CN103472493B - A kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry - Google Patents
A kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103472493B CN103472493B CN201310403720.8A CN201310403720A CN103472493B CN 103472493 B CN103472493 B CN 103472493B CN 201310403720 A CN201310403720 A CN 201310403720A CN 103472493 B CN103472493 B CN 103472493B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry, be made up of four I/V change-over circuits, two one-level amplifying circuits, second amplifying circuit, trap circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit and low-pass filter circuits, circuit structure is simple.Because gravity gradient tensor is only contained in two frequency multiplication sinewave modulation signal, this testing circuit mainly eliminates DC component, frequency multiplication component sine waves, other higher hamonic waves and random noise, from two extremely faint frequency-doubled signals, detect gradient tensor signal.The present invention inhibits a multiple-frequency modulation signal greatly, is fully exaggerated two multiple-frequency modulation signals, and avoid a multiple-frequency modulation signal to produce dynamic distortion, achieve the accurate measurement to two multiple-frequency modulation signals, detection resolution is high simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit, particularly a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry, belongs to signal detection technique.
Background technology
Gravity field data obtains to be needed to rely on gravimetry instrument to realize, the gravity field observation data obtained by gravimetry instrument, can be widely used in multiple fields such as metrology, geodetic surveying, geophysics, geodynamics, space science, hazard prediction, Marine Sciences.Because gravity gradient signal madulation is on lower frequency, and Gravity Gradient Sensor output signal strength very faint (pA level can be reached), two multiple-frequency modulation signals useful in gravity gradiometer sensor output signal are buried in DC component, a multiple-frequency modulation component of signal and noise component, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) can be greater than 120dB.And the difference on the frequency between a multiple-frequency modulation signal and two multiple-frequency modulation signals is very little.One frequency multiplication sinewave modulation signal, by producing two double-frequency distortions during testing circuit, is co-channel interference signals for two tested multiple-frequency modulation signals, can produces great impact to the accurate measurement of two multiple-frequency modulation signals.Two multiple-frequency modulation signal frequencies are very low, cause the 1/f noise of semiconductor devices remarkable, therefore will overcome 1/f noise and bring difficulty to measurement.The method for detecting weak signals such as the coherent detection adopted in testing circuit and filtering, because the response time of measuring system can not be oversize, make the ability of these method restraint speckle and interference be restricted.Existing instrument can not, directly to ultra-low frequency Detection of Weak Signals, therefore need special Weak Signal Detecting Circuit to detect the gradient information in gravity gradiometer sensor output signal.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry, and this circuit structure is simple, and detection resolution is high.
By I/V conversion, zero-bit deduction circuit, amplifying circuit, trap circuit, band-pass circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit and low-pass filter circuit, realize the detection to gradient tensor information in gravity gradiometer sensor output signal.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry, four accelerometers installed by gravity gradiometer, every two accelerometers form one group, often organize accelerometer symmetry to install, by four I/V change-over circuits, two one-level amplifying circuits, second amplifying circuit, trap circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit and low-pass filter circuit composition, four road current signals of four accelerometer generations convert four road voltage signals to respectively through four I/V change-over circuits, the two-way voltage signal often organizing accelerometer conversion carries out amplification respectively through an one-level amplifying circuit and processes for the anti-multiple-frequency modulation signal of offset voltage signal Semi-polarity, and two multiple-frequency modulation signals of same polarity are carried out addition amplification, second amplifying circuit carries out addition to the voltage signal that two one-level amplifying circuits export and amplifies, trap circuit carries out a frequency-doubled signal suppression to the voltage signal after second amplifying circuit amplification and again deducts a residual multiple-frequency modulation signal, bandwidth-limited circuit carries out bandpass filtering to the voltage signal that trap circuit exports, voltage signal after bandpass filtering eventually passes low-pass filter circuit filtering after carrying out phase sensitive detection by phase-sensitive detection circuit and obtains gradient tensor voltage signal.
I/V change-over circuit is by anti-phase scaling circuit, integrating circuit, voltage follower circuit and resistance R
fcomposition, wherein the first operational amplifier A
1with resistance R
f, electric capacity C
oform anti-phase scaling circuit and realize the conversion of current signal to voltage signal, resistance R
f, electric capacity C
othe first operational amplifier A is connected on after parallel connection
1reverse input and output side between, the second operational amplifier A
2, resistance R
1form integrating circuit with electric capacity C, electric capacity C is connected on the second operational amplifier A
2reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
1be connected on the first operational amplifier A
1output terminal and the second operational amplifier A
2reverse input end between, the 3rd operational amplifier A
3, resistance R
2with resistance R
3composition voltage follower, resistance R
2be connected on the second operational amplifier A
2output terminal and the 3rd operational amplifier A
3reverse input end between, resistance R
3be connected on the 3rd operational amplifier A
3reverse input end and output terminal between, the 3rd operational amplifier A
3output terminal and the indirect resistance R of input current
f, the first operational amplifier A
1, the second operational amplifier A
2with the 3rd operational amplifier A
3positive input ground connection.
Bandwidth-limited circuit is by four operational amplifier A
4, A
5, A
6, A
7, 8 resistance R
4, R
5, R
6, R
7, R
8, R
9, R
10, R
11with two electric capacity C
1, C
2composition, resistance R
4the output of a termination trap circuit, another termination four-operational amplifier A
4reverse input end, resistance R
5be connected on four-operational amplifier A
4output terminal and reverse input end between, four-operational amplifier A
4output terminal connecting resistance R successively
6, R
7form the output of band-pass circuit, the 6th operational amplifier A
6positive input be connected on resistance R
6, R
7between, resistance R
9be connected on the 6th operational amplifier A
6reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
8be connected on the 5th operational amplifier A
5reverse input end and the 6th operational amplifier A
6output terminal between, resistance R
10be connected on the 6th operational amplifier A
6reverse input end and the 7th operational amplifier A
7output terminal between, electric capacity C
2be connected on the 5th operational amplifier A
5reverse input end and output terminal between, the 5th operational amplifier A
5output terminal connecting resistance R
7output terminal, electric capacity C
1be connected on the 7th operational amplifier A
7reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
11be connected on the 7th operational amplifier A
7reverse input end and the 5th operational amplifier A
5output terminal between, operational amplifier A
4, A
5, A
7positive input ground connection.
Trap circuit is made up of operational amplification circuit A8, resistance R12, R13, R14 and band-pass circuit according to claim 3, between the output terminal that resistance R14 is connected on operational amplification circuit A8 and reverse input end, resistance R13 and band-pass circuit series connection are between the output terminal and reverse input end of operational amplification circuit A8, the output of the one termination second amplifying circuit of resistance R12, the reverse input end of another termination operational amplification circuit A8, the output of operational amplification circuit A8 is as the output of trap circuit.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art: the present invention is made up of four I/V change-over circuits, two one-level amplifying circuits, second amplifying circuit, trap circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit and low-pass filter circuits, and circuit structure is simple.The present invention comprises a multiple-frequency modulation signal by four, two multiple-frequency modulation signals, the current input signal of DC bias signal and noise is become voltage signal by four I/V change-over circuit after-current signals and is amplified 50000 times, direct current biasing component is deducted simultaneously, A, in B road voltage signal input first order inverting amplifier, wherein A, a multiple-frequency modulation signal polarity in B road is contrary, by a multiple-frequency modulation signal subtraction after first order amplifier, two multiple-frequency modulation signal polarities are identical, 10 times are amplified by phase adduction after first order amplifier, signal polarity after the amplification of two-way one-level is identical, pass in secondary see-saw circuit and sue for peace and amplify 2 times, signal after secondary amplifies passes in a trap circuit, a multiple-frequency modulation signal remaining in filtering signal also amplifies useful two multiple-frequency modulation signal 10 times, signal after trap passes in bandwidth-limited circuit, two multiple-frequency modulation signals are made to pass through and amplify 10 times, other frequency signals and noise filtering, thus inhibit a multiple-frequency modulation signal greatly, fully be exaggerated two multiple-frequency modulation signals, avoid a multiple-frequency modulation signal to produce dynamic distortion simultaneously, achieve the accurate measurement to two multiple-frequency modulation signals, detection resolution is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is gravity gradiometer scheme of installation;
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of testing circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the theory of constitution figure of I/V conversion circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the theory of constitution figure of bandwidth-limited circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the theory of constitution figure of trap circuit of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to gravity gradiometer principle, introduce feeble signal principle of work in detail and how to realize extracting gradient information in gravity gradiometer sensor output signal.Rotary accelerometer formula gravity gradiometer structure diagram as shown in Figure 1, in Fig. 1, four add table and are separated by successively 90 ° and are arranged on rotating mechanism disk, add table responsive to acceleration signal flow into respectively in Weak Signal Detecting Circuit, testing circuit to the input signal process of four Lu Jiabiao, and then obtains gradient signal.As shown in Figure 2, the present invention is by four I/V change-over circuits, two one-level amplifying circuits, second amplifying circuit, trap circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit and low-pass filter circuit composition, four road current signals of four accelerometer generations convert four road voltage signals to respectively through four I/V change-over circuits, the two-way voltage signal often organizing accelerometer conversion carries out amplification respectively through an one-level amplifying circuit and processes for the anti-multiple-frequency modulation signal of offset voltage signal Semi-polarity, and two multiple-frequency modulation signals of same polarity are carried out addition amplification, second amplifying circuit carries out addition to the voltage signal that two one-level amplifying circuits export and amplifies, trap circuit carries out a frequency-doubled signal suppression to the voltage signal after second amplifying circuit amplification and again deducts a residual multiple-frequency modulation signal, bandwidth-limited circuit carries out bandpass filtering to the voltage signal that trap circuit exports, voltage signal after bandpass filtering eventually passes low-pass filter circuit filtering after carrying out phase sensitive detection by phase-sensitive detection circuit and obtains gradient tensor voltage signal.
Concrete principle is as follows: four accelerometers installed by gravity gradiometer, and every two accelerometers form one group, often organizes accelerometer symmetry and installs, the I of circuit of the present invention
a, I
b, I
c, I
dfour road electric currents are input as gravity gradiometer four acceierometer sensor output signals, and signal comprises a multiple-frequency modulation signal, two multiple-frequency modulation signals, DC bias signal and noise, and in the signal of every road, the amplitude of each component is identical, phase place is different.Four current input signals are become voltage signal by four I/V change-over circuit after-current signals and are amplified 50000 times, and direct current biasing component is deducted simultaneously; In A, B road voltage signal input first order inverting amplifier, a multiple-frequency modulation signal polarity wherein in A, B road is contrary, by a multiple-frequency modulation signal subtraction after first order amplifier, two multiple-frequency modulation signal polarities are identical, amplify 10 times by phase adduction after first order amplifier.Same A, B road, C, D road; Signal polarity after the amplification of two-way one-level is identical, passes in secondary see-saw circuit and sues for peace and amplify 2 times; Signal after secondary amplifies passes in a trap circuit, and object is a multiple-frequency modulation signal remaining in filtered signal and amplifies useful two multiple-frequency modulation signal 10 times; Signal after trap passes in bandwidth-limited circuit, and object makes two multiple-frequency modulation signals pass through and amplify 10 times, other frequency signals and noise filtering; Signal after band is logical passes in phase-sensitive detection circuit, and the signal after phase sensitive detection passes in low-pass filter circuit, and final output signal is just gravity gradient tensor signal.Because gravity gradient tensor is only contained in two frequency multiplication sinewave modulation signal, therefore this main circuit will eliminate DC component, frequency multiplication component sine waves, other higher hamonic waves and random noise, from two extremely faint frequency-doubled signals, detect gradient tensor signal.This circuit suppresses a multiple-frequency modulation signal greatly, amplifies two multiple-frequency modulation signals, effectively detects buried two frequency-doubled signal components in DC component, a frequency-doubled signal component.
As shown in Figure 3, I/V change-over circuit is by anti-phase scaling circuit, integrating circuit, voltage follower circuit and resistance R
fcomposition, wherein the first operational amplifier A
1with resistance R
f, electric capacity C
oform anti-phase scaling circuit and realize the conversion of current signal to voltage signal, resistance R
f, electric capacity C
othe first operational amplifier A is connected on after parallel connection
1reverse input and output side between, the second operational amplifier A
2, resistance R
1form integrating circuit with electric capacity C, electric capacity C is connected on the second operational amplifier A
2reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
1be connected on the first operational amplifier A
1output terminal and the second operational amplifier A
2reverse input end between, the 3rd operational amplifier A
3, resistance R
2with resistance R
3composition voltage follower, resistance R
2be connected on the second operational amplifier A
2output terminal and the 3rd operational amplifier A
3reverse input end between, resistance R
3be connected on the 3rd operational amplifier A
3reverse input end and output terminal between, the 3rd operational amplifier A
3output terminal and the indirect resistance R of input current
f, the first operational amplifier A
1, the second operational amplifier A
2with the 3rd operational amplifier A
3positive input ground connection.
As shown in Figure 4, bandwidth-limited circuit is by four operational amplifier A
4, A
5, A
6, A
7, 8 resistance R
4, R
5, R
6, R
7, R
8, R
9, R
10, R
11with two electric capacity C
1, C
2composition, resistance R
4the output of a termination trap circuit, another termination four-operational amplifier A
4reverse input end, resistance R
5be connected on four-operational amplifier A
4output terminal and reverse input end between, four-operational amplifier A
4output terminal connecting resistance R successively
6, R
7form the output of band-pass circuit, the 6th operational amplifier A
6positive input be connected on resistance R
6, R
7between, resistance R
9be connected on the 6th operational amplifier A
6reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
8be connected on the 5th operational amplifier A
5reverse input end and the 6th operational amplifier A
6output terminal between, resistance R
10be connected on the 6th operational amplifier A
6reverse input end and the 7th operational amplifier A
7output terminal between, electric capacity C
2be connected on the 5th operational amplifier A
5reverse input end and output terminal between, the 5th operational amplifier A
5output terminal connecting resistance R
7output terminal, electric capacity C
1be connected on the 7th operational amplifier A
7reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
11be connected on the 7th operational amplifier A
7reverse input end and the 5th operational amplifier A
5output terminal between, operational amplifier A
4, A
5, A
7positive input ground connection.
As shown in Figure 5, trap circuit is made up of operational amplification circuit A8, resistance R12, R13, R14 and band-pass circuit, between the output terminal that resistance R14 is connected on operational amplification circuit A8 and reverse input end, resistance R13 and band-pass circuit series connection are between the output terminal and reverse input end of operational amplification circuit A8, the output of the one termination second amplifying circuit of resistance R12, the reverse input end of another termination operational amplification circuit A8, the output of operational amplification circuit A8 is as the output of trap circuit.
Below testing circuit performance is specifically introduced:
Measurement to a frequency multiplication electric current rejection ability: as a maximum 100 μ A of multiple-frequency modulation current component, testing circuit output voltage only has DC component, none harmonic value.Show that testing circuit has the ability of very strong suppression one multiple-frequency modulation signal.
Measurement to direct current biasing rejection ability: when direct current biasing component is 200 μ A to the maximum, Weak Signal Detecting Circuit plate exports relevant voltage and is folded to the electric current of input end 10
-11a magnitude, shows that testing circuit has the ability of very strong suppression DC component.
Measurement to noise current rejection ability: when noise current is 1 μ A to the maximum, Weak Signal Detecting Circuit plate exports relevant voltage and is folded to the electric current of input end 10
-11a magnitude, shows that testing circuit has very strong restraint speckle ability.
Detectability to signal: when input current is 0.05nA/0.5Hz to the maximum, Weak Signal Detecting Circuit exports as 15mV, shows that Weak Signal Detecting Circuit can detect the low-frequency current signal being better than 0.1nA.
The non-detailed description of the present invention is known to the skilled person technology.
Claims (4)
1. the Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry, four accelerometers installed by gravity gradiometer, every two accelerometers form one group, often organize accelerometer symmetry to install, it is characterized in that: by four I/V change-over circuits, two one-level amplifying circuits, second amplifying circuit, trap circuit, bandwidth-limited circuit, phase-sensitive detection circuit and low-pass filter circuit composition, four road current signals of four accelerometer generations convert four road voltage signals to respectively through four I/V change-over circuits, the two-way voltage signal often organizing accelerometer conversion carries out amplification respectively through an one-level amplifying circuit and processes for the anti-multiple-frequency modulation signal of offset voltage signal Semi-polarity, and two multiple-frequency modulation signals of same polarity are carried out addition amplification, second amplifying circuit carries out addition to the voltage signal that two one-level amplifying circuits export and amplifies, trap circuit carries out a multiple-frequency modulation signal suppressing to the voltage signal after second amplifying circuit amplification and again deducts a residual multiple-frequency modulation signal, bandwidth-limited circuit carries out bandpass filtering to the voltage signal that trap circuit exports, voltage signal after bandpass filtering eventually passes low-pass filter circuit filtering after carrying out phase sensitive detection by phase-sensitive detection circuit and obtains gradient tensor voltage signal,
Described I/V change-over circuit is by anti-phase scaling circuit, integrating circuit, voltage follower circuit and resistance R
fcomposition, wherein the first operational amplifier A
1with resistance R
f, electric capacity C
oform anti-phase scaling circuit and realize the conversion of current signal to voltage signal, resistance R
f, electric capacity C
othe first operational amplifier A is connected on after parallel connection
1reverse input end and output terminal between, the second operational amplifier A
2, resistance R
1form integrating circuit with electric capacity C, electric capacity C is connected on the second operational amplifier A
2reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
1be connected on the first operational amplifier A
1output terminal and the second operational amplifier A
2reverse input end between, the 3rd operational amplifier A
3, resistance R
2with resistance R
3composition voltage follower circuit, resistance R
2be connected on the second operational amplifier A
2output terminal and the 3rd operational amplifier A
3reverse input end between, resistance R
3be connected on the 3rd operational amplifier A
3reverse input end and output terminal between, the 3rd operational amplifier A
3output terminal and the indirect resistance R of input current
f, the first operational amplifier A
1, the second operational amplifier A
2with the 3rd operational amplifier A
3positive input ground connection.
2. a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bandwidth-limited circuit is by four operational amplifier A
4, A
5, A
6, A
7, 8 resistance R
4, R
5, R
6, R
7, R
8, R
9, R
10, R
11with two electric capacity C
1, C
2composition, resistance R
4the output of a termination trap circuit, another termination four-operational amplifier A
4reverse input end, resistance R
5be connected on four-operational amplifier A
4output terminal and reverse input end between, four-operational amplifier A
4output terminal connecting resistance R successively
6, R
7form the output of bandwidth-limited circuit, the 6th operational amplifier A
6positive input be connected on resistance R
6, R
7between, resistance R
9be connected on the 6th operational amplifier A
6reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
8be connected on the 5th operational amplifier A
5reverse input end and the 6th operational amplifier A
6output terminal between, resistance R
10be connected on the 6th operational amplifier A
6reverse input end and the 7th operational amplifier A
7output terminal between, electric capacity C
2be connected on the 5th operational amplifier A
5reverse input end and output terminal between, the 5th operational amplifier A
5output terminal connecting resistance R
7output terminal, electric capacity C
1be connected on the 7th operational amplifier A
7reverse input end and output terminal between, resistance R
11be connected on the 7th operational amplifier A
7reverse input end and the 5th operational amplifier A
5output terminal between, operational amplifier A
4, A
5, A
7positive input ground connection.
3. a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described trap circuit is by operational amplification circuit A
8, resistance R
12, R
13, R
14form with bandwidth-limited circuit according to claim 2, resistance R
14be connected on operational amplification circuit A
8output terminal and reverse input end between, resistance R
13with bandwidth-limited circuit series connection at operational amplification circuit A
8output terminal and reverse input end between, resistance R
12the output of a termination second amplifying circuit, another termination operational amplification circuit A
8reverse input end, operational amplification circuit A
8output as the output of trap circuit.
4. a kind of Weak Signal Detecting Circuit for gradiometry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described one-level amplifying circuit and second amplifying circuit are see-saw circuit.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103792413A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Multi-channel weak signal acquisition circuit |
| CN104453857B (en) * | 2014-11-02 | 2018-02-16 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | A kind of small hole deviation go into the well tiltedly and tool face azimuth dynamic measurement method and device |
| CN104459826B (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2017-09-26 | 东南大学 | Rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer gravity gradient signal simulation method |
| CN104570142B (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2017-02-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Demodulation method of gravity gradient measuring signals of gravity gradiometer |
| CN104618033B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-09-09 | 东南大学 | A kind of multilayer self-adaptive harmonics detection gravitational cue noise suppressing method |
| CN107124179B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2024-02-27 | 安康学院 | Phase-locked amplifier for detecting weak photocurrent signal |
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