CN103472851A - Practical and intelligent sun following system - Google Patents
Practical and intelligent sun following system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103472851A CN103472851A CN2012101888622A CN201210188862A CN103472851A CN 103472851 A CN103472851 A CN 103472851A CN 2012101888622 A CN2012101888622 A CN 2012101888622A CN 201210188862 A CN201210188862 A CN 201210188862A CN 103472851 A CN103472851 A CN 103472851A
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Abstract
A practical and intelligent sun following system belongs to the new-energy photoelectric and photo-thermal field and especially is used for photovoltaic power generation. The invention is an optimized version based on a 2006100486373 invention of an inventor. The system has the characteristics that strong wind can be intelligently avoided and heavy snowfall can be removed; large area tracking is performed and 10 to 20 kilowatts are easy to be achieved; the system is cheap and does not need to be controlled by a program and a longitude and latitude; the system can be placed and used on an earth surface randomly; the system does not need to be made by special-purpose equipment and a special raw material. The system is especially suitable for northwest cold areas where solar-thermal resources are abundant and there are a lot of strong wind and heavy snowfalls. Because of the large area tracking, an output-input ratio of the tracking is greatly increased and photovoltaic power generation efficiency increases by more than 30% so that an electricity price is decreased from 1 CNY to 0.7 CNY which is the price of conventional thermal power and a high price problem existing in photovoltaic power is solved. The system can be used in a windy and snowy weather, is safe, reliable, high-efficient and practical, and is especially suitable for a roof of a building. The system can be flexibly and deeply integrated with buildings with various kinds of attributes. With a little modification, the system can be used for various kinds of photo-thermal power generation tracking.
Description
Technical field
Practical intelligent sun system for tracking, belong to sun power, new forms of energy application, especially is applied to photovoltaic generation, photo-thermal power generation.
Background technology exists
Key in technical field herein and describe paragraph
The energy is the most important life of the mankind and the means of production, but, due to the conventional energy resources scarcity with on the impact of environment, people have to seek new forms of energy.Sun power is exactly more satisfactory new forms of energy.But how raising the efficiency, reducing costs is but maximum bottleneck.Following is a good selection.Follow and can make photovoltaic generation raise the efficiency more than 30%, in other words, because efficiency improves more than 30%, mean few with silicon material 30%, or the conversion ratio that has improved battery more than 30%-bring up to 24% by 18%, or electricity price is reduced costs more than 30%, drop to the 7-8 mao by upper current 1 yuan.Especially when the current electricity price of photovoltaic approached 1 yuan/while spending, if having
cheap practical reliableintelligent sun tracking system to the power photovoltaic generation, the electricity price of photovoltaic generation has just approached the price of fossil energy in big strides.Technology and the method for following the tracks of at present are various, and summing up is exactly flat single shaft, tiltedly the double-axis tracking of single shaft and single upright supports formula.But that come into operation and few, be mainly cost performance and poor practicability, just amount is afraid of the strong wind severe snow frankly speaking, poor stability, thereby area can not be done greatly.
Summary of the invention
Patent of the present invention is on the basis of my 2006100486373 patents of invention (solar intelligent tracking device), to optimize to improve to form.Utilize sensor and the circuit of former patent of invention.But security, reliability, cost performance, but improve greatly, can keep away strong wind and remove severe snow, and large tracts of land is followed, and can with the buildings degree of depth, combine together reliably.Therefore the practical intelligent sun system for tracking of called after.
This patent is to the effect that set about from the support aspect, by a single support column, is supported and is become many concentric garden mesh-supported, has solved the problem that poor practicability and cost performance are low.Poor practicability refers to former patent fearness strong wind, is afraid of severe snow, thereby dangerous, and reliability is poorer.Follow area little, thereby cost performance also can not improve, in short, poor practicability.
Patent chief component of the present invention: ' asymmetric ' installation method (or installing adjustable choke plate additional) of composite bearing, rotation dynamic circuit interface, the combination of multiaxis parallel chain wheel, cell panel and merge five parts with the degree of depth of buildings and form.And the content such as shockproof that has increased duty demonstration, the artificial electronic adjustment cell panel of indoor remote control attitude, has been combined with buildings.
Composite bearing: as Fig. 2, load-bearing bearing by bottom, three bearings of the security bearing on the Limit Bearing of side and top form a bearing pawl, by the circular discs that is no less than three bearing pawls and clamps Fig. 1, disk can not be moved forward and backward left and right up and down, can only optionally select at least one load-bearing bearing as main drive shaft around its geometric center rotation, rotate in order to driver plate.Garden dish size and the load-bearing bearing of composite bearing are how many, according to the demand of cell panel area or weight, determine, the concentric garden radius that the installation direction of load-bearing bearing and security bearing is all the garden heart with the theoretical center of folded disk is parallel, so this composite bearing just forms.Large-scale ultra-large type composite bearing still can increase suitable load-bearing bearing or bearing pawl at its bottom even, and (these single load-bearing bearings or bearing pawl form concentric garden shape, certainly must there is the guide rail of disk bottom to match with it) in order on average to share the weight of photovoltaic cell frame.Composite bearing is used for carrying the photovoltaic cell support.Support is improved a little, photovoltaic cell module is changed into to the parabolic wire casing and just can be used for photo-thermal power generation.Changing concave mirror or lens just can make the concave mirror lens light gathering follow.Composite bearing has been arranged, support bracket is supported and is become arbitrarily many looped network posts supports by an original single-column, the cell panel load-bearing becomes a changeable composite bearing plane load-bearing by an original single-bearing, so, this support area (composite bearing area and upper bracket thereof outwards stretch part area) can be according to the power demand size design.
Certainly, also can be placed in support (post) leg Shang，Shi garden dish to guide rail rotates thereon.
Under normal circumstances, composite bearing is designed to simulate the earth from West to East around the day rotation.That is: north temperate zone and the north frigid zone on the Northern Hemisphere---be forever to horizontally rotate clockwise to the north of north latitude 23 degree half, the south temperate zone and the south frigid zone in the Southern Hemisphere---be on the south south latitude 23 degree half, to be that inhour is rotated, torrid areas (between north and south latitude 23 degree half) rotating hour hands rotation all can (but, because the equator of passing through of subsolar point changes (March 22 and September 22), preferably arrange and change horizontal direction rotation button.And require the angle of vertically following to be transferred to the 90+24=114 degree).
While meeting high wind, rotate according to wind direction left and right with the wind.
Rotation dynamic circuit interface: as Fig. 3, fix several pieces conducting metal sequins (determining according to required circuit) on an insulation rod, upper and lower surface relative position at each disk arranges a pair of spring clip made from conductive material, thereby make electric current between sheet and folder form path, be no matter that sheet turns and clamps or the sheet clamp is rotated around sheet, all can make, the electric current between limiting-members connects.And rotational angle do not limit, rotating is also harmless, and translation is good within the specific limits.Garden sheet size is wanted suitably, as too small as chankings, high to making precision and the installation accuracy requirement of composite bearing guide rail and disk border, its size is determining making and installation accuracy (the special dynamic circuit interface for the sheet clamp dynamic formula that is installed on disc centre).The stator axle of one group of rotation circuit interface that the sheet clamp is moving is placed in the small garden hole position at composite bearing disk theory center, as the supporting leg post of the aperture ，Yu center load-bearing bearing in disk in Fig. 1 is connected.Moving folder is fixed in the edge of center roundlet on the disk of composite bearing, is mainly used in overall photovoltaic electric current output.Another group is the moving formula that clamps of sheet, for the branch current of every row photovoltaic cell group of the every line of Fig. 5, converges.Settling the moving plate axle of rotation dynamic circuit interface and the transverse axis of its photovoltaic battery panel is same axle, as long as install round moving plate additional.Clamp is fixed on the truss perpendicular with the cell panel transverse axis.
There is an aperture at composite bearing disk theory center, as the disk dead axle of the rotation dynamic circuit interface of Fig. 3 is fixed on ground center load-bearing bearings leg by this hole.The edge bottom of aperture is also loaded onto the middle part load-bearing strong point of 1-2 single load-bearing bearings as composite bearing.
Rotation and cell panel are when transverse axis rotates the horizontal garden dish of rotation dynamic circuit interface composite bearing during for strong wind with the wind with the wind, and circuit electric wire retention is intact.
Fig. 5 is the wheel combination of multiaxis parallel chain: needn't elaborate any further, understand at a glance, strung the gear teeth on the transverse axis of each cell panel by chain, under the indication of dynamic sensor, solar tracking is rotated in the same way.While meeting wind, box haul rotates.
The asymmetric installation of cell panel: asymmetric have two meanings, one refers to for the left and right of the sprocket wheel block position in the disc centre middle part, more or less for the erection space of photovoltaic battery panel, and as the cell panel quantity of left and right in Fig. 5, concrete ratio will be determined according to local wind-force.They are two years old, refer to that cell panel on every row transverse axis is for the rotation transverse axis of oneself, the cell panel area is also non-symmetrical placement, as the upper row's cell panel in Fig. 5, in short, for two turning axles in length and breadth, the cell panel area is not wait, and Fig. 4 is the asymmetric diagram of small-sized household photovoltaic battery panel for another example.Why want asymmetric arrangement? in order to keep away strong wind, remove severe snow exactly.When strong wind when being level, due to the longitudinal axis settle asymmetric, make cell panel left and right unbalance stress and produce the disk integral body that the horizontal direction turning moment causes composite bearing turn to as weathervane and make the cell panel lateral force, and unlikely its front is impaired because of wind resistance.When wind direction becomes upper and lower turbulent flow, in like manner because producing vertical direction moment, the transverse axis asymmetric installation make cell panel rotate and avoid windburn around transverse axis.In like manner, severe snow arrives, and because the second asymmetric installation causes the area that holds snow, do not wait, thereby the gravity produced does not wait, and causes the transverse axis turning moment that accumulated snow is toppled over yet and is not detained, and the more anxious larger effect of wind and snow is better.The strong wind severe snow attacks simultaneously at one's discretion, and the practical intelligent sun system for tracking be comprised of composite bearing, the comprehensive function of rotating dynamic circuit interface and cell panel asymmetric installation and effect all can be tackled calmly.
If the result of eliminating because of asymmetric installation can cause when weight is asymmetric affects smooth running, the way of available additional weight gives balance, thereby makes motion steadily.
Add choke plate: an end of the cell panel transverse axis that also can install in symmetry adds choke plate, and produce twisting resistance while making battery grillage on composite bearing that wind be arranged and refuse, thus wind sheltering.It is adjustable that choke plate still can be designed to size, thereby adjust moment in order to changing area and angular setting windage, adapts to the wind-force size.
When choke plate is overlapping and during perpendicular to the cell panel Plane Installation, the choke plate area is zero, when choke plate stretches and during 90-degree rotation (with the cell panel plane parallel) side by side, the windage maximum, other situation windages are between between the above two, and continuous stepless is adjustable.
With the degree of depth of buildings, merge: using the support socle of composite bearing as the pillar of buildings, with the desired height (or number of plies) of buildings and with reference to photovoltaic battery panel, topped terrestrial applications decides the height that supports socle, using the disk of composite bearing as the roof of buildings, the area of buildings, topped floor area, purposes and composite bearing area and the overall arrangement of photovoltaic general power.Also because overall weight concentrates on, support socle, at these socles, take the elasticity earthquake counter measure can make monolithic architecture thing shock-absorbing.In a word, consider the purposes of buildings to merge with the composite bearing degree of depth, the main member function is utilized each other, economy improves greatly.Rotate with sun synchronization on the top that even also can be suspended in the bottom of disk skeleton to buildings or be placed in disk, joyful.These different buildingss are as ， rural area, city ， pastoral area ， plant area, ， mine, ， field, road surface, office, island, frontier defense, plateau, ， mountain area, Plain ... farm house, villa, go sightseeing in sight spot, motor vehicles oiling charging combined station, brooder, tobacco flue-curing house, plant, sentry post ... but equal required design.
The cell panel large tracts of land is installed and is not also feared wind and snow, reliability, and security, economy has just improved greatly.If be placed in roof, can the pin leg of spring bearing bottom steel directly and in the reinforced concrete at building top steel be connected.
Quiet sensor can be placed in the top of the rotation dynamic circuit interface dead axle of composite bearing theoretical center axle clamp dynamic formula.The translucent cover of quiet sensor makes the garden taper, in order to avoid accumulated snow and dust accretions.Installation site and the method for two dynamic sensors are constant.
The rotating campaign under normal circumstances of cell panel transverse axis, during high wind, turn with the wind.Removed forward and reverse travel switch of former patent horizontal direction rotation; The rotating travel switch circuit of transverse axis rotation is changed into to a self-lock contactor and replace, trigger unit will replace with microswitch (coil of this contactor seals in microswitch); Increased a time relay, for regulating the interval of controlling the time of following, made the time of following adjustable and eliminated the hysteresis of relay, it is more accurate, controllable to make to follow.
Access respectively signal display circuit at quiet sensor circuit, the mechanical, electrical vertical motor circuit of level electricity, duty is presented at indoor, duty is very clear; Increase in addition the motor straight control circuit, button is placed in indoor so that remote-control battery plate attitude again.
Due to the use of composite bearing, an original vertical pivot has been become to a plane; Due to the use of rotation dynamic circuit interface and the asymmetric arrangement (or adding choke plate) of cell panel, can wind sheltering remove the snow again.
The battery board bracket of Fig. 5 is placed on the composite bearing disk.The support of cell panel suitably extension is greater than the disk area of composite bearing.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the disk of composite bearing, available steel or reinforced concrete are manufactured, Fig. 2 is the bearing pawl, Fig. 3 is in rotation dynamic circuit interface, the asymmetric installation that Fig. 4 is small-sized microminiature capacity cell plate (also can fill in the frame bottom appropriate location Roll pearl bearings pin to strengthen the intensity of support), the asymmetric scheme of installation that Fig. 5 is the combination of multiaxis parallel chain wheel and cell panel.
Embodiment
Seize with bearing pawl and the single load-bearing bearing each several of Fig. 2 disk that supports Fig. 1 on both sides by the arms, allow the dynamic circuit interface (the quiet folder dynamic formula of sheet) of Fig. 3 be fixed on the supporting leg post of center load-bearing bearing through the center small sircle hole of Fig. 1 disk, the photovoltaic cell frame of putting Fig. 5 on disk (certainly comprise the sprocket wheel combination and on each transverse axis upper slice clamp dynamic formula dynamic circuit interface, the asymmetric arrangement of cell panel).The specific properties that also should consider the buildings merged mutually with it determines the parameters of supporting leg length, intensity quantity and the disk of bearing pawl and load-bearing bearing.
In the placement of global arbitrfary point and without considering other factors.
Trial run is described
Severe working environment when being divided into working hour, inoperative period and considering that two periods met with the strong wind severe snow simultaneously.
The normal operation period: early morning, the sun comes up in the east, the quiet sensor that is placed in the sheet clamp dynamic formula dynamic circuit interface top of disc centre is subject to solar radiation, resistance decreasing, the circuital current in almost opening circuit of series connection with it is increased, relay contact is connected, and so, on disk, the dynamic sensor circuit on press horizontal mobile sensor and cell panel transverse axis obtains the power supply supply.Find the sun so first drive horizontal motor (in one of load-bearing bearing of disk bottom) (Northern Hemisphere) rotation from West to East, after aiming, the cataclysm of press horizontal mobile sensor resistance is large, cut off horizontal current of electric and connect the vertical direction current of electric on the cell panel transverse axis simultaneously, under the guiding of the vertical dynamic sensor of transverse axis, rotation aims at the sun from bottom to top, and after aiming, this dynamic sensor resistance cataclysm is large, cut off the sprocket motors power supply, relay timing start-up time again simultaneously.Now, battery is aiming at the sun with 90 degree, and time relay duration of work cuts off again remaining circuit and powers to economize on electricity.To the schedule time, sunlight also departs from dynamic sensor, so start again to aim at ... so go round and begin again, until sunset, quiet sensor cuts off all power, treats to meet tomorrow that the sun rising in the eastern sky again.When meet by chance strong wind disk in asymmetric arrangement (the first asymmetric arrangement), moment overcomes disk friction power and motor torque rotates the posture adjustment state with the wind, if upper and lower turbulent flow is arranged, the cell panel transverse axis can rotate the modulation attitude with the wind because of the asymmetric arrangement of the cell panel on it (second claims to settle), thereby intelligence is kept away strong wind, avoid its evil.If meet severe snow by chance, thereby also because the asymmetric arrangement of cell panel forms accumulated snow weight, do not wait and produce torsional moment accumulated snow is fallen, intelligence is removed snow, makes cell panel exempt from load-bearing, and not shading.After wind and snow, all only recover again normal operation.
The non-normal working period: all power supplies are entirely disconnected, there is no the moment factor impact of motor, and seemingly, cell panel appoints wind and snow to behave unscrupulously and its attitude is made the best of things for all situations and aforementioned phase, exempts from the evil of wind and snow.
Above-mentioned operating mode, all can pass through the pilot lamp of Control Room out, to the removal of accumulated snow, still can remove by indoors artificial remote control attitude-adjusting method.
Trial run is described and can be described part referring to the trial run of patent 2006100386373 patents simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1. practical intelligent sun tracking system, comprise composite bearing, the dynamic rotary circuit interface, the asymmetric arrangement of photovoltaic cell module area, the sprocket wheel combination, with the degree of depth of buildings, merge, it is characterized in that: composite bearing, load-bearing bearing by bottom, three bearings of the security bearing on the Limit Bearing of side and top form a bearing pawl, clamp circular discs by being no less than three bearing pawls, disk can not be moved forward and backward left and right up and down, only may be around its a few Heyuan Garden heart rotations, at least optionally select a load-bearing bearing as drive shaft bearing, in order to driver plate, rotate, garden dish size and the load-bearing bearing of composite bearing are how many, according to the demand of cell panel area or weight, determine, the concentric garden radius that the installation direction of load-bearing bearing and security bearing is all the garden heart with the theoretical center of its folded disk is spatially parallel, large-scale ultra-large type composite bearing still can increase suitable load-bearing bearing or bearing pawl at its bottom even, and (these single load-bearing bearings or pawl form concentric garden shape and distribute, certainly must there is the guide rail of disk bottom to match with it), in order on average to share the weight of photovoltaic cell frame, composite bearing is used for carrying the photovoltaic cell support, improve a little, photovoltaic cell module is changed into to the parabolic wire casing and just can be used for photo-thermal power generation, putting concave mirror or lens just can make the concave mirror lens light gathering follow, also can place solar water heater, rotation dynamic circuit interface, fix several pieces conducting metal sequins (sheet is several how many and determine according to required circuit) on an insulation rod, upper and lower surface relative position at each disk arranges a pair of spring clip of making of conductive material, thereby make electric current between sheet and folder form path, be no matter that sheet turns and clamps or the sheet clamp is rotated around sheet, the circuital current between moving, the limiting-members that all can make to rotate is connected, the combination of multiaxis parallel chain wheel, string the gear teeth on each cell panel transverse axis by chain, and under the indication of dynamic sensor, solar tracking is rotated in the same way, and while meeting wind, box haul rotates, the asymmetric installation of cell panel, for two turning axles in length and breadth, the cell panel area is settled and is not waited, with the degree of depth of buildings, merge, using the support socle of composite bearing as the pillar of buildings, with the desired height (or number of plies) of buildings and with reference to photovoltaic battery panel, topped terrestrial applications decides the height that supports socle, using the disk of composite bearing as the roof of buildings, the area of buildings, topped floor area, purposes and composite bearing area and the overall arrangement of photovoltaic general power, preferred compositions.
2. according to the said practical intelligent sun tracking system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: duty is presented at indoor in real time, is convenient to understand working condition, and the failure judgement approximate range.
3. according to the said practical intelligent sun tracking system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: but indoor manual remote control is adjusted the cell panel attitude, when non intelligent control, but the manual intervention posture adjustment.
4. according to the said practical intelligent sun tracking system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: because the supporting leg of wanting bearing in load-bearing adopts appropriate action reply earthquake, whole system has the defence seismic function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210188862.2A CN103472851B (en) | 2012-06-09 | 2012-06-09 | Practical intelligent sun system for tracking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210188862.2A CN103472851B (en) | 2012-06-09 | 2012-06-09 | Practical intelligent sun system for tracking |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103472851A true CN103472851A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103472851B CN103472851B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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| CN201210188862.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103472851B (en) | 2012-06-09 | 2012-06-09 | Practical intelligent sun system for tracking |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105096005A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏大学 | Optimal scheduling method for high concentration photovoltaic sun tracking device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1908551A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-02-07 | 张建民 | Solar intelligent tracking device |
| KR20090084217A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-05 | 조영곤 | A rotating apparatus |
| CN101776918A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-14 | 顾杰 | All-weather precise intelligent sun tracking system |
| US20110108019A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-05-12 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne., Inc. | Heliostat joint |
| CN102075116A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-05-25 | 安徽枞晨回转支承有限公司 | Rotary base plate tracking sun automatically |
-
2012
- 2012-06-09 CN CN201210188862.2A patent/CN103472851B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1908551A (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2007-02-07 | 张建民 | Solar intelligent tracking device |
| KR20090084217A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-05 | 조영곤 | A rotating apparatus |
| US20110108019A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-05-12 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne., Inc. | Heliostat joint |
| CN101776918A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-14 | 顾杰 | All-weather precise intelligent sun tracking system |
| CN102075116A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-05-25 | 安徽枞晨回转支承有限公司 | Rotary base plate tracking sun automatically |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105096005A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏大学 | Optimal scheduling method for high concentration photovoltaic sun tracking device |
| CN105096005B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2018-08-21 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Optimization Scheduling applied to high power concentrating photovoltaic sun-following device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103472851B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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