CN104062004B - Extremely-weak light signal detection device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于信号探测领域,尤其涉及一种基于数字信号处理器(DSP)的高精度极弱光信号探测装置及方法。该装置包括机械快门,光电倍增管,低噪声前置放大器,高通滤波电路,高分辨率A/D转换电路,DSP处理电路,快门驱动电路和计算机;通过上述装置对极弱光信号进行调制、消本底噪声和数字取样积分的处理,实现了极弱入射光的精确探测。同时,本发明的装置生产成本低,结构简单,便于使用。
The invention belongs to the field of signal detection, in particular to a high-precision extremely weak light signal detection device and method based on a digital signal processor (DSP). The device includes a mechanical shutter, a photomultiplier tube, a low-noise preamplifier, a high-pass filter circuit, a high-resolution A/D conversion circuit, a DSP processing circuit, a shutter drive circuit and a computer; the extremely weak optical signal is modulated, The processing of eliminating background noise and digital sampling integration realizes the precise detection of extremely weak incident light. At the same time, the device of the invention has low production cost, simple structure and convenient use.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属光信号探测领域,涉及一种极弱光信号探测装置及方法,尤其涉及一种基于数字信号处理器(DSP)的高精度极弱光信号探测装置及方法。The invention belongs to the field of optical signal detection, and relates to an extremely weak optical signal detection device and method, in particular to a high-precision extremely weak optical signal detection device and method based on a digital signal processor (DSP).
背景技术Background technique
极弱光信号测量中常常会出现背景噪声或干扰很大而被测信号却十分微弱、甚至被噪声湮没的情况。这种情况下,通过光电探测器将弱光信号转换成微弱电信号,再通过低噪声前置放大器对微弱电信号进行放大的传统方法是无法从噪声中提取和恢复被测信号的。目前常用的方法是通过锁相放大器或取样积分器实现对极弱光信号的探测和提取。In the measurement of extremely weak optical signals, it often occurs that the background noise or interference is very large, but the measured signal is very weak or even obliterated by the noise. In this case, the traditional method of converting the weak light signal into a weak electrical signal through a photodetector and then amplifying the weak electrical signal through a low-noise preamplifier cannot extract and restore the measured signal from the noise. At present, the commonly used method is to realize the detection and extraction of extremely weak optical signals through a lock-in amplifier or a sampling integrator.
锁相放大器利用噪声与信号的频率和相位不相关特性,通过压缩检测通道带宽实现了对噪声的大幅度抑制,从而改善信号的信噪比。取样积分器是利用一个与信号重复频率一致的参考信号,对含有噪声的信号进行取样处理,经过多次重复取样提取,使噪声的统计平均趋于零,实现对信号的提取。The lock-in amplifier utilizes the frequency and phase uncorrelated characteristics of noise and signal, and realizes a large suppression of noise by compressing the bandwidth of the detection channel, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. The sampling integrator uses a reference signal consistent with the signal repetition frequency to sample the noise-containing signal. After repeated sampling and extraction, the statistical average of the noise tends to zero, and the signal is extracted.
这两种方法在实际使用时存在着以下几个方面的缺点:These two methods have the following disadvantages in actual use:
1)利用锁相放大器对弱光信号进行探测时,需要在探测器前端加装一个斩波器。斩波器的作用是将入射光信号调制成正弦交流信号并输出一个与调制信号同频同相的参考信号给锁相放大器。这对斩波器提出了很高的要求,既能将光信号在时域上调制成正弦信号,且输出的参考信号与调制信号同频同相,还要求参考信号具备很高的频率稳定度以免漂移出窄带以外。通常,一个能满足上述要求的斩波器十分昂贵,增加了研制任务成本。1) When using a lock-in amplifier to detect weak light signals, it is necessary to install a chopper at the front end of the detector. The function of the chopper is to modulate the incident optical signal into a sinusoidal AC signal and output a reference signal with the same frequency and phase as the modulated signal to the lock-in amplifier. This puts forward high requirements for the chopper, which can not only modulate the optical signal into a sinusoidal signal in the time domain, but also output the reference signal with the same frequency and phase as the modulated signal, and also require the reference signal to have high frequency stability to avoid drift out of the narrowband. Usually, a chopper that can meet the above requirements is very expensive, increasing the development task cost.
2)由于锁相放大器与斩波器为两个独立工作的设备,参考信号在通过线缆传输至锁相放大器参考端时可能会因线缆分布参数的影响而导致信号的相移。另外,参考信号在传输过程中若受到电磁干扰,其频率和相位会被干扰信号调制。这无疑会造成最终测试的不准确,特别是在长距离传输或电磁环境较差时,这些影响非常明显。2) Since the lock-in amplifier and the chopper are two independent devices, when the reference signal is transmitted to the reference terminal of the lock-in amplifier through the cable, the phase shift of the signal may be caused by the influence of the distribution parameters of the cable. In addition, if the reference signal is subjected to electromagnetic interference during transmission, its frequency and phase will be modulated by the interference signal. This will undoubtedly cause inaccuracy in the final test, especially when the long-distance transmission or the electromagnetic environment is poor, these effects are very obvious.
3)取样积分器是测量噪声中微弱的周期重复信号的一种仪器,因此在测量极弱光信号时同样需要对被测光进行周期性的调制,和锁相放大器存在相似的问题。3) The sampling integrator is an instrument for measuring weak periodic repetitive signals in noise, so when measuring extremely weak optical signals, it is also necessary to periodically modulate the measured light, which has similar problems to the lock-in amplifier.
4)取样积分器的核心是取样模拟开关和RC积分电路,其中取样模拟开关在门脉冲的控制下通过对微弱模拟信号进行间隔采样,而RC积分电路是在模拟开关接通的时间内对采样的模拟信号值进行积分,再经末级放大后输出。模拟开关属于半导体器件,存在漏电流,并不能实现真正意义上的关断,会引入额外的噪声。RC积分电路决定了积分时间常数τ,通常电容C的容值是确定的,通过调节电阻R的阻值便实现了对τ的调节,但由于R的阻值并不能被精确的测量,因此对积分时间常数τ不能实现精确调节。4) The core of the sampling integrator is the sampling analog switch and the RC integration circuit, wherein the sampling analog switch samples the weak analog signal at intervals under the control of the gate pulse, and the RC integration circuit samples the weak analog signal within the time when the analog switch is turned on. The analog signal value is integrated, and then output after being amplified by the final stage. The analog switch is a semiconductor device, and there is a leakage current, and it cannot be turned off in a true sense, and additional noise will be introduced. The RC integrating circuit determines the integral time constant τ. Usually, the capacitance of the capacitor C is determined. By adjusting the resistance of the resistor R, the adjustment of τ is realized. However, since the resistance of R cannot be accurately measured, the The integral time constant τ cannot be adjusted precisely.
5)锁相放大器和取样积分器均需要将探测器输出信号经低噪声前放电路放大后再对极弱有用信号进行提取。通常要求探测器输出与前置放大器输入端尽量靠近,并且尽量缩短前置放大器输出与锁相放大器或取样积分器输入端间的传输距离。一方面,可以减少信号衰减,另一方面可以减少长距离传输受到外部电磁环境的干扰。然而这样会限制一些特殊场合的应用,特别是当探测器安放位置距前置放大器较远时或前置放大器距测试仪器较远时,信号衰减和外部电磁环境的干扰会严重影响测试结果。5) Both the lock-in amplifier and the sampling integrator need to amplify the output signal of the detector through a low-noise pre-amplifier circuit and then extract the extremely weak useful signal. It is usually required that the detector output be as close as possible to the input end of the preamplifier, and the transmission distance between the output end of the preamplifier and the input end of the lock-in amplifier or sampling integrator be shortened as much as possible. On the one hand, it can reduce signal attenuation, and on the other hand, it can reduce the interference of long-distance transmission from the external electromagnetic environment. However, this will limit the application in some special occasions, especially when the detector is placed far away from the preamplifier or the preamplifier is far away from the test instrument, the signal attenuation and the interference of the external electromagnetic environment will seriously affect the test results.
6)通常在使用锁相放大器或取样积分器时,往往不能确定信号前置放大器自身的噪声,因为这部分噪声是没有通过调制的,与被测信号不相关,属于电路的本底噪声。6) Usually when using a lock-in amplifier or a sampling integrator, it is often impossible to determine the noise of the signal preamplifier itself, because this part of the noise is not modulated and is not related to the measured signal, and belongs to the background noise of the circuit.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决技术背景中常用方法所存在的不足和局限性,本发明提出了一种成本低、操作简单、能够实现对极弱光信号的进行精确探测的极弱光信号探测装置及方法。In order to solve the deficiencies and limitations of common methods in the technical background, the present invention proposes a very weak light signal detection device and method with low cost, simple operation, and accurate detection of very weak light signals.
本发明的具体技术方案是:Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种极弱光信号探测装置,其特征在于:包括机械快门,光电倍增管,低噪声前置放大器,高通滤波电路,高分辨率A/D转换电路,DSP处理电路,快门驱动电路和计算机;An extremely weak optical signal detection device is characterized in that it includes a mechanical shutter, a photomultiplier tube, a low-noise preamplifier, a high-pass filter circuit, a high-resolution A/D conversion circuit, a DSP processing circuit, a shutter drive circuit and a computer;
光电倍增管和入射极弱光之间设置有机械快门,光电倍增管的输出端与低噪声前置放大器的输入端连接,低噪声前置放大器的输出端与高通滤波电路的输入端连接,高通滤波电路的输出端与高分辨率A/D转换电路的输入端连接,高分辨率A/D转换电路的输出端与DSP处理电路的输入端连接,DSP处理电路与计算机相互连接;所述机械快门和DSP处理电路之间设置有快门驱动电路。A mechanical shutter is set between the photomultiplier tube and the incident extremely weak light. The output end of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the input end of the low-noise preamplifier, and the output end of the low-noise preamplifier is connected to the input end of the high-pass filter circuit. The output end of the filter circuit is connected with the input end of the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit, the output end of the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit is connected with the input end of the DSP processing circuit, and the DSP processing circuit is connected with the computer; the mechanical A shutter driving circuit is arranged between the shutter and the DSP processing circuit.
上述低噪声前置放大器为低电流转电压型前置放大器;所述低噪声前置放大器的偏置电流小于2pA,在106I/V转换增益时噪声≤2mVp-p;;所述高通滤波电路滤除能满足滤除小于100Hz的低频成分;所述高分辨率A/D转换电路的分辨等级为16bit。The above-mentioned low-noise preamplifier is a low-current-to-voltage preamplifier; the bias current of the low-noise preamplifier is less than 2pA, and the noise is less than or equal to 2mV pp when the conversion gain is 10 6 I/V; the high-pass filter circuit The filtering can meet the requirements of filtering out low frequency components less than 100 Hz; the resolution level of the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit is 16 bits.
上述计算机与DSP处理电路之间通过屏蔽型网线相互连接。The computer and the DSP processing circuit are connected to each other through a shielded network cable.
根据上述的探测装置,现提出该装置的一探测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:According to above-mentioned detection device, propose a detection method of this device now, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1)在计算机上对极弱光信号的调制周期、采样时间、采样间隔和采样次数等参数进行设定;1) Set parameters such as the modulation period, sampling time, sampling interval and sampling times of the extremely weak optical signal on the computer;
2)计算机将步骤1)设定的参数传输至DSP处理电路;2) The computer transmits the parameters set in step 1) to the DSP processing circuit;
3)DSP处理电路根据设定的调制周期控制快门驱动电路使机械快门对极弱光信号进行调制;3) The DSP processing circuit controls the shutter drive circuit according to the set modulation period to make the mechanical shutter modulate the extremely weak light signal;
4)光电倍增管对调制后的极弱光信号进行探测并输出微弱电流信号;4) The photomultiplier tube detects the modulated extremely weak light signal and outputs a weak current signal;
5)低噪声前置放大电路(偏置电流小于2pA,在106I/V转换时噪声≤2mVp-p;)接收光电倍增管输出微弱电流信号转换成电压信号并放大,然后将该放大的电压信号输出;5) Low-noise pre-amplification circuit (bias current less than 2pA, noise ≤2mV p - p when converting 10 6 I/V;) receiving the weak current signal output by the photomultiplier tube, converting it into a voltage signal and amplifying it, and then amplifying it The voltage signal output;
6)高通滤波电路接收放大的电压信号并对该信号进行高通滤波,滤除100Hz以下的低频成分,然后将过滤后的电压信号输出;6) The high-pass filter circuit receives the amplified voltage signal and performs high-pass filtering on the signal to filter out low-frequency components below 100 Hz, and then outputs the filtered voltage signal;
7)高分辨率A/D转换电路接收滤波后的电压信号转换成16bit数字信号并将该信号传输至DSP处理电路;7) The high-resolution A/D conversion circuit receives the filtered voltage signal and converts it into a 16-bit digital signal and transmits the signal to the DSP processing circuit;
8)DSP处理电路对数字信号进行采集、去本底噪声、数字取样、带通滤波和数字积分得到最终极弱光的信号数据,再通过屏蔽型网线将数据传输至计算机;8) The DSP processing circuit collects the digital signal, removes the background noise, digital sampling, band-pass filtering and digital integration to obtain the final extremely weak light signal data, and then transmits the data to the computer through a shielded network cable;
其中,所述去本底噪声为去除低噪声前置放大电路噪声。Wherein, the background noise removal is to remove the noise of the low-noise preamplifier circuit.
上述步骤8)中的去本底噪声的步骤如下:Above-mentioned step 8) in the step of removing background noise as follows:
8.1)机械快门处于关闭状态,没有光信号输入;8.1) The mechanical shutter is closed and there is no optical signal input;
8.2)低噪声前置放大电路将本体的微弱电压信号放大并输出至高通滤波电路;放大后的微弱电压信号经高通滤波电路滤除低频成分,将过滤后的电压信号传输至高分辨率A/D转换电路;高分辨率A/D转换电路将过滤后的电压信号转换成数字信号并将该数字信号传输至DSP处理电路;8.2) The low-noise preamplifier circuit amplifies the weak voltage signal of the body and outputs it to the high-pass filter circuit; the amplified weak voltage signal is filtered by the high-pass filter circuit to filter out low-frequency components, and the filtered voltage signal is transmitted to the high-resolution A/D Conversion circuit; the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit converts the filtered voltage signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the DSP processing circuit;
8.3)DSP处理电路将机械快门闭合时的数据记录为前置放大电路的本底噪声;8.3) The DSP processing circuit records the data when the mechanical shutter is closed as the background noise of the preamplifier circuit;
8.4)DSP处理电路将有光信号入射时的数字信号减去前置放大电路的本底噪声。8.4) The DSP processing circuit subtracts the background noise of the preamplifier circuit from the digital signal when the optical signal is incident.
本发明的优点在于:The advantages of the present invention are:
1、本发明通过机械快门对入射的弱光进行调制,所有工作通过DSP处理电路进行时序控制,使调制电路与采集电路之间时序关系明确,具有相关性,调制方式简单且成本低廉;1. The invention modulates the incident weak light through the mechanical shutter, and all the work is controlled by the timing of the DSP processing circuit, so that the timing relationship between the modulation circuit and the acquisition circuit is clear and relevant, and the modulation method is simple and low in cost;
2、本发明在机械快门CLOSE状态下能够确定低噪声前置放大器的本底噪声,并可通过DSP处理电路减去本底噪声的影响,使结果更加真实、可信;2. The present invention can determine the background noise of the low-noise preamplifier in the state of the mechanical shutter CLOSE, and can subtract the influence of the background noise through the DSP processing circuit to make the result more real and credible;
3、本发明采用高分辨率的A/D转换电路,使采样结果更加接近真实值;3. The present invention adopts a high-resolution A/D conversion circuit to make the sampling result closer to the real value;
4、本发明使用DSP处理电路对数据进行采样时间和采样间隔的确定,避免了取样模拟开关自身引入的噪声和RC积分电路带来的不准确性;4. The present invention uses a DSP processing circuit to determine the sampling time and sampling interval for data, avoiding the noise introduced by the sampling analog switch itself and the inaccuracy brought by the RC integration circuit;
5、本发明采用高通滤波电路对数据进行数字滤波,减少了由电路硬件滤波引入的噪声;5. The present invention uses a high-pass filter circuit to digitally filter the data, which reduces the noise introduced by the circuit hardware filter;
6、本发明采用DSP处理电路对采样后的数据进行数字积分,处理速度快;6. The present invention adopts DSP processing circuit to digitally integrate the sampled data, and the processing speed is fast;
7、本发明中的DSP处理电路和计算机通过屏蔽型网线连接,输出数据为数字型,抗干扰能力强,通过屏蔽型网线可实现最长90m的数据传输距离;7. The DSP processing circuit in the present invention is connected to the computer by a shielded network cable, the output data is digital, and the anti-interference ability is strong, and the longest data transmission distance of 90m can be realized by the shielded network cable;
8、本发明实现成本低,重复性好,操作简便,便于系统的集成。8. The present invention has the advantages of low cost, good repeatability, easy operation and convenient system integration.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构简图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
1-机械快门、2-高压电源、3-光电倍增管、4-低噪声前置放大器、5-高通滤波电路、6-高分辨率A/D转换电路、7-DSP处理电路、8-快门驱动电路、9-计算机。1-Mechanical shutter, 2-High voltage power supply, 3-Photomultiplier tube, 4-Low noise preamplifier, 5-High-pass filter circuit, 6-High resolution A/D conversion circuit, 7-DSP processing circuit, 8-Shutter Drive circuit, 9-computer.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明提出了一种能对极弱光信号进行精准探测的探测装置及该装置的探测方法。The invention provides a detection device capable of accurately detecting extremely weak light signals and a detection method of the device.
以下结合图1对该装置的结构进行描述:The structure of this device is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1:
该探测装置包括机械快门1,光电倍增管3,低噪声前置放大器4,高通滤波电路5,高分辨率A/D转换电路6,DSP处理电7路,快门驱动电路8和计算机9;The detection device includes a mechanical shutter 1, a photomultiplier tube 3, a low-noise preamplifier 4, a high-pass filter circuit 5, a high-resolution A/D conversion circuit 6, a DSP processing circuit 7, a shutter drive circuit 8 and a computer 9;
光电倍增管3和入射极弱光之间设置有机械快门1,光电倍增管3的输出端与低噪声前置放大器4的输入端连接,低噪声前置放大器4的输出端与高通滤波电路5的输入端连接,高通滤波电路5的输出端与高分辨率A/D转换电路6的输入端连接,高分辨率A/D转换电路6的输出端与DSP处理电路7的输入端连接,DSP处理电路7与计算机9相互连接;机械快门1和DSP处理电路7之间设置有快门驱动电路8。A mechanical shutter 1 is arranged between the photomultiplier tube 3 and the incident extremely weak light, the output end of the photomultiplier tube 3 is connected to the input end of the low-noise preamplifier 4, and the output end of the low-noise preamplifier 4 is connected to the high-pass filter circuit 5 The input end of the high-pass filter circuit 5 is connected with the input end of the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit 6, and the output end of the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit 6 is connected with the input end of the DSP processing circuit 7, and the DSP The processing circuit 7 is connected to the computer 9; a shutter driving circuit 8 is arranged between the mechanical shutter 1 and the DSP processing circuit 7 .
其中,本领域技术人员都知道,在使用光电倍增管的时候,必须要给光电倍增管3连接一个高压电源2才能满足其正常工作。Wherein, those skilled in the art know that when using a photomultiplier tube, a high-voltage power supply 2 must be connected to the photomultiplier tube 3 to satisfy its normal operation.
低噪声前置放大器4为低电流转电压型前置放大器;低噪声前置放大器的偏置电流小于2pA,在106I/V转换增益时噪声≤2mVp-p;高通滤波电路5滤除能满足滤除小于100Hz的低频成分;高分辨率A/D转换电路6的分辨等级为16bit。The low-noise preamplifier 4 is a low-current-to-voltage preamplifier; the bias current of the low-noise preamplifier is less than 2pA, and the noise is less than or equal to 2mV p - p when the conversion gain is 10 6 I/V; the high-pass filter circuit 5 filters out It can satisfactorily filter out low-frequency components less than 100 Hz; the resolution level of the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit 6 is 16 bits.
另外,该装置工作时,为了避免外界干扰,计算机9和DSP处理电路7之间通过屏蔽型网线连接,而且屏蔽型网线可实现最长90m的数据传输距离,实现了无干扰、长距离的数据传输。In addition, when the device is working, in order to avoid external interference, the computer 9 and the DSP processing circuit 7 are connected by a shielded network cable, and the shielded network cable can realize a data transmission distance of up to 90m, realizing interference-free, long-distance data transmission. transmission.
通过上述对装置结构的描述,该装置的具体工作过程是,包括以下步骤:Through the above description of the device structure, the specific working process of the device includes the following steps:
步骤1)在计算机上对极弱光信号的调制周期、采样时间、采样间隔和采样次数等参数进行设定;Step 1) Setting parameters such as the modulation period, sampling time, sampling interval and sampling times of the extremely weak optical signal on the computer;
步骤2)计算机将步骤1)设定的参数传输至DSP处理电路;Step 2) The computer transmits the parameters set in step 1) to the DSP processing circuit;
步骤3)DSP处理电路根据设定的调制周期控制快门驱动电路使机械快门对极弱光信号进行调制;Step 3) The DSP processing circuit controls the shutter drive circuit according to the set modulation period to make the mechanical shutter modulate the extremely weak light signal;
步骤4)光电倍增管对调制后的极弱光信号进行探测并输出微弱电流信号;Step 4) The photomultiplier tube detects the modulated extremely weak light signal and outputs a weak current signal;
步骤5)低噪声前置放大电路(偏置电流小于2pA,在106I/V转换时噪声≤2mVp-p)接收光电倍增管输出微弱电流信号转换成电压信号并放大,然后将该放大的电压信号输出;Step 5) Low-noise preamplifier circuit (bias current less than 2pA, noise ≤2mV pp during 10 6 I/V conversion) receives the photomultiplier tube output weak current signal and converts it into a voltage signal and amplifies it, and then the amplified voltage signal output;
步骤6)高通滤波电路接收放大的电压信号并对该信号进行高通滤波,滤除低频成分,然后将过滤后的电压信号输出;(注:通常情况下我们采用的高通滤波电路将100Hz以下的低频成分过滤掉,这样确保采样结果更加准确)Step 6) The high-pass filter circuit receives the amplified voltage signal and performs high-pass filter on the signal to filter out low-frequency components, and then outputs the filtered voltage signal; Components are filtered out to ensure more accurate sampling results)
步骤7)高分辨率A/D转换电路接收滤波后的电压信号转换数字信号并将该信号传输至DSP处理电路;Step 7) The high-resolution A/D conversion circuit receives the filtered voltage signal to convert the digital signal and transmits the signal to the DSP processing circuit;
步骤8)DSP处理电路对数字信号进行采集、去本底噪声、数字取样、带通滤波和数字积分得到得到最终极弱光的信号数据,再通过屏蔽型网线将数据传输至计算机;Step 8) The DSP processing circuit collects the digital signal, removes background noise, digital sampling, band-pass filtering and digital integration to obtain the final extremely weak light signal data, and then transmits the data to the computer through a shielded network cable;
其中,所述去本底噪声为去除低噪声前置放大电路噪声。Wherein, the background noise removal is to remove the noise of the low-noise preamplifier circuit.
步骤8)中具体去本底噪声的步骤如下:In step 8), the steps of removing background noise are as follows:
步骤8.1)机械快门处于关闭状态,没有光信号输入;Step 8.1) The mechanical shutter is in a closed state, and there is no optical signal input;
步骤8.2)低噪声前置放大电路将本体的微弱电压信号放大并输出至高通滤波电路;放大后的微弱电压信号经高通滤波电路滤除低频成分,将过滤后的电压信号传输至高分辨率A/D转换电路;高分辨率A/D转换电路将过滤后的电压信号转换成数字信号并将该数字信号传输至DSP处理电路;Step 8.2) The low-noise pre-amplification circuit amplifies the weak voltage signal of the body and outputs it to the high-pass filter circuit; the amplified weak voltage signal is filtered by the high-pass filter circuit to remove low-frequency components, and the filtered voltage signal is transmitted to the high-resolution A/ D conversion circuit; the high-resolution A/D conversion circuit converts the filtered voltage signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the DSP processing circuit;
(注:通常情况下我们采用的高通滤波电路将100Hz以下的低频成分过滤掉,这样确保采样结果更加准确)(Note: Usually, the high-pass filter circuit we use filters out the low-frequency components below 100Hz, so as to ensure more accurate sampling results)
步骤8.3)DSP处理电路将机械快门闭合时的数据记录为前置放大电路的本底噪声;Step 8.3) The DSP processing circuit records the data when the mechanical shutter is closed as the background noise of the preamplifier circuit;
步骤8.4)DSP处理电路将接收到的入射极弱光的数字信号减去DSP处理电路接收到的低噪声前置放大电路本体噪声的数字信号。Step 8.4) The DSP processing circuit subtracts the digital signal of the body noise of the low-noise preamplifier circuit received by the DSP processing circuit from the received digital signal of the extremely weak incident light.
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