CN103481099B - A kind of numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision - Google Patents
A kind of numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision Download PDFInfo
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- CN103481099B CN103481099B CN201310422956.6A CN201310422956A CN103481099B CN 103481099 B CN103481099 B CN 103481099B CN 201310422956 A CN201310422956 A CN 201310422956A CN 103481099 B CN103481099 B CN 103481099B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0078—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise
- B23Q11/0085—Safety devices protecting the operator, e.g. against accident or noise by determining whether the machine tool is in a dangerous configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/16—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine controlled in conjunction with the operation of the tool
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is based on the platform that numerical control machining center is open, provide a kind of numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision, tool magazine installs proximity switch near the position of tool changing point, the mobile multiplying power of reference axis in exchanging knives process is clamped down on, and the tool changing moment of torsion of reference axis monitored in real time, the safety of effective guarantee tool changing action is carried out, and controllability is good, Tool Change Error rate is significantly reduced, is conducive to working (machining) efficiency and the service life of improving numerical control machining center.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of numerical control machining center, especially relate to a kind of numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of numerical control machining center, the increasing composite equipment work in-process heart finds application.Tool magazine is the important difference mark of traditional machine tool and numerical control machining center, is used as the most general being configured on numerical control machining center.Tool magazine, is the equipment that machining center stores cutter, is mainly divided into disc type, chain type, matrix form etc. by structure.Tool magazine uses one of equipment the most frequently in machining center running.The machining center of configuration tool magazine, can cutter fast and effeciently on changing main-spindle, eliminates the step of tool changing manually, can the automaticity of significant increase machining center.Therefore, tool magazine has become common configuration device in high-end machining center, is also the object that operator often uses, it Digit Control Machine Tool use in importance self-evident.Exactly because high-frequency ground uses tool magazine, cause the senile abrasion of magazine tool structure part, fluid pressure line, valve group etc., left over many potential safety hazards.Use conventional methods and carry out tool changing, particularly when use exists the tool magazine of potential safety hazard, the collision of easy generation cutter and cutter or cutter and cutter-exchange mechanism etc., causes the damage of cutter, tool changer mechanical arm or even machining center itself, and more serious causes personal safety accident.Therefore, tool change control method safely and effectively of developing just seems extremely important, to improve the security of tool changing action, protects operator and machining center better, avoids loss.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of can the effective guarantee tool changing action numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision of carrying out safely, after adopting the method, the controllability of numerical control machining center tool changing action strengthens, Tool Change Error rate significantly reduces, and is conducive to working (machining) efficiency and the service life of improving numerical control machining center.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision, comprises the following steps:
1) first on tool magazine, near the position of tool changing point, proximity switch is installed, and setting is carried out the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx of safe tool changing to X-axis and Z axis is carried out to the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz of safe tool changing;
2) target broach shell and the position thereof for the treatment of tool changing is determined;
3) lathe is started shooting, then X-axis and Z axis is made to be back to reference point, complete the action of tool magazine back to zero again, and make lathe be in normal operating conditions, the proximity switch afterwards by tool magazine is installed to whether main shaft there being cutter confirms, if proximity switch sends signal, illustrate that main shaft has cutter, then should first stop tool changing action, cutterhead is turned to the broach shell position that this cutter is corresponding, then manually fix a breakdown and manually go back cutter, more step by step rapid under carrying out; If proximity switch does not send signal, illustrate that main shaft does not have cutter, then step by step rapid under directly carrying out;
4) send tool changing instruction, make X-axis and Z axis move to tool changing holding point, and main shaft is unclamped, rotating cutter-head, after cutterhead turns to target broach shell position, make it stop operating, then by X-axis and Z axis with 10 ~ 15% multiplying power of clamping down on move to tool changing point position from tool changing holding point, in moving process, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis and Z axis is monitored in real time, if the tool changing moment of torsion that the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx or Z axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz, then lathe sends warning, now should first stop tool changing action, X-axis and Z axis are manually shifted out from tool changing region, again send after fixing a breakdown tool changing instruction lay equal stress on duplicate step other operation, until the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, after the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, step by step rapid under carrying out again, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, then step by step rapid under directly carrying out,
5) main shaft claming is made, by X-axis and Z axis with 10 ~ 15% multiplying power of clamping down on move and be back to tool changing holding point, in moving process, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis and Z axis is monitored in real time, if the tool changing moment of torsion that the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx or Z axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz, then lathe sends warning, now should first stop tool changing action, X-axis and Z axis are manually shifted out from tool changing region, again send tool changing instruction after fixing a breakdown and repeat step 4) and this step in other operation, until the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, after the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, carry out tool changing again, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, then directly carry out tool changing.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision of the present invention, tool magazine installs proximity switch near the position of tool changing point, if cause tool changing forward spindle broach shell still has cutter because human factor or tool magazine routine data store the reasons such as mistake, according to the alarm signal that proximity switch sends, should first stop tool changing action, manually fix a breakdown and manually go back cutter, carry out lower step tool changing action again, namely must first also old cutter, just can renew cutter, thus effectively avoid hitting cutter danger.
The mobile multiplying power of the inventive method to X-axis in exchanging knives process and Z axis is clamped down on, such machine coordinates axle can automatic retarding when entering tool changing region, it moves multiplying power and is set to safe speed, when making tool changing, reference axis moves at a slow speed, thus the cutter on main shaft can run without interference region, even and if when there is the egregious cases that tool magazine and lathe collide, the mobile at a slow speed of reference axis also can ensure the impulsive force less to equipment, is down to minimum by the loss of equipment.
The inventive method is carried out the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx of safe tool changing to X-axis and is set in advance the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz that Z axis carries out safe tool changing, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis and Z axis in reference axis moving process is monitored in real time simultaneously, like this when machine coordinates axle is near tool changing point position, if because of tool magazine malposition, when the abnormal conditions such as inclination and the tool changing moment of torsion causing the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis to exceed its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx or Z axis exceed its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz, namely lathe sends warning, should first stop tool changing action, each reference axis is stopped mobile, cutter-exchange mechanism is parked in current location, thus cutter-exchange mechanism is effectively protected.
To sum up, the present invention is based on the platform that numerical control machining center is open, provide a kind of numerical control machining center tool change control method of anticollision, tool magazine installs proximity switch near the position of tool changing point, the mobile multiplying power of reference axis in exchanging knives process is clamped down on, and the tool changing moment of torsion in reference axis moving process is monitored in real time, the safety of effective guarantee tool changing action is carried out, controllability is good, Tool Change Error rate is significantly reduced, is conducive to working (machining) efficiency and the service life of improving numerical control machining center.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
To be configured with the numerical control vertical lathe of circular tool magazine (cutter capacity is 24), existing plan carries out tool changing to its No. 3 cuttves, and its tool change control method comprises the following steps:
1) first on tool magazine, near the position of tool changing point, proximity switch is installed, and setting is carried out the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx of safe tool changing to X-axis and Z axis is carried out to the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz of safe tool changing, Mx and Mz is all set as 3Nm;
2) position of No. 3 broach shells treating tool changing is determined;
3) lathe is started shooting, then X-axis and Z axis is made to be back to reference point, complete the action of tool magazine back to zero again, and make lathe be in normal operating conditions, proximity switch afterwards by tool magazine is installed to whether main shaft there being cutter confirms, if proximity switch sends signal, illustrate that main shaft has cutter, such as No. 2 cuttves, then first stop tool changing action, cutterhead is turned to No. 2 broach shell positions, manually fix a breakdown and manually go back cutter, carry out lower step tool changing action again, namely must first also old cutter (i.e. No. 2 cuttves), carry out the follow-up cutter (i.e. No. 3 cuttves) that renews again to operate, effectively to avoid hitting cutter danger, if through confirming to find that proximity switch does not send signal, illustrating now main shaft does not have cutter, directly entering down step by step rapid,
4) send T3M6 tool changing instruction, make Z axis with 100% rapid traverse multiplying power move to co-ordinate zero point, and make X-axis with 100% rapid traverse multiplying power move to coordinate-600mm position (i.e. tool changing holding point), orientation trouble completes, and main shaft is unclamped, rotating cutter-head, stop operating after cutterhead turns to No. 3 broach shell positions, then by X-axis with 15% multiplying power of clamping down on move to coordinate-890.67mm position (i.e. tool changing point X-axis coordinate), and make Z axis first move to-350.87mm position the position of 100mm (before namely the putting in place) with the multiplying power of clamping down on of 15%,-450.87mm position (i.e. tool changing point Z axis coordinate) is moved to again with the multiplying power of clamping down on of 10%, after the mobile multiplying power of X-axis and Z axis is clamped down on, during tool changing, reference axis can move at a slow speed, even if when there is the egregious cases that tool magazine and lathe collide, the mobile at a slow speed of reference axis also can ensure less impulsive force, the loss of equipment is down to minimum, in addition, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis in moving process and Z axis is monitored in real time, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis more than the tool changing moment of torsion of 3Nm or Z axis more than 3Nm, then lathe sends warning, now first stops tool changing action, X-axis and Z axis is manually shifted out from tool changing region, again send after fixing a breakdown T3M6 tool changing instruction lay equal stress on duplicate step other operation, until the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than 3Nm, after the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than 3Nm simultaneously, more step by step rapid under carrying out, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than 3Nm, the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than 3Nm simultaneously, then step by step rapid under directly carrying out,
5) main shaft claming is made, make X-axis with 15% multiplying power of clamping down on move and be back to coordinate-600mm position, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis in moving process and Z axis is monitored in real time simultaneously, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis more than the tool changing moment of torsion of 3Nm or Z axis more than 3Nm, then lathe sends warning, now first stop tool changing action, X-axis and Z axis are manually shifted out from tool changing region, again send T3M6 tool changing instruction after fixing a breakdown and repeat step 4) and this step in other operation, until the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than 3Nm, after the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than 3Nm simultaneously, carry out tool changing again, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than 3Nm, the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than 3Nm simultaneously, then directly carry out tool changing.
In above embodiment, position near tool changing point on tool magazine is provided with proximity switch, the mobile multiplying power of reference axis is clamped down on as low speed, and tool changing moment of torsion is monitored in real time in reference axis moving process, the safety of these measure effective guarantees tool changing action is carried out, avoid the many unnecessary loss of personnel and equipment, Tool Change Error rate is significantly reduced, be conducive to working (machining) efficiency and the service life of improving numerical control machining center.
Claims (1)
1. a numerical control machining center tool change control method for anticollision, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) first on tool magazine, near the position of tool changing point, proximity switch is installed, and setting is carried out the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx of safe tool changing to X-axis and Z axis is carried out to the upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz of safe tool changing;
2) target broach shell and the position thereof for the treatment of tool changing is determined;
3) lathe is started shooting, then X-axis and Z axis is made to be back to reference point, complete the action of tool magazine back to zero again, and make lathe be in normal operating conditions, the proximity switch afterwards by tool magazine is installed to whether main shaft there being cutter confirms, if proximity switch sends signal, illustrate that main shaft has cutter, then should first stop tool changing action, cutterhead is turned to the broach shell position that this cutter is corresponding, then manually fix a breakdown and manually go back cutter, more step by step rapid under carrying out; If proximity switch does not send signal, illustrate that main shaft does not have cutter, then step by step rapid under directly carrying out;
4) send tool changing instruction, make X-axis and Z axis move to tool changing holding point, and main shaft is unclamped, rotating cutter-head, after cutterhead turns to target broach shell position, make it stop operating, then by X-axis and Z axis with 10 ~ 15% multiplying power of clamping down on move to tool changing point position from tool changing holding point, in moving process, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis and Z axis is monitored in real time, if the tool changing moment of torsion that the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx or Z axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz, then lathe sends warning, now should first stop tool changing action, X-axis and Z axis are manually shifted out from tool changing region, again send after fixing a breakdown tool changing instruction lay equal stress on duplicate step other operation, until the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, after the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, step by step rapid under carrying out again, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, then step by step rapid under directly carrying out,
5) main shaft claming is made, by X-axis and Z axis with 10 ~ 15% multiplying power of clamping down on move and be back to tool changing holding point, in moving process, the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis and Z axis is monitored in real time, if the tool changing moment of torsion that the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx or Z axis exceedes its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz, then lathe sends warning, now should first stop tool changing action, X-axis and Z axis are manually shifted out from tool changing region, again send tool changing instruction after fixing a breakdown and repeat step 4) and this step in other operation, until the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, after the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, carry out tool changing again, if the tool changing moment of torsion of X-axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mx, the tool changing moment of torsion of Z axis is less than its upper safety limit moment of torsion Mz simultaneously, then directly carry out tool changing.
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| CN104062942B (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-02-01 | 安徽华隆精密机械有限公司 | Cutter collision preventing method for machining center |
| CN104191310B (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-08-24 | 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 | A kind of numerical control machining center equipped with crashproof tool changing device and using method thereof |
| CN106597990B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2019-02-26 | 沈阳机床(集团)设计研究院有限公司上海分公司 | Numerically-controlled machine tool tool changing point method for rapidly positioning |
| TWI693982B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-05-21 | 聖杰國際股份有限公司 | Automatic tool changing mechanism of tool machine and its control method |
| JP7176495B2 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-11-22 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | Numerical controller and control method |
| CN112462690A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-09 | 东莞领杰金属精密制造科技有限公司 | Anti-collision machine protection method and system for FANUC numerical control machine tool |
| CN114536070B (en) * | 2022-03-26 | 2022-08-12 | 意特利（滁州）智能数控科技有限公司 | Automatic tool changing anti-collision early warning method and device for tool magazine of five-axis machine tool |
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