CN103543404A - Device and method used for idle-speed start-stop system to monitor state of storage battery - Google Patents
Device and method used for idle-speed start-stop system to monitor state of storage battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device used for an idle-speed start-stop system to monitor the state of a storage battery. The device comprises a processor and a storage, one end of a voltage sensor is connected with the processor while the other end of the voltage sensor is connected with an anode of the storage battery, the voltage sensor is used for detecting voltage of the storage battery, one end of a temperature sensor is connected with an AD port of the processor while the other end of the same is connected with the anode of the storage battery, the temperature sensor is used for measuring temperature of the storage battery and converting temperature signals into analog quantity to be collected by the AD port of the processor, and a digital input port of the processor receives state signals of a starting motor. The invention further relates to a method used for the idle-speed start-stop system to monitor the state of the storage battery. By the device and the method, when the state of the storage battery is judged, change rate of the storage battery is introduced, so that a current sensor is omitted, cost of the storage battery state monitoring device is lowered, and storage battery state monitoring accuracy can be ensured to meet requirements of the idle-speed start-stop system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic control device for automobile engine and method, be specifically related to a kind of for idling start-stop system to the monitoring device of battery condition and method.
Background technology
Increasingly serious along with environment, energy problem, Ge great automobile factory is all actively developing research and the application of energy-saving and emission-reduction new technology both at home and abroad.Idling start-stop system stops engine during by auto idle speed state and reduces and even eliminate idling oil consumption and discharge.Due to its technology maturation, former truck system changed to very little, cost increase the advantages such as few, in the coming years, it is target that idling start-stop system 100% standard configuration all be take in external car load factory.And to realize idling start-stop system, and need in real time battery condition be monitored, when accumulator electric-quantity is lower, starting engine charges to accumulator in time, avoids cannot starting because overdischarge causes engine.
Chinese patent 200310107882.3 discloses a kind of battery condition monitoring method based on State Estimation Theory.The method is mainly applicable to power lithium-ion battery, and need to measure internal storage battery electromotive force.In actual applications, internal storage battery electromotive force is difficult to measure.Chinese patent 200680006248.2 discloses a kind of method that battery condition is monitored and learnt that changes according to engine starting process battery tension.But the method need to be measured battery current, and special-purpose current sensor cost is higher, and the method is unable to estimate out the real-time electric weight in battery-operated process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency existing in order to overcome existing battery condition monitoring device and method, provide a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring device to battery condition, it can reduce idling start-stop system cost, guarantees precision simultaneously, meets idling start-stop system requirements.
Another object of the present invention be to provide a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring method to battery condition, this monitoring method can judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is enough, to activate idling start-stop function, guarantee can normally start and the requirement of car load electrobalance after engine stop simultaneously; Can judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is very few, with starting engine, to charge in batteries, avoid excessive power shortage; Can also judge accumulator ageing state, with the correlation parameter to accumulator, revise.
Of the present invention a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring device to battery condition, comprise processor, the storer being connected with processor, it is characterized in that:
One end of one voltage sensor is connected with described processor, and the other end of voltage sensor is connected with the positive pole of accumulator, and this voltage sensor is for detection of battery tension;
One end of one temperature sensor is connected with the AD mouth of described processor, and the temperature sensor other end is connected with the positive pole of accumulator; This temperature sensor is used for measuring battery temp, and temperature signal is converted into analog quantity, by the AD mouth of processor, is gathered;
The digital input port of described processor receives the state signal of starter motor shape, and starter motor status signal obtains by detecting the power supply signal of starter motor.
Described a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring device to battery condition, it is characterized in that: described processor is processor independently, or with automobile on other processor merge, as engine controller, idling start-stop controller.
Of the present invention a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring method to battery condition, this monitoring method is used the above-mentioned monitoring device to battery condition, its step is as follows:
(1) accumulator ageing state judgement; In the engine start stage, according to the battery tension and the minimum voltage in start-up course that start initial time, estimate accumulator ageing state;
(2) calculating accumulator voltage change ratio; At engine, during in idle stop state, carry out the calculating of battery tension rate of change, and when other state, do not calculate battery tension rate of change;
Because battery tension temporal evolution is slower, and load current is when change, and easily produces fluctuation, so, adopt calculating accumulator voltage change ratio with the following method:
First with the larger sampling period, as 1s carries out continuous several times sampling to battery tension, as 60 times, then a plurality of battery tensions of continuous sampling are processed by following formula:
Voltage after average treatment
battery tension (i),
Wherein, i and k are the sampling periods, and N is sampling number; In practical application, for improving data user rate, sampling period i and k adopt the different cycles, and general satisfaction requires as follows:
k=i×N
Calculate after average treatment voltage, can be calculated as follows battery tension rate of change:
Voltage (k-1) after voltage (k)-average treatment after battery tension rate of change (k)=average treatment;
(3) the whether high judgement of accumulator electric-quantity; According to battery tension, battery tension rate of change and constant voltage charging time, judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is high; When start-stop enable signal is invalid, to whether accumulator electric-quantity is abundant, judge; Meet while requiring as follows at the same time, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is abundant:
1. battery tension is greater than generator rated voltage; 2. battery tension rate of change is greater than 0; 3. above 1. and 2. satisfied duration is greater than the limit value of setting simultaneously;
1. be in order to guarantee that accumulator enters constant-voltage charge state by constant-current charge, accumulator electric-quantity increases, and charging current decreases, and makes generator be operated in rated voltage;
2. be in order to guarantee accumulator in charging but not discharge condition;
3. be in order to guarantee that accumulator has enough constant voltage charging times, to make accumulator electric-quantity reach more state; Duration of charging limit value is the function of battery temp, and relation data is between the two stored in storer 4 with the form of two-dimensional data table, for battery condition monitoring algorithm, uses; This tables of data can obtain by following test:
Under condition of different temperatures, first accumulator is carried out to constant-current charge, voltage to be charged reaches after generator rated voltage, switch to constant-voltage charge, record the required constant voltage charging time of state-of-charge that accumulator reaches setting, can obtain condition 3. in the relation of duration of charging limit value and battery temp;
(4) the whether low judgement of accumulator electric-quantity; According to battery tension, battery tension rate of change and ageing state, judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is low; Effective at start-stop enable signal, and engine is when idle stop state, to whether accumulator electric-quantity is very few, judges, and concrete decision method is as follows: if battery tension is less than limit value, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is very few; Above-mentioned voltage limit value computing formula is as follows:
Limit value=basic limit value * aging coefficient
Wherein, basic limit value is obtained by test by new accumulator, is the function of battery temp and voltage change ratio, between relation with the form of three-dimensional data table, be stored in storer 4, for battery condition monitoring method, use; The relation of voltage limit value and temperature, voltage change ratio can obtain by following test:
Adopt new accumulator, under condition of different temperatures, with different discharge currents, accumulator is carried out to constant-current discharge, record is voltage and state-of-charge in the same time not; Then for the state-of-charge point of setting, extract corresponding voltage change ratio and voltage constantly with it; Finally, in conjunction with test temperature data, can obtain basic limit value three-dimensional data table, aging coefficient is the function of ageing state, and after accumulator is aging, actual capacity reduces, so under accumulator capacity fixing situation, the voltage of aging accumulator is higher than new accumulator; Aging coefficient is the voltage of aging accumulator and the ratio of new accumulator voltage, aging more serious accumulator, and this ratio is larger, thereby obtains the two-dimensional data table of aging coefficient and ageing state, and same, this tables of data is also stored in storer 4;
(5) judgement of idling start-stop enable signal; According to the electric weight of accumulator, judge, if be judged to be accumulator electric-quantity low (very few), start-stop enable signal is invalid, and now no matter whether other idle stop condition meets, and idling start-stop controller all should make engine in operating condition; If be judged to be accumulator electric-quantity high (enough),, in the situation that other idle stop condition is satisfied, idling start-stop controller can stop engine;
The decision logic of idling start-stop enable signal is: if current idling start-stop enable signal is effective, and accumulator electric-quantity is low, and idling start-stop enable signal is invalid; If current idling start-stop enable signal is invalid, and accumulator electric-quantity is high, idling start-stop enable signal is effective; Otherwise keep current idling start-stop enable signal state constant.
Feature of the present invention is: consider that under idle stop state, accumulator operating mode approaches constant-current discharge, and accumulator is while being discharged to same state-of-charge with different discharge currents, voltage change ratio is different; According to this characteristic of accumulator, the present invention is directed to idling start-stop control system, when carrying out battery condition judgement, introduce accumulator rate of change, do not re-use the required current signal of existing monitoring method, thereby cancel current sensor, reduce the cost of battery condition monitoring device, meanwhile, can guarantee that battery condition monitoring accuracy can meet the demand of idling start-stop system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the constant-current discharge curve map of the different discharge currents of accumulator;
Fig. 2 is the monitoring device schematic diagram of battery condition of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the monitoring method schematic block diagram of battery condition of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional data table that starts initial voltage, start-up course minimum voltage and aging coefficient;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of accumulator ageing state determination methods of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of battery tension rate of change computing method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of accumulator electric-quantity determination methods of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is described further.
Due to the effect of generator voltage controller, when load current is less than generator maximum output current, generator is equivalent to source of stable pressure; When load current is greater than generator maximum output current, generator is equivalent to constant current source.So, when accumulator charges on real vehicle, if electric weight is less, be equivalent to constant-current charge, now battery tension increases in time; If electric weight is more, be equivalent to constant-voltage charge, now battery tension substantially constant.So when battery tension being detected and be less than generator rated voltage, accumulator is in constant-current charge or discharge condition, now accumulator electric-quantity may be less.And be greater than after generator rated voltage when battery tension, illustrating that accumulator electric-quantity is relatively many, charging current decreases, in constant-voltage charge state.Maintain after constant-voltage charge certain hour, accumulator reaches full state substantially.According to battery tension size and constant-voltage charge duration, can judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is abundant.The time that constant-voltage charge process need maintains can be determined according to the constant-voltage charge test of accumulator.
In engine idle stopped status, because the load of opening is relatively fixing, so accumulator is substantially in constant-current discharge state, as shown in Figure 1.Accumulator is discharged to same SOC(state-of-charge with different discharge currents) during value, its terminal voltage and voltage over time rate are all not identical.Discharge current is larger, and battery tension is lower, and change in voltage is faster.So, can according to the voltage of accumulator and voltage over time rate judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity very few.
Consider that accumulator ageing process is slow, aging rear internal resistance increases, and in same charge and discharge current situation, accumulator voltage can significantly reduce.Consider Current Sensorless in monitoring device of the present invention and method, and in normally driving process, only according to voltage, be difficult to determine the degree of aging of accumulator.In engine starting process, the electric current that starter motor consumes is relatively fixing, so can the degree of falling according to battery tension carry out ageing state judgement in start-up course.
Fig. 2 be a kind of for idling start-stop system the schematic diagram to the monitoring device of battery condition, the storer 4 that this monitoring device comprises processor 3, is connected with processor, its innovative point is: one end of a voltage sensor 2 is connected with described processor 3, the other end of voltage sensor is connected with the positive pole of accumulator 1, and this voltage sensor is for detection of battery tension;
One end of one temperature sensor 5 is connected with the AD mouth of described processor 3, and the temperature sensor other end is connected with the positive pole of accumulator 1; This temperature sensor is used for measuring battery temp, and temperature signal is converted into analog quantity, by the AD mouth of processor, is gathered; The digital input port of described processor 3 receives starter motor status signal, and starter motor status signal is obtained by the power supply signal that detects starter motor.
Voltage sensor 2 is for gathering battery tension, and is transferred to processor 3 by analog quantity; For accurately detecting the change in voltage of accumulator, the precision of voltage sensor 2 is 1mV;
Storer 4, for store various kinds of data, comprises and starts initial voltage, startup minimum voltage and ageing state three-dimensional data table, voltage change ratio, temperature and voltage limit value tables of data, ageing state and aging coefficient tables of data etc.;
Temperature sensor 5 is for detection of battery temp, and is transferred to processor 3 in analog quantity mode.
When the digital input port of processor 3 signal is low level, illustrate that starter motor do not work; During for high level, illustrate that starter motor is in operating condition.
Described processor 3 is processor independently, or with automobile on other processor merge, as engine controller, idling start-stop controller, this example is idling start-stop controller.
Fig. 3 is the monitoring method schematic block diagram of battery condition of the present invention, comprises aging detection module 6, accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7 and rate of change computing module 8; Battery condition monitoring method operates in processor 3;
Aging detection module 6 falls judgement accumulator ageing state according to start-up course voltage;
Whether accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7 mainly enough judges accumulator current electric quantity according to battery tension and voltage change ratio, and judged result is exported to idling start-stop controller;
In the enough situations of accumulator electric-quantity, if other idle stop condition meets, idling start-stop controller stops engine; If accumulator electric-quantity is very few, even if other idle stop condition meets, idling start-stop controller also can make engine keep running;
Rate of change computing module 8 calculating accumulator voltage change ratios, export to accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7 and carry out accumulator electric-quantity judgement;
The power supply signal that the required starter motor status signal of aging detection module 6 gathers starter motor by the digital input port of processor 3 obtains; Low level represents that starter motor do not work, and high level represents starter motor work.
Of the present invention a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring method to battery condition, this monitoring method is used the monitoring device of above-mentioned battery condition, its step is as follows:
(1) accumulator ageing state judgement; In the engine start stage, according to the battery tension and the minimum voltage in start-up course that start initial time, estimate accumulator ageing state;
Accumulator ageing state has reacted the degree of aging of accumulator, is the function that starts minimum voltage in initial time battery tension and start-up course.Relation between above-mentioned factor obtains by following automobile starting test: adopt different ageing states, the accumulator starting engine of different state-of-charges, record the battery tension delta data in start-up course, and extract and start the battery tension of initial time and the minimum voltage of start-up course, the accumulator ageing state corresponding with test figure forms three-dimensional data table (referring to Fig. 4), this data table stores is in storer 4, battery condition monitoring policy can be according to actual startup initial voltage and the minimum voltage of start-up course, by this three-dimensional data table, by tabling look-up, obtain the ageing state of accumulator,
(2) calculating accumulator voltage change ratio; At engine, during in idle stop state, carry out the calculating of battery tension rate of change, and when other state, do not calculate battery tension rate of change;
Because battery tension temporal evolution is slower, and load current is when change, and easily produces fluctuation, so, adopt calculating accumulator voltage change ratio with the following method:
First with the larger sampling period, as adopt the sampling period of 1 second to carry out continuous several times sampling to battery tension, as 60 times, then a plurality of battery tensions of continuous sampling processed by following formula:
Voltage after average treatment
battery tension (i),
Wherein, i and k are the sampling periods, and N is sampling number; In practical application, for improving data user rate, sampling period i and k adopt the different cycles, and general satisfaction requires as follows:
k=i×N
Calculate after average treatment voltage, can be calculated as follows battery tension rate of change:
Voltage (k-1) after voltage (k)-average treatment after battery tension rate of change (k)=average treatment;
(3) the whether high judgement of accumulator electric-quantity; According to battery tension, battery tension rate of change and constant voltage charging time, judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is high; When start-stop enable signal is invalid, to whether accumulator electric-quantity is abundant, judge; Meet while requiring as follows at the same time, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is abundant:
1. battery tension is greater than generator rated voltage; 2. battery tension rate of change is greater than 0; 3. above 1. and 2. satisfied duration is greater than the limit value of setting simultaneously;
1. be in order to guarantee that accumulator enters constant-voltage charge state by constant-current charge, accumulator electric-quantity increases, and charging current decreases, and makes generator be operated in rated voltage;
2. be in order to guarantee accumulator in charging but not discharge condition;
3. be in order to guarantee that accumulator has enough constant voltage charging times, to make accumulator electric-quantity reach more state; Duration of charging limit value is the function of battery temp, and relation data is between the two stored in storer 4 with the form of two-dimensional data table, for battery condition monitoring algorithm, uses; This tables of data can obtain by following test:
Under condition of different temperatures, first accumulator is carried out to constant-current charge, voltage to be charged reaches after generator rated voltage, switch to constant-voltage charge, record the required constant voltage charging time of state-of-charge that accumulator reaches setting, can obtain condition 3. in the relation of duration of charging limit value and battery temp;
(4) the whether low judgement of accumulator electric-quantity; According to battery tension, battery tension rate of change and ageing state, judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is low; Effective at start-stop enable signal, and engine is when idle stop state, to whether accumulator electric-quantity is very few, judges, and concrete decision method is as follows: if battery tension is less than limit value, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is very few; Above-mentioned voltage limit value computing formula is as follows:
Limit value=basic limit value * aging coefficient
Wherein, basic limit value is obtained by test by new accumulator, is the function of battery temp and voltage change ratio, between relation with the form of three-dimensional data table, be stored in storer 4, for battery condition monitoring method, use; The relation of voltage limit value and temperature, voltage change ratio can obtain by following test:
Adopt new accumulator, under condition of different temperatures, with different discharge currents, accumulator is carried out to constant-current discharge, record is voltage and state-of-charge in the same time not; Then for the state-of-charge point of setting, extract corresponding voltage change ratio and voltage constantly with it; Finally, in conjunction with test temperature data, can obtain basic limit value three-dimensional data table, aging coefficient is the function of ageing state, and after accumulator is aging, actual capacity reduces, so under accumulator capacity fixing situation, the voltage of aging accumulator is higher than new accumulator; Aging coefficient is the voltage of aging accumulator and the ratio of new accumulator voltage, aging more serious accumulator, and this ratio is larger, thereby obtains the two-dimensional data table of aging coefficient and ageing state, and same, this tables of data is also stored in storer 4;
(5) judgement of idling start-stop enable signal; According to the electric weight of accumulator, judge, if be judged to be accumulator electric-quantity low (very few), start-stop enable signal is invalid, and now no matter whether other idle stop condition meets, and idling start-stop controller all should make engine in operating condition; If be judged to be accumulator electric-quantity high (enough),, in the situation that other idle stop condition is satisfied, idling start-stop controller can stop engine;
The decision logic of idling start-stop enable signal is: if current idling start-stop enable signal is effective, and accumulator electric-quantity is low, and idling start-stop enable signal is invalid; If current idling start-stop enable signal is invalid, and accumulator electric-quantity is high, idling start-stop enable signal is effective; Otherwise keep current idling start-stop enable signal state constant.
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of accumulator ageing state determination methods.Due to engine starting process voltage, to fall speed very fast, and for voltage falling process accurately being detected, the accumulator ageing state determination methods travelling speed shown in Fig. 5 is very fast, and computation period is 0.1ms.
Accumulator ageing state determination methods is since the first initialization module 61, and initialization is initialization one storage space in storer 4, for storing initial voltage and the minimum voltage of start-up course;
After initialization completes, enter the first high level module 62, to whether starting engine judges, determination methods is as follows: if starter motor status signal is the first high level, illustrate that starter motor is in running order, enter the first collection voltage module 63, gather start-up course initial voltage; If starter motor status signal is low level, illustrate that starter motor do not work, return to the first high level module 62, enter next cycle; First gathers voltage module 63 gathers battery tension, and is stored in storer 3, and this voltage is startup initial voltage, adopts the minimum voltage in this voltage initializes memory 3 simultaneously;
After collection battery tension completes, enter the second high level module 65, starter motor state is judged: if starter motor status signal is high level, starter motor work, needs to detect startup minimum voltage, enters the second collection voltage module 66; If starter motor status signal is low level, starter motor stops, and illustrates that start-up course finishes, and enters aging judge module 64;
Second gathers voltage module 66 completes after battery tension collection, enter the low module 67 of voltage, the minimum voltage of record in the battery tension of collection and storer 3 is compared: if the battery tension gathering is less than the minimum voltage in storer 3, enters and upgrade minimum voltage module 68; Otherwise, return to the second high level module 65, continue starter motor state to judge.Upgrade minimum voltage module 68 and adopt the battery tension that gathers more after the minimum voltage in new memory 3, return to the second high level module 65.The startup initial voltage of record in aging judge module 64 read memories 3, start-up course minimum voltage, initial voltage, start-up course minimum voltage and ageing state three-dimensional data table, adopt the method for the linear value of looking into obtain current accumulator ageing state, and export to accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7.Accumulator ageing state is that 0 expression accumulator is completely aging, is that 1 expression accumulator is new accumulator.
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of battery tension rate of change computing method of the present invention.Rate of change computing module 8 carries out the calculating of battery tension rate of change, and required engine status signal is exported by idling start-stop controller, for whether distinguishing engine in idle stop state.
Battery tension rate of change computing method are since the second initialization module 81, and initialization content comprises: initialization one space in storer 4, for memory counter, voltage accumulated value, voltage change ratio, average voltage level; The timer of initialization processor 3.After when completing, enter Active Timer module 82, the timer in resetting processor 3, and activate.83 pairs of timer times of judge module judge: when timer time reaches 1 second, enter voltage accumulation module 84; Otherwise return to module 83, continue timer time to judge.Voltage accumulation module 84 gathers battery tension, and is added to the voltage accumulated value of storage in storer 4, the counter in storer 4 is increased to 1 simultaneously.After completing, enter judge module 85, storer 4 Counter values are judged: if Counter Value is 30, enter rate of change computing module 86 calculating voltage rate of change; Otherwise, return to Active Timer module 82 and reactivate timer.Rate of change computing module 86 rate of change calculate and need complete following operation:
(1) according to following formula, calculate average voltage level:
(2) according to following formula calculating voltage rate of change:
Average voltage level-calculating average voltage level of calculating voltage rate of change=storer 4 storages;
(3) adopt to calculate the more average voltage level in new memory 4 of average voltage level.
Because battery tension temporal evolution is slower, especially, in the less situation of discharge current, the selection Ying Yineng of above-mentioned timer limit value sum counter limit value detects battery tension and is changed to benchmark.In the not obvious situation of voltage, can increase the cycle that voltage sample cycle and rate of change calculate.
Complete and after rate of change calculates, enter 87 pairs of engine conditions of idle stop module and judge: if engine in idle stop, enters rate of change, be not more than 0 module 88 and further calculating voltage rate of change judged; Otherwise, enter renewal rate of change module 89 and carry out rate of change renewal.During due to idle stop, accumulator is certainly in discharge condition, and voltage change ratio should be less than 0.If it should be the interference being caused by load variations that voltage change ratio is greater than 0.So rate of change is not more than in 0 module 88, rate of change is judged: if rate of change is not more than 0, enters new rate of change module 89 and upgrade voltage change ratio; Otherwise, voltage change ratio is not upgraded, directly enter counter reseting module 90.Counter reseting module 90 adopts the more voltage change ratio in new memory 4 export to accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7 and carry out accumulator electric-quantity judgement of the voltage change ratio that calculates.After the Counter Value of storage resets in 90 pairs of storeies 4 of counter reseting module, return to Active Timer module 82 and start a new voltage change ratio computation process.
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7 judgement accumulator electric-quantities of the present invention, and the computation period of this flow process is 10ms.Accumulator electric-quantity judge module 7 output idling start-stop enable signals, 0 represents that idling start-stop is invalid, even if now other idle stop condition meets, does not also allow idling start-stop controller to stop engine; 1 represents that idling start-stop is effective, and when other idling condition condition meets, idling start-stop controller can stop engine.
Accumulator electric-quantity determination methods is since the 3rd initialization module 71, and initialization procedure comprises: the timer of initialization processor 3; Initializes memory 4 spaces are used for storing idling start-stop enable signal.After completing initialization, enter voltage > 12.3V module 72, initial idling start-stop enable signal is judged, determination methods is as follows:
If battery tension >12.3V, enters the effective module 74 of the first idling start-stop and makes idling start-stop effective; Otherwise entering the invalid module 73 of idling start-stop makes idling start-stop invalid.Just powering on the initial stage, can be similar to and think that battery tension is open-circuit voltage, therefore, can be according to setting the battery tension limit value of the corresponding battery open-circuit voltage of state-of-charge as the initial idling enable signal judgement of voltage > 12.3V module 72.The effective module 74 of the first idling start-stop more idling start-stop enable signal in new memory 4 is 1, and exports to idling start-stop controller.Idling start-stop have or not module 73 more the idling start-stop enable signal in new memory 4 be 0, and export to idling start-stop controller.Complete entering 75 pairs of current idling start-stop enabled state of the effective module of the second idling start-stop after initialization judgement and judge, determination methods is as follows: idling start-stop is effective, enters idle stop module 76 and further engine condition is judged; Otherwise, enter the high module 78 of electric weight and judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is abundant, with the idling start-stop enable signal in new memory 4 more.Due to when the engine running, without the state that carries out storage battery quantity not sufficient, judge, only at idle stop, under battery discharging state, for guaranteeing next startup ability and electrobalance, just need to accumulator electric-quantity, whether deficiency judges.So the determination methods of idle stop module 76 is as follows: if in idle stop state, enter whether 77 pairs of accumulator electric-quantities of the low module of electric weight are low judges; Otherwise, return to the effective module 75 of the second idling start-stop and start next circulation.The determination methods of the low module 77 of electric weight is: if battery tension is less than limit value, illustrate that accumulator electric-quantity is too low, enter the invalid module 73 of idling start-stop and make idling start-stop invalid; Otherwise return the second idling start-stop and effectively return the next circulation of module 75 beginning.The low module 77 of electric weight judges that the whether too low voltage limit value of electric weight is calculated by following formula:
Limit value=basic limit value * aging coefficient.
Wherein, basic limit value, by battery temp and voltage change ratio, obtains by linear interpolation by battery temp, voltage change ratio and the voltage limit value three-dimensional data table of storing in storer 4.Aging coefficient, according to the ageing state of module 6 outputs, obtains according to the ageing state in storer 4 and aging coefficient 2-D data linear interpolation.The method that the high module 78 of electric weight is carried out the high judgement of accumulator electric-quantity is as follows: if meet following requirement simultaneously: (one) battery tension >14.3V, (2) battery tension rate of change is not less than 0, (3) condition () and (two) satisfied time is greater than 20 minutes simultaneously, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is high, enter the effective module 74 of the first idling start-stop and make idling start-stop effective; Otherwise, return to the effective module 75 of the second idling start-stop and start next circulation.Battery tension limit value in above-mentioned condition () is generator rated voltage.The time limit value that condition (three) requires, determines to setting the required time of state-of-charge according to accumulator constant-voltage charge.
Claims (3)
1. the monitoring device to battery condition for idling start-stop system, the storer (4) that comprise processor (3), is connected with processor, is characterized in that:
One end of one voltage sensor (2) is connected with described processor (3), and the other end of voltage sensor is connected with the positive pole of accumulator (1), and this voltage sensor is for detection of battery tension;
One end of one temperature sensor (5) is connected with the AD mouth of described processor (3), and the temperature sensor other end is connected with the positive pole of accumulator (1); This temperature sensor is used for measuring battery temp, and temperature signal is converted into analog quantity, by the AD mouth of processor, is gathered;
The digital input port of described processor (3) receives the status signal of starter motor, and starter motor status signal obtains by detecting the power supply signal of starter motor.
According to claim 1 a kind of for idling start-stop system the monitoring device to battery condition, it is characterized in that: described processor (3) is processor independently, or merge with other processor on automobile, as engine controller, idling start-stop controller.
3. the monitoring method to battery condition for idling start-stop system, this monitoring method right to use requires the monitoring device of the battery condition described in 1, and its step is as follows:
(1) accumulator ageing state judgement; In the engine start stage, according to the battery tension and the minimum voltage in start-up course that start initial time, estimate accumulator ageing state;
(2) calculating accumulator voltage change ratio; At engine, during in idle stop state, carry out the calculating of battery tension rate of change, and when other state, do not calculate battery tension rate of change;
Because battery tension temporal evolution is slower, and load current is when change, and easily produces fluctuation, so, adopt calculating accumulator voltage change ratio with the following method:
First with the larger sampling period, as 1s carries out continuous several times sampling to battery tension, as 60 times, then a plurality of battery tensions of continuous sampling are processed by following formula:
Voltage after average treatment
battery tension (i),
Wherein, i and k are the sampling periods, and N is sampling number; In practical application, for improving data user rate, sampling period i and k adopt the different cycles, and general satisfaction requires as follows:
k=i×N
Calculate after average treatment voltage, can be calculated as follows battery tension rate of change:
Voltage (k-1) after voltage (k)-average treatment after battery tension rate of change (k)=average treatment;
(3) the whether high judgement of accumulator electric-quantity; According to battery tension, battery tension rate of change and constant voltage charging time, judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is high; When start-stop enable signal is invalid, to whether accumulator electric-quantity is abundant, judge; Meet while requiring as follows at the same time, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is abundant:
1. battery tension is greater than generator rated voltage; 2. battery tension rate of change is greater than 0; 3. above 1. and 2. satisfied duration is greater than the limit value of setting simultaneously;
1. be in order to guarantee that accumulator enters constant-voltage charge state by constant-current charge, accumulator electric-quantity increases, and charging current decreases, and makes generator be operated in rated voltage;
2. be in order to guarantee accumulator in charging but not discharge condition;
3. be in order to guarantee that accumulator has enough constant voltage charging times, to make accumulator electric-quantity reach more state; Duration of charging limit value is the function of battery temp, and relation data is between the two stored in storer 4 with the form of two-dimensional data table, for battery condition monitoring algorithm, uses; This tables of data can obtain by following test:
Under condition of different temperatures, first accumulator is carried out to constant-current charge, voltage to be charged reaches after generator rated voltage, switch to constant-voltage charge, record the required constant voltage charging time of state-of-charge that accumulator reaches setting, can obtain condition 3. in the relation of duration of charging limit value and battery temp;
(4) the whether low judgement of accumulator electric-quantity; According to battery tension, battery tension rate of change and ageing state, judge that whether accumulator electric-quantity is low; Effective at start-stop enable signal, and engine is when idle stop state, to whether accumulator electric-quantity is very few, judges, and concrete decision method is as follows: if battery tension is less than limit value, judge that accumulator electric-quantity is very few; Above-mentioned voltage limit value computing formula is as follows:
Limit value=basic limit value * aging coefficient
Wherein, basic limit value is obtained by test by new accumulator, is the function of battery temp and voltage change ratio, between relation with the form of three-dimensional data table, be stored in storer 4, for battery condition monitoring method, use; The relation of voltage limit value and temperature, voltage change ratio can obtain by following test:
Adopt new accumulator, under condition of different temperatures, with different discharge currents, accumulator is carried out to constant-current discharge, record is voltage and state-of-charge in the same time not; Then for the state-of-charge point of setting, extract corresponding voltage change ratio and voltage constantly with it; Finally, in conjunction with test temperature data, can obtain basic limit value three-dimensional data table, aging coefficient is the function of ageing state, and after accumulator is aging, actual capacity reduces, so under accumulator capacity fixing situation, the voltage of aging accumulator is higher than new accumulator; Aging coefficient is the voltage of aging accumulator and the ratio of new accumulator voltage, aging more serious accumulator, and this ratio is larger, thereby obtains the two-dimensional data table of aging coefficient and ageing state, and same, this tables of data is also stored in storer 4;
(5) judgement of idling start-stop enable signal; According to the electric weight of accumulator, judge, if it is low to be judged to be accumulator electric-quantity, start-stop enable signal is invalid, and now no matter whether other idle stop condition meets, and idling start-stop controller all should make engine in operating condition; If it is high to be judged to be accumulator electric-quantity,, in the situation that other idle stop condition is satisfied, idling start-stop controller can stop engine;
The decision logic of idling start-stop enable signal is: if current idling start-stop enable signal is effective, and accumulator electric-quantity is low, and idling start-stop enable signal is invalid; If current idling start-stop enable signal is invalid, and accumulator electric-quantity is high, idling start-stop enable signal is effective; Otherwise keep current idling start-stop enable signal state constant.
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