CN103471953B - A kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof - Google Patents
A kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof, relate to test macro and method of testing thereof.The present invention will solve existing test macro to be difficult to ensure that test specimen is immersed in significant depth in water constant be all the time a smaller value, can not absorb water that quality is carried out in real time, robotization continuous coverage there is the accidental error that manual operations etc. is introduced, the problem that measurement sensitivity is low, precision is low to test specimen.Present system is made up of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance and test specimen suction unit.Method of testing: one, liquid in emptying balance draft tube; Two, test specimen suction unit height and water level is regulated; Three, computer acquisition qualitative data.It is a smaller value that the present invention can ensure that test specimen is immersed in significant depth in water constant all the time, can in real time, robotization continuous coverage reduce accidental error, measurement sensitivity is high, precision is high.Be applied to concrete material pore texture, surface capillary moisture content test research and Practical Project permanance detection field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test macro and method of testing thereof, particularly surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof.
Background technology
The permanance of concrete material is significant for the security of xoncrete structure life cycle management, economy.How correctly to assess, detect the permanance of concrete material, the engineer applied for concrete material is extremely important.Concrete permanance and corrosive medium are closely related toward the speed of internal migration by the hole of material internal, crackle.Capillary water absorption rate energy quota portray under capillary action concrete material sucks easy degree or the speed of moisture, and and the rate of water diffusion, there is clear and definite, strict theory relation between permeability, be the important indicator of a quantitatively characterizing concrete material permanance quality.Compared to the test of the indexs such as concrete gas, moisture and chloride permeability rate, surface capillary water-intake rate by measure concrete sample unit area water suction quality over time speed evaluate the quality of concrete material mass transfer performance, endurance quality, test philosophy is simple and be particularly suitable for characterizing the quality good or not with direct, the closely-related Surface layer's concrete of permanance, in academia and engineering circles widespread use.
The mass change of test specimen in surface with water contact process of surface capillary water-intake rate test request monitoring side seal, during actual measurement, often the direct mass change by hand dipping concrete sample calculates.Now along with the carrying out of surface capillary water suction, in whole measuring process, be difficult to ensure that concrete sample is immersed in the degree of depth in water constant is all the time a smaller value.Secondly, because concrete sample density, quality are all comparatively large, the quality that absorbs water is relatively very little, also require the free water of drying with wet cloth on test specimen and water surface in contact during the quality of direct test water suction concrete sample, this makes the measuring accuracy of water suction quality low and is easily subject to the impact of manual operation error.In addition, the quality of hand dipping water suction concrete sample must need to spend the regular hour, can not stop timing during test mass and during this, hydraulic boundary conditions on concrete sample surface is changed, this can make surface contact free water and whole process water being sucked material internal under the effect of REFRIGERATION SYSTEM DRIVEN BY CAPILLARY FORCE power is interfered.Above-mentioned many-sided influence factor makes the measurement result of surface capillary water-intake rate may introduce comparatively big error, and is difficult to long-time continuous and monitors.Sabir proposed in 1998 to adopt underslung electronic balance directly to measure the mass change of water suction concrete sample to the capillary water absorption rate that converts, although the manual operation error that the manual surface of contact drying test specimen and water can be avoided to cause, still can not ensure during this system testing that test specimen is immersed in the degree of depth in water constant is all the time a smaller value.Cerny equals within 2006, to propose to adopt geneva bottle to maintain constant level, on the basis of the proving installation of Sabir, some improves for he, but it with Sabir put forward the same mass change by density measurement, concrete sample that quality is larger of device and calculate water suction quality, because the sensitivity (sensitivity of SEA LEVEL VARIATION to be measured is about 0.5mm) of the mass change very small and traditional geneva bottle of capillary water absorption generation can not meet the demands, the measuring accuracy of concrete capillary water absorption quality is made to be difficult to ensure, especially unfavorable to test long-term water suction mass change.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve existing surface capillary water-intake rate test macro that to be difficult to ensure that concrete sample is immersed in significant depth in water constant be all the time a smaller value, can not carry out in real time the water suction quality of concrete sample, robotization continuous coverage and there is accidental error, measurement sensitivity is low, precision the is low problem that manual operations etc. introduces, a kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System and method of testing thereof are provided.
A kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System of the present invention, be made up of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance and test specimen suction unit, constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with water inlet pipe by rising pipe, silica gel hose with test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit is made up of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, air communicating pipe, balance draft tube and rising pipe; Described electronic balance is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe is all arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle with balance draft tube, air communicating pipe is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle in one end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside, balance draft tube is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle in one end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside; Air communicating pipe top is provided with a gas valve; Balance draft tube top is provided with a gas valve; A needle tubing is provided with bottom balance draft tube; Rising pipe one end with valve is communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe by silica gel hose, and described water inlet pipe is communicated with sample closed chamber bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit is made up of sample closed chamber, water inlet pipe, draining valve, variable valve, L-type water-level gauge and sample support; Wherein, sample closed chamber top is provided with a level meter, and lower end is provided with water inlet pipe, and on the right side of closed chamber, lower end is provided with L-type water-level gauge, and the L-type water-level gauge other end is arranged upward; On the right side of sample closed chamber, upper end is provided with variable valve; Draining valve is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber; Sample closed chamber bottom inside is provided with three contour sample support.
The method of testing of a kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System of the present invention is as follows:
One, the valve on rising pipe is closed, toward constant pressure water-supply sealing bottled water to the lower end just not flooding air communicating pipe; Open the gas valve in gas valve on air communicating pipe and balance draft tube and good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, close the gas valve on air communicating pipe top afterwards; Open the valve on rising pipe, the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside is flowed out by rising pipe, water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and the water level balanced in draft tube comparatively fast declines, until its water level decreasing to the balance lower end of draft tube and gas begin through balance draft tube enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle time, close the valve on rising pipe, emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, and constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle internal liquid is in equilibrium state;
Two, with silica gel hose, rising pipe is connected with water inlet pipe, close draining valve, open variable valve, the linked hole flooding water inlet pipe and L shape water-level gauge and sample closed chamber is added water in sample closed chamber, require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support simultaneously, build the top cover of sample closed chamber and good seal; Adjustment highly regulates pin to make the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle to the needle point level height 10 ~ 15mm making internal liquid level lower than balance draft tube, open the valve on rising pipe, water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle starts to supplement and the gas that may exist in emptying silica gel hose in sample closed chamber, close variable valve, in sample closed chamber, water level remains unchanged, and the water level in L shape water-level gauge continues rise and may overflow; Adjustment highly regulates pin to make gas no longer enter the top 1mm of the interior and corresponding balance water level in L shape water-level gauge of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle lower than L shape water-level gauge, simultaneously by level meter control test specimen suction unit level by balance draft tube; Test specimen suction unit height and water level adjust complete, and whole system is in water level balance state; If now siphon away micro-moisture from L shape water-level gauge top, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle by balance draft tube, and make whole system again be in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve on rising pipe, open variable valve, open the upper cover of sample closed chamber, reduce the water level of sample closed chamber by draining valve and surfaced in the tip of sample support; The concrete sample of all side seals be placed in test specimen support member top and temporarily do not contact with water, covering the upper cover of sample closed chamber and good seal; Open the valve on rising pipe, water starts to supplement in sample closed chamber in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, gas to be entered in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle by balance draft tube and water level in sample closed chamber raises gradually, variable valve is closed when the height that its water level inside floods test specimen is 3mm, in sample closed chamber water level constant and in L shape water-level gauge water level continue to rise to from reaching equilibrium state during the 1mm of top, allow computing machine start to gather the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit by time interval of setting in advance.Along with concrete sample water suction, air pressure in sample closed chamber edges down, water continues to supplement in sample closed chamber from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle upper gas cavity pressure declines, and outside atmosphere is supplemented by balance draft tube to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle inside and reaches new equilibrium state.After balance, liquid level in L shape water-level gauge is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance, namely the Mass lost amount of computer acquisition electronic balance equals the recruitment of concrete sample quality, can be calculated the surface capillary water-intake rate of concrete sample by mass change amount.
The present invention comprises following beneficial effect:
1, owing to being connected by silica gel hose between constant pressure water-supply unit with test specimen suction unit, constant pressure water-supply unit can the liquid level constant of strict guarantee L shape water-level gauge constant, thus ensure that the concrete sample bottom surface significant depth be immersed in water is a constant smaller value, strictly meet the hydraulic boundary conditions required by the test of surface capillary water-intake rate, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in sample closed chamber when simultaneously can avoid testing for a long time;
The present invention adopts sample closed chamber collocation variable valve, not only can ensure that test specimen bottom surface is immersed in significant depth in water constant is a comparatively fractional value, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in sample closed chamber when simultaneously can avoid testing for a long time, adopt L-type water-level gauge collocation sample closed chamber significantly can promote the sensitivity of test macro, sample of the present invention absorb water about 0.5g time balance draft tube start tonifying Qi, in corresponding closed chamber, SEA LEVEL VARIATION is about 0.02mm, due to balance draft tube bottom meniscus existence and can the degree of crook of self-adaptative adjustment liquid level, actual water suction mass measurement precision is higher, and the sensitivity of traditional geneva bottle to SEA LEVEL VARIATION to be measured is about 0.5mm,
2, owing to being connected by silica gel hose between constant pressure water-supply unit with test specimen suction unit, the moisture that concrete sample absorbs can be supplemented from constant pressure water-supply unit in real time, continuously, the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample is constantly equal to the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality, the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample can be measured by the reduction of indirect inspection constant pressure water-supply element quality in real time, there is higher measuring accuracy and the test request to various different size, different quality concrete sample surface capillary water-intake rate can be met;
3, owing to being monitored the water suction quality of concrete sample by the mass change of indirect inspection constant pressure water-supply unit, can reduce due to the accidental error of drying concrete sample bottom surface free water by hand, test specimen bottom surface departs from the factors such as free water a period of time and introduces;
4, the mass change owing to adopting electronic balance to measure constant pressure water-supply unit carrys out the water suction quality of indirect inspection concrete sample, real-time, continuous, full-automatic and long tracking measurement can be accomplished, may be used for mass change and the surface capillary water-intake rate thereof of measuring, study the long-time water absorbent surface of concrete material.It is one compared with the hydraulic boundary conditions of fractional value that the present invention's concrete sample that can strictly meet required by the test of surface capillary water-intake rate is immersed in significant depth in water constant, can in real time, automatically, follow-on test and precision is high, test findings favorable reproducibility for a long time, test operation is convenient, can be applied to concrete material hole (crackle) structure, the experimental study of surface capillary water-intake rate and Practical Project permanance detection field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is surface capillary water-intake rate automatic measuring system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is surface capillary water absorption of concrete test result figure in embodiment one, wherein represents measured data,---represent matched curve.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the combination in any between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: a kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System of present embodiment is made up of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance 2 and test specimen suction unit, and constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with water inlet pipe 9 by rising pipe 7, silica gel hose 8 with test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit is made up of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6 and rising pipe 7; Described electronic balance 2 is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe 5 is all arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 with balance draft tube 6, air communicating pipe 5 is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 in one end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside, balance draft tube 6 is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 in one end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside; Air communicating pipe 5 top is provided with a gas valve 14; Balance draft tube 6 top is provided with a gas valve 15; A needle tubing is provided with bottom balance draft tube 6; Rising pipe 7 one end with valve 16 is communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe 9 by silica gel hose 8, and described water inlet pipe 9 is communicated with sample closed chamber 3 bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit is made up of sample closed chamber 3, water inlet pipe 9, draining valve 10, variable valve 11, L-type water-level gauge 12 and sample support 13; Wherein, sample closed chamber 3 top is provided with a level meter 18, is provided with water inlet pipe 9 in lower end, and on the right side of closed chamber 3, lower end is provided with L-type water-level gauge 12, and L-type water-level gauge 12 other end is arranged upward; On the right side of sample closed chamber 3, upper end is provided with variable valve 11; Draining valve 10 is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber 3; Sample closed chamber 3 bottom inside is provided with three contour sample support 13.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment:
1, owing to being connected by silica gel hose between constant pressure water-supply unit with test specimen suction unit, constant pressure water-supply unit can the liquid level constant of strict guarantee L shape water-level gauge constant, thus ensure that the concrete sample bottom surface significant depth be immersed in water is a constant smaller value, strictly meet the hydraulic boundary conditions required by the test of surface capillary water-intake rate, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in sample closed chamber when simultaneously can avoid testing for a long time;
Present embodiment adopts sample closed chamber collocation variable valve, not only can ensure that test specimen bottom surface is immersed in significant depth in water constant is a comparatively fractional value, moisture Influence of Evaporation measuring accuracy in sample closed chamber when simultaneously can avoid testing for a long time, adopt L-type water-level gauge collocation sample closed chamber significantly can promote the sensitivity of test macro, present embodiment sample absorb water about 0.5g time balance draft tube start tonifying Qi, in corresponding closed chamber, SEA LEVEL VARIATION is about 0.02mm, due to balance draft tube bottom meniscus existence and can the degree of crook of self-adaptative adjustment liquid level, actual water suction mass measurement precision is higher, and the sensitivity of traditional geneva bottle to SEA LEVEL VARIATION to be measured is about 0.5mm,
2, owing to being connected by silica gel hose between constant pressure water-supply unit with test specimen suction unit, the moisture that concrete sample absorbs can be supplemented from constant pressure water-supply unit in real time, continuously, the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample is constantly equal to the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality, the water absorbing capacity of concrete sample can be measured by the reduction of indirect inspection constant pressure water-supply element quality in real time, there is higher measuring accuracy and the test request to various different size, different quality concrete sample surface capillary water-intake rate can be met.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one also comprise unlike: described test specimen suction unit and highly regulate pin 17 and level meter 18.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two have three contour height to regulate pin 17 unlike: described sample closed chamber 3 arranged outside, and are seated on levels operation platform 19.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: the range of described electronic balance 2 is 1000g, and precision is 0.001g.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four are organic glass unlike: described air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6, rising pipe 7, water inlet pipe 9 and L shape water-level gauge 12 material.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five are 5mm unlike the top of: described L shape water-level gauge 12 higher than the vertical distance on the top of sample support 13.Other is identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: the method for testing of a kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System of present embodiment, its method of testing comprises the steps:
One, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, fill water to the lower end just not flooding air communicating pipe 5 toward constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1; Open the gas valve 14 on air communicating pipe 5 and the gas valve 15 also good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 in balance draft tube 6, close the gas valve 14 on air communicating pipe 5 top afterwards; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside is flowed out by rising pipe 7, water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and the water level balanced in draft tube 6 comparatively fast declines, until its water level decreasing to the balance lower end of draft tube 6 and gas begin through balance draft tube 6 enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 time, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, and constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 internal liquid is in equilibrium state;
Two, with silica gel hose 8, rising pipe 7 is connected with water inlet pipe 9, close draining valve 10, open variable valve 11, the linked hole flooding water inlet pipe 9 and L shape water-level gauge 12 and sample closed chamber 3 is added water in sample closed chamber 3, require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support 13 simultaneously, build the top cover of sample closed chamber 3 and good seal; Adjustment highly regulates pin 17 to make the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle 3 to the needle point level height 10 ~ 15mm making internal liquid level lower than balance draft tube 6, open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 starts to supplement and the gas that may exist in emptying silica gel hose 8 in sample closed chamber 3, close variable valve 11, in sample closed chamber 3, water level remains unchanged, and the water level in L shape water-level gauge 12 continues rise and may overflow; Adjustment highly regulates pin 17 to make gas no longer enter the interior and corresponding balance water level in L shape water-level gauge 12 of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 lower than the top 1mm of L shape water-level gauge by balance draft tube 6, controls test specimen suction unit level by level meter 18 simultaneously; Test specimen suction unit height and water level adjust complete, and whole system is in water level balance state; If now siphon away micro-moisture from L shape water-level gauge top, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6, and make whole system again be in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, open variable valve 11, open the upper cover of sample closed chamber 3, reduce the water level of sample closed chamber 3 by draining valve 10 and surfaced in the tip of sample support 13; The concrete sample 4 of all side seals be placed in test specimen support member 13 top and temporarily do not contact with water, covering the upper cover of sample closed chamber 3 and good seal; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water starts to supplement in sample closed chamber 3 in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, gas to be entered in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6 and water level in sample closed chamber 3 raises gradually, variable valve 11 is closed when the height that its water level inside floods test specimen 4 is 3mm, in sample closed chamber 3 water level constant and in L shape water-level gauge 12 water level continue to rise to from reaching equilibrium state during the 1mm of top, allow computing machine start to gather the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit by time interval of setting in advance.Along with concrete sample 4 absorbs water, air pressure in sample closed chamber 3 edges down, water continues to supplement in sample closed chamber 3 from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 upper gas cavity pressure declines, and outside atmosphere is supplemented by balance draft tube 6 to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside and reaches new equilibrium state.After balance, liquid level in L shape water-level gauge 12 is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance 2, namely the Mass lost amount of computer acquisition electronic balance 2 equals the recruitment of concrete sample 4 quality, can be calculated the surface capillary water-intake rate of concrete sample by mass change amount.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment:
1, owing to being monitored the water suction quality of concrete sample by the mass change of indirect inspection constant pressure water-supply unit, can reduce due to the accidental error of drying concrete sample bottom surface free water by hand, test specimen bottom surface departs from the factors such as free water a period of time and introduces;
2, the mass change owing to adopting electronic balance to measure constant pressure water-supply unit carrys out the water suction quality of indirect inspection concrete sample, real-time, continuous, full-automatic and long tracking measurement can be accomplished, may be used for mass change and the surface capillary water-intake rate thereof of measuring, study the long-time water absorbent surface of concrete material.It is one compared with the hydraulic boundary conditions of fractional value that the present embodiment concrete sample that can strictly meet required by the test of surface capillary water-intake rate is immersed in significant depth in water constant, can in real time, automatically, follow-on test and precision is high, test findings favorable reproducibility for a long time, test operation is convenient, can be applied to concrete material hole (crackle) structure, the experimental study of surface capillary water-intake rate and Practical Project permanance detection field.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is proved by following examples:
Embodiment one:
A kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System of the present embodiment, be made up of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance 2 and test specimen suction unit, constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with water inlet pipe 9 by rising pipe 7, silica gel hose 8 with test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit is made up of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6 and rising pipe 7; Described electronic balance 2 is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe 5 is all arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 with balance draft tube 6, air communicating pipe 5 is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 in one end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside, balance draft tube 6 is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 in one end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside; Air communicating pipe 5 top is provided with a gas valve 14; Balance draft tube 6 top is provided with a gas valve 15; A needle tubing is provided with bottom balance draft tube 6; Rising pipe 7 one end with valve 16 is communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 bottom portion side end, and the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe 9 by silica gel hose 8, and described water inlet pipe 9 is communicated with sample closed chamber 3 bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit is made up of sample closed chamber 3, water inlet pipe 9, draining valve 10, variable valve 11, L-type water-level gauge 12 and sample support 13; Wherein, sample closed chamber 3 top is provided with a level meter 18, is provided with water inlet pipe 9 in lower end, and on the right side of closed chamber 3, lower end is provided with L-type water-level gauge 12, and L-type water-level gauge 12 other end is arranged upward; On the right side of sample closed chamber 3, upper end is provided with variable valve 11; Draining valve 10 is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber 3; Sample closed chamber 3 bottom inside is provided with three contour sample support 13.
The method for making that concrete sample 4 is conventional is: dry to constant weight by the concrete sample getting core gained at the concrete sample of laboratory maintenance good (maintenance certain length of time) or scene at 60 DEG C of temperature, then on all sides of concrete sample, brush epoxy resin or olefin material does waterproof sealing process, finally dried test specimen is placed in dry environment and is cooled to room temperature.
The shape of concrete sample 4 can be right cylinder or prism.
In this embodiment, electronic balance 2 is used for measuring in real time the quality process over time of constant pressure water-supply unit; A needle tubing is provided with to control air inflow bottom balance draft tube 6; Concrete sample 4 adopts diameter to be 100mm, to be highly the right cylinder (highly do not limit, but must adopt height and the sample closed chamber 3 that matches of piece lengths) of 50mm, and 4 sides adopt epoxy resin to carry out waterproof sealing; Air communicating pipe 5, balance draft tube 6, rising pipe 7, water inlet pipe 9 and L shape water-level gauge 12 all adopt external diameter to be the plexi-glass tubular of 6mm, wall thickness 1mm; It is the injection needle tubing of internal diameter 1mm in needle tubing (its internal diameter is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm, and needle tubing internal diameter can adjust the measurement adapting to different materials) the present embodiment that balance draft tube 6 bottom connects; The height of sample support 13 is 10mm.
The method of testing of a kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete of the present embodiment Auto-Test System is as follows:
One, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, fill water to the lower end just not flooding air communicating pipe 5 toward constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1; Open the gas valve 14 on air communicating pipe 5 and the gas valve 15 also good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 in balance draft tube 6, close the gas valve 14 on air communicating pipe 5 top afterwards; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside is flowed out by rising pipe 7, water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and the water level balanced in draft tube 6 comparatively fast declines, until its water level decreasing to the balance lower end of draft tube 6 and gas begin through balance draft tube 6 enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 time, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, and constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 internal liquid is in equilibrium state;
Two, with silica gel hose 8, rising pipe 7 is connected with water inlet pipe 9, close draining valve 10, open variable valve 11, the linked hole flooding water inlet pipe 9 and L shape water-level gauge 12 and sample closed chamber 3 is added water in sample closed chamber 3, require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support 13 simultaneously, build the top cover of sample closed chamber 3 and good seal; Adjustment highly regulates pin 17 to make the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle 3 to the needle point level height 15mm making internal liquid level lower than balance draft tube 6, open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 starts to supplement and the gas that may exist in emptying silica gel hose 8 in sample closed chamber 3, close variable valve 11, in sample closed chamber 3, water level remains unchanged, and the water level in L shape water-level gauge 12 continues rise and may overflow; Adjustment highly regulates pin 17 to make gas no longer enter the interior and corresponding balance water level in L shape water-level gauge 12 of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 lower than the top 1mm of L shape water-level gauge by balance draft tube 6, controls test specimen suction unit level by level meter 18 simultaneously; Test specimen suction unit height and water level adjust complete, and whole system is in water level balance state; If now siphon away micro-moisture from L shape water-level gauge top, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6, and make whole system again be in equilibrium state;
Three, close the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, open variable valve 11, open the upper cover of sample closed chamber 3, reduce the water level of sample closed chamber 3 by draining valve 10 and surfaced in the tip of sample support 13; The concrete sample 4 of all side seals be placed in test specimen support member 13 top and temporarily do not contact with water, covering the upper cover of sample closed chamber 3 and good seal; Open the valve 16 on rising pipe 7, water starts to supplement in sample closed chamber 3 in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, gas to be entered in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 by balance draft tube 6 and water level in sample closed chamber 3 raises gradually, variable valve 11 is closed when the height that its water level inside floods test specimen 4 is 3mm, in sample closed chamber 3 water level constant and in L shape water-level gauge 12 water level continue to rise to from reaching equilibrium state during the 1mm of top, allow computing machine start to gather the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit by time interval of setting in advance.Along with concrete sample 4 absorbs water, air pressure in sample closed chamber 3 edges down, water continues to supplement in sample closed chamber 3 from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 upper gas cavity pressure declines, and outside atmosphere is supplemented by balance draft tube 6 to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1 inside and reaches new equilibrium state.After balance, liquid level in L shape water-level gauge 12 is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance 2, computing machine temporally interval 2min gathers the recruitment that namely the Mass lost amount of electronic balance 2 equals concrete sample 4 quality, can be calculated the surface capillary water-intake rate of concrete sample by mass change amount.
Be connected on computing machine by data line by electronic balance, press the automatic acquisition quality data in certain hour interval by computing machine, real-time continuous is monitored to the mass change amount of water unit, i.e. the mass change amount of water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle 1.
The interval time of image data, the phase can be shorter before testing, and later stage mass change becomes slow and can arrange relatively longer by the time interval of image data afterwards.
Calculate its surface capillary water-intake rate to above-mentioned concrete sample, step is as follows:
One, the initial mass test data counting electronic balance 2 is M
0(kg), t afterwards
i(min) the i-th inferior quality measurement data of time is M
i, then t
ithe actual water suction quality of time inner concrete test specimen is M
0-M
i, now can calculate t according to following formula
ithe water suction volume V of unit area in time
i(m) be:
V
i=(M
0-M
i)/ρA ①
Wherein A(m
2) be the base area that concrete sample contacts with water, ρ is the density (kg/m of water
3);
Two, t is in the same time incited somebody to action not
ito absorb water volume V with corresponding unit area
im () carries out linear fit by following formula:
Gained slope S (m/min
0.5) be the surface capillary water-intake rate of institute's test block.
Three, when concrete sample has been tested, close the valve 16 of rising pipe 7 successively, open variable valve 11, open the top cover of sample closed chamber 3 and test specimen taken out (repeating the surface capillary water-intake rate that above-mentioned steps can continue to test next concrete sample).
Employing diameter is 100mm, is highly the right cylinder test specimen of 50mm, carrying out side seal to test specimen and after dry pre-service, gather the qualitative data of electronic balance 2 according to above-mentioned steps every 2min, by the water suction quality m of formula 1. unit of account area
i2. carry out linear regression by formula afterwards, the slope after trying to achieve recurrence is the capillary water absorption rate S of concrete sample, and test result as shown in Figure 2, wherein represents measured data,---represent matched curve.
The function expression of least square method gained matched curve is:
The degree of correlation R of fitting function and measured data reaches 0.9948, and from above formula 3., the surface capillary water-intake rate S of this test specimen is 0.039m/min
0.5.
In above-mentioned each embodiment, the structure of each parts, setting position and connection thereof all can change to some extent, and on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the improvement carry out individual part and equivalent replacement, should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System, it is characterized in that described surface capillary water absorption of concrete test macro is made up of constant pressure water-supply unit, electronic balance (2) and test specimen suction unit, constant pressure water-supply unit is communicated with water inlet pipe (9) by rising pipe (7), silica gel hose (8) with test specimen suction unit;
Described constant pressure water-supply unit is made up of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), air communicating pipe (5), balance draft tube (6) and rising pipe (7); Described electronic balance (2) is arranged on constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) bottom and is used for measuring the weight of constant pressure water-supply unit; Wherein, air communicating pipe (5) is all arranged on the upper end of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) with balance draft tube (6), air communicating pipe (5) is arranged on the upper end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) in one end that constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) is inner, and balance draft tube (6) is arranged on the lower end near constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) in one end that constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) is inner; Air communicating pipe (5) top is provided with a gas valve (14); Balance draft tube (6) top is provided with a gas valve (15); Balance draft tube (6) bottom is provided with a needle tubing; Rising pipe (7) one end of band valve (16) is communicated with constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) bottom portion side end, the other end is communicated with water inlet pipe (9) by silica gel hose (8), and described water inlet pipe (9) is communicated with sample closed chamber (3) bottom sides;
Described test specimen suction unit is made up of sample closed chamber (3), water inlet pipe (9), draining valve (10), variable valve (11), L-type water-level gauge (12) and sample support (13); Wherein, sample closed chamber (3) top is provided with a level meter (18), water inlet pipe (9) is provided with in lower end, lower end, closed chamber (3) right side is provided with L-type water-level gauge (12), and L-type water-level gauge (12) other end is arranged upward; Upper end, sample closed chamber (3) right side is provided with variable valve (11); Draining valve (10) is arranged on the bottom of sample closed chamber (3); Sample closed chamber (3) bottom inside is provided with three contour sample support (13);
Described test specimen suction unit also comprises and highly regulates pin (17) and level meter (18);
Described sample closed chamber (3) arranged outside has three contour height adjustment pin (17), and is seated on levels operation platform (19);
The range of described electronic balance (2) is 1000g, and precision is 0.001g;
Described air communicating pipe (5), balance draft tube (6), rising pipe (7), water inlet pipe (9) and L shape water-level gauge (12) material are organic glass;
The top of described L shape water-level gauge (12) is 5mm higher than the vertical distance on the top of sample support (13).
2. use the method for testing of a kind of surface capillary water absorption of concrete Auto-Test System described in claim 1, it is characterized in that described method of testing comprises the steps:
One, the valve (16) on rising pipe (7) is closed, toward constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) dress water to the lower end just not flooding air communicating pipe (5), open the gas valve (15) in gas valve (14) on air communicating pipe (5) and balance draft tube (6) and good seal constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), close the gas valve (14) on air communicating pipe (5) top afterwards, open the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), the water of constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) inside is flowed out by rising pipe (7), water level in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) edges down, internal cavities air pressure slightly falls and the water level balanced in draft tube (6) comparatively fast declines, until its water level decreasing to balance draft tube (6) lower end and gas begin through balance draft tube (6) enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) time, close the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), emptying balance air inlet liquid in pipe completes, constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) internal liquid is in equilibrium state,
Two, with silica gel hose (8), rising pipe (7) is connected with water inlet pipe (9), close draining valve (10), open variable valve (11), the linked hole flooding water inlet pipe (9) and L shape water-level gauge (12) and sample closed chamber (3) is added water in sample closed chamber (3), require the top 3mm of water flooding sample support (13) simultaneously, build the top cover of sample closed chamber (3) and good seal; Adjustment highly regulates pin (17) to make the height change of test specimen air-tight bottle (3) to the needle point level height 10 ~ 15mm making internal liquid level lower than balance draft tube (6), open the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), water in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) starts to supplement in sample closed chamber (3) and the gas that may exist in emptying silica gel hose (8), close variable valve (11), sample closed chamber (3) interior water level remains unchanged, and the water level in L shape water-level gauge (12) continues rise and may overflow; Adjustment highly regulate pin (17) that gas no longer to be entered in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6) and corresponding balance water level in L shape water-level gauge (12) lower than the top 1mm of L shape water-level gauge, control test specimen suction unit level by level meter (18) simultaneously; Test specimen suction unit height and water level adjust complete, and whole system is in water level balance state; If now siphon away micro-moisture from L shape water-level gauge top, gas will enter constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6), and make whole system again be in equilibrium state;
Three, the valve (16) on rising pipe (7) is closed, open variable valve (11), open the upper cover of sample closed chamber (3), reduce the water level of sample closed chamber (3) by draining valve (10) and surfaced in the tip of sample support (13), the concrete sample (4) of all side seals be placed in test specimen support member (13) top and temporarily do not contact with water, covering the upper cover of sample closed chamber (3) and good seal, open the valve (16) on rising pipe (7), water starts to supplement in sample closed chamber (3) in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1), gas to be entered in constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) by balance draft tube (6) and water level in sample closed chamber (3) raises gradually, variable valve (11) is closed when the height that its water level inside floods test specimen (4) is 3mm, sample closed chamber (3) interior water level is constant and L shape water-level gauge (12) interior water level continues to rise to from reaching equilibrium state during the 1mm of top, computing machine is allowed to start to gather the qualitative data of constant pressure water-supply unit by time interval of setting in advance, along with concrete sample (4) water suction, air pressure in sample closed chamber (3) edges down, water continues to supplement in from constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) to sample closed chamber (3), constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) upper gas cavity pressure declines, and outside atmosphere is supplemented by balance draft tube (6) to constant pressure water-supply air-tight bottle (1) inside and reaches new equilibrium state, after balance, liquid level in L shape water-level gauge (12) is constant, the significant depth that corresponding test specimen bottom surface is submerged in water is constant, the quality that test specimen sucks water equals the reduction of constant pressure water-supply element quality and can be measured by electronic balance (2), the Mass lost amount of computer acquisition electronic balance (2) namely equals the recruitment of concrete sample (4) quality, can be calculated the surface capillary water-intake rate of concrete sample by mass change amount.
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| CN104089867B (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2016-04-27 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of Rock And Soil water absorption test device |
| CN104483334B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-11-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method of visual representation cement-based material moisture spatial distribution and content |
| CN105043956A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-11-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Matrix imbibition measuring device |
| CN105651554B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-05-04 | 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 | The collection device and collection method of a kind of concrete hole solution |
| CN105588778B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2018-01-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Concrete water absorption rate experimental provision |
| CN107179260B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2024-03-08 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Groundwater diving evaporation measurement system and method based on Internet of things technology |
| CN107589050A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of monitoring system and method for the Concrete Material of monitoring in real time infiltration water suction coupling coefficient |
| CN108287121B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-02-21 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for measuring moisture characteristic curve of soil in dehumidification and moisture absorption processes |
| CN108548745B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-09-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of spontaneous imbibition test method and its device of rock core |
| CN109226224A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-18 | 宁波大学 | A kind of the Polluted Soil elution prosthetic device and operating method of temperature-controllable |
| CN109813626B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2023-10-20 | 青岛理工大学 | Concrete water absorption testing device parallel to holding action direction |
| CN112964620B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-06-10 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material |
| CN114252366A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-29 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | Testing device and calculating method for artificial stone surface water absorption |
| CN114486678B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2024-05-03 | 东南大学 | Device and method for rapidly detecting microscopic pore characteristics of concrete surface mortar |
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| EP2693186A4 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-11-26 | Nat Univ Corp Yokohama Nat Uni | Water absorption test method and water absorption test device for concrete surface |
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