CN103528695A - Sampling single-photon detector and self-adaptive differential judgment method thereof - Google Patents
Sampling single-photon detector and self-adaptive differential judgment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sampling single-photon detector and a self-adaptive differential judgment method thereof. The sampling single-photon detector comprises an APD (avalanche photodiode) circuit, the signal output end of the APD circuit is sequentially connected in series with a sampling circuit and a digital signal processing circuit, and the connection between the digital signal processing circuit and a memory circuit is two-way. The self-adaptive differential judgment method of the sampling single-photon detector includes the following steps: the APD circuit is adopted to detect input photons and output photo-generated current; the photo-generated current outputted by the APD circuit is sampled, and real-time data are stored in the memory circuit; in the digital signal processing circuit, self-adaptive differential processing is carried out on the current detection data and the latest detection data which is stored in the memory circuit in the absence of single photon input, and a processing result is then compared with a judgment threshold for judgment. The invention provides a reasonable method to reasonably process original APD digital signals and carry out self-adaptive adjustment on the direct-current level shifts of signals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single-photon detecting survey technology, especially use the single-photon detector of avalanche photo diode (APD), specifically a kind of sampling single-photon detector and adaptive differential decision method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the single-photon detector of known use avalanche photodide is comprised of APD circuit and comparison discriminator circuit.APD works in Geiger mode angular position digitizer under the driving of gating pulse, surveys input photon, output photogenerated current.Relatively discriminator circuit detects the threshold value whether electric current surpasses setting, adjudicates accordingly single-photon detector and whether has detected photon.In order to suppress the spike noise of gating pulse in APD output, conventionally can adopt the methods [the development ，Liu Yun， China Science & Technology University doctorate paper of ultrared single-photon detector] such as difference channel, concentric cable reflection, synchronous gate.But, these methods are all at analog domain, the output signal of APD to be processed and adjudicated, not by signal digitalized, therefore, can not utilize the method for digital signal processing to obtain better inhibition, also cannot carry out self-adaptation adjustment to the DC level drift of signal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to fail original APD digital signal reasonably to process for available circuit, and the DC level drift of signal is carried out to the problem of self-adaptation adjustment, propose a kind of sampling single-photon detector and adaptive differential decision method thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of sampling single-photon detector, it comprises APD circuit, signal output part at APD circuit is connected in series sample circuit and digital signal processing circuit successively, described sample circuit is converted to digital signal by the simulating signal of APD circuit output, the digital signal output end of aforementioned sample circuit is connected with the signal input part of digital signal processing circuit, and digital signal processing circuit is connected with memory circuit is two-way.
An adaptive differential decision method for single-photon detector, application sample single-photon detector, it comprises the following steps:
Adopt APD circuit to survey input photon, output photogenerated current;
Photogenerated current to APD circuit output is sampled, obtain the digital signal of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit by real-time data memory in memory circuit;
In digital signal processing circuit, detection data when the last time of current detection data and memory circuit preservation is not had to single photon input carries out adaptive differential processing, then, by result and decision threshold comparison, adjudicates.
Concrete steps of the present invention are:
(a), decision threshold that sampling single-photon detector is set is D, selects one knownly not have the cycle of single photon input to start to survey;
(b) adopt APD circuit to survey input photon, photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal p of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal p of current period photogenerated current and its DC level l in memory circuit, and p and l are APD output and the DC level thereof of the last time while there is no single photon input;
(c), (b) method of pressing is carried out the single photon detection of next cycle, and the digital signal of photogenerated current and DC level thereof is saved as respectively to q and m;
(d), calculate the difference r of current period and each sampling number certificate of digital signal of the last photogenerated current that there is no a single photon input cycle, r=q-p, the drift of deducting APD avalanche characteristic from sampled result;
(e), calculate the difference detecting value s=r-(m-l) of each sampling number certificate, from difference r, the further flat drift of deduction APD circuit DC, obtains difference detecting result;
(f), each point value in difference detecting value s and decision threshold D are compared successively, if the arbitrary point value in s is larger than D, judgement is for detecting single photon, and turns (c); If all point values in s are all little than D, judgement, for not detecting single photon, changes q to be designated as p, and m is changed and is designated as l, then turns (c).
Decision threshold D of the present invention has deducted drift and the flat drift of APD circuit DC of APD avalanche characteristic, and setting steps is:
(a), select a detect cycle not input single photon, photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal p of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal p of current period photogenerated current and its DC level l in memory circuit, and p and l are current APD output and DC level thereof while there is no single photon input;
(b), at the next detect cycle input single photon of immediately (a), photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal q of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal q of current period photogenerated current and its DC level m in memory circuit, and q and m are current APD output and DC level thereof while having single photon input;
(c), calculate the difference r of current period and each sampling number certificate of digital signal of the last photogenerated current that there is no a single photon input cycle, r=q-p, obtained deducting APD avalanche characteristic drift have single photon input time sampled result;
(e), calculate the difference detecting value s of each sampling number certificate, s=r-(m-l), i.e. the further flat drift of deduction APD circuit DC from r, obtains the difference detecting result of APD circuit two detect cycles in succession in front and back;
(f) the each point data screening, from s goes out peak value, is designated as k;
(g), repeating step (a)-(f) repeatedly;
(h), the k of each time is chosen from big to small one by one, and successively calculate the ratio that the k that is not less than selected value accounts for all k;
, by the product comparison of the quantum efficiency of each calculated ratio and APD used and avalanche probability thereof, find to be not more than but close to the aritical ratio of this product, when this ratio is calculated, selected k is designated as the optimal threshold d that epicycle is surveyed;
(j), repetition (a)-(i) repeatedly, calculate the arithmetic mean of a plurality of d, as final decision threshold D.
DC level l of the present invention is the arithmetic mean of each sampling number certificate of the digital signal p of photogenerated current.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The invention provides a kind of rational method original APD digital signal is reasonably processed, and the DC level drift of signal is carried out to self-adaptation adjustment.
In the present invention, because p is the APD output while inputting without single photon from q is recent, the spike noise in q and p is almost identical, so (q-p) this difference result can be rejected the spike noise comprising in q substantially; Owing to having preserved average l and the m of p and q, so, (m-l) this difference result can reflect the drift of the DC level of APD output, this drift is deducted from previous difference result, [(q-p)-(m-l)], just realized DC level drift has been carried out to self-adaptation adjustment.This result and threshold value are relatively adjudicated, just can complete judgement accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of sampling single-photon detector, it comprises APD circuit, it is characterized in that being connected in series successively sample circuit and digital signal processing circuit at the signal output part of APD circuit, described sample circuit is converted to digital signal by the simulating signal of APD circuit output, the digital signal output end of aforementioned sample circuit is connected with the signal input part of digital signal processing circuit, and digital signal processing circuit is connected with memory circuit is two-way.
An adaptive differential decision method for single-photon detector, application sample single-photon detector, it comprises the following steps:
Adopt APD circuit to survey input photon, output photogenerated current;
Photogenerated current to APD circuit output is sampled, obtain the digital signal of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit by real-time data memory in memory circuit;
In digital signal processing circuit, detection data when the last time of current detection data and memory circuit preservation is not had to single photon input carries out adaptive differential processing, then, by result and decision threshold comparison, adjudicates.
Concrete steps of the present invention are:
(a), decision threshold that sampling single-photon detector is set is D, selects one knownly not have the cycle of single photon input to start to survey;
(b) adopt APD circuit to survey input photon, photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal p of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal p of current period photogenerated current and its DC level l in memory circuit, and p and l are APD output and the DC level thereof of the last time while there is no single photon input;
(c), (b) method of pressing is carried out the single photon detection of next cycle, and the digital signal of photogenerated current and DC level thereof is saved as respectively to q and m;
(d), calculate the difference r of current period and each sampling number certificate of digital signal of the last photogenerated current that there is no a single photon input cycle, r=q-p, the drift of deducting APD avalanche characteristic from sampled result;
(e), calculate the difference detecting value s=r-(m-l) of each sampling number certificate, from difference r, the further flat drift of deduction APD circuit DC, obtains difference detecting result;
(f), each point value in difference detecting value s and decision threshold D are compared successively, if the arbitrary point value in s is larger than D, judgement is for detecting single photon, and turns (c); If all point values in s are all little than D, judgement, for not detecting single photon, changes q to be designated as p, and m is changed and is designated as l, then turns (c).
Decision threshold D of the present invention has deducted drift and the flat drift of APD circuit DC of APD avalanche characteristic, and setting steps is:
(a), select a detect cycle not input single photon, photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal p of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal p of current period photogenerated current and its DC level l in memory circuit, and p and l are current APD output and DC level thereof while there is no single photon input;
(b), at the next detect cycle input single photon of immediately (a), photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal q of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal q of current period photogenerated current and its DC level m in memory circuit, and q and m are current APD output and DC level thereof while having single photon input;
(c), calculate the difference r of current period and each sampling number certificate of digital signal of the last photogenerated current that there is no a single photon input cycle, r=q-p, obtained deducting APD avalanche characteristic drift have single photon input time sampled result;
(e), calculate the difference detecting value s of each sampling number certificate, s=r-(m-l), i.e. the further flat drift of deduction APD circuit DC from r, obtains the difference detecting result of APD circuit two detect cycles in succession in front and back;
(f) the each point data screening, from s goes out peak value, is designated as k;
(g), repeating step (a)-(f) repeatedly;
(h), the k of each time is chosen from big to small one by one, and successively calculate the ratio that the k that is not less than selected value accounts for all k;
, by the product comparison of the quantum efficiency of each calculated ratio and APD used and avalanche probability thereof, find to be not more than but close to the aritical ratio of this product, when this ratio is calculated, selected k is designated as the optimal threshold d that epicycle is surveyed;
(j), repetition (a)-(i) repeatedly, calculate the arithmetic mean of a plurality of d, as final decision threshold D.
DC level l of the present invention is the arithmetic mean of each sampling number certificate of the digital signal p of photogenerated current.
The invention provides a kind of rational method original APD digital signal is reasonably processed, and the DC level drift of signal is carried out to self-adaptation adjustment.
In the present invention, because p is the APD output while inputting without single photon from q is recent, the spike noise in q and p is almost identical, so (q-p) this difference result can be rejected the spike noise comprising in q substantially; Owing to having preserved average l and the m of p and q, so, (m-l) this difference result can reflect the drift of the DC level of APD output, this drift is deducted from previous difference result, [(q-p)-(m-l)], just realized DC level drift has been carried out to self-adaptation adjustment.This result and threshold value are relatively adjudicated, just can complete judgement accurately.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (5)
- One kind sampling single-photon detector, it comprises APD circuit, it is characterized in that being connected in series successively sample circuit and digital signal processing circuit at the signal output part of APD circuit, described sample circuit is converted to digital signal by the simulating signal of APD circuit output, the digital signal output end of aforementioned sample circuit is connected with the signal input part of digital signal processing circuit, and digital signal processing circuit is connected with memory circuit is two-way.
- 2. the sample adaptive differential decision method of single-photon detector, application rights requires the sampling single-photon detector described in 1, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:Adopt APD circuit to survey input photon, output photogenerated current;Photogenerated current to APD circuit output is sampled, obtain the digital signal of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit by real-time data memory in memory circuit;In digital signal processing circuit, detection data when the last time of current detection data and memory circuit preservation is not had to single photon input carries out adaptive differential processing, then, by result and decision threshold comparison, adjudicates.
- 3. the adaptive differential decision method of sampling single-photon detector according to claim 2, is characterized in that concrete steps are:(a), decision threshold that sampling single-photon detector is set is D, selects one knownly not have the cycle of single photon input to start to survey;(b) adopt APD circuit to survey input photon, photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal p of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal p of current period photogenerated current and its DC level l in memory circuit, and p and l are APD output and the DC level thereof of the last time while there is no single photon input;(c), (b) method of pressing is carried out the single photon detection of next cycle, and the digital signal of photogenerated current and DC level thereof is saved as respectively to q and m;(d), calculate the difference r of current period and each sampling number certificate of digital signal of the last photogenerated current that there is no a single photon input cycle, r=q-p, the drift of deducting APD avalanche characteristic from sampled result;(e), calculate the difference detecting value s=r-(m-l) of each sampling number certificate, from difference r, the further flat drift of deduction APD circuit DC, obtains difference detecting result;(f), each point value in difference detecting value s and decision threshold D are compared successively, if the arbitrary point value in s is larger than D, judgement is for detecting single photon, and turns (c); If all point values in s are all little than D, judgement, for not detecting single photon, changes q to be designated as p, and m is changed and is designated as l, then turns (c).
- 4. according to the adaptive differential decision method of the sampling single-photon detector described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that decision threshold D has deducted drift and the flat drift of APD circuit DC of APD avalanche characteristic, setting steps is:(a), select a detect cycle not input single photon, photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal p of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal p of current period photogenerated current and its DC level l in memory circuit, and p and l are current APD output and DC level thereof while there is no single photon input;(b), at the next detect cycle input single photon of immediately (a), photogenerated current to the output of APD circuit is sampled, obtain the digital signal q of photogenerated current and be sent to digital signal processing circuit, digital signal processing circuit is stored in the digital signal q of current period photogenerated current and its DC level m in memory circuit, and q and m are current APD output and DC level thereof while having single photon input;(c), calculate the difference r of current period and each sampling number certificate of digital signal of the last photogenerated current that there is no a single photon input cycle, r=q-p, obtained deducting APD avalanche characteristic drift have single photon input time sampled result;(e), calculate the difference detecting value s of each sampling number certificate, s=r-(m-l), i.e. the further flat drift of deduction APD circuit DC from r, obtains the difference detecting result of APD circuit two detect cycles in succession in front and back;(f) the each point data screening, from s goes out peak value, is designated as k;(g), repeating step (a)-(f) repeatedly;(h), the k of each time is chosen from big to small one by one, and successively calculate the ratio that the k that is not less than selected value accounts for all k;, by the product comparison of the quantum efficiency of each calculated ratio and APD used and avalanche probability thereof, find to be not more than but close to the aritical ratio of this product, when this ratio is calculated, selected k is designated as the optimal threshold d that epicycle is surveyed;(j), repetition (a)-(i) repeatedly, calculate the arithmetic mean of a plurality of d, as final decision threshold D.
- 5. the adaptive differential decision method of sampling single-photon detector according to claim 2, is characterized in that DC level l is the arithmetic mean of each sampling number certificate of the digital signal p of photogenerated current.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105136317A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-09 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Single-point sampling decision single-photon detector and sampling decision method thereof |
| CN112825514A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-21 | 默升科技集团有限公司 | Multi-functional level detector for SerDes |
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