CN103543488A - 导光板、发光单元以及具有该发光单元的液晶显示元件 - Google Patents
导光板、发光单元以及具有该发光单元的液晶显示元件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103543488A CN103543488A CN201310276393.4A CN201310276393A CN103543488A CN 103543488 A CN103543488 A CN 103543488A CN 201310276393 A CN201310276393 A CN 201310276393A CN 103543488 A CN103543488 A CN 103543488A
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- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical group CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical group CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATZHWSYYKQKSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C ATZHWSYYKQKSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
- G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
- G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0045—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
- G02B6/0046—Tapered light guide, e.g. wedge-shaped light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
Abstract
本发明是有关一种导光板、具有此导光板的发光单元以及具有此发光单元的液晶显示元件。前述的导光板包含一导光层,其中导光层是使用一图案形成用油墨组合物经涂布及干燥处理后,而于导光板底面形成网点图案。上述的图案形成用油墨组合物包含丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)、黄色颜料(B)、填充材(C)以及溶剂(D)。使用上述导光板可制得高辉度及低色温的液晶显示元件。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关于一种导光板、具有该导光板的发光单元以及具有该发光单元的液晶显示元件,且特别是有关于一种提供高辉度及低色温的导光板、具有该导光板的发光单元以及具有该发光单元的液晶显示元件。
背景技术
液晶显示元件广泛应用于个人计算机、电视、可携式电话等的显示装置中,由于其本身并非发光体,因此必须设置称为背光(backlight)的面光源照射光线以显示影像。近几年来,为应用于轻量化及小型化的笔记型计算机等的薄型液晶显示器,多采用于导光板的一端配置光源,并经由全反射将光线传至远程而形成面光源的侧光型(side light)背光,而不使用于光源前方设置反射板的直下型背光。
上述侧光型背光中,由于自光源发出的光线于导光板中经数次反射后将逐渐衰减,使得光的利用率大幅损失,故与光源发出的全体光量相比较,实际上于导光板内可利用的光量有一定的限制。日本特开平10-170724、日本特开2004-327204及日本特开2008-95103揭示了各种提升导光板内光的利用率的改善方式,并可制得高辉度的液晶显示元件,然而,于使用时却有色温过高的问题的产生,造成光线刺眼,降低画面的舒适度。因此,如何降低色温并维持高辉度,已成为本技术领域中的一重要课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种导光板,可以基本上改善已知的导光板色温过高、光线刺眼、画面舒适度不佳等缺点。
因此,本发明的一个方面是提供一种导光板,其包含入射光线的入光面、出射光线的出光面及相对于出光面的底面,其中底面具有一导光层,导光层是使用一图案形成用油墨组合物经涂布及干燥处理后,而于导光板底面形成网点图案。上述的图案形成用油墨组合物包含丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)、黄色颜料(B)、填充材(C)以及溶剂(D)。
本发明的另一方面是提供一种发光单元,其包含上述的导光板以及与导光板侧向结合的发光源。
本发明的又一方面是提供一种液晶显示元件,其包含上述的发光单元及设置于导光板的出光面上方的液晶面板,以提供高辉度及低色温的液晶显示元件。
关于本发明的导光层、导光板、发光单元及液晶显示元件的结构及其制作方法,兹分述如下。
导光层
本发明的导光层是利用喷墨(inkjet)、网印(screen printing)或转印(imprint)等方式,将图案形成用油墨组合物形成于导光板的底面上,经干燥后于导光板底面形成网点图案,作为导光层。
上述的图案形成用油墨组合物包含丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)、黄色颜料(B)、填充材(C)以及溶剂(D),以下依序阐述之。
图案形成用油墨组合物
丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)
本发明的图案形成用油墨组合物所使用的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)可例如由下述乙烯性不饱和单体聚合而成,其具体例如:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丁烯酸、α-氯丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸、肉桂酸、马来酸、马来酸酐、富马酸、衣康酸、衣康酸酐、柠康酸、柠康酸酐等的不饱和羧酸(酐)类;苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯、对氯苯乙烯、甲氧基苯乙烯等的芳香族乙烯基化合物;N-苯基马来酰亚胺、N-邻-羟基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-间-羟基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-对-羟基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-邻-甲基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-间-甲基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-对-甲基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-邻-甲氧基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-间-甲氧基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-对-甲氧基苯基马来酰亚胺、N-环己基马来酰亚胺等马来酰亚胺类;丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸异丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸仲丁酯、甲基丙烯酸仲丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸-2-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基丙酯、丙烯酸-3-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-3-羟基丙酯、丙烯酸-2-羟基丁酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸-3-羟基丁酯、甲基丙烯酸-3-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸-4-羟基丁酯、甲基丙烯酸-4-羟基丁酯、丙烯酸烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯、丙烯酸苯甲酯、甲基丙烯酸苯甲酯、丙烯酸苯酯、甲基丙烯酸苯酯、丙烯酸三乙二醇甲氧酯(methoxy triethylene glycol acrylate)、甲基丙烯酸三乙二醇甲氧酯(methoxy triethylene glycol methacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯(lauryl methacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸十四烷基酯(tertadecylmethacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸十六烷基酯(cetyl methacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯(octadecylmethacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸二十烷基酯(eicosyl methacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸二十二烷基酯(docosyl methacrylate)等的不饱和羧酸酯类;丙烯酸-2-氨乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-氨乙酯、丙烯酸-2-氨丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-氨丙酯、丙烯酸-3-氨丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-3-氨丙酯等不饱和羧酸氨烷酯类;丙烯酸环氧丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸环氧丙基酯等不饱和羧酸环氧丙基酯类;乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯等的羧酸乙烯酯类;乙烯基甲醚、乙烯基乙醚、烯丙基环氧丙基醚、甲代烯丙基环氧丙基醚等不饱和醚类;丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、α-氯丙烯腈、氰化亚乙烯等的氰化乙烯基化合物;丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、α-氯丙烯酰胺、N-羟乙基丙烯酰胺、N-羟乙基甲基丙烯酰胺等的不饱和酰胺;1,3-丁二烯、异丙烯、氯丙烯等的脂肪族共轭二烯类。上述乙烯性不饱和单体可以单独一种使用或者混合多种使用。其中,以丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、苯乙烯、N-苯基马来酰亚胺、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸苯甲酯、甲基丙烯酸苯甲酯等为较佳。
本发明的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)可利用各种已知的混合机或分散机将乙烯性不饱和单体均匀混合,并添加0.01wt%至3wt%的聚合引发剂于常温下聚合而得,并可视需要使用有机溶剂。
上述使用的聚合引发剂,其具体例如:过氧化苯甲酰等的过氧化物、偶氮二异丁腈[2,2’-azobis(isobutyronitrile);简称AIBN]、偶氮二异戊腈[2,2’-azobis(methylbutyronitrile);简称AMBN]等的偶氮化合物等。
上述使用的有机溶剂需选用较易和其它有机成分互相溶解者,其具体例如:乙二醇单甲基醚、乙二醇单乙基醚、二乙二醇单乙基醚、二乙二醇单正丙基醚、二乙二醇单正丁基醚、三乙二醇单甲基醚、三乙二醇单乙基醚、丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单乙基醚、二丙二醇单甲基醚、二丙二醇单乙基醚、二丙二醇单正丙基醚、二丙二醇单正丁基醚、三丙二醇单甲基醚、三丙二醇单乙基醚等的(聚)亚烷基二醇单烷醚类;乙二醇单甲基醚醋酸酯、乙二醇单乙基醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单甲基醚醋酸酯、丙二醇单乙基醚醋酸酯等的(聚)亚烷基二醇单烷醚醋酸酯类;二乙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基乙基醚、二乙二醇二乙基醚、四氢呋喃等的其它醚类;甲乙酮、环己酮、2-庚酮、3-庚酮等的酮类;2-羟基丙酸甲酯、2-羟基丙酸乙酯(乳酸乙酯)等乳酸烷酯类;2-羟基-2-甲基丙酸甲酯、2-羟基-2-甲基丙酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基醋酸乙酯、羟基醋酸乙酯、2-羟基-3-甲基丁酸甲酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基丙酸酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸正丙酯、醋酸异丙酯、醋酸正丁酯、醋酸异丁酯、醋酸正戊酯、醋酸异戊酯、丙酸正丁酯、丁酸乙酯、丁酸正丙酯、丁酸异丙酯、丁酸正丁酯、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、丙酮酸正丙酯、乙酰醋酸甲酯、乙酰醋酸乙酯、2-氧基丁酸乙酯等的其它酯类;甲苯、二甲苯、己烷、环己烷、三甲苯、二异丙苯等的芳香族或脂肪族烃类;N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺等的羧酸胺类。前述溶剂可单独使用一种或混合多种使用。其中,以丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单甲基醚醋酸酯、二乙二醇二甲基醚、乳酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯为较佳。
黄色颜料(B)
本发明的图案形成用油墨组合物所使用的黄色颜料(B)并没有特别限制,其具体例如:C.I.颜料黄(C.I.Piment Yellow)1、2、3、4、5、6、10、12、13(例如商品名Permanent Yellow1301;RUIchem制)、14、15、16、17、18、20、24、31、32、34(例如商品名Vibfast Middle Chrome4071;VibfastPigments制)、35、35:1、36、36:1、37、37:1、40、42、43、53、55、60、61、62、63、65、73、74(商品名Dalamar Yellow;Sigma制)、77、81、83、86、93、94、95、97、98、100、101、104、106、108、109、110、113、114、115、116、117、118、119、120、123、125、126、127、128、129、137、138、139、144、146、147、148、150、151、152、153、154、155、156、161、162、164、166、167、168、169、170、171、172、173、174、175、176、177、179、180、181、182、185、187、188、193、194、199、213、214等。
当未使用黄色颜料(B)时,则此图案形成用油墨组合物所制得的液晶显示元件会有色温过高的缺点。
基于前述的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,黄色颜料(B)的使用量通常为0.5重量份至5重量份,较佳为0.8重量份至4重量份,更佳为1重量份至3重量份。当黄色颜料(B)的使用量为上述范围时,则此图案形成用油墨组合物可制得具有低色温的液晶显示元件。
填充材(C)
本发明的填充材(C)可例如为有机填充材及/或无机填充材。其中,有机填充材的具体例如:环氧树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、尿素树脂、丙烯酸树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酰胺树脂、聚酯树脂以及铁氟龙树脂等。至于无机填充材的具体例如:氧化铝、氢氧化铝、二氧化硅〔例如由触媒化成公司所制造的市售品[商品名如OSCAR1132(粒径12nm;分散剂为甲醇)、OSCAR1332(粒径12nm;分散剂为正丙醇)、OSCAR105(粒径60nm;分散剂为γ-丁内酯)、OSCAR106(粒径120nm;分散剂为二丙酮醇)等];由扶桑化学公司所制造的市售品[商品名如Quartron PL-1-IPA(粒径13nm;分散剂为异丙酮)、Quartron PL-1-TOL(粒径13nm;分散剂为甲苯)、Quartron PL-2L-PGME(粒径18nm;分散剂为丙二醇单甲醚)、Quartron PL-2L-MEK(粒径18nm;分散剂为甲乙酮)等];由日产化学公司所制造的市售品[商品名如IPA-ST(粒径12nm;分散剂为异丙醇)、EG-ST(粒径12nm;分散剂为乙二醇)、IPA-ST-L(粒径45nm;分散剂为异丙醇)、IPA-ST-ZL(粒径100nm;分散剂为异丙醇)等〕、氧化镁、氢氧化镁、氧化铁、二氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锡、氮化硅、氮化铝、滑石〔市售品如商品名SG-2000的滑石(平均粒径1μm,日本滑石制)〕、云母、石绵粉、石英粉、高岭土、膨润土(bentonite)、硅藻土、沸石、石膏、玻璃珠、玻璃纤维、硫酸钡、硫酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、硅酸钙、硅酸铝、硅酸锆、钛酸钾以及富勒烯(fullerene)等。上述填充材可单独一种或混合多种使用。
本发明的填充材(C)的平均粒径并无特别的限制,通常为10μm以下,较佳为5μm以下,更佳为3μm以下。基于前述的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,填充材(C)的使用量通常为3重量份至70重量份,然以4重量份至60重量份为较佳,又以5重量份至50重量份为更佳。
溶剂(D)
前述的图案形成用油墨组合物所使用的溶剂(D)的种类并没有特别限制,可选自前述丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)聚合过程中所使用的溶剂,在此不赘述。其中,亦以丙二醇单甲基醚、丙二醇单甲基醚醋酸酯、二乙二醇二甲基醚、乳酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯为较佳。该溶剂(D)可单独一种或混合多种使用。
前述的溶剂(D)的使用量没有特别限制。基于前述的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份计,溶剂(C)的使用量通常为100重量份至500重量份,较佳为150重量份至450重量份,更佳为200重量份至400重量份。
金属氧化物(E)
本发明的金属氧化物(E)可例如为金属的氧化物、金属络合物等的金属化合物,具体例如:铁、钴、铝、镉、铅、铜、钛、镁、铬、锌、锑等的金属的氧化物,以及前述金属的复合氧化物。
前述的金属氧化物(E)的具体例如:二氧化钛粒子,其市售品如商品名NanoTek系列(C.I化成制),OPTOLAKE系列(日挥触媒化成制),MT-05、MT-100W、MT-100SA、MT-100HD、MT-300HD、MT-150A、ND138、ND139、ND140、ND154、ND165、ND177、TS-063、TS-103、TS-159(TAYCA制),NOD-742GTF(NAGASE CHEMTEX制)等;二氧化锆粒子,其市售品如商品名HXU-110JC、HXU-120JC、HXU-210C、NZD-3101(住友大阪水泥制),ID191(TAYCA制),ZRPMA15WT%-E05(C.I化成制),OZ-S30K(日产化学制)等。上述的金属氧化物(E)可单独一种或混合多种使用。
当前述的图案形成用油墨组合物使用金属氧化物(E)时,可进一步提升所制得的液晶显示元件的辉度。
基于丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,金属氧化物(E)的使用量通常为0.05重量份至5重量份,较佳为0.08重量份至4重量份,更佳为0.1重量份至3重量份。
添加剂(F)
本发明的图案形成用油墨组合物可选择性加入添加剂(F),例如:硅烷偶合剂、消泡剂、分散剂等。
上述的硅烷偶合剂的具体例如:乙烯基三氯硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基-乙氧基)硅烷、β-(3,4-环氧环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-环氧丙氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-环氧丙氧丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、γ-(甲基)丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲基二甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-硫醇基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、双-1,2-(三甲氧基硅基)乙烷,商品名SZ6030(Dow Corning ToraySilicone制)以及商品名KBE-903、KBE-603、KBE-403与KBM-403(信越化学制)。
其中,基于丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,硅烷偶合剂的含量通常为0重量份至30重量份,然以3重量份至25重量份为较佳,又以5重量份至20重量份为更佳。
上述的消泡剂的具体例如:Surfynol MD-20、Surfynol MD-30、SurfynolDF110D、Surfynol104E、Surfynol420、Surfynol DF37、Surfynol DF58、Surfynol DF66、Surfynol DF70与Surfynol DF210及EnviroGem AD01、EnviroGem AE01与EnviroGem AE02等(Air products制)。其中,基于丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,消泡剂的含量通常为1重量份至10重量份,然以2重量份至9重量份为较佳,又以3重量份至8重量份为更佳。
上述的分散剂可例如为高分子分散剂、聚乙氧基烷基磷酸酯、聚乙氧基烷基胺、烷醇胺、颜料衍生物等。其中,高分子分散剂的具体例如:聚酰胺-胺(盐)、聚羧酸(盐)、具高分子量的不饱和酸酯类、改质的聚氨酯类、改质的聚酯类、改质的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物等。上述高分子分散剂可根据结构进一步分类为直链型高分子、末端改质型高分子、接枝型高分子以及嵌段型高分子。
前述的分散剂亦可使用市售品,其具体例如:商品名DISPERBYK-101、DISPERBYK-107、DISPERBYK-110、DISPERBYK-130、DISPERBYK-161、DISPERBYK-162、DISPERBYK-163、DISPERBYK-164、DISPERBYK-165、DISPERBYK-166、DISPERBYK-170、BYK-P104、BYK-P105等(BYKChemie制);商品名EFKA4047、EFKA4010至4061、EFKA4330至4340、EFKA4400至4402、EFKA5010、EFKA6220、6745等(EFKA制);商品名AJISPERPB PB-821、AJISPERPB PB-822等(味之素Fine-Techno制);商品名DISPARLON KS-860、DISPARLON KS-873N、DISPARLON2150、DISPARLON7004等(楠本化成制);商品名DEMOL RN、DEMOL N、DEMOL MS、DEMOL C、DEMOL SN-B、HOMOGENOL L-18、ACETAMIN86等(花王制);商品名SOLSPERSE5000、SOLSPERSE22000、SOLSPERSE13240、SOLSPERSE3000、SOLSPERSE17000、SOLSPERSE27000、SOLSPERSE24000、SOLSPERSE28000、SOLSPERSE32000、SOLSPERSE38500等(Lubrizol制),以及商品名HINOACT T-8000E(川研Fine Chemicals制)。
其中,上述的添加剂(F)可单独一种或混合多种使用。
图案形成用油墨组合物的制备
本发明的图案形成用油墨组合物的制备,一般是将上述丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)、黄色颜料(B)、填充材(C)以及溶剂(D),并可视需要加入金属氧化物(E)及/或各种添加剂(F),于已知的混合机或分散机中均匀混合,即可制得图案形成用油墨组合物。
导光板
请参阅图1,其是绘示根据本发明一实施例的液晶显示元件100的剖面分解示意图。在一实施例中,液晶显示元件100至少包括导光板110、发光单元120以及液晶面板150。
上述的导光板110包含入光面111、出光面113以及相对于出光面113的底面115,其中,入光面111是形成于导光板110的一侧,且底面115与入光面111形成斜角邻接。其次,导光板110由入光面111的一端向相对的另一端形成厚度递减,使光线均一地由该出光面113射出,如图1所示。
前述的导光板110于底面115形成上述的网点图案117,其中上述的网点图案117可使通过入光面111射入导光板110的光线产生散射与反射,亦即均匀地将光线扩散至各种方向,因此网点图案117并没有排列或尺寸大小上的限制。举例而言,上述的网点图案117于印刷时,可选择形成圆形、四角形或六角形等各种不同的形状,而网点图案117的光散射程度及亮度亦可随着油墨中所使用的材质的不同而改变。
发光单元
请再参阅图1,在前述实施例中,前述的发光单元120可包括上述的导光板110以及发光源131,其中导光板110可与发光源131侧向结合,且入光面111与发光源131相对,使发光源131发出的光线(图未绘示)通过入光面111进入导光板110,并藉由导光板110导引光线朝液晶面板150的方向投射,如图1所示。
前述的发光源131包含光源133及设于光源133外侧的反射罩135,其中光源133可为点光源(例如发光二极管)或线光源(例如灯管)。大体上,前述的反射罩124环绕光源133,但反射罩135于邻向导光板110的单一方向设有开口,使光源133发出的光线直接或藉由反射罩135反射后,通过反射罩135的开口以及入光面111而进入导光板110。
另外,前述的发光单元120更可包含光学组140,其中光学组140包含多个光学元件,例如反射片141、扩散片143及棱镜片145等。上述的反射片141与导光板110的底面115相邻,藉此将通过底面115而射出导光板110的光线,反射通过底面115而射入导光板110。上述的扩散片143与导光板110的出光面113相邻,使经由导光板110并通过出光面113射出的光线能均匀扩散。上述的棱镜片145与扩散片143相邻,其中棱镜片145可凝聚光线,以提高光线向液晶面板150投射的正面亮度。
液晶显示元件
请参阅图2,其是绘示根据本发明一实施例的液晶显示元件的立体分解示意图。本发明的液晶显示元件200至少包括上述的发光单元210、液晶面板220、顶部底盘230以及底部底盘240。
上述的液晶面板220可包含薄膜晶体管(TFT)基板221(以下简称为TFT基板)、彩色滤光片(CF)基板223及含有液晶的液晶层(图未绘示),藉此显示外部影像。
其次,印刷电路板225设有驱动芯片(图未绘示),并通过卷带承载封装件(tape carrier package)227连接至TFT基板221。上述显示外部影像所需要的各种信号,可藉由印刷电路板225及驱动芯片(图未绘示)传递至TFT基板221。
另外,前述的顶部底盘230可与底部底盘240连接。上述的底部底盘240的上方部分形成开放的收纳空间,其中底部底盘240于收纳空间的周围部分可支撑液晶面板220,而收纳空间则可容设上述的发光单元210。上述的发光单元210所提供的光线可通过液晶面板200,而显示外部影像。
上述的顶部底盘230则覆盖并固定液晶面板220的外缘,以防止印刷电路板225曝露于外界。上述的顶部底盘230中间设有开口,藉此曝露出液晶面板220的影像显示区域。
在此补充的是,图1及图2是作为说明之用,且本发明并非限定于此。因此,本发明的发光单元亦能够应用到其它类型的显示设备;本发明的液晶显示元件亦能够使用其它类型的光学元件,例如:偏光片等。
本发明的优点在于:本发明通过在图案形成用油墨组合物中使用黄色颜料(B),使得所制得的导光板具有较低色温;而通过在图案形成用油墨组合物中同时使用黄色颜料(B)与金属氧化物(E),使得所制得的导光板可具有更高的辉度;从而,使用本发明的种种导光板可制得高辉度及低色温的液晶显示元件,确实可达到本发明的目的。
以下利用数个实施方式以说明本发明的应用,然其并非用以限定本发明,本发明技术领域中具有通常知识者,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作各种的更动与润饰。
附图说明
为让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征、优点与实施例能更明显易懂,所附附图的说明如下:
图1是绘示根据本发明一实施例的液晶显示元件的剖面分解示意图;
图2是绘示根据本发明一实施例的液晶显示元件的立体分解示意图;
图3是绘示根据本发明一实施例的辉度及色温评价方式的上视图;
其中,主要元件符号说明
100:液晶显示元件 110:导光板
111:入光面 113:出光面
115:底面 117:网点图案
120:发光单元 131:发光源
133:光源 135:反射罩
140:光学组 141:反射片
143:扩散片 145:棱镜片
150:液晶面板 200:液晶显示元件
210:发光单元 220:液晶面板
221:薄膜晶体管基板 223:彩色滤光片基板
225:印刷电路板 227:卷带承载封装件
230:顶部底盘 240:底部底盘
300:导光板 301/302/303/304:边界
310:光源 A1至A9:测定点。
具体实施方式
制备丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)
以下是根据表1制备合成例A-1至A-6的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)。
合成例A-1
将14重量份的甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯(以下简称HEMA)、40重量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯(以下简称MMA)、20重量份的丙烯酸正丁酯(以下简称n-BA)、25重量份的苯乙烯(以下简称SM)及1重量份的偶氮二异戊腈(以下简称AMBN),利用游星式搅拌装置(型号为ARB-310;THINKY制)搅拌均匀,并于80℃下进行热聚合反应,反应24小时后,可得丙烯酸酯系树脂(A-1)。
合成例A-2至A-6
同合成例A-1的丙烯酸酯系树脂的合成方法,不同处在于合成例A-2至A-6是改变丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)中反应物的种类及使用量,其配方如表1所示,此处不另赘述。
MAA 甲基丙烯酸 methacryIicacid
AA 丙烯酸 acrylic acid
HEMA 甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
MMA 甲基丙烯酸甲酯 methyl methacrylate
n-BA 丙烯酸正丁酯 n-butyl acrylate
BzMA 甲基丙烯酸苯甲酯 benzyl methacrylate
SM 苯乙烯 styrene
AMBN 偶氮二异戊腈 [2,2′-azobis(methylbutyronitrile)]
制备图案形成用油墨组合物
以下是根据表2制备实施例1至6及比较例1至3的图案形成用油墨组合物。
实施例1
将100重量份由合成例1所得的丙烯酸酯系树脂(A-1)、0.3重量份的黄色颜料(商品名:Permanent Yellow1301;RUIchem制)(B-1)、15重量份的二氧化硅(商品名:IPA-ST,日产化学制)(C-1)以及180重量份的二乙二醇二甲基醚(diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether,以下简称为D-1),以游星式搅拌装置搅拌均匀后,再以三滚筒机(型号为FC-90mm,繁锠有限公司制)混炼3小时,即可制得图案形成用油墨组合物。所得的图案形成用油墨组合物以下列各评价方式进行评价,其结果如表2所述,其中辉度以及色温的检测方法容后再述。
实施例2至6
同实施例1的图案形成用油墨组合物的制备方法,不同处在于实施例2至6是改变图案形成用油墨组合物中原料的种类及使用量,其配方以及检测结果如表2所示,此处不另赘述。
比较例1至3
同实施例1的图案形成用油墨组合物的制备方法,不同处在于比较例1至3是改变图案形成用油墨组合物中原料的种类及使用量,其配方以及检测结果亦如表2所示。
评价方式
1.辉度
请参照图3,其是绘示根据本发明一实施例的辉度及色温评价方式的上视图。首先,利用网印机(型号为PA3-F34;妙印精机制),将实施例1至6以及比较例1至3的图案形成用油墨组合物,于81厘米(约32英寸)的导光板300(材料为透明PMMA树脂;厚度为3mm)上,自光源端依序印刷上300mm2、400mm2、500mm2、600mm2、700mm2、800mm2及900mm2的网点,如图3所示。接着,将印刷有图案形成用油墨组合物的导光板于70℃下干燥30分钟后,利用LED9000K光源310照射导光板300达1小时。之后,利用辉度计(型号为BM-7A;Topcon制)测量辉度,其测定点(A1至A9)亦如图3所示,其中,A1、A2与A8与导光板300的边界301的距离、A2至A4与导光板300的边界304的距离、A4至A6与导光板300的边界303的距离、A6至A8与导光板300的边界302的距离皆为20mm。经下式(I)计算后可得一平均辉度(cd/m2),并依据以下基准进行评价。在式(I)中,L1至L9分别表示A1至A9的辉度。
平均辉度(cd/m2)=(L1+L2+L3+L4+L5+L6+L7+L8+L9)/9 (I)
◎:平均辉度>800
○:800≧平均辉度>700
△:700≧平均辉度>600
╳:平均辉度≦600
2.色温
将前述检测项目“辉度”中所得的网点于70℃下干燥30分钟后,使用LED9000K光源照射该导光板1小时。接着,使用辉度计量测色温,其测定点同检测项“辉度”中的分布。经下式(II)计算可得一平均色温(K),并依据以下基准进行评价。在式(II)中,T1至T9分别表示A1至A9的色温。
平均色温(K)=(T1+T2+T3+T4+T5+T6+T7+T8+T9)/9 (II)
○:平均色温<5000
△:5000≦平均色温<6000
╳:平均色温≧6000
上述实施例与比较例所得的图案形成用油墨组合物,其辉度以及色温的评估结果如表2所示。
由表2的结果可知,当图案形成用油墨组合物使用黄色颜料(B)时,所制得的导光板具有较低色温,而当图案形成用油墨组合物同时使用黄色颜料(B)与金属氧化物(E),则所制得的导光板可具有更高的辉度,故确实可达到本发明的目的。
比较例4
此外,参照日本特开2008-95103的实施例,将25重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(分子量约30,000)、5重量份的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、40重量份的压克力珠(acrylic beads,平均粒径5μm)、10重量份的二甲醚及20重量份的环己酮,以游星式搅拌装置搅拌均匀后,再以三滚筒机混炼3小时,即可制得图案形成用油墨组合物。所得的图案形成用油墨组合物亦以上述评价方式进行评估,所得的色温表现为╳。
需补充的是,本发明虽以特定的化合物、组成、反应条件、制程、分析方法或特定仪器作为例示,说明本发明之导光板、发光单元以及具有该发光单元的液晶显示元件,惟本发明所属技术领域中任何具有通常知识者可知,本发明并不限于此,在不脱离本发明之精神和范围内,本发明之导光板、发光单元以及具有该发光单元的液晶显示元件亦可使用其它的化合物、组成、反应条件、制程、分析方法或仪器进行。
虽然本发明已以实施方式揭露如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,在本发明所属技术领域中任何具有通常知识者,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作各种的更动与润饰,因此本发明的保护范围当视后附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。
表2
B-1 C.I.Pigment Yellow13(商品名Permanent Yellow1301;RUIchem制)
B-2 C.I.Pigment Yellow34(商品名Vibfast Middle Chrome4071;Vibfast Pigments制)
B-3 C.I.Pigment Yellow74(商品名Dalamar Yellow;Sigma制)
C-1 IPA-ST,二氧化硅(平均粒径12nm,日产化学制)
C-2 Quartron PL-2L-PGME,二氧化硅(平均粒径18nm,扶桑化学制)
C-3 SG-2000,滑石(平均粒径1μm,日本滑石制)
D-1 二乙二醇二甲基醚 diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether
D-2 丙二醇单甲基醚 propyleneglycolmonomethylether
D-3 3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯 ethyl3-ethoxypropionate
E-1 二氧化钛(商品名NOD-742GTF;NAGASE CHEMTEX制)
E-2 二氧化锆(商品名OZ-S30K;日产化学制
F-1 KBM-403,3-环氧丙氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(信越化学制)3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxy silane
F-2 Disperbyk-101(BYK Chemie制)
Claims (9)
1.一种导光板,包含:
入射光线的一入光面;
出射光线的一出光面;以及
相对于所述出光面的一底面,其中所述底面具有一导光层,所述导光层是使用一图案形成用油墨组合物经涂布及干燥处理后,而于所述底面形成一网点图案,且所述图案形成用油墨组合物包含:
丙烯酸酯系树脂(A);
一黄色颜料(B);
一填充材(C);以及
一溶剂(D)。
2.如权利要求1所述的导光板,其中基于所述丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,所述黄色颜料(B)的使用量为0.5重量份至5重量份,所述填充材(C)的使用量为3重量份至70重量份,且所述溶剂(D)的使用量为100重量份至500重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的导光板,其中所述图案形成用油墨组合物还包含一金属氧化物(E)。
4.一种发光单元,包含:
一导光板,其中所述导光板的一底面具有一导光层,所述导光层是使用一图案形成用油墨组合物经涂布及干燥处理后,以于所述底面上形成一网点图案,且所述图案形成用油墨组合物包含:
丙烯酸酯系树脂(A);
一黄色颜料(B);
一填充材(C);以及
一溶剂(D);以及
一发光源,其中所述导光板是与所述发光源侧向结合。
5.如权利要求4所述的发光单元,其中基于所述丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,所述黄色颜料(B)的使用量为0.5重量份至5重量份,所述填充材(C)的使用量为3重量份至70重量份,且所述溶剂(D)的使用量为100重量份至500重量份。
6.如权利要求4所述的发光单元,其中所述图案形成用油墨组合物还包含一金属氧化物(E)。
7.一种液晶显示元件,包含:
一导光板,其中所述导光板的一底面具有一导光层,所述导光层是使用一图案形成用油墨组合物经涂布及干燥处理后,以于所述底面形成一网点图案,且所述图案形成用油墨组合物包含:
丙烯酸酯系树脂(A);
一黄色颜料(B);
一填充材(C);以及
一溶剂(D);以及
一发光源,其中所述导光板是与所述发光源侧向结合;以及
一液晶面板,其中所述液晶面板是设置于所述导光板的一出光面的上方。
8.如权利要求7所述的液晶显示元件,其中基于所述丙烯酸酯系树脂(A)为100重量份,所述黄色颜料(B)的使用量为0.5重量份至5重量份,所述填充材(C)的使用量为3重量份至70重量份,且所述溶剂(D)的使用量为100重量份至500重量份。
9.如权利要求7所述的液晶显示元件,其中所述图案形成用油墨组合物还包含一金属氧化物(E)。
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US20120002138A1 (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-05 | Chi-Mei Corporation | Pattern forming ink composition, light guide plate, light emitting unit and liquid crystal display element having the light emitting unit |
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JP5134685B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-26 | 2013-01-30 | 日本メクトロン株式会社 | 導光板及び、導光板の製造方法 |
TWM361673U (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2009-07-21 | Cymmetrik Entpr Co Ltd | Color light guide device and light guide plate thereof |
TWM372438U (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-01-11 | Jenn Feng New Energy Co Ltd | Improved structure of light source reflector |
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- 2012-07-16 TW TW101125564A patent/TWI450937B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2013
- 2013-07-03 CN CN201310276393.4A patent/CN103543488B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-07-03 US US13/934,233 patent/US20140016063A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US6345899B1 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2002-02-12 | Enplas Corporation | Surface light source device of side light type |
US20080089097A1 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Pattern forming ink, method for fabricating the same, and light guide plate, light emitting unit, and liquid crystal display having the same |
US20080175022A1 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2008-07-24 | Takuro Sugiura | Illuminating unit |
US20120002138A1 (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-05 | Chi-Mei Corporation | Pattern forming ink composition, light guide plate, light emitting unit and liquid crystal display element having the light emitting unit |
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CN106054306A (zh) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-10-26 | 奇美实业股份有限公司 | 导光板、发光单元以及具有发光单元的液晶显示元件 |
CN106833118A (zh) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 奇美实业股份有限公司 | 导光板用油墨、导光板、发光单元及液晶显示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TW201404839A (zh) | 2014-02-01 |
US20140016063A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
TWI450937B (zh) | 2014-09-01 |
CN103543488B (zh) | 2016-02-10 |
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