CN103497020A - Biological activity micronutrient fertilizer for tobacco planting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological activity micronutrient fertilizer for tobacco planting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103497020A CN103497020A CN201310459237.1A CN201310459237A CN103497020A CN 103497020 A CN103497020 A CN 103497020A CN 201310459237 A CN201310459237 A CN 201310459237A CN 103497020 A CN103497020 A CN 103497020A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting and in particular relates to a biological activity micronutrient fertilizer for tobacco planting. The invention aims at solving a first technical problem that the biological activity micronutrient fertilizer for tobacco planting comprises the following components by weight percent: 45.00-60.00% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 10.00-20.00% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 5.00-13.00% of boric acid, 0.10-2.00% of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and 20.00-30.00% of humic acid. The invention also provides a preparation method of the biological activity micronutrient fertilizer for tobacco planting. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the raw materials, drying and grounding, thus the biological activity micronutrient fertilizer product is obtained. The biological activity micronutrient fertilizer for tobacco planting can be used as a tobacco planting fertilizer and has a good effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural planting industry field, be specifically related to bioactivity trace element fertilizer and preparation method thereof for a kind of tobacco planting.
Background technology
In the tobacco agriculture of China is produced, to use in a large number for a long time chemical fertilizer and produced a series of production, soil and environmental problem, quality of tobacco reduces, the fertilizer waste, environmental pollution, the soil organism reduces, and soil physico-chemical property worsens, microbial populations in soil change etc.Flue-cured tobacco is in the planting environment of full chemical fertilizer, and tobacco leaf zone characteristic reduces even disappearance.The 2010 national Ministry of Agriculture propose " balance fertilizing " in the whole nation, greatly improve the arable land output capacity, save fertilizer.But abuse trace element fertilizer, inorganic mixed fertilizer material, may bring the big area pollution of area source if things go on like this.
Tobacco growing is grown all needs Equilibrium of Trace Elements nutrition to maintain the time of infertility, existing conventional the use improved inorganic microelement fertilizer mostly when the field-transplanting tobacco or impose disposable use while carrying seed manure, this method directly makes cigarette strain root soil microenvironment in early stage salt concn uprise, be easy to produce physical and chemical reaction in soil, make water soluble trace elements change in a large number the insoluble or weak trace element of water into, reduce micro-validity, simultaneously, run into arid if transplant tobacco, high temperature may cause fertilizer damage even to burn seedling, if insoluble or weak microelement accumulation will cause pollution of area source to a certain extent, disposable another deficiency be the cigarette strain enter prosperous when long inorganic microelement can cause again not supplying, occur " physiological disturbance-nutritional deficiency disease ".
Humic acid adds the micro-element nutritions such as boron, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum and is combined into " organic and inorganic " composite fertilizer with trace elements, has solved better flue-cured tobacco grown in field process Zhong Shui, heat, gas, the fertile four phase coordinating and unifyings.With inorganic microelement fertilizer, compare, the humic acid trace element fertilizer have improve nutritive element utilization ratio and fertilizer efficiency, improvement soil, Promoting plant growth, improve plant quality, improve drought resisting, the ability of disease and insect resistance, anti-saline and alkaline harm, also can resist pollution and the murder by poisoning of objectionable impurities in soil or water.
Humic acid has some reason for fertilizer: 1, humic acid, as the fusion person of large fertilizer, can merge the trace elements such as boron, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, improves fertilizer providing intensity, extends time for fertilizer, improves utilization rate of fertilizer; Simultaneously, merge N, P, K, form monobasic fusion, binary fusion or ternary and merge, as humic acid nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphohumate, potash humate, humic acid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, humic acid merges N, P, K, has versatile and flexible, prominent function, synergy is remarkable, utilization ratio is high characteristics; 2, humic acid and nitrogenous fertilizer organically combine, and have formed the quick-acting humic acid nitrogenous fertilizer had concurrently with slowly-releasing, reduce loss of nitrogen fertilizer and the ammonia pollution that causes is thus seen, the crop nitrogen utilization ratio improves 10%, can make crop yield more than 15%; 3, humic acid is combined with phosphate fertilizer, can reduce phosphorus fixation, improve P use efficiency, simultaneously, humic acid enters the phosphorus element that soil has been fixed in can also activating soil, increase the soil Phosphorus-supplying Level, the two is generally 6.7～8.3mg/kg in conjunction with the phosphorus supply improvement value, and the humic acid compound phosphatic fertilizer can make crop yield more than 10%; 4, humic acid and potash fertilizer organically combine, the quick-acting potash humates that have concurrently with slowly-releasing of humic acid have been formed, even humic acid is combined with potassium ion, more firm than humic acid and ammonium ion, potassium humate water-soluble fine, can not limit the absorption of plant, only can make fertilizer efficiency more lasting, relevant research shows, humic acid can make the crop K uptake increase more than 30%, increases production more than 12%.
Humic acid as fertilizer sources advantage is a lot of, although and also contain trace element fertilizer in humic acid, not replacing the required trace element of crop, first trace element is few, and it two is that decompose of nutrient is slow; And use inorganic mixed trace elements fertilizer throughout the year, the Soil Micro-environment salt concn uprises, and is easy to produce physical and chemical reaction in soil, makes water soluble trace elements change in a large number the insoluble or weak trace element of water into, reduce micro-validity, if chance is arid, high temperature may cause fertilizer damage.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer.This fertilizer is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 45.00～60.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10.00～20.00%, boric acid 5.00～13.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 0.10～2.00%, humic acid 20.00～30.00%.
Preferably, above-mentioned tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 47.00～55.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 16.00～20.00%, boric acid 6.00～10.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 0.80～1.20%, humic acid 22.00～27.00%.
Preferably, above-mentioned tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, described humic acid is biochemical potassium fulvate.
Further, preferred, above-mentioned tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 50.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 16.00%, boric acid 8.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 1.00%, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 25.00%.
Second technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned tobacco planting with bioactivity trace element fertilizer.The method comprises the following steps: gets magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, boric acid, four water ammonium molybdate and humic acid, pulverizes respectively, mix, obtain compound, then compound is dried, and cooling, then pulverize, to sieve, quantitative package is finished product.
Preferably, above-mentioned preparation method, described oven dry refers to dries compound to free water content in 1.00wt%.
Concrete, above-mentioned preparation method, described oven dry refers under 40～50 ℃ dries 6～12h.
Preferably, above-mentioned preparation method, described pulverizing refers to compound was crushed to 18 mesh sieves.
The prepared fertilizer of the present invention can improve quality of tobacco, yield of tobacco, has especially improved tobacco aroma quality, perfume quantity, improves quality, thereby has further improved peasant's income.
Embodiment
A kind of tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 45.00～60.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10.00～20.00%, boric acid 5.00～13.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 0.10～2.00%, humic acid 20.00～30.00%.
Preferably, above-mentioned tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 47.00～55.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 16.00～20.00%, boric acid 6.00～10.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 0.80～1.20%, humic acid 22.00～27.00%.
Preferably, above-mentioned tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, described humic acid is biochemical potassium fulvate.
Further, preferred, above-mentioned tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 50.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 16.00%, boric acid 8.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 1.00%, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 25.00%.
The preparation method of bioactivity trace element fertilizer for above-mentioned tobacco planting, comprise the following steps: get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, boric acid, four water ammonium molybdate and humic acid, pulverize respectively, mix, obtain compound, then compound is dried, cooling, pulverize, sieve, quantitative package is finished product.
Preferably, above-mentioned preparation method, described oven dry refers to dries 6～12h by compound under 40～50 ℃.In this temperature, the purpose one of drying in this time scope is that free water is dried, and makes finished product contain free water content in 1.00wt%; The 2nd, make several mineral compound and humic acid carry out complexing, chelating becomes " organic and inorganic " composite fertilizer with trace elements.
Preferably, above-mentioned preparation method, be crushed to 18 mesh sieves by compound.There will be caking when composite drying, thereby must be pulverized, pulverized particles becomes and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate spontaneous nucleation size, 0.10mm～1.00mm, i.e. about 18 orders.
The present invention specially for tobacco inorganic microelement fertilizer become deficiency and problem, inorganic microelement fertilizer is added to the macromolecular structure humic acid, utilize humic acid total amino acid, carboxyl and hydroxyl isoreactivity group content higher, have again an oxygen-containing functional group, have many organic chelating positions and complexing positions on structure, these coordinating groups can with indissoluble such as many trace element generation complexings such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, molybdenum, copper, zinc, boron or chelating reactions; Complex reaction occurs in the phosphorus element, formation be take the biochemical humic acid molecule as intermediary's carrier, coordinate simultaneously, promote absorption, the running to trace element and phosphorus of cigarette strain root system or blade face, not only avoided trace element to cause passivation inactivation each other with the direct contact of phosphorus, and play poising action, thereby improve both utilization ratios; With having added plant growth beneficial element Mo in trace element fertilizer, can promote cigarette strain root growth at the tobacco Production of Large Fields, with other element acting in conjunction, the cigarette strain improves improving activity of root system, promotes leaf area to increase, and improves quality of tobacco.
The absorption of fertilizer of the present invention and ion-exchange capacity are higher 10～20 times than general soil; Simultaneously, wherein humic acid also can be used as carbon source material and is utilized by microorganism, discharges nutrient, can be used as the microorganism required effective food of surviving.
Gained fertilizer of the present invention can also fine use on the Solanaceae farm crop, as potato, tomato, eggplant, capsicum.
Fertilizer of the present invention has improved quality of tobacco, output effectively, has increased economic benefit.Simultaneously, due to the existence of various trace elements and the proportioning between it, the prepared fertilizer of the present invention can also improve soil physico-chemical property, improves Soil structure, reduces the soil weight, increase soil permeability, improve the preserve moisture and fertility ability, increase soil beneficial microorganism colony, reduce nutrient loss, improve soil nutrient availability, strengthen soil compaction obstacle self-reparing capability.
Reference examples 1
Get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 670.00kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 210.00kg, boric acid 120.00kg, at room temperature pulverize respectively, cross 40 mesh sieves, mix, obtain 1000.00kg fertilizer, metering packing becomes product.
Embodiment 1
Preparation 1000.00kg tobacco trace element fertilizer, get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 500.00kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 160.00kg, boric acid 80.00kg, four water ammonium molybdate 10.00kg, biochemical humic acid potassium 250.00kg, after being mixed, pulverizes raw material, cross 18 mesh sieves, look ambient relative humidity at 45 ℃ of oven dry 6～12h(and fix time) be dried to containing free water content in 1.00wt%; Be cooled to the production site natural temperature, then pulverized particles 0.10mm～1.00mm, i.e. about 18 orders, quantitative package is finished product.
Embodiment 2
Preparation 1000.00kg tobacco trace element fertilizer, get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 480.00kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 140.00kg, boric acid 70.00kg, four water ammonium molybdate 10.00kg, biochemical humic acid potassium 270.00kg, after being mixed, pulverizes raw material, cross 18 mesh sieves, look ambient relative humidity at 45 ℃ of oven dry 6～12h(and fix time) be dried to containing free water content in 1.00wt%; Be cooled to the production site natural temperature, then pulverized particles 0.10mm～1.00mm, i.e. about 18 orders, quantitative package is finished product.
Embodiment 3
Preparation 1000.00kg tobacco trace element fertilizer, get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 550.00kg, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 200.00kg, boric acid 50.00kg, four water ammonium molybdate 10.00kg, biochemical humic acid potassium 190.00kg, after being mixed, pulverizes raw material, cross 18 mesh sieves, look ambient relative humidity at 45 ℃ of oven dry 6～12h(and fix time) be dried to containing free water content in 1.00wt%; Be cooled to the production site natural temperature, then pulverized particles 0.10mm～1.00mm, i.e. about 18 orders, quantitative package is finished product.
Embodiment 1 and reference examples 1 comparative result
1, the variation of plant height (tobacco plant grown in field height)
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, at Liangshan, Sichuan, carry out the multiple spot test, by using respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer is contrasted when transplanting, as can be seen from Table 1:
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer rolling into a ball a phase plant height between 23.00～63.40cm, adopt cigarette strain plant height increase by 5.50～24.90% ，San Ge counties of reference examples 1 fertilizer on average to increase 5.30cm, amplification 17.20%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to prosperous long-term, plant height is rapidly increased to 83.0～120.70cm, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase 2.10～12.90cm, increases by 2.50～11.66% ，San Ge counties and on average increases 4.90cm, amplification 5.20%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to Topping Stage, plant height, between 103.00～121.50cm, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase 0.80～4.00cm, increases by 0.40～3.30% ，San Ge county and on average increases 2.20cm, amplification 1.90%;
From the above, than the cigarette strain plant height that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer, in land for growing field crops, the cigarette strain plant height of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer all increases each breeding time, and the land for growing field crops early growth is faster than ripening stage (Topping Stage), therefore employing embodiment 1 fertilizer is to the obvious early growth and quick tiller effect of cigarette strain plant height tool.
2, the variation of stem girth (cigarette strain cane middle part girth)
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, at Liangshan, Sichuan, carry out the multiple spot test, by using respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer is contrasted when transplanting, as can be seen from Table 1:
The cigarette strain that adopts embodiment 1 fertilizer, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase thick 6.70～17.70% ，San Ge counties and on average increases thick 5.60cm, amplification 14.30% at group's phase stem girth between 5.60～7.30cm;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer prosperous long-term, stem girth is rapidly increased to 8.70～9.10cm, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase thick 0.30～0.70cm, increases by 3.40～4.80% ，San Ge counties and on average increases 0.40cm, amplification 4.70%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer at Topping Stage, stem girth, between 10.20～10.70cm, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase thick 0.20～1.30cm, increase by 1.90～14.60% ，San Ge counties on average increase thick 0.80, amplification 7.00%;
From the above, than the cigarette strain stem girth that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer, in land for growing field crops, the cigarette strain stem girth of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer all increases each breeding time, and group's phase growth is faster than land for growing field crops early stage, ripening stage, therefore, adopt embodiment 1 fertilizer to the obvious healthy and vigorous growth-promoting effect of cigarette strain stem girth tool.
3, the variation of maximum leaf area
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, at Liangshan, Sichuan, carry out the multiple spot test, by using respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer is contrasted when transplanting, as can be seen from Table 1:
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer rolling into a ball a phase maximum leaf area between 871.80～1071.90cm2, adopt cigarette strain increase 8.10～32.10% ，San Ge counties of reference examples 1 fertilizer on average to increase 127.80cm, amplification 15.50%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to prosperous long-term, maximum leaf area is rapidly increased to 1230.70～1671.50cm2, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase 45.80～284.50cm
2, increase by 3.70～24.30% ，San Ge counties and on average increase 190.10cm
2, amplification 15.70%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to Topping Stage, maximum leaf area is at 1365.60～2055.6cm
2between, adopt the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase 0.20～1.30cm
2, increase by 3.10～12.90% ，San Ge counties and on average increase 143.00cm
2, amplification 8.80%;
From the above, than the cigarette strain maximum leaf area that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer, in land for growing field crops, the cigarette strain maximum leaf area of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer all increases each breeding time, and along with cigarette strain grown in field growth blade area in earlier stage increases sharply, adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to remain advantage in the whole process of land for growing field crops, ripening stage still goes out 8.80% than the cigarette plant height that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer, therefore, the effect that adopts embodiment 1 fertilizer to increase cigarette strain leaf area is very remarkable, also reflects that smoke strain improving activity of root system is higher than the cigarette strain that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer simultaneously.
4, the variation of the number of blade (the cigarette strain has the economic worth number of blade)
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, at Liangshan, Sichuan, carry out the multiple spot test, by using respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer is contrasted when transplanting, as can be seen from Table 1:
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer rolling into a ball a phase number of blade between 10.90～13.00, adopt cigarette strain increase by 0.20～1.90% ，San Ge county of reference examples 1 fertilizer on average to increase by 0.80, amplification 7.10%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to prosperous long-term, the number of blade is rapidly increased to 17.1～18.6, adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer to increase by 0.90～1.80, increases by 4.80～10.50% ，San Ge counties and on average increases the 0.80cm sheet, amplification 4.50%;
Adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to Topping Stage, the number of blade, between 19.30～20.30, adopts 0.80～0.90 ，San Ge county of cigarette strain increase of reference examples 1 fertilizer on average to increase 0.50, amplification 2.50%;
From the above, than the cigarette strain that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer, in land for growing field crops, the cigarette strain number of blade of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer all increases each breeding time, and group's phase growth faster than land for growing field crops in earlier stage, the number of sheets of staying in ripening stage operates relevant (the general requirement individual plant leaves 18～22 of the effect numbers of sheets, then pinches) in farming; Therefore, both compare, and the Other Main Agronomic Characters of the land for growing field crops cigarette strain process of growth of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer is better than adopting the cigarette strain Main Agronomic shape of reference examples 1 fertilizer, shows on the basis of reference examples 1, allocate in proportion Mo ion and potassium humate into, its effect is fairly obvious.
5, the variation of tobacco leaf economic characters
The tobacco leaf economic characters of table 2 different location, different treatment
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, carry out the multiple spot test at Liangshan, Sichuan, process and contrasted by use respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer when transplanting, as can be seen from Table 2: each point different treatment tobacco leaf economic characters, it is the highest that test point, tobacco leaf yield per unit Dechang adopts embodiment 1 fertilizer to process, and is 174.80kg; It is the highest that the unit surface output value adopts embodiment 1 fertilizer to process with the test point, Dechang, is 3780.00 yuan, and the output value increases by 252.20 yuan/667m
2, secondly for adopting embodiment 1 fertilizer, the Mianning test point processes, increase by 195 yuan/667m
2, can manage test point embodiment 1 fertilizer and process 53.32 yuan/667m of increase
2.Three test point material embodiment 1 fertilizer are processed, and mean yield increases by 4%, and the output value increases by 166.80 yuan/667m
2, first-class cigarette ratio increases by 3.20%.Overall Kan，Ge county differs greatly, and after using embodiment 1 fertilizer, unit surface cigarette strain output, the output value, first-class cigarette ratio, upper medium grade cigarette ratio are all higher than using reference examples 1 fertilizer.
6, the variation of junior tobacco leaf main chemical compositions
(1) variation of lower tobacco leaf
The lower tobacco leaf chemical composition (grade X2F) of table 3 different location, different treatment
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, carry out the multiple spot test at Liangshan, Sichuan, process and contrasted by use respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer when transplanting, the variation of different location, different treatment lower tobacco leaf chemical composition is in Table 3, visible, adopt in embodiment 1 fertilizer lower tobacco leaf chemical composition, total reducing sugar, reducing sugar content reduce, and nicotine, potassium content increase; Trace Elements in Tobacco (the zinc content of general tobacco leaf is 20～80mg/kg, and Mg content is generally 0.30～1.20%, and tobacco leaf boron content is generally 10～40mg/kg): except zinc, the magnesium ion of Mianning County descends to some extent, all other trace elements all have rising.As shown in Table 3, adopt embodiment 1 fertilizer to make tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition more be tending towards the ideal value scope, show, tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition is coordinated more.
(2) variation of middle part tobacco leaf
Middle part tobacco leaf chemical composition (the grade: C3F) of table 4 different location, different treatment
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, carry out the multiple spot test at Liangshan, Sichuan, process and contrasted by use respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer when transplanting, the variation of different location, different treatment middle part tobacco leaf chemical composition is in Table 4, can find out, adopt in embodiment 1 fertilizer middle part tobacco leaf chemical composition, total reducing sugar, reducing sugar content reduce, and nicotine, potassium content increase; Tobacco leaf trace element (the zinc content of the general tobacco leaf of tobacco leaf is 20～80mg/kg, and Mg content is generally 0.30～1.20%, and tobacco leaf boron content is generally 10～40mg/kg), the magnesium ion of Mianning County drops to 0.41% from 0.55%, and all other trace elements all have rising; Huili County and Dechang County adopt the cigarette strain magnesium ion content of reference examples 1 fertilizer to be respectively 0.25%, 0.20%, are less than lowest critical value 0.30%, and three test point magnesium ion contents of cigarette strain of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer are all higher than 0.30%.Therefore, adopt embodiment 1 fertilizer to make tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition more be tending towards the ideal value scope, show, tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition is coordinated more.
(3) variation of upper tobacco leaf
Upper tobacco leaf chemical composition (the grade: B2F) of table 5 different location, different treatment
Adopt flue-cured tobacco cultivars, carry out the multiple spot test at Liangshan, Sichuan, process and contrasted by use respectively reference examples 1 and embodiment 1 fertilizer when transplanting, different location, different treatment upper tobacco leaf chemical composition are in Table 5: adopt in embodiment 1 fertilizer upper tobacco leaf chemical composition, total reducing sugar, reducing sugar content reduce, and nicotine, potassium content increase; Tobacco leaf trace element (the zinc content of general tobacco leaf is 20～80mg/kg, and Mg content is generally 0.30～1.20%, and boron content is generally 10～40mg/kg), every trace element all has rising.Adopt in reference examples 1 fertilizer upper tobacco leaf chemical composition, the magnesium ion of Mianning, meeting reason and three points in Dechang is respectively 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.24%, all lower than lowest critical value 0.30%, and three the test point magnesium ion contents of cigarette strain that adopt embodiment 1 fertilizer are all higher than 0.30%.Therefore, adopt embodiment 1 fertilizer to make tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition more be tending towards the ideal value scope, show, tobacco leaf intrinsic chemical composition is coordinated more.
Table 6 sound tobacco main chemical compositions optimum range (scent type group)
A, total reducing sugar: the tobacco leaf ripening stage meets sunny, and day and night temperature is large, and the total reducing sugar accumulation is high, and the representative tobacco sample total reducing sugar of reference examples 1, embodiment 1 has surpassed sound tobacco main chemical compositions optimum range (scent type group) higher limit mostly.Existing much research is thought: " high sugared low nicotine " is " style ", the chemical fundamentals of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau scent type tobacco leaf.In this product field experiment year, show more outstanding.In this product field experiment year, embodiment 1 is than reference examples 1, and it has been result that total reducing sugar lowers, and suitably hypoglycemic has indirect reduction cigarette burning to produce the effect of tar.
B, reducing sugar: the cigarette strain of employing embodiment 1 fertilizer adopts the cigarette strain of reference examples 1 fertilizer, and it has been result that reducing sugar lowers.From test, the amplitude that reducing sugar lowers is less than the amplitude that total reducing sugar reduces, and shows to adopt the cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer to adopt the cigarette strain Maturity of Tobacco Leaf of reference examples 1 fertilizer to improve, and quality of tobacco is improved.Reducing sugar/the total reducing sugar of tobacco leaf >=0.8 ripening degree is all right.
C, nicotine: the main component of tobacco leaf plant total alkali, can stimulate the human nerve excitement, tobacco leaf reducing sugar/nicotine is 8～12 for suitable, cigarette reducing sugar/nicotine be less than 8 pungent highly seasoned when sucking, pungency is strong; Be greater than 12 while sucking " tasteless ".North of China smoker crowd likes more pungent, and southern crowd likes talking a bit.Adopt the nicotine of the cigarette strain tobacco leaf of embodiment 1 fertilizer to trend towards the optimum value in table 6.Therefore, adopt the cigarette strain of excellent employing reference examples 1 fertilizer of cigarette strain of embodiment 1 fertilizer.
D, potassium ion: the height of potassium ion is the important indicator of quality of tobacco height.The high tabacco fragrance concentration of potassium ion is high, and fragrant jealous good, incendivity is good, and tar, carbon monoxide that burning produces are low, and the people is endangered to reduction.Adopting the cigarette strain potassium ion of embodiment 1 fertilizer is precious higher than the cigarette strain potassium ion that adopts reference examples 1 fertilizer.
E, chlorion: during chlorion in tobacco leaf >=1.00%, the cigarette rolled meeting when sucking " grey black is flame-out ".Should be more low better in tobacco leaf, but chlorion is the necessary element of plant growth, and the tobacco growing chlorion can increase photosynthetic speed, increase dry-matter accumulation.Prevent the relation of " grey black flame-out " and photosynthesis rate for taking into account, reach 0.10%～0.60% in tobacco leaf for well.Adopt the chlorion of the cigarette strain tobacco leaf of embodiment 1 fertilizer to trend towards optimum value.
F, zinc, magnesium, boron: China's arable soil is generally to lack zinc, magnesium, and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is boron deficiency extremely.
Zinc remote effect in making object the synthetic of growth hormone, and the growth hormone content when crop lacks zinc in stem and bud reduces, and growth stays cool, and plant is short and small; Zinc is the activator of enzyme, and the plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism is exerted an influence, and zinc contributes to photosynthesis; Can strengthen the resistance of plant.Adopt the zine ion of the cigarette strain tobacco leaf of embodiment 1 fertilizer to trend towards optimum value.
Magnesium is one of chlorophyllous important composition composition, is the central ion that chlorophyll is foretold the quinoline ring, is that phytosynthesis chlorophyll is absolutely necessary.Magnesium is the important activator of plant materials endoenzyme, and multiple Metabolic activity in plant materials is had to promoter action.Magnesium is ribosomal moiety.Magnesium can affect mitochondrial growth, affects the generation of energy.Adopt the magnesium ion of the cigarette strain tobacco leaf of embodiment 1 fertilizer to trend towards optimum value.
Boron is one of necessary trace element of tobacco, and boron plays an important role in the physiological and biochemical procedure of cigarette strain, and it participates in protein metabolism and alkaloidal synthetic; Participate in the formation of pectin substance, during the plant boron deficiency, pectin substance reduces; Boron participates in the formation of xylogen etc.Simultaneously, be again the association ion of potassium element, boron can increase the absorption of cigarette strain to potassium.Adopt the boron ion of the cigarette strain tobacco leaf of embodiment 1 fertilizer to trend towards optimum value.
If zinc, magnesium, the too low meeting of boron trace element cause " nutritional deficiency disease ", too high meeting brings " waste ", even causes " poisoning ".
To sum up test describedly, adopt the cigarette strain growing stage of embodiment 1 fertilizer to shorten, cigarette strain economical character, maximum leaf length, maximum width of blade, plant height, stem girth, the number of blade are compared with the cigarette strain of employing reference examples 1 fertilizer, to some extent increase; Adopt cigarette strain tobacco leaf per mu yield, the output value, all increases, particularly Dechang point to some extent of average price of embodiment 1 fertilizer, the output value has increased by 252.20 yuan/667m2; The first-class cigarette ratio of tobacco leaf, upper medium grade cigarette ratio all increase to some extent, can find out, adopt embodiment 1 fertilizer can obviously increase yield of tobacco and the output value; Adopt cigarette strain tobacco leaf total reducing sugar, the reducing sugar content of embodiment 1 fertilizer to decrease, nicotine content, total nitrogen content, chloride ion content, zinc, boron content are all in optimum range, and Mg content increases, and chemical composition more is tending towards coordinating, and quality of tobacco is improved.
Claims (8)
1. a tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the one-tenth by following weight proportion is grouped into: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 45.00～60.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10.00～20.00%, boric acid 5.00～13.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 0.10～2.00%, humic acid 20.00～30.00%.
2. a kind of tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the one-tenth by following weight proportion is grouped into: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 47.00～55.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 16.00～20.00%, boric acid 6.00～10.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 0.80～1.20%, humic acid 22.00～27.00%.
3. tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described humic acid is biochemical potassium fulvate.
4. a kind of tobacco planting bioactivity trace element fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the one-tenth by following weight proportion is grouped into: magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 50.00%, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 16.00%, boric acid 8.00%, four water ammonium molybdates 1.00%, biochemical fulvic acid potassium 25.00%.
5. the preparation method of bioactivity trace element fertilizer for the described tobacco planting of claim 1～4 any one, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: get magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, boric acid, four water ammonium molybdate and humic acid, pulverize respectively, mix, obtain compound, then compound is dried, cooling, pulverize, sieve, quantitative package is finished product.
6. the preparation method of bioactivity trace element fertilizer for tobacco planting according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described oven dry refers to dries compound to free water content in 1.00wt%.
7. the preparation method of bioactivity trace element fertilizer for tobacco planting according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described oven dry refers to that compound dries 6～12h at 40～50 ℃.
8. the preparation method of bioactivity trace element fertilizer for tobacco planting according to claim 5, is characterized in that: compound was crushed to 18 mesh sieves.
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| CN113372161A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-10 | 陕西昂绿生物科技有限公司 | Effervescent granule composition and its preparation method |
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| CN113372161A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-10 | 陕西昂绿生物科技有限公司 | Effervescent granule composition and its preparation method |
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