field for agricultural technicians to perform items such as variety comparison, fertilizer comparison, season comparison, pest control comparison and the like.

For the test fields disclosed in this patent and similar test fields, it is sometimes necessary for the operator to grow different crops in different test plots.

However, scientists do not have the experience and time to grow crops; farmers are difficult to communicate with scientists and often plant wrong places; the number of workers having both planting experience and scientific literacy is very rare, and the labor cost is extremely high.

There is a need for an apparatus that can automatically plant crops, thereby reducing labor costs.

Chinese patent CN106171208B discloses an automatic planter, which comprises a frame, a conveying device arranged on the frame for storing, transporting and conveying seedlings, a planting device for receiving the seedlings of the conveying device for planting, and a reinforcing device for covering soil and reinforcing the planted seedlings, wherein the conveying device conveys the seedlings to the planting device, the planting device plants the seedlings in soil and covers soil to the roots of the seedlings through the reinforcing device. Automatic planter simple structure, small in size, degree of automation are high, can accomplish whole planting process automatically to adopt the formula of cuting straightly to plant the mode and simplify the planting process, greatly improve the efficiency of planting, be fit for the planting of multiple plant, the range of application is wide. Meanwhile, the automatic planter is small in size, easy to steer and more flexible to move, and in addition, the automatic planter is driven by electric power, diesel oil is avoided being used as fuel, and the automatic planter is economical and environment-friendly.

The automatic planter that this patent was disclosed is not suitable for experimental field, and to the experimental field that the subregion set up, this planter can only plant same kind crops, can not distinguish by oneself.

There is a need for an automatic planter that can sort crops.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic planting device for a farmland test, which can automatically walk, automatically sow and automatically fertilize and can put different fertilizers and seeds into each test field.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the automatic planting device for the farmland test comprises a rail, a rail car, a recognition device and a control device, wherein the rail is erected between test fields, the rail car runs on the rail, a roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine is installed at the front end of the rail car, a seed and fertilizer box and a seed box are arranged on the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine, a seed and fertilizer moving mechanism and a storage hopper moving mechanism are installed inside the rail car, a plurality of seed and fertilizer storage hoppers are arranged at the working end of the storage hopper moving mechanism, the discharging ends of the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism are respectively communicated with the seed and fertilizer box, and the feeding end of the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism is positioned right above the seed and fertilizer storage hoppers;

the identification device comprises a card reading mechanism and identification codes, the card reading mechanism is fixedly arranged at the feeding end of the seed fertilizer moving mechanism, and the identification codes are adhered to each seed fertilizer storage hopper;

the control device comprises an industrial host and a handheld terminal, the industrial host is arranged inside the rail car, the seed fertilizer moving mechanism, the storage hopper moving mechanism and the card reading mechanism are all electrically connected with the industrial host, and the industrial host is in communication connection with the handheld terminal;

the track comprises longitudinal rails arranged between the test fields and a common line arranged outside the test fields, two adjacent longitudinal rails are a line, and two adjacent lines are communicated with the common line through turnouts;

the rail car comprises a support frame and a wheel pair which is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the support frame, the wheel pair is erected on a longitudinal rail, a power device for driving wheels to rotate is further arranged on the rail car, and the power device is in communication connection with an industrial host;

the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine comprises an electric sliding table and a support fixedly arranged at the working end of the electric sliding table, wherein the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine is fixedly connected with the support, the electric sliding table is fixedly arranged at the front end of a rail car, rigid connecting pipes, flexible connecting pipes, a vacuum pump and a linear driving mechanism are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the support, the discharge ends of the two rigid connecting pipes are respectively communicated with a fertilizer loading box and a seed loading box, the flexible connecting pipes are arranged at the feeding ends of the rigid connecting pipes, the flexible connecting pipes are vertically downwards arranged and suspended right above a seed and fertilizer storage hopper, the working end of the vacuum pump is communicated with the middle end of the rigid connecting pipe, the working end of the linear driving mechanism is vertically downwards arranged and fixedly connected with the working end of the;

the linear driving mechanism comprises a first linear driver, a cross bracket, a guide pillar, a guide sleeve and a flexible pipe clamp;

the flexible pipe clamp is sleeved and fixedly mounted on the flexible connecting pipe, the working end of the first linear driver is vertically and upwards arranged, the working end of the first linear driver is fixedly mounted with the cross-shaped bracket, four suspended ends of the cross-shaped bracket are fixedly mounted with guide pillars, the guide pillars are vertically and downwards arranged and penetrate through the bracket to be fixedly connected with the flexible pipe clamp, and the guide sleeves are sleeved on the guide pillars and are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide pillars;

the card reading mechanism comprises a second linear driver fixedly arranged on the bracket and a card reader fixedly arranged at the working end of the second linear driver, and the working directions of the second linear driver and the card reader are both vertically arranged downwards;

the storage hopper moving mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of roller chain wheels and a rotary driving mechanism, the roller chain wheels are rotatably arranged at the front end and the rear end of the rail car, the rotary driving mechanism drives the roller chain wheels to rotate, roller chains are arranged on each pair of roller chain wheels, each pair of roller chain wheels are in transmission connection through the roller chains, a plurality of accessories are arranged on the roller chains at equal intervals, connecting rods straddling two sides of the rail car are fixedly arranged on the accessories, and the seed fertilizer storage hopper is arranged between two adjacent roller chains and is fixedly arranged on the connecting rods;

the rotary driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, the servo motor is fixedly installed on the rail car, and an output shaft of the servo motor is in transmission connection with the roller chain wheel through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism.

As an experimental automatic planting device's of farmland a preferred scheme, the fertile storage hopper of kind is including storage hopper, connecting piece and balancing weight, and the connecting piece is rotatably installed on the connecting rod, and storage hopper and balancing weight set up respectively in the both sides of connecting piece, and storage hopper and balancing weight are the same, and the identification code is pasted on the top of every balancing weight.

As an automatic planting device's for farmland test preferred scheme, storage hopper moving mechanism is still including the operation panel of fixed mounting at the railcar afterbody, and the operation panel is connected with the servo motor communication.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

when seeds or fertilizers are put into the seed and fertilizer storage hopper:

the scientific research personnel operate the rotary driving mechanism to work through the operating platform, the rotary driving mechanism drives the roller chain wheel to rotate, so that the roller chain drives the connecting rod to circularly move, each row of seed fertilizer storage hoppers can move from the front end of the rail car to the rear end of the rail car through the storage hopper moving mechanism, and then move from the rear end of the rail car to the front end of the rail car, so that each row of seed fertilizer storage hoppers can move to the side of the scientific research personnel, when the scientific research personnel place seeds or fertilizers into the seed fertilizer storage hoppers, the identification codes are required to be scanned through the handheld terminal, and then the types, the quantities and the batches of the seeds or the fertilizers corresponding to the identification codes are input to the industrial host through the handheld terminal;

then scientific research personnel formulate a planting plan according to the planning of the test field, then input the planting plan into an industrial host, the industrial host controls the rail car, the seed fertilizer moving mechanism, the storage hopper moving mechanism, the seed fertilizer storage hopper and the identification device to work according to a preset program, the roller seed fertilizer sowing machine respectively sucks fertilizer and seeds from the fertilizer loading box and the seed loading box and puts the fertilizer and the seeds into the test field, and different test fields need to put different seeds and fertilizers;

when fertilizer and seeds are supplemented into the fertilizer containing box and the seed containing box:

the rail car moves to a test field according to a preset program, then the storage hopper moving mechanism moves the corresponding seed fertilizer storage hopper to be right below the feeding end of the seed fertilizer moving mechanism, and the seed fertilizer moving mechanism identifies the identification code through the card reading mechanism;

when the card reader mechanism reads the identification code to display that seeds are implanted in the fertilizer storage hopper, the electric sliding table drives the flexible connecting pipe corresponding to the seed loading box to move to the position right above the fertilizer storage hopper, otherwise, the electric sliding table drives the flexible connecting pipe corresponding to the fertilizer loading box to move to the position right above the fertilizer storage hopper;

then the working end of the flexible connecting pipe is driven by the linear driving mechanism to move downwards and cover the discharging end of the seed and fertilizer storage hopper, the vacuum pump is used for pumping air in the rigid connecting pipe, so that vacuum is generated in the rigid connecting pipe, and the fertilizer or seeds stored in the seed and fertilizer storage hopper are sucked into the flexible connecting pipe in a vacuum manner and enter a fertilizer loading box or a seed loading box along the rigid connecting pipe;

the electric sliding table drives the support and the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine to move left and right, so that the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine can sow different places for fertilization, and the electric sliding table can drive the flexible connecting pipe to move left and right, so that the flexible connecting pipe can be aligned to each seed and fertilizer storage hopper in the same row of seed and fertilizer storage hoppers;

the rail car then begins to move and fertilize and seed through the roller fertilizer planter.

1. The device can automatically walk, automatically sow and automatically fertilize;

2. the device can put different fertilizers and seeds in each test field.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic planting device for farmland tests according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an automatic planting device for a field test according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the internal structure of an automatic planting device for a field test according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a first perspective view showing the internal structure of an automatic planting device for farmland tests according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the internal structure of an automatic planting device for farmland tests according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at A;

FIG. 7 is a first perspective view of a seed, fertilizer and fertilizer feeding mechanism of the automatic planting device for farmland tests according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second perspective view of a seed, fertilizer and fertilizer feeding mechanism of the automatic planting device for farm tests according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a storage hopper moving mechanism of an automatic planting device for a farmland test according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 9 at B;

FIG. 11 is a top view of a storage hopper moving mechanism of an automatic planting device for farm tests according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 11 at C;

in the figure:

1. a track;

2. a rail car; 2a, a support frame; 2a1, six-edged shaft support; 2a2, bearings; 2a3, hexagonal shaft; 2b, wheel pairs; 2c, a power device;

3. a wheel type seed and fertilizer sowing machine; 3a, loading a fertilizer box; 3b, loading a seed box;

4. a seed fertilizer moving mechanism; 4a, an electric sliding table; 4b, a bracket; 4c, a rigid connecting pipe; 4d, a flexible connecting pipe; 4e, a vacuum pump; 4f, a linear driving mechanism; 4f1, a first linear driver; 4f2, cross brace; 4f3, guide posts; 4f4, guide sleeve; 4f5, a flexible tube clamp;

5. a storage hopper moving mechanism; 5a, a roller sprocket; 5b, a roller chain; 5b1, accessories; 5c, a connecting rod; 5d, a rotation driving mechanism; 5d1, servo motor; 5d2, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism; 5f, an operation table;

6. a seed fertilizer storage hopper; 6a, a storage hopper; 6b, connecting pieces; 6c, a balancing weight;

7. an identification device; 7a, a card reading mechanism; 7a1, second linear drive; 7a2, RFID card reader; 7b, identification code.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" or the like, if appearing to indicate a connection relationship between the components, is to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixed or detachable or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other components or may be in an interactive relationship with one another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, an automatic planting device for farmland tests comprises a track 1, a rail car 2, an identification device 7 and a control device, wherein the track 1 is erected between test fields, the rail car 2 runs on the track 1, a roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 is installed at the front end of the rail car 2, a seed loading box 3a and a seed loading box 3b are arranged on the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3, a seed and fertilizer moving mechanism 4 and a storage hopper moving mechanism 5 are installed inside the rail car 2, a plurality of seed and fertilizer storage hoppers 6 are arranged at the working end of the storage hopper moving mechanism 5, the discharge ends of the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism 4 are respectively communicated with the seed loading box 3a and the seed loading box 3b, and the feed ends of the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism 4 are positioned right above the seed and fertilizer storage hoppers 6;

the identification device 7 comprises a card reading mechanism 7a and identification codes 7b, the card reading mechanism 7a is fixedly arranged at the feeding end of the seed fertilizer moving mechanism 4, and the identification codes 7b are adhered to each seed fertilizer storage hopper 6;

the control device comprises an industrial host and a handheld terminal, the industrial host is installed inside the rail car 2, the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism 4, the storage hopper moving mechanism 5 and the card reading mechanism 7a are all electrically connected with the industrial host, and the industrial host is in communication connection with the handheld terminal.

The industrial host and the handheld terminal are connected through Bluetooth communication, different seeds and fertilizers are placed in each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 by scientific research personnel, the identification code 7b is scanned by the scientific research personnel through the handheld terminal every time the seeds or fertilizers are placed in the seed and fertilizer storage hoppers, and then the type, the quantity and the batch of the seeds or the fertilizers corresponding to the identification code 7b are input into the industrial host through the handheld terminal;

then scientific researchers make a planting plan according to the planning of the test field, then input the planting plan into an industrial host, the industrial host controls the rail car 2, the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism 4, the storage hopper moving mechanism 5, the seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 and the identification device 7 to work according to a preset program, the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 is a common wheel type sowing machine in the market, the working principle can refer to a hand-push type roller sowing machine disclosed in Chinese patent CN207011244U, and the description is not repeated here;

the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 respectively sucks fertilizer and seeds from the fertilizer loading box 3a and the seed loading box 3b and puts the fertilizer and the seeds into test fields, and different test fields need to put different seeds and fertilizers;

railcar 2 moves to a test field according to predetermineeing the procedure on, storage hopper moving mechanism 5 removes corresponding seed manure storage hopper 6 to under the pan feeding end of seed manure shifting mechanism 4 afterwards, seed manure shifting mechanism 4 discerns identification code 7b through reading card mechanism 7a, judge whether what put into in the seed manure storage hopper 6 is the required seed or fertilizer of this test field, if yes, then seed manure shifting mechanism 4 immigrates the seed or fertilizer in the seed manure storage hopper 6 to inside loading seed case 3b and loading case 3a respectively, railcar 2 begins to remove afterwards and fertilizes and sow through gyro wheel seed manure seeder 3.

The track 1 comprises longitudinal rails arranged between the test fields and a common line arranged outside the test fields, two adjacent longitudinal rails are one line, and two adjacent lines are communicated with the common line through turnouts.

The rail car 2 moves through a line formed by two adjacent longitudinal rails, when the rail car 2 needs to move to other longitudinal test fields, the rail car 2 moves to a shared line through a turnout and then moves to an adjacent line through the turnout again.

The rail car 2 comprises a support frame 2a and a wheel pair 2b rotatably mounted at the bottom of the support frame 2a, the wheel pair 2b is erected on a longitudinal rail, a power device 2c for driving the wheel pair 2b to rotate is further mounted on the rail car 2, and the power device 2c is in communication connection with an industrial host.

The industrial host sends a signal to the power device 2c according to a preset program, and the power device 2c drives the wheel pair 2b to roll or roll back, so that the rail car 2 can move forward or backward on the line.

Comprises an electric sliding table 4a and a bracket 4b fixedly arranged at the working end of the electric sliding table 4a, a roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 is fixedly connected with the bracket 4b, the electric sliding table 4a is fixedly arranged at the front end of a track car 2, rigid connecting pipes 4c and flexible connecting pipes 4d are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the bracket 4b, vacuum pump 4e and sharp actuating mechanism 4f, two rigid connection pipe 4 c's discharge end communicate with dress fertile case 3a and dress seed case 3b respectively, the pan feeding end at rigid connection pipe 4c is installed to flexible connection pipe 4d, the vertical downward setting of flexible connection pipe 4d is unsettled directly over seed manure storage hopper 6, vacuum pump 4 e's work end and rigid connection pipe 4 c's middle-end intercommunication, the vertical downward setting of linear actuating mechanism 4 f's work end and with flexible connection pipe 4 d's work end fixed connection, vacuum pump 4 e's input end fixed mounting has the filtration handkerchief.

The rigid connecting pipe 4c, the flexible connecting pipe 4d, the vacuum pump 4e and the linear driving mechanism 4f which are symmetrical to each other are arranged on two sides of the bracket 4b, the linear driving mechanism 4f is used for driving the working end of the flexible connecting pipe 4d to move downwards and cover the discharging end of the seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6, the vacuum pump 4e is used for pumping air inside the rigid connecting pipe 4c, so that vacuum is generated inside the rigid connecting pipe 4c, and fertilizer or seeds stored in the seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 are sucked into the flexible connecting pipe 4d in a vacuum mode and enter the fertilizer containing box 3a or the seed containing box 3b along the rigid connecting pipe 4 c;

the HEPA is filtered, so that the seeds or the fertilizer stay at the input end of the vacuum pump 4e, and the seeds or the fertilizer move to the fertilizer containing box 3a or the fertilizer containing box 3b along the rigid connecting pipe 4c under the action of gravity after the vacuum pump 4e stops working, so that the seeds or the fertilizer are prevented from entering the vacuum pump 4 e;

the electric sliding table 4a is a ball screw sliding table, the electric sliding table 4a is used for driving the support 4b and the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 to move left and right, so that the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 can sow different places for fertilization, and meanwhile, the electric sliding table 4a can also drive the flexible connecting pipe 4d to move left and right, so that the flexible connecting pipe 4d can be aligned to each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 in the same seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6;

when the card reader mechanism 7a reads the identification code 7b to indicate that seeds are put into the fertilizer storage hopper 6, the electric sliding table 4a drives the flexible connecting pipe 4d corresponding to the seed loading box 3b to move to the position right above the fertilizer storage hopper 6, otherwise, when fertilizers are put into the fertilizer storage hopper 6, the electric sliding table 4a drives the flexible connecting pipe 4d corresponding to the fertilizer loading box 3a to move to the position right above the fertilizer storage hopper 6.

The linear driving mechanism 4f comprises a first linear driver 4f1, a cross bracket 4f2, a guide post 4f3, a guide sleeve 4f4 and a flexible pipe clamp 4f 5;

the first linear driver 4f1 and the guide sleeve 4f4 are fixedly installed on the support 4b, the flexible pipe clamp 4f5 is sleeved and fixedly installed on the flexible connecting pipe 4d, the working end of the first linear driver 4f1 is vertically arranged upwards, the working end of the first linear driver 4f1 is fixedly installed with the cross support 4f2, four suspended ends of the cross support 4f2 are fixedly installed with guide columns 4f3, the guide columns 4f3 are vertically arranged downwards and penetrate through the support 4b to be fixedly connected with the flexible pipe clamp 4f5, and the guide sleeve 4f4 is sleeved on the guide columns 4f3 and corresponds to each guide column 4f3 one by one.

The first linear driver 4f1 is a single-shaft single-rod cylinder, the guide pillar 4f3 and the guide sleeve 4f4 are combined to form a guide mechanism for guiding the flexible pipe clamp 4f5 to vertically lift, the first linear driver 4f1 drives the guide pillar 4f3 to vertically lift through the cross bracket 4f2, so that the flexible pipe clamp 4f5 is driven to vertically lift, the working end of the flexible connecting pipe 4d is vertically lifted, and the flexible connecting pipe 4d is covered at the discharging end of the seed fertilizer storage hopper 6 or separated from the seed fertilizer storage hopper 6.

The card reading mechanism 7a comprises a second linear driver 7a1 fixedly arranged on the bracket 4b and a card reader 7a2 fixedly arranged at the working end of the second linear driver 7a1, and the working directions of the second linear driver 7a1 and the card reader 7a2 are both vertically arranged downwards.

The second linear actuator 7a1 is a two-axis two-rod cylinder, and when the card reader 7a is required to read the information of the identification code 7b, the second linear actuator 7a1 drives the card reader 7a2 to move downward and close to the identification code 7b, so that the second linear actuator 7a1 can read the information on the identification code 7 b.

The storage hopper moving mechanism 5 comprises a plurality of pairs of roller chain wheels 5a and a rotary driving mechanism 5d, wherein the roller chain wheels 5a are rotatably arranged at the front end and the rear end of the rail car 2, the rotary driving mechanism 5d drives the roller chain wheels 5a to rotate, each pair of roller chain wheels 5a are respectively provided with a roller chain 5b, each pair of roller chain wheels 5a are in transmission connection through the roller chain 5b, the roller chains 5b are respectively provided with a plurality of accessories 5b1 at equal intervals, the accessories 5b1 are fixedly provided with connecting rods 5c straddling two sides of the rail car 2, and the seed fertilizer storage hopper 6 is arranged between two adjacent roller chains 5b and is fixedly arranged on the connecting rods 5 c.

Six-edge shaft brackets 2a1 are arranged on two sides of the front end and the rear end of the support frame 2a, a bearing 2a2 is mounted on the six-edge shaft bracket 2a1, a six-edge shaft 2a3 straddling the six-edge shaft bracket 2a1 is mounted in the bearing 2a2, and a plurality of pairs of roller chain wheels 5a are mounted on the six-edge shaft 2a3, so that the roller chain wheels 5a can be rotatably mounted at the front end and the rear end of the rail car 2;

a seed fertilizer storage hopper 6 arranged on each connecting rod 5c is arranged between two adjacent roller chains 5b, so that the seed fertilizer storage hoppers 6 are fully distributed on the roller chain circulating working surface formed by combining the roller chain wheel 5a, the roller chains 5b and the connecting rods 5 c;

the roller chain wheel 5a is driven to rotate by the rotary driving mechanism 5d, so that the roller chain 5b drives the connecting rod 5c to circularly move, and each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 can move from the front end of the railcar 2 to the rear end of the railcar 2 through the storage hopper moving mechanism 5 and then move from the rear end of the railcar 2 to the front end of the railcar 2;

thereby each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 can move to the right lower part of the flexible connecting pipe 4 d.

The rotary driving mechanism 5d comprises a servo motor 5d1 and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism 5d2, the servo motor 5d1 is fixedly arranged on the rail car 2, and an output shaft of the servo motor 5d1 is in transmission connection with the roller chain wheel 5a through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism 5d 2.

The synchronous belt transmission mechanism 5d2 comprises two synchronous pulleys fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor 5d1 and the hexagonal shaft 2a3 and a V-shaped belt connected with the two synchronous pulleys, and the servo motor 5d1 drives the two synchronous pulleys to synchronously rotate through the V-shaped belt so as to drive the roller chain wheel 5a to rotate.

Seed manure storage hopper 6 is including storage hopper 6a, connecting piece 6b and balancing weight 6c, and connecting piece 6b rotatably installs on connecting rod 5c, and storage hopper 6a and balancing weight 6c set up respectively in the both sides of connecting piece 6b, and storage hopper 6a is the same with balancing weight 6c weight, and identification code 7b pastes the top at every balancing weight 6 c.

Storage hopper 6a and balancing weight 6c pass through connecting piece 6b and rotatably install on connecting rod 5c, and storage hopper 6a is the same with balancing weight 6c weight simultaneously to make storage hopper 6a keep opening up on connecting rod 5c, be convenient for flexible connecting pipe 4d shroud on storage hopper 6 a.

The storage hopper moving mechanism 5 further comprises an operating platform 5f fixedly installed at the tail of the rail car 2, and the operating platform 5f is in communication connection with a servo motor 5d 1.

The scientific research personnel operate the servo motor 5d1 to work through the operation desk 5f, and the servo motor 5d1 drives each seed and fertilizer discharging storage hopper 6 to move to the rear end of the rail car 2, so that the scientific research personnel can conveniently place filling seeds or fertilizers into each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

when seeds or fertilizers are put into the seed fertilizer storage hopper 6:

a scientific research worker operates the rotary driving mechanism 5d to work through the operating platform 5f, the rotary driving mechanism 5d drives the roller chain wheel 5a to rotate, so that the roller chain 5b drives the connecting rod 5c to circularly move, each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 can move from the front end of the rail car 2 to the rear end of the rail car 2 through the storage hopper moving mechanism 5 and then move from the rear end of the rail car 2 to the front end of the rail car 2, each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 can move to the side of the scientific research worker, when the scientific research worker puts seeds or fertilizers into the seed and fertilizer storage hoppers 6, the identification codes 7b are scanned through a handheld terminal, and then the type, the quantity and the batch of the seeds or the fertilizers corresponding to the identification codes 7b are input to an industrial host through the handheld terminal;

then scientific researchers make a planting plan according to the planning of the test fields, then input the planting plan into an industrial host, the industrial host controls the rail car 2, the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism 4, the storage hopper moving mechanism 5, the seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 and the recognition device 7 to work according to a preset program, the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 respectively sucks fertilizer and seeds from the fertilizer loading box 3a and the seed loading box 3b and puts the fertilizer and seeds into the test fields, and different test fields need to put different seeds and fertilizers;

when fertilizer and seeds are supplemented into the fertilizer loading box 3a and the seed loading box 3 b:

the rail car 2 moves to a test field according to a preset program, then the storage hopper moving mechanism 5 moves the corresponding seed fertilizer storage hopper 6 to a position right below a feeding end of the seed fertilizer moving mechanism 4, and the seed fertilizer moving mechanism 4 identifies the identification code 7b through the card reading mechanism 7 a;

when the card reader mechanism 7a reads the identification code 7b to indicate that seeds are implanted in the fertilizer storage hopper 6, the electric sliding table 4a drives the flexible connecting pipe 4d corresponding to the seed loading box 3b to move to the position right above the fertilizer storage hopper 6, otherwise, the electric sliding table 4a drives the flexible connecting pipe 4d corresponding to the fertilizer loading box 3a to move to the position right above the fertilizer storage hopper 6;

then the linear driving mechanism 4f drives the working end of the flexible connecting pipe 4d to move downwards and cover the discharging end of the seed fertilizer storage hopper 6, and the vacuum pump 4e is used for pumping out air in the rigid connecting pipe 4c to generate vacuum in the rigid connecting pipe 4c, so that fertilizer or seeds stored in the seed fertilizer storage hopper 6 are sucked into the flexible connecting pipe 4d in a vacuum manner and enter the fertilizer containing box 3a or the seed containing box 3b along the rigid connecting pipe 4 c;

the electric sliding table 4a drives the support 4b and the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 to move left and right, so that the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine 3 can sow different places for fertilization, and meanwhile, the electric sliding table 4a can drive the flexible connecting pipe 4d to move left and right, so that the flexible connecting pipe 4d can be aligned to each seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6 in the same seed and fertilizer storage hopper 6;

the rail car 2 then starts moving and fertilizing and sowing are carried out by the roller fertilizer sowing machine 3.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and the technical principles applied thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, such variations are within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.

Claims

1. An automatic planting device for farmland tests, which is characterized by comprising a track (1) and a rail car (2), the device comprises an identification device (7) and a control device, wherein a track (1) is erected between test fields, a rail car (2) runs on the track (1), a roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine (3) is installed at the front end of the rail car (2), a fertilizer loading box (3a) and a seed loading box (3b) are arranged on the roller seed and fertilizer sowing machine (3), a seed and fertilizer moving mechanism (4) and a storage hopper moving mechanism (5) are installed inside the rail car (2), a plurality of seed and fertilizer storage hoppers (6) are arranged at the working end of the storage hopper moving mechanism (5), the discharging ends of the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism (4) are respectively communicated with the fertilizer loading box (3a) and the seed loading box (3b), and the feeding ends of the seed and fertilizer moving mechanism (4) are positioned right above the seed and fertilizer hoppers (6);

the identification device (7) comprises a card reading mechanism (7a) and identification codes (7b), the card reading mechanism (7a) is fixedly arranged at the feeding end of the seed fertilizer moving mechanism (4), and the identification codes (7b) are adhered to each seed fertilizer storage hopper (6);

the control device comprises an industrial host and a handheld terminal, the industrial host is arranged inside the rail car (2), the seed and fertilizer transferring mechanism (4), the storage hopper moving mechanism (5) and the card reading mechanism (7a) are all electrically connected with the industrial host, and the industrial host is in communication connection with the handheld terminal;

the track (1) comprises longitudinal rails arranged between the test fields and a common line arranged outside the test fields, two adjacent longitudinal rails are a line, and two adjacent lines are communicated with the common line through turnouts;

the rail car (2) comprises a support frame (2a) and a wheel pair (2b) rotatably mounted at the bottom of the support frame (2a), the wheel pair (2b) is erected on a longitudinal rail, a power device (2c) for driving the wheel pair (2b) to rotate is further mounted on the rail car (2), and the power device (2c) is in communication connection with an industrial host;

including electronic slip table (4a) and fixed mounting in support (4b) of electronic slip table (4a) work end, gyro wheel seed manure seeder (3) and support (4b) fixed connection, electronic slip table (4a) fixed mounting is in the front end of railcar (2), rigid connection pipe (4c) are installed to the bilateral symmetry of support (4b), flexible connection pipe (4d), vacuum pump (4e) and linear drive mechanism (4f), the discharge end of two rigid connection pipe (4c) communicates with dress fertile case (3a) and dress seed case (3b) respectively, the pan feeding end at rigid connection pipe (4c) is installed to flexible connection pipe (4d), flexible connection pipe (4d) set up and unsettled directly over seed manure storage hopper (6) vertically downwards, the work end of vacuum pump (4e) communicates with the middle-end of rigid connection pipe (4c), the work end of linear drive mechanism (4f) sets up and with the flexible connection pipe (4d) vertically downwards The working end is fixedly connected, and the input end of the vacuum pump (4e) is fixedly provided with a filter HEPA;

the linear driving mechanism (4f) comprises a first linear driver (4f1), a cross bracket (4f2), a guide post (4f3), a guide sleeve (4f4) and a flexible pipe clamp (4f 5);

the first linear driver (4f1) and the guide sleeves (4f4) are fixedly installed on the support (4b), the flexible pipe clamp (4f5) is sleeved and fixedly installed on the flexible connecting pipe (4d), the working end of the first linear driver (4f1) is vertically arranged upwards, the working end of the first linear driver (4f1) is fixedly installed with a cross support (4f2), four suspended ends of the cross support (4f2) are fixedly installed with guide columns (4f3), the guide columns (4f3) are vertically arranged downwards and penetrate through the support (4b) to be fixedly connected with the flexible pipe clamp (4f5), and the guide sleeves (4f4) are sleeved on the guide columns (4f3) and correspond to the guide columns (4f3) one by one;

the card reading mechanism (7a) comprises a second linear driver (7a1) fixedly mounted on the bracket (4b) and a card reader (7a2) fixedly mounted at the working end of the second linear driver (7a1), and the working directions of the second linear driver (7a1) and the card reader (7a2) are both vertically arranged downwards;

the storage hopper moving mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of pairs of roller chain wheels (5a) and a rotary driving mechanism (5d), wherein the roller chain wheels (5a) are rotatably arranged at the front end and the rear end of the rail car (2), the rotary driving mechanism (5d) drives the roller chain wheels (5a) to rotate, each pair of roller chain wheels (5a) are respectively provided with a roller chain (5b), each pair of roller chain wheels (5a) are in transmission connection through the roller chain (5b), the roller chains (5b) are provided with a plurality of accessories (5b1) at equal intervals, the accessories (5b1) are fixedly provided with connecting rods (5c) straddling two sides of the rail car (2), and the seed fertilizer storage hoppers (6) are arranged between two adjacent roller chains (5b) and are fixedly arranged on the connecting rods (5 c;

the rotary driving mechanism (5d) comprises a servo motor (5d1) and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism (5d2), the servo motor (5d1) is fixedly installed on the rail car (2), and an output shaft of the servo motor (5d1) is in transmission connection with the roller chain wheel (5a) through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism (5d 2).

2. The automatic planting device for the farmland test as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seed fertilizer storage hopper (6) comprises a storage hopper (6a), a connecting piece (6b) and a balancing weight (6c), the connecting piece (6b) is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod (5c), the storage hopper (6a) and the balancing weight (6c) are respectively arranged at two sides of the connecting piece (6b), the storage hopper (6a) and the balancing weight (6c) have the same weight, and the identification code (7b) is adhered to the top end of each balancing weight (6 c).

3. The automatic planting device for the farmland test as claimed in claim 2, wherein the storage hopper moving mechanism (5) further comprises an operation table (5f) fixedly installed at the tail of the rail car (2), and the operation table (5f) is in communication connection with the servo motor (5d 1).