CN112964620B - Device and method for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material - Google Patents
Device and method for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of a porous material, wherein the device comprises a balance, a water absorption pool and a metering barrel arranged on the balance; the bottom end of the metering barrel is provided with a water outlet hole, the bottom end of the water suction pool is provided with a water inlet hole, the water outlet hole is connected with the water inlet through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a liquid transporter; a sample bin is fixed on the water suction pool through a sealing rubber strip, a porous medium sample is filled in the sample bin, and the periphery of the porous medium sample is wrapped by the sample bin; a liquid level measuring chamber is arranged on the side surface of the water suction pool and is communicated with the water suction pool; the liquid level measuring chamber is connected with a liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller controls the liquid conveyor to convey liquid by measuring the liquid level of the liquid level measuring chamber. The method of the invention realizes continuous, automatic and accurate measurement in the capillary water absorption process, and can obviously eliminate the manual measurement error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of testing of capillary water absorption physical properties of porous materials, in particular to a device and a method for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficients of porous materials.
Background
Porous building materials undergo significant moisture migration in the typical building environment, which has a large impact on the durability and sustainability of the building structure. In typical building environments such as rain attacks, surface water accumulation, etc., the transfer of liquid water cannot be ignored. In the field of porous medium mass transfer, the capillary water absorption coefficient is also called water absorption, is often used for expressing the water absorption capacity of a porous material, is particularly important for analyzing the wet migration process in the material by carrying out quantitative analysis and research on the porous material, and can provide guidance for the design of an indoor hot and wet environment.
For capillary water absorption coefficient, it is usually measured by a standard partial immersion method and calculated from the relationship between the cumulative water absorption of a sample and the square root of time. Although the measurement method is widely applied, in the manual test method, the test piece needs to be frequently measured in and out of water, the dry and wet state of the bottom surface is not easy to master (or the time of a draining process is long) during measurement and wiping, the normal capillary water absorption process of the test piece is seriously broken, the capillary water absorption rule is influenced, the measurement accuracy cannot be improved, and the measurement process is very rough and cannot reach the degree of accurately describing the rule.
In the prior art research, although there is a measuring method for continuously measuring the accumulated water absorption of a sample on line to obtain the capillary water absorption coefficient, the theoretical measuring methods have the following problems:
1. the sample is not fixed, the capability of adjusting the height of the sample and keeping the sample on a certain horizontal line is poor, the fluctuation of the water level line is large, and certain difficulty is caused for realizing the actual measurement.
2. At present, the common online test method mainly directly measures the mass change of materials, and because of factors such as the increase of water absorption mass and the change of liquid level, the balance is in a real-time change state, and accumulated errors are easy to generate, which provides a challenge to online measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of a porous material, wherein a measuring device is separated from a water absorption device, and the measuring precision and efficiency can be effectively improved by measuring the mass of liquid water absorbed by the material, so that high-precision continuous measurement is realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a continuous measuring device for capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material comprises a balance, a water absorption pool and a measuring barrel arranged on the balance; the bottom end of the metering barrel is provided with a water outlet hole, the bottom end of the water absorption pool is provided with a water inlet hole, the water outlet hole is connected with the water inlet hole through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a liquid conveyer for conveying liquid from the metering barrel to the water absorption pool; a sample bin is fixed on the water suction pool through a sealing rubber strip, a porous medium sample is filled in the sample bin, and the periphery of the porous medium sample is wrapped by the sample bin to prevent water from volatilizing or flowing out from the side surface; a liquid level measuring chamber is arranged on the side surface of the water suction pool and is communicated with the water suction pool; the liquid level measuring chamber is connected with a liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller controls the liquid conveyor to convey liquid by measuring the liquid level of the liquid level measuring chamber.
In the above technical solution, further, the bottom of the porous medium sample is immersed in the liquid, and the top thereof is directly contacted with the air.
Further, the number of the liquid level measuring chambers on the side surface of the water absorption pool is 1 or 2, and when 1 liquid level measuring chamber is arranged, the liquid level measuring chambers are arranged at the position 1-2mm above the lower boundary of the porous medium sample; when the number of the sample cells is 2, one of the sample cells is on the same horizontal line with the lower boundary of the porous medium sample, and the other sample cell is arranged 1-3mm above the lower boundary of the porous medium sample. When 1 sensor is arranged, only one signal can be returned, the liquid conveyor can only add water at one speed, and at the moment, the sample still absorbs water, so that the liquid level is easily lower than the lower bottom surface of the sample. And set up two level measurement room and can reduce the time delay when adding water, add water slowly when being less than the high water level, add water fast when being less than the low water level for the water level height is more guaranteed. If the water level is too high, the measurement process violates the one-dimensional process in the testing principle; if the water level is too low, the capillary process is disrupted.
Further, the size of the sink is selected to be as close as possible to the area of the bottom of the sample. Because the liquid level measuring chamber is communicated with the water absorption pool, the liquid level height in the water absorption pool is presented outside and cannot be influenced by the size of the water absorption pool and the immersion of a sample. When the difference between the section size of the water absorption pool and the section size of the sample is less than 1mmX1mm-2mmX2mm, the precision is high (the common areas are 5cmX10cm and 10cmX10cm), so that the control cannot be carried out by using a conventional floating ball valve, and meanwhile, because the gap between the sample and the water absorption pool is only 1-2mm, an insertion type liquid level sensor cannot be used; because the sample is partially immersed in water, the external attached liquid level sensor cannot accurately measure the liquid level due to sample interference. It is necessary to provide a liquid level measuring chamber in which the height of the liquid level is measured.
Further, the porous medium sample is a single layer or a plurality of layers.
Further, the sealing rubber strip is glass cement, hot melt adhesive or paraffin.
Furthermore, the liquid level measuring chamber and the liquid level controller form a controller, and the controller adopts an ultrasonic liquid level sensor and a matched relay controller, an infrared liquid level sensor and a matched relay controller or a resistance liquid level sensor and a matched relay controller.
Further, the liquid conveyer is a peristaltic pump, a water suction pump or an electromagnetic valve.
Further, the liquid in the metering barrel is liquid water or an organic solvent.
The invention also provides a continuous determination method of the capillary water absorption coefficient of the porous material, which is realized based on the device and is used for obtaining the capillary water absorption coefficient of the material by measuring the water absorption capacity of the porous medium sample and recording the time readout change of the balance.
Further, the continuous determination method of the capillary water absorption coefficient of the porous material comprises the following steps: placing a porous medium sample in a sample bin, absorbing liquid by the porous medium sample, lowering the liquid level of a water absorption pool after absorbing the liquid, synchronously changing the water level of a liquid level measuring chamber, detecting the liquid level change by a liquid level controller, and controlling a liquid conveyor to supplement the liquid in a metering barrel into the water absorption pool, so that the liquid level in a liquid level control chamber is kept stable; and (3) measuring the change of the liquid mass in the metering barrel along with time through a balance, and calculating to obtain the capillary water absorption coefficient of the material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has simple structure, realizes continuous, automatic and accurate measurement in the capillary water absorption process by separating the measuring device from the water absorption device, greatly eliminates the manual measurement error, and can effectively avoid the error caused by buoyancy change caused by water level fluctuation and sample quality change in other continuous measuring methods.
2. The invention can better control the liquid level in the water absorption tank by arranging the liquid level measuring chamber, thereby ensuring the stability of the liquid level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an inventive apparatus according to the present invention;
the device comprises a porous medium sample 1, a sample bin 2, a sealing rubber strip 3, a water absorption pool 4, a liquid level measuring chamber 5, a liquid level controller 6, a liquid conveyor 7, a metering bucket 8 and a balance 9.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The porous medium sample 1 is placed in a sample bin 2, the sample bin 2 is fixed on a water absorption pool 4 through a sealing rubber strip 3, the water absorption pool 4 is connected with a liquid level measuring chamber 5, the liquid level in the water absorption pool 4 changes, the water level of the liquid level measuring chamber 5 synchronously changes, a liquid level controller 6 detects the liquid level change and controls a liquid conveyor 7 to supplement the liquid in a metering barrel 8 into the water absorption pool 4, and the liquid level in the liquid level control chamber is kept stable. The mass of the liquid in the metering barrel 8 is measured through the balance 9, and the capillary water absorption coefficient of the material is calculated.
The specific method for measuring the capillary water absorption coefficient of the porous material by adopting the device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
before the test is started, the porous medium sample 1 to be tested is dried, the bottom area of the porous medium sample 1 is measured after the porous medium sample 1 is cooled to room temperature, the porous medium sample 1 is fixed in the sample bin 2 through the sealing rubber strip 3, the periphery of the porous medium sample is wrapped by the sample bin 2, and water is prevented from volatilizing or flowing out from the side face. The liquid level controller 6 controls the opening and closing of the liquid conveyor 7 through the height of the lower bottom surface of the sample.
At the start of the experiment, the balance 9 was turned on and the initial mass recorded. The liquid level controller 5 is started to enter the experimental state. The porous medium sample 1 starts to absorb water, the liquid level of the water absorption pool 4 descends after water absorption, the liquid level of the liquid level measurement chamber 5 descends synchronously, when the liquid level is lower than the lowest liquid level set by the liquid level controller 6, the liquid conveyor 7 starts to convey liquid to enter the water absorption pool 4, the liquid level starts to ascend at the moment, and when the liquid level is higher than the highest liquid level set by the liquid level controller 6, the liquid conveyor 7 closes to stop conveying liquid and enters the next cycle. In this way, the liquid level change is kept to a minimum. The horizontal section size of the water suction pool 4 determines the experimental precision, and the section size of the water suction pool is selected to be as close to the bottom area size of the sample as possible.
When liquid water is visible on the top of the porous medium sample 1 or the mass change per unit area shown by a balance 9 within 8h is less than 1g/m2When the measurement is finished, the counting is stopped.
From the data recorded on the balance 9, points are taken from the moment of mass change, and the cumulative mass increment Δ m and the square root of time t are plotted1/2A graph of the relationship (c). After a period of time, the slope of the curve obviously becomes smaller and tends to be gentle, data before the time are taken, linear fitting is carried out, and the slope is the capillary water absorption coefficient.
Claims (9)
1. A continuous measuring device for capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material is characterized by comprising a balance, a water absorption pool and a measuring bucket arranged on the balance; the bottom end of the metering barrel is provided with a water outlet hole, the bottom end of the water absorption pool is provided with a water inlet hole, the water outlet hole is connected with the water inlet hole through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a liquid conveyer for conveying liquid from the metering barrel to the water absorption pool; a sample bin is fixed on the water absorption pool through a sealing rubber strip, a porous medium sample is fixed in the sample bin, and the periphery of the porous medium sample is wrapped by the sample bin; a liquid level measuring chamber is arranged on the side surface of the water suction pool and is communicated with the water suction pool; the liquid level measuring chamber is connected with a liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller controls the liquid conveyer to convey liquid by measuring the liquid level of the liquid level measuring chamber;
the bottom of the porous medium sample is immersed in the liquid in the water absorption pool, and the top of the porous medium sample is directly contacted with air.
2. The continuous measuring device for capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material according to claim 1, wherein the number of the liquid level measuring chambers on the side of the water absorption pool is 1 or 2; when 1 is set, the sample is set 1-2mm above the lower boundary of the porous medium sample; when 2 are provided, one of them is on the same horizontal line with the lower boundary of the porous medium sample, and the other is provided 1-3mm above the lower boundary of the porous medium sample.
3. The continuous measuring device for capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material according to claim 1, wherein the porous medium sample is a single layer or a plurality of layers.
4. The apparatus for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material according to claim 1, wherein the sealing rubber strip is glass cement, hot melt adhesive or paraffin.
5. The continuous measuring device for the capillary water absorption coefficient of the porous material according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level measuring chamber and the liquid level controller form a controller, and the controller adopts an ultrasonic liquid level sensor and a matched relay controller, an infrared liquid level sensor and a matched relay controller or a resistance liquid level sensor and a matched relay controller.
6. The apparatus for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material according to claim 1, wherein the liquid conveyer is a peristaltic pump, a water pump or a solenoid valve.
7. The apparatus for continuously measuring capillary water absorption coefficient of porous material according to claim 1, wherein the liquid inside the measuring tank is liquid water or organic solvent.
8. A method for continuously measuring the capillary water absorption coefficient of a porous material is characterized in that the method is realized based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and the capillary water absorption coefficient of the material is obtained by measuring the water absorption capacity of a porous medium sample and recording the time index change of a balance.
9. The continuous measuring method of the capillary water absorption coefficient of the porous material according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: placing a porous medium sample in a sample bin, absorbing liquid by the porous medium sample, lowering the liquid level of a water absorption pool after absorbing the liquid, synchronously changing the water level of a liquid level measuring chamber, detecting the liquid level change by a liquid level controller, and controlling a liquid conveyor to supplement the liquid in a metering barrel into the water absorption pool, so that the liquid level in a liquid level control chamber is kept stable; and measuring the change of the liquid mass in the measuring barrel along with time through a balance, and calculating to obtain the capillary water absorption coefficient of the material.
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| CN113533443B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2024-04-26 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七二四研究所 | Capillary core capillary performance detection device and method based on electric signal method |
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| CN103471953A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Automatic test system and test method for testing surface capillary water absorption of concrete |
| CN106226193A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2016-12-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of coal petrography capillary water absorption measuring method |
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| CN110376088A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-25 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of material absorption coerfficient test device and measurement method |
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| JP6601675B2 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2019-11-06 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Metal-clad laminate and resin-coated metal foil |
| JP3208815U (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-02-23 | 増岡窯業原料株式会社 | Capillary water absorption test equipment for water retention block |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103471953A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Automatic test system and test method for testing surface capillary water absorption of concrete |
| CN106226193A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2016-12-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of coal petrography capillary water absorption measuring method |
| CN108169097A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Shale suction capacity evaluation experimental method and device |
| CN108132206A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-08 | 中原工学院 | A kind of regeneration no-fines and porous concrete water absorption rate test device |
| CN108717031A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-10-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of method and apparatus of quantitatively characterizing shale reservoir rock wettability |
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