CN103483267A - 多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN103483267A
CN103483267A CN201210195065.7A CN201210195065A CN103483267A CN 103483267 A CN103483267 A CN 103483267A CN 201210195065 A CN201210195065 A CN 201210195065A CN 103483267 A CN103483267 A CN 103483267A
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ammonium salt
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孙智华
范尔康
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Shanghai Sai Jia Chemicals Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐及其制备方法和应用,多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,为具有式(L-n’)所示的化合物,本发明的有益效果是:多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐可以一锅法,不在手套箱中,将原料(脂肪类或芳香类亚胺)进行反应,收率达到78-94%,高光学可达到dr>98:2的目标产物。通过本发明,可以简化操作,提高收率,更为重要是拓展了该类化合物的应用范围,具有广泛的通用性。

Description

多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及芳基并咪唑类季铵盐及其制备方法和应用。 
背景技术
近年来α-氨基硼酸作为丝氨酸酶拮抗性的关键药效基团,在药物设计中越来越受到关注。由于硼原子独特的物理化学性质和空间结构(具有空的p轨道和较小的原子半径),α-氨基硼酸可以被设计成各种具有重要作用的水解酶抑制剂。如文献Shenvi,al.,US4499082(1985)Shenvi等揭示肽基氨基硼酸TM-1类化合物可以作为蛋白水解酶的抑制剂,文献Kentter,Shenvi,al.,US5187157(1993),US5242904(1993),US5250720(1993)Kentter,Shenvi揭示肽基氨基硼酸TM-1类化合物同样可以作为胰岛素样丝氨酸水解酶的可逆性抑制剂,可作用于凝血酶,血浆激肽释放酶,血纤维蛋白溶酶,文献Kleeman,al.,US5169841(1992).Kleeman揭示N端连接肽基的氨基硼酸TM-2类化合物具有抑制肾素的活性,Kettner,al.,WO200102424(2001)Kettner等揭示肽基的氨基硼酸TM-3类化合物具有抑制C型肝炎病毒的作用,Kinder,al.,US5106948(1992)Kinder等报道了N端连接肽基的氨基硼酸TM-2类化合物具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长的作用,同样Bachovchin,al.,WO20070005991(2007)Bachovchin等揭示了肽基氨基硼酸TM-4类化合物具有抑制纤维原细胞活化蛋白(FPA)的作用,这预示着该类化合物具有抗肿瘤的活性,后期的相关研究表明具有抑制胰腺癌的潜质,Fleming;Paul E.al.,WO2011123502(2011)Fleming和PaulE.等揭示了含有环丙基的氨基硼酸TM-5类化合物具有抑制肿瘤细胞增长的作用,FDA近期批准了首例含α-氨基硼酸的骨髓瘤抑制剂Bortezomib,该新药已用于临床。另外,文献a)Snow,R.et.al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1994,116,10860-10869.b)Jack H.Lai,William W.Bachovchin,et.al.,J.Med.Chem.2007,50,2391-2398.c)George R.Lankas,et.al.,Diabetes,2005,54,2988-2994.报导,肽基的脯氨基硼酸是二肽基脯氨基酶IV(DPP-4)的非常有效的抑制剂,可以作为II型糖尿病的很有前景的治疗药物,其中美国Phenomix公司的PT-100已完成FDA的III期临床,反应式如下: 
Figure BDA00001760175900021
文献: 
Snow,R.et.al.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1994,116,10860-10869.: 
Jack H.Lai,William W.Bachovchin,et.al.,J.Med.Chem.2007,50,2391-2398. 
George R.Lankas,et.al.,Diabetes,2005,54,2988-2994. 
K.Augustyns,P.Van der Veken,K.Senten and A.Haemers,Current Medicinal Chemistry,2005,12,971-998. 
Pieter Van der Veken,Achiel Haemers and Koen Augustyns,Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry,2007,7,621-635. 
Daniel J Drucker,Michael A Nauck,Lancet,2006;368:1696–705. 
作为氨基硼酸乃至相应的光学纯对应异构体在化学合成方面研究,其实用性和多样性方面仍然有很大的挑战,特别是有效、简洁的立体选择性合成方面。Ellman成功地发展了用手性叔丁基亚磺酰胺诱导的不对称合成方法,见文献Melissa A.Beenen,Chihui An,and Jonathan A.Ellman,J.Am.Chem.Soc.2008,130,6910–6911的报导,该方法利用频哪醇二硼烷酯在(ICy)CuOtBu/叔丁醇钠的催化下与手性叔丁基亚磺酰亚胺反应得到手性α-氨基硼酸衍生物,尽管它具有高立体选择性和对脂肪链烷基取代亚胺底物收率较高的优点,然而就目前该方法仍然存在二个方面的问题,1)它使用了NHC的叔丁氧铜的卡宾铜络合物作为催化剂,该催化剂只能在特定的场所(如手套箱)中制备和存放,这限制了它的工业化运用前景;2)Ellman的方法在底物类型上存在局限性,通常对于烷基氨基硼酸的收率好(收率:74-88%),而试验发现,芳基氨基硼酸的收率不好(收率:52-61%),甚至得不到目标产物; 
Figure BDA00001760175900031
发明内容
本发明的目的是公开一种多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐及其制备方法和应用,以克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷,满足相关领域发展的需要。 
本发明所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,为具有式(L-n’)所示的化合物: 
Figure BDA00001760175900032
其中:R6代表未取代或取代的C1-C6的烷基、取代的C1-C6碳的烷氧基、卤素、硝基、氨基、取代或并环的苯基、芳环基或芳杂环基等; 
优选的,R6代表氢、氟、氯、溴、硝基、氨基、二甲氨基、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、甲氧基或苯并; 
M,Q为氮或碳; 
R7代表C1~C8的烷基、C2~C8的烯基、C2~C8的炔基或芳基等; 
X-代表氟、氯、溴或碘离子等; 
Ar1代表苯基、取代苯基或芳杂环基,取代苯基的取代基为甲基、氟、甲氧基、氰基或硝基; 
优选的,所述芳杂环基为吡啶基、6-甲基吡啶基、萘基基、吡嗪基、吡咯基、噻吩基或嘧啶基;优选的,所述取代的苯基的取代基为甲基、甲氧基、氟或硝基; 
芳环基为苯并基或萘并基; 
所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐为: 
Figure BDA00001760175900041
Figure BDA00001760175900051
本发明所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐的制备方法,包括如下步骤: 
在盐酸和甲酸的催化下,将化合物L-n和原甲酸三甲酯进行反应,然后从反应产物中收集式(L-n’)化合物,反应温度为60~100℃,反应时间为1-6小时,收率在89-95%。反应通式如下: 
Figure BDA00001760175900052
R6、R7、M、Q、X-和Ar1的定义同上。 
化合物L-n和与原甲酸三甲酯的重量比为1:1-20,优选的为1:6~12; 
盐酸的重量为化合物L-n用量的0.1~150%;优选的为1:100~120%; 
甲酸的重量为化合物L-n用量的0.1~150%;优选的为1:0.1~2%; 
化合物L-n的制备方法之一,包括如下步骤: 
将式(L-m)所示的邻芳二胺(1eq),溴化物(1eq),三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3)(5%eq)(其中,钯(Pd)的重量含量为21.5%),2,2'-双二苯膦基-1,1'-联萘(BINAP)(7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(3eq)和甲苯(1ml/mmol,对于溴化物)在氮气保护中,60-110℃反应过夜,然后从反应产物中收集产品。产率70%~90%。反应通式如式下: 
Figure BDA00001760175900061
R6、M、Q、R7、X-和Ar1的定义同上。 
所述三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3)(5%eq)(试剂的钯(Pd)重量含量为21.5%)指的是钯(Pd)在三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯的重量比例; 
所述三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd2(dba)3)可采用的商品化的产品来源。 
所述溴化物选自取代或未取代的芳环或芳杂环,商品化的产品来源; 
R6,M,Q,Ar1定义同上; 
所述化合物L-n的制备方法之二,包括如下步骤: 
第一步,将式(L-m’)所示的邻卤硝基芳环或芳杂环化合物,在催化剂过渡金属Pd,Cu,Ni等催化下,与烷基、烯基、炔基,氨基酸衍生物,芳基及芳杂胺类化合物反应,得到化合物L-m1; 
所述烷基化合物选自C1~C12的直连或支链烷烃、取代或未取代的C1~C7的环状烷烃,或者是取代或未取代的2-3个环的环烷烃; 
优选的,所述烷基化合物为甲烷、异丙烷、叔丁烷,环已烷,薄荷烷醇基或金刚烷等; 
所述烯基化合物选自C2-C6的取代或未取代的烯烃,优选的,所述烯基化合物为乙烯、2,2-二甲基乙烯、2-环已基乙烯或2-环丙基乙烯; 
所述炔基化合物选自C2-C6的取代或未取代的炔烃,优选的为乙炔,3,3-二甲基炔或者,所述炔基化合物为各种带有炔基的天然氨基酸或其衍生物; 
所述芳基胺类化合物选自未取代及取代的C1-C6的烷烃、取代的1-6个碳的烷氧基苯、卤苯、硝基或氨基芳胺;优选的,所述芳基胺类化合物为对甲基苯、对氟基苯、对甲氧基苯或对硝基苯; 
所述芳杂胺类化合物选自吡啶、6-甲基吡啶、萘基、吡嗪、吡咯、噻吩或嘧啶等; 
(L-m’)化合物∶烷基、烯基、炔基或芳基胺类化合物=1∶1~2,摩尔比;优选的为1~1.5; 
催化剂重量为(L-m’)化合物的0.1~25%;优选的为1-10%; 
第二步,用铁粉或氢化还原,得到化合物L-m2,还原温度为0~110℃;优选的为20-60℃; 
第三步,进行Bulchwald氨化得到化合物L-n;反应方法同制备方法一,反应式如下: 
Figure BDA00001760175900071
R6、M、Q、R7、X-和Ar1的定义同上。 
其中,L-m为商品化产品。 
本发明所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,可以用于制备多样性的α-氨基硼酸衍生物,制备方法如下: 
(1)有机溶剂中,在一价铜离子和本发明所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐催化下,将亚胺类化合物I’和二硼烷试剂进行反应,然后从反应产物中收集式(A)所示的α-氨基硼酸衍生物,反应温度为15~30℃,反应时间为1-48小时,所有反应都在室温进行,收率在78-93.5%,光学纯度在98%。反应通式如下: 
Figure BDA00001760175900072
R6、M、Q、R7、X-和Ar1的定义同上; 
R1,R2,R3,R3’R4,R5
R代表C1-C12的直链烷烃基、C1-C12的支链烷烃基、C2-C6的烯烃基、C2-C6的炔烃、芳环基、芳杂环基、取代的C1-C12的直链烷烃基、取代的C1-C12的支链烷烃基、取代的C2-C6的烯烃基、取代的C2-C6的炔烃、取代的芳环基或取代的芳杂环基;优选的,所述的芳环基为苯基、萘基或蒽基;优选的,所述的芳杂环基为吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、吡咯基、嘌呤基或吲哚基; 
所述的取代的C1-C12的直链烷烃基、取代的C1-C12的支链烷烃基、取代的C1-C12的烯烃基、取代的C2-C6的炔烃、取代的芳环基或取代的芳杂环基,取代基为羟基、醚基、羰基、氨基,酰胺基、胍基、硝基、氰基或卤素,所述卤素优选氯; 
R1=R2代表儿茶酚酯、频哪醇酯、二甲氨基酯或(1S,2S,3R,5S)-(+)-2,3-蒎烷二醇(Pinanediol)酯; 
R4代表叔丁基、甲基、三氟甲基、对甲苯基、对甲氧基苯基或2,4,6-三甲基苯基; 
R5为氢、1-8个碳的饱和或不饱和环烷烃基、含氮或氧的环状烃基、含1-12个碳的直链或支链烷烃基、含2-6个碳的烯烃基、含2-6个碳的炔烃基、芳环基、芳杂环基或卤素;所述为氯、溴、碘或氟;优选的为氯; 
所述的芳环基为取代或未取代苯基、萘基或蒽基,取代基为1-4碳的饱和或不饱和烃基、羟基、甲氧基、三氟甲基、氨基或卤素,所述卤素为氟、氯或溴等; 
所述芳杂环基为取代或未取代的吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、吡咯基、嘌呤基、吲哚基,取代基为1-4碳的饱和或不饱和烃基、羟基、甲氧基、三氟甲基、氨基或卤素,如氟、氯或溴等; 
优选的,R=R5,为1-8个碳的取代或未取代的环状的饱和或不饱和脂肪烃; 
优选的,R为甲基、丙基、异丙基、异丁基、3-氯丙基、金刚烷基、3-对甲氧基苄氧基丙基、4-邻苯二甲酰胺基丁基、苯基、对甲氧基苯基、对甲基苯基、对氯苯基、苄基、对苄氧基苄基或萘基; 
优选的,R=R5,且为环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环已基、苯基环丙基或环庚基; 
所述二硼烷试剂为具有如式B所示的化合物: 
Figure BDA00001760175900081
其中:R1、R2的定义同上所述,R3=R3’=R1,所述二硼烷试剂可商品化采购。 
所述一价铜离子来源于氯化亚铜,溴化亚铜或碘化亚铜; 
所述的碱选自叔丁醇钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、1,5-二氮双环[5,4,0]十一烯-5、碳酸铯或氢化钠; 
所述有机溶剂选自四氢呋喃、苯、DMF、乙醚、二氯甲烷、氯仿或乙腈等. 
本发明的有益效果是:我们通过对配体的筛选,发现多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐可以一锅法,不在手套箱中,将原料(脂肪类或芳香类亚胺)进行反应都得到高收率(78-94%),高光学纯度(dr>98:2)的目标产物。通过本发明,我们可以简化操作,提高收率;更为重要是拓展了该类化合物的应用范围,具有广泛的通用性。 
具体实施方式
实施例1 
化合物L-01’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-01的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900091
邻苯二胺(2.162g,20mmol),溴苯(6.281g,40mmol),Pd2(dba)3(0.916g,1mmol)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(0.934g,7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(5.766g,3eq)和无水甲苯(20ml)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品为灰白色固体4.478g,产率86%。 
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δ,ppm):7.33-7.29(m,6H),7.01-6.91(m,8H),5.65(s,2H,NH).13C-NMR(CDCl3,δ,ppm):145.0,135.0,129.4,122.5,120.4,119.5,116.7. 
第2步:化合物L-01’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900101
上步产物2.11g(8mmol)加入16ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.8ml重量浓度为36%的浓盐酸,和2滴甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率90%。白色固体2.21g。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):10.64(s,1H),7.98-7.95(m,6H),7.83-7.74(m,8H). 13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):143.3,133.5,131.7,131.2,130.9,128.3,125.9,114.3. 
实施例2 
化合物L-02’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-02的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900102
邻苯二胺(2.162g,20mmol),对溴甲苯(6.805g,40mmol),Pd2(dba)3(0.916g,1mmol)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(0.934g,7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(5.766g,3eq)和无水甲苯(20ml)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品为灰色固体4.614g,产率80%。 
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δ,ppm):7.33-7.29(m,6H),7.01-6.91(m,8H),5.65(s,2H, NH).13C-NMR(CDCl3,δ,ppm):145.0,135.0,129.4,122.5,120.4,119.5,116.7. 
第2步:化合物L-02’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900111
2.31g(8mmol)加入16ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.8ml重量浓度36%的盐酸,和2滴甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率89%。灰色固体2.41g 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):10.64(s,1H),7.98-7.95(m,6H),7.83-7.74(m,8H). 13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):143.3,133.5,131.7,131.2,130.9,128.3,125.9,114.3. 
实施例3 
化合物L-03’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-03的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900112
邻苯二胺(1eq),溴化物(1eq),Pd2(dba)3(5%eq)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(3eq)和无水甲苯(1ml/mmol,对于溴化物)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品。产率86% 
第2步:化合物L-03’的合成: 
上一步产品(2mmol)加入4ml(2ml/mmol)原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.2ml(0.1ml/mmol)浓盐酸,和1drop甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率90%。 
实施例4 
化合物L-06’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-06的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900122
邻苯二胺(2.162g,20mmol),2-溴吡啶(6.320g,40mmol),Pd2(dba)3(0.916g,1mmol)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(0.934g,7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(5.766g,3eq)和无水甲苯(20ml)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品为棕黄色固体4.722g,产率91%。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):8.25(s,0.66H,NH),8.08(m,2H),7.64(m,2H),7.50(m,2H), 7.05(m,2H),6.70(m,4H).13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):157.0,148.0,137.9,133.7,123.7,114.6,109.9. 
第2步:化合物L-06’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900131
2.10g(8mmol)加入16ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.8ml重量浓度36%的盐酸,和2滴甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率94%。灰色固体2.32g。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):11.16(s,1H),8.86(d,j=4Hz,2H),8.60(dd,j1=6.4Hz,j2=3.2Hz,2H),8.37(m,2H),8.28(m,2H),7.86(m,2H),7.80(m,2H).13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):149.9,147.8,143.0,141.1,130.6,128.6,126.1,118.5,116.8. 
实施例5 
化合物L-07’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-07的合成: 
邻苯二胺(2.162g,20mmol),2-溴-6-甲基吡啶(6.881g,40mmol),Pd2(dba)3(0.916g,1mmol)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(0.934g,7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(5.766g,3eq)和无水甲苯(20ml)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤 纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品为棕色固体5.226g,产率90%。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):7.92(d,j=4Hz,2H),7.67(m,2H),7.61(s,2H),7.39(d,j=6.8Hz,2H),7.08(m,2H),6.67(m,2H).13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):155.2,145.2,138.2,134.7,124.9,123.7,118.3,114.6,17.3. 
第2步:化合物L-07’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900141
2.32g(8mmol)加入16ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.8ml重量浓度36%的盐酸,和2滴甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率92%。深灰色固体2.43g。 
实施例6 
化合物L-08’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-08的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900142
邻苯二胺(2.162g,20mmol),1-溴萘(8.283g,40mmol),Pd2(dba)3(0.916g,1mmol)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(0.934g,7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(5.766g,3eq)和无水 甲苯(20ml)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品为灰黑色固体5.416g,产率76%。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):8.11(m,2H),7.86(m,2H),7.54-7.34(m,9H),7.07-6.93(m,6H). 13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):140.8,136.0,134.8,128.6,126.7,126.5,126.4,125.4,123.0,122.8,121.7,121.0,112.9. 
第2步:化合物L-08’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900151
2.88g(8mmol)加入16ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.8ml重量浓度36%的盐酸,和2滴甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率90%。暗红色固体2.93g。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):10.80(d,j=10Hz,1H),8.42(d,j=8Hz,2H),8.30(m,4H),7.95(m,4H),7.78(m,6H),7.55(m,2H).13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):145.5,145.1,134.4,133.3,133.2,132.3,129.4,129.3,129.2,129.0,128.9,128.8,128.6,128.4,128.1,127.3,127.1,126.3,122.8,122.7,114.6,79.7. 
实施例7 
化合物L-09’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-09的合成: 
2,3-二胺基萘(3.164g,20mmol),溴苯(6.281g,40mmol),Pd2(dba)3(0.916g,1mmol)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP(0.934g,7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠(5.766g,3eq)和无水甲苯(20ml)加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品为白色固体3.228g,产率52%。 
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δ,ppm):7.67(s,2H),7.63(m,2H),7.35-7.29(m,6H),7.09(m,4H),7.00(m,2H),5.84(s,2H).13C-NMR(CDCl3,δ,ppm):143.6,135.3,130.5,129.5,126.4,124.4,121.3,118.1,115.1. 
第2步:化合物L-09’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900162
2.48g(8mmol)加入16ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.8ml重量浓度36%的盐酸,和2滴甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。产率88%。淡黄色固体2.51g。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):10.75(s,1H),8.61(s,2H),8.31(m,2H),8.05(m,4H),7.86(m,4H),7.80(m,2H),7.69(m,2H).13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):147.0,133.7,132.0,131.2,131.0,130.8,128.9,127.4,125.9,111.8. 
实施例8 
化合物L-020’的合成: 
第1步:化合物L-020的合成: 
第1.2步:邻氟硝基苯1.8g(1eq),环己胺1.251g(1eq),醋酸钯0.057(1%eq),dppf0.0674g(1%eq),叔丁醇钠1.711g(1.3eq)和无水甲苯10ml加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃到120℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,将20ml的甲醇加入剩余物中,加入催化量Pd/C,密闭反应器,加入3kg氢气,室温反应2小时,结束反应,过滤,浓缩,过柱拿到产品。为黄色油状物。2.13g,2步合计产率88%。 
第1.3步:N-环己基-2-氨基苯胺0.18g(1eq),溴苯0.149g(1eq),Pd2(dba)30.0432g(5%eq)(试剂的Pd含量是21.5%),BINAP 0.0444g(7.5%eq),叔丁醇钠0.1270g(1.3eq)和无水甲苯3ml加入氮气保护的反应管中,温度110℃。反应过夜。反应后液用滤纸出去固体,并用乙酸乙酯对固体进行洗涤,所得液体合并、旋干,过柱拿到产品。0.24g,白色固体。产率95.42%。 
第2步:化合物L-020’的合成: 
Figure BDA00001760175900172
将上步产品(0.25g)加入2ml原甲酸三甲酯中,滴入0.1ml重量浓度36%的盐酸, 和1drop甲酸。加热至80度,反应2个小时。TLC跟踪原料消失。反应液旋干。用氯仿/正己烷重结晶。得到白色固体0.253g,产率90%。 
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):8.34(d,j=8.4Hz,1H),7.86(m,3H),7.74(m,5H),4.87(t,j=12Hz,1H),2.26(m,2H),1.96(m,4H),1.75(m,1H),1.60(m,2H),1.34-1.25(m,3H). 13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):141.6,133.7,131.6,131.2,130.9,130.7,127.9,127.3,125.9,114.9,114.0,57.7,32.3,25.2,25.1. 
实施例9 
反应处于氮气保护之中,先加入0.2mmol本发明的L-01’化合物(0.1eq.),0.2mmol氯化亚铜(0.1eq.),0.2mmol叔丁醇钠(0.1eq.)和溶剂苯(10ml),在室温下搅拌4hr; 
反应液由无色变为绿色至浅黑色。之后,将2mmol叔丁基亚磺酰亚胺Compound1’(1eq.)溶解在苯(5ml)中,将2mmol硼酸酯(1eq.)溶解在苯(5ml)中,加到反应管中。之后,室温反应48hr。用TLC监测反应进程。反应结束后加入EA(30ml)稀释,并用K2CO3洗涤有机层。之后用EA(2×30ml)萃取水层。合并有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压浓缩。产品用失活硅胶(用水失活)经行柱层析分离,展开剂使用氯仿/甲醇体系。所得产物为性状在室温条件下为浅黄色油状物(253mg,yield:85%)。 
叔丁基亚磺酰亚胺可参照文献(MaryAnn T.Robak,MelissaA.Herbage,and Jonathan A.Ellman;Chemical Reviews,2010,110(6),3609。)的通法合成,即各类商品化的醛或酮化合物与(R)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺反应所得。 
Figure BDA00001760175900181
1H-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):4.78(d,j=6.4,0.43H,NH),4.34(dd,j1=1.6Hz,j2=8.8Hz,1H),2.93(m,1H,CHN),2.30(m,1H),2.17(m,1H),1.97(m,1H),1.87(m,1H),1.73(m,1H),1.32(s,3H),1.26(s,3H),1.20(d,j=7.2Hz,3H),1.12(m,1H),1.09(s,9H),0.82(s,3H).13C-NMR(DMSO,δ,ppm):85.9,77.5,55.5,51.3,38.3,35.4,28.8,27.3,26.3,24.1,23.1,19.2,19.1。

Claims (10)

1.多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,其特征在于,为具有式(L-n’)所示的化合物:
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA00002009036500011
其中:R6代表未取代或取代的C1-C6的烷基、取代的C1-C6碳的烷氧基、卤素、硝基、氨基、取代或并环的苯基、芳环或芳杂环;
M,Q为氮或碳;
R7代表C1~C8的烷基、C2~C8的烯基、C2~C8的炔基或芳基;
X-代表氟、氯、溴或碘离子;
Ar1代表苯基、取代苯基或芳杂环基,取代苯基的取代基为甲基、氟、甲氧基、氰基或硝基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,其特征在于,所述芳杂环基为吡啶基、6-甲基吡啶基、萘基基、吡嗪基、吡咯基、噻吩基或嘧啶基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,其特征在于,所述取代的苯基的取代基为甲基、甲氧基、氟或硝基;芳环基为苯并基或萘并基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,其特征在于,R6代表氢、氟、氯、溴、硝基、氨基、二甲氨基、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、甲氧基或苯并。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,其特征在于,R6代表氢、氟、氯、溴、硝基、氨基、二甲氨基、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、甲氧基或苯并。
6.多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐,其特征在于,包括:
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA00002009036500012
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA00002009036500021
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA00002009036500031
7.制备权利要求1~5任一项所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
在盐酸和甲酸的催化下,将化合物L-n和原甲酸三甲酯进行反应,然后从反应产物中收集式(L-n’)化合物,反应通式如下:
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA00002009036500032
R6、M、Q、R7、X-和Ar1的定义同权利要求1。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,反应温度为60~100℃,反应时间为1-6小时。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,化合物L-n和与原甲酸三甲酯的重量比为1:1-20;盐酸的重量为化合物L-n用量的0.1~150%;甲酸的重量为化合物L-n用量的0.1~150%。
10.权利要求1~5任一项所述的多样性的芳基并咪唑类季铵盐的应用,其特征在于,用于制备多样性的α-氨基硼酸衍生物。 
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