CN103498643B - A kind of composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir. The invention belongs to oil field development technical field. A kind of composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, be characterized in: composite slug deep shutoff method is to utilize different blocking agent characteristics design composite slugs, high strength blocking agent is near wellbore zone slug, moderate strength blocking agent is at zone of transition slug, and the design of low-intensity blocking agent is at well far away area slug; High strength blocking agent adopts foamable gel class blocking agent, and moderate strength blocking agent adopts inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent, and low-intensity blocking agent adopts phenolic gel plugging agent. The present invention have technique rationally, be easy to the long and asepsis environment-protecting of construction, the water blockoff term of validity, can realize selective deep water blockoff, not only can shutoff high aquifer formation section but also do not injure oil reservoir, and also the water blockoff term of validity is long, effectively reduce oil well liquid-producing moisture content, ensure the advantages such as the normal production in oil field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil field development technical field, particularly relate to a kind of composite slug deep water blockoff for high water-cut reservoirMethod.
Background technology
At present, along with oil field development enters the middle and later periods, well water is day by day serious, and the average moisture of oil well reaches at presentMore than 80%, after a large amount of water outlets of oil well, not only increase sewage load and the disposal cost of multi-purpose station, increase the weight of surface lineCorrosion and scaling, and well water also can cause stratum energy to decline, the stratum problem such as shake out in a large number. Well water risesCause the main cause that oil well and even field output decline and decline rate is accelerated, well water is more, and the harm causing justLarger. Therefore how water-yielding stratum is carried out to effective shutoff, controls water ratio in oil well and rise, keep oilfield stable production and volume increase,Become the problem that must face in high water-cut reservoir development process.
What oil field was now the most frequently used is chemical water shutoff method, mainly refers to and takes process matched therewith measure to inject chemical plugging agent to reservoirShutoff high permeability zone or high yield water layer, realize the object of oil well liquid-producing control water. Techniques of chemical water plugging have blocking agent wide material sources,Construction technology is simple, relatively advantages of higher of water blockoff success rate, but conventional chemical gel plugging agent be subject to reservoir salinity, temperature,The impact of the many factors such as pressure, shearing, causes the gelation time of frozen glue, intensity wayward, and abrasion resistance is poor, therebyCause water blockoff short effective time; The design of conventional water-plugging technology does not often match with blocking agent performance in addition, as blocking agent place distance,The technological measure designs such as operation pressure, infusion speed are unreasonable, cause frozen glue injury oil reservoir or water to stream very soon on stratum, makeThe one-tenth water blockoff term of validity is short or success rate is low, and effect of increasing production is poor. Therefore, existing Oil Field water-blocking operation exists blocking agent dirtTechnical problems such as dying, easily stifledly easily open, the term of validity is short, effect of increasing production is poor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of composite slug for high water-cut reservoir dark for solving the technical problem existing in known technologyPortion's shutoff method.
The object of this invention is to provide one have technique rationally, be easy to the long and asepsis environment-protecting of construction, the water blockoff term of validity, can be realNow selective deep water blockoff, not only can shutoff high aquifer formation section but also do not injure oil reservoir, and the water blockoff term of validity is long, effectively reduces oilyWell production fluid moisture content, the composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir of the features such as the normal production in guarantee oil field.
The present invention is as follows for the composite slug deep water blockoff design of high water-cut reservoir:
(1) composite slug design: according to different blocking agent characteristics, reasonable combination blocking agent, design polygamy side composite slug, heightIntensity blocking agent designs near wellbore zone, and the design of low-intensity blocking agent is in well far away area, and zone of transition designs the blocking agent section of moderate strengthPlug, thus the blocking agent that configures different qualities reasonably combined.
Phenolic gel plugging agent is cross-linked and is obtained by emulsion polymer and pre-polymerization type phenolic resins, has gelation time long, becomesThe characteristics such as glue intensity is weak, good springiness, resistance to shearing, are designed for well far away area blocking agent slug.
Inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent is obtained by the emulsion polymer of resistance to shearing and inorganic chromium crosslinking agent, has gelation time lengthThe characteristics such as controlled, gelling strength is adjustable, good stability, according to process requirements, can be designed to that gelation time is moderate, intensityHigh zone of transition blocking agent slug.
Foamable gel class blocking agent be a kind of be the base material double component high polymer of modification in addition by polyurethane polymer, there is gellingTime is short, intensity is high, withstand voltage water-fast erosion is strong, without features such as permeability, be designed near wellbore zone macropore blocking agent sectionPlug, plays strong sealing effect.
(2) selectively pump into technological design: according to reservoir properties, the reasonable in design technique that selectively pumps into, makes blocking agent energyEffectively enter high aquifer formation, avoid polluted reservoir, to bring into play the plugging action of composite slug, improve the success rate of water blockoff.
For the obvious reservoir of heterogeneity, utilize in-place permeability difference to carry out Selective implantation; Sewage from oil-well is edgeHigh permeability zone is charged into oil reservoir, because high permeability formation is low flow resistance layer, preferentially enters high permeability zone so inject the blocking agent of oil well,Be generally high aquifer formation, produce Selective implantation.
Utilize phase permeability difference to carry out Selective implantation; Water base blocking agent preferentially enters the stratum that water saturation is high, thereby producesRaw Selective implantation;
Utilize low injection rate to carry out Selective implantation; Low injection rate certainly leads to low injection pressure, at this moment injects blocking agent meetingThe high permeability zone that preferably enters flow resistance minimum reaches the object of selective water plugging.
(3) Deep channel blocking technological design: the water blockoff term of validity is short often because blocking agent is streamed, forms again new excellent very soonGesture water stream channel causes, and the blocking agent that is subject to by the time of streaming of blocking agent is placed the impact of distance, therefore reasonably designs blocking agentLaying method and position, just can extend blocking agent by the time of streaming, extend the term of validity of blocking agent.
Lab design rock core displacement is simulated displacement test, obtains the relation of plug agent amount and plugging effect or recovery ratio;
The distance that blocking agent is placed is far away, more can control streaming of water at the bottom of limit or injected water, more can extend the water blockoff term of validity;
Take economic benefit into consideration, the water blockoff radius of appropriate design the best, and calculate a point slug plug agent amount;
For avoiding blocking agent to cause reservoir damage in the shutoff of perforation place, designed displacement fluid blocking agent was replaced to stratum, cross displacement fluidViscosity higher than the viscosity of the last slug blocking agent of blocking agent.
After water-blocking operation finishes, according to rational closed-in time of blocking agent characteristics design and opening well and making production system. After water blockoff drives a wellThe production initial stage reduces producing pressure differential or puts little oil nozzle exploitation, along with the time is amplified producing pressure differential gradually to normal level.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the composite slug deep shutoff method of high water-cut reservoir is:
For a composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, be characterized in: composite slug deep shutoff method isUtilize different blocking agent characteristics to carry out composite slug, high strength blocking agent is near wellbore zone slug, and moderate strength blocking agent is at zone of transitionSlug, the design of low-intensity blocking agent is at well far away area slug; High strength blocking agent adopts foamable gel class blocking agent, moderate strength blocking agentAdopt inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent, low-intensity blocking agent adopts phenolic gel plugging agent.
The present invention can also adopt following technical scheme for the composite slug deep shutoff method of high water-cut reservoir:
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: composite slug deep shutoff methodBe to utilize different blocking agent characteristics to carry out composite slug, high strength blocking agent is near wellbore zone slug, and moderate strength blocking agent is on transition groundBand slug, the design of low-intensity blocking agent is at well far away area slug; High strength blocking agent adopts foamable gel class blocking agent, and moderate strength is stifledAgent adopts inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent, and low-intensity blocking agent adopts phenolic gel plugging agent.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: phenolic gel plugging agent is by breastLiquid polymer and pre-polymerization type phenolic resins is crosslinked to be obtained; Preparation process is to adopt the water Bao Shuiju third that concentration is 1.0-3.0%Alkene acid amides emulsion, stirring and dissolving; Then adding concentration is the pre-polymerization type phenolic resins of 0.5-1.0%, finally adds0.01-0.05% sodium thiosulfate stabilizing agent _, stir and obtain phenolic resins frozen glue.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent be byThe emulsion polymer of resistance to shearing obtains with inorganic chromium crosslinking agent; Preparation process is to adopt the Water-In-Oil that concentration is 1.5-2.0% poly-Acrylamide emulsion, then to add concentration be 0.02-0.1%OP10 surfactant, stirring and dissolving; Then add concentration to be0.05-0.2% potassium bichromate+0.3-0.8% thiocarbamide crosslinking agent, is all dissolved in polymer solution; Finally add 0.1-0.25%Calcium lignosulfonate+0.01-0.05% sodium thiosulfate stabilizing agent; Stir and obtain thiocarbamide chromium gel blocking agent.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: foamable gel class blocking agent is by gatheringAmmonia esters polymer is the in addition double component high polymer of modification of base material, and preparation process is that to adopt concentration be 0.5-2% water Bao ShuijuAcrylamide emulsion, stirring and dissolving; Adding concentration is 2.0-5.0% base polyurethane prepolymer for use as again, mixes, and obtains foamingGelling Plugging Agent.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: take to select according to reservoir propertiesProperty pumps into technique, makes blocking agent can effectively enter high aquifer formation, avoids polluted reservoir, for the reservoir of heterogeneity, and profitCarry out Selective implantation by stratum permeability contrast, make blocking agent preferentially enter high permeability zone.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: take to select according to reservoir propertiesProperty pumps into technique, utilizes phase permeability difference to carry out Selective implantation, and water base blocking agent preferentially enters the stratum that water saturation is high,Thereby generation Selective implantation.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: take to select according to reservoir propertiesProperty pump into technique, utilize low injection rate to carry out Selective implantation, low injection rate produces low injection pressure, injects blocking agent meetingThe high permeability zone that preferably enters flow resistance minimum carries out selective water plugging.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: when composite slug, and Deep channel blockingThe water blockoff radius of process using the best, and calculate a point slug plug agent amount.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: water blockoff radius is according to reservoir characteristicsAdopt dynamic design with storage.
The described composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, is characterized in: when composite slug, for avoiding stifledAgent causes reservoir damage in the shutoff of perforation place, uses displacement fluid that blocking agent is replaced to stratum, crosses the viscosity of displacement fluid higher than stifledThe viscosity of the last slug blocking agent of agent.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
For the composite slug deep shutoff method of high water-cut reservoir owing to having adopted the brand-new technical scheme of the present invention, withPrior art is compared, and the present invention is dynamic according to the reservoir characteristics of high water cut oil field and hole condition, formulates composite slug blocking agent and deepEnvelope is altered technique. Divide slug design according to blocking agent performance, orientation is developed the each of dissimilar, different gelation times, varying strengthSlug blocking agent formula, and formulate corresponding process matched therewith scheme, excellent apart from the current of reservoir perforation diverse location for shutoffGesture passage, realizes the object of oil well liquid-producing control water.
Water-plugging technique of the present invention compared with conventional chemical Gelling Water-plugging, its blocking agent function admirable, technological design rationally, be easy to executeWork, water blockoff term of validity length and asepsis environment-protecting. Utilize this technology can realize selective deep water blockoff, on the one hand can shutoff height moistureInterval and do not injure oil reservoir; By Deep channel blocking technological design, extend the water blockoff term of validity, thereby effectively reduce oil well in additionProduction fluid moisture content, ensures that oil field normally produces.
Detailed description of the invention
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic, hereby exemplify following examples, and describe in detailAs follows:
Embodiment 1
For a composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, be characterized in utilizing different blocking agent characteristics to answerClose slug, high strength blocking agent is near wellbore zone slug, and moderate strength blocking agent is at zone of transition slug, and the design of low-intensity blocking agent existsWell far away area slug; High strength blocking agent adopts foamable gel class blocking agent, and moderate strength blocking agent adopts inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent,Low-intensity blocking agent adopts phenolic gel plugging agent.
Phenolic gel plugging agent is cross-linked and is obtained by emulsion polymer and pre-polymerization type phenolic resins; Preparation process is that employing is denseDegree is the water bag water polyacrylamide emulsion of 1-3%, stirring and dissolving; Then adding concentration is the pre-polymerization type phenolic aldehyde of 0.5-1.0%Resin, finally adds 0.01-0.05% sodium thiosulfate stabilizing agent, stirs and obtains phenolic resins frozen glue.
Inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent is obtained by the emulsion polymer of resistance to shearing and inorganic chromium crosslinking agent; Preparation process is to adoptConcentration is the Water-In-Oil polyacrylamide emulsion of 1.5-2.0%, then to add concentration be 0.02-0.1%OP10 surfactant,Stirring and dissolving; Then adding concentration is 0.05-0.2% potassium bichromate+0.3-0.8% thiocarbamide crosslinking agent, is all dissolved into polymerizationIn thing solution; Finally add 0.1-0.25% calcium lignosulfonate+0.01-0.05% sodium thiosulfate stabilizing agent; StirObtain thiocarbamide chromium gel blocking agent.
Foamable gel class blocking agent is to be the base material double component high polymer of modification in addition by polyurethane polymer, and preparation process is to adoptWith concentration be 0.5-2% water bag water polyacrylamide emulsion, stirring and dissolving; Adding concentration is the pre-polymerization of 2.0-5.0% polyurethane againBody, mixes, and obtains foamable gel blocking agent.
When the present embodiment carries out composite slug, take selectively to pump into technique according to reservoir properties, blocking agent can be entered effectivelyHigh aquifer formation, avoids polluted reservoir, for the reservoir of heterogeneity, utilizes in-place permeability difference to carry out Selective implantation,Make blocking agent preferentially enter high permeability zone. Take selectively to pump into technique according to reservoir properties, utilize phase permeability difference to selectSelecting property is injected, and water base blocking agent preferentially enters the stratum that water saturation is high, thereby produces Selective implantation. According to reservoir propertiesTake selectively to pump into technique, utilize low injection rate to carry out Selective implantation, low injection rate produces low injection pressure, noteEnter the high permeability zone that blocking agent can preferably enter flow resistance minimum and carry out selective water plugging. When composite slug, Deep channel blocking techniqueAdopt best water blockoff radius, and calculate a point slug plug agent amount. Water blockoff radius is adopted dynamically and is established according to reservoir characteristics and storageMeter. For avoiding blocking agent to cause reservoir damage in the shutoff of perforation place, used displacement fluid that blocking agent is replaced to stratum, cross displacement fluidViscosity higher than the viscosity of the last slug blocking agent of blocking agent.
Embodiment 2
For a composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, the composite slug specific implementation process of its water-plugging techniqueAs follows:
Preposition slug: select phenolic gel plugging agent; Adopt the water-in-water emulsion that concentration is 2.0%, stir fully and dissolve;Then adding concentration is 1.0% pre-polymerization type phenolic resins, finally adds 0.1%, stirs and obtains phenolic resins frozen glue.This gel plugging agent adopts the water of resistance to shearing bag water polyacrylamide emulsion, and shear resistant is strong; Gelation time is 120h, and plastic is strongDegree D(gel code), good springiness; Heatproof 70-120 DEG C, 80 DEG C aging stablizes 180 days without broken glue phenomenon.
Transition slug: select inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent; Adopt the Water-In-Oil polyacrylamide emulsion that concentration is 1.5-2.0%,Adding concentration is 0.05%OP10 surfactant again, stirring and dissolving; Then adding concentration is 0.1% potassium bichromate+0.45%Thiocarbamide crosslinking agent, is all dissolved in polymer solution; Finally add 0.13% calcium lignosulfonate+0.1% stabilizing agent; StirMix and evenly obtain thiocarbamide chromium gel blocking agent. This blocking agent adopts Water-In-Oil polyacrylamide emulsion, resistance to shearing; Gelation time 72hLeft and right, gelling strength E → F(gel code); Heatproof 40-90 DEG C, 60 DEG C aging 270 days, 80 DEG C aging stablizes 150It is without broken glue phenomenon, and stability is strong.
Nearly well slug: select foamable gel class blocking agent; Adopting concentration is 1.0% water bag water polyacrylamide emulsion, and stirring is filledDivide and dissolve; Adding concentration is 3% modified polyurethane prepolymer again, mixes, and obtains foamable gel blocking agent. This blocking agent glueSolidifying time 3-8h, the high G(gel of intensity code) nonelastic, without permeability; Heatproof 45-120 DEG C, withstand voltage 40MPa,Soaking-resistant is greater than 180 days to be stablized, selective without profit, needs injection technology to coordinate to avoid injuring oil reservoir.
Embodiment 3
For a composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, the shut-off capacity of its gel plugging agent, adopts fill out sand tubeRock core is evaluated it, measures the performance of inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent.
Blocking agent formula is 1.8% water-in-oil emulsion polyacrylamide+0.05%OP-10+0.1%K2Cr2O7+ 0.50% thiocarbamide+_ 0.13%Calcium lignosulfonate+0.1% sodium thiosulfate stabilizing agent.
Experimentation is: selects three fill out sand tube in parallel (φ 38*500mm), is designed to respectively high, medium and low permeability,Water drive to pressure stability is surveyed permeability k before its shutoffwo; Then prepare above-mentioned formula frozen glue, inject 0.4PV, then inject0.1PV water carried out replacement, then fill out sand tube was stablized 3 days to water drive again after the complete plastic of blocking agent at 80 DEG C of insulating boxsTo pressure stability, permeability k after survey reservoir core pluggingw1, and calculate sealing ratiod. Experimental result is in table 1.
Table 1 gel plugging agent sealing ratiod experimental result
| Rock core | Initial permeability (μ m2) | Permeability (μ m after stifled2) | Sealing ratiod (%) |
| High permeability formation | 5.917 | 0.246 | 95.8 |
| Middle infiltration layer | 2.889 | 0.573 | 80.2 |
| Low-permeability layer | 0.580 | 0.580 | 0.00 |
Result demonstration gel plugging agent has high permeability zone is had to very strong shut-off capacity, and preferential shutoff high permeability zone, canEnsure the effective shutoff high aquifer formation of site operation or high permeability zone, reach the object of the steady oil of precipitation.
Embodiment 4
For a composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, at sea the water blockoff detailed description of the invention in oil field asUnder:
Certain offshore oilfield is the moving oil reservoir of natural limit bottom water drive, 5 years water-cut increases to 100% of its A07 well operation, and accumulative total is adoptedThe oil time is short, and recovery percent of reserves is low, and core intersection 14.8m also has abundant residual recoverable reserves. A07 well formation poreDegree 29-30%, static permeability 597-2537mD, oil saturation 65% left and right, oil density 0.9682g/cm3, groundViscosity of crude 1158mPa.s. This well was implemented water-blocking operation, and construction finishes rear moisture content and is reduced to 83%, then stable yields 50My god, moisture content sharply rises to 98%.
Reservoir characteristics and hole condition in conjunction with this well are dynamic, and the main cause that before analyzing, water-blocking operation lost efficacy may be water blockoff workThe blocking radius design of skill design is too small, causes blocking agent to be streamed; Or the withstand voltage resistance to erosion ability of blocking agent a little less than, cause blocking agent loseEffect etc. Therefore based on above-mentioned judgement, this well is carried out to composite slug deep water blockoff, formulation three slug deep selective shut-ofvesOverall plan, then injects blocking agent and consumption thereof according to plug water construction principle design successively point order segmentation plug, and this well adoptsSlug injection rate, gelation time are as shown in the table.
Table 2 water-blocking operation construction order table
According to table 2 design, plug agent amount 820m3; Utilizing reservoir permeability difference and low discharge capacity to inject selects blocking agentProperty is pumped into high permeability zone, realizes selective shut-off. Distribute and inject after water shutoff agent by injection parameter, Hou Ning reduces raw in 7 days afterwardsProduce pressure reduction or put little oil nozzle exploitation, along with the time is amplified producing pressure differential gradually to normal level.
The present embodiment have technique of the present invention rationally, be easy to the long and asepsis environment-protecting of construction, the water blockoff term of validity, can realizeSelective deep water blockoff, not only can shutoff high aquifer formation section but also do not injure oil reservoir, and the water blockoff term of validity is long, effectively reduces oil wellProduction fluid moisture content, ensures that oil field such as normally produces at the good effect.
Claims (2)
1. for a composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir, it is characterized in that: composite slug deep shutoff methodBe to utilize different blocking agent characteristics to carry out composite slug, high strength blocking agent is near wellbore zone slug, and moderate strength blocking agent existsZone of transition slug, the design of low-intensity blocking agent is at well far away area slug; High strength blocking agent adopts foamable gel class blocking agent,Moderate strength blocking agent adopts inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent, and low-intensity blocking agent adopts phenolic gel plugging agent;
Inorganic chromium class gel plugging agent is obtained by the emulsion polymer of resistance to shearing and inorganic chromium crosslinking agent; Preparation process isTo adopt concentration be 1.5-2.0% Water-In-Oil polyacrylamide emulsion, then to add concentration be 0.02-0.1%OP10 surfaceActivating agent, stirring and dissolving; Then adding concentration is 0.05-0.2% potassium bichromate+0.3-0.8% thiocarbamide crosslinking agent, completePortion is dissolved in polymer solution; Finally add 0.1-0.25% calcium lignosulfonate+0.01-0.05% sodium thiosulfateStabilizing agent; Stir and obtain thiocarbamide chromium gel blocking agent.
2. the composite slug deep shutoff method for high water-cut reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that: foaming is solidifyingGlue class blocking agent is to be the in addition double component high polymer of modification of base material by polyurethane polymer, and preparation process is to adopt concentrationFor 0.5-2% water bag water polyacrylamide emulsion, stirring and dissolving; Adding concentration is 2.0-5.0% base polyurethane prepolymer for use as again,Mix, obtain foamable gel blocking agent.
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