CN103461099A - Method for creating novel white flesh loquat strain by taking red flesh loquat variety as material - Google Patents
Method for creating novel white flesh loquat strain by taking red flesh loquat variety as material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461099A CN103461099A CN2013103735151A CN201310373515A CN103461099A CN 103461099 A CN103461099 A CN 103461099A CN 2013103735151 A CN2013103735151 A CN 2013103735151A CN 201310373515 A CN201310373515 A CN 201310373515A CN 103461099 A CN103461099 A CN 103461099A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for creating a novel white flesh loquat strain by taking the red flesh loquat variety as a material. The method comprises the following steps: a, before the red flesh loquat variety material blooms, 2-3 flower stigmas are cut; b, when the pedals expend, artificial pollination is performed on the reserved stigmas; c, tiny seeds are taken out of the fruit to mature, inoculated to a culture medium, and cultured into seedlings. The method for creating the novel white flesh loquat strain by taking the red flesh loquat variety as a material, disclosed by the invention, solves the problems of fewer ways of breeding of the white flesh loquat variety, lower efficiency and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of method of red meat Loquat Cultivars as material initiative White Pulp Loquat new lines of take.
Background technology
Loquat is the peculiar subtropical fruit tree that originates in China, and fruit goes on the market on the occasion of fruit at the end of spring and the beginning of summer dull season, and nutritious, local flavor is splendid, is loved by the people.
Loquat Cultivars can be divided into plain boiled pork (white sand) Loquat Cultivars and red meat (red sand) Loquat Cultivars by pulp colour.The pulp milky of White Pulp Loquat kind or faint yellow, fine and tender taste, the juice multi-flavor is sweet, and local flavor is splendid, and its endoplasm is better than the red meat kind, is most appropriate to eat raw.
Although the fruit quality of White Pulp Loquat kind (endoplasm) is better than the red meat kind, but the principal item of whole world loquat cultivation at present is the red meat kind, the plain boiled pork kind mainly in Jiangsu in China's loquat the northern fringe producing region, the ground such as Zhejiang, Shanghai occupies certain proportion, on other market, loquat producing region, difficulty is shown in its trace.Abroad, also there are a small amount of plain boiled pork kind in Spain and Japan, but do not form the commercialization large-scale production.Cause a negligible amounts that major reason is the plain boiled pork kind of this situation, applicable improved seeds can not be found in each producing region from limited plain boiled pork variety source.Therefore, large scale cultivating White Pulp Loquat improved seeds are task of top priority of adjusting China and even global loquat industry breed structure.And want large scale cultivating White Pulp Loquat improved seeds, the breeding method innovation is crucial.
Up to now, the White Pulp Loquat kind is mainly from three approach: the one, directly from plain boiled pork germ plasm resource, by growing directly from seeds, to select, and most of plain boiled pork cultivar origins are in this approach; The 2nd, by take the plain boiled pork kind, by the crossbreeding approach, to cultivate as the parent, minority plain boiled pork cultivar origin is in this approach; The 3rd, from bud mutation, to find, indivedual plain boiled pork cultivar origins are in this approach.On the whole, existing White Pulp Loquat breeding for quality approach is less, and efficiency is lower, therefore, cultivates the White Pulp Loquat kind that can apply in a large number and still shoulder heavy responsibilities on producing, and the method for the efficient initiative of research and development loquat plain boiled pork kind still is significant.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind ofly take the red meat Loquat Cultivars and be the method for material initiative White Pulp Loquat new lines, less to solve in prior art White Pulp Loquat breeding for quality approach, the various defects such as efficiency is lower.
In order to solve above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind ofly take the red meat Loquat Cultivars and be the method for material initiative White Pulp Loquat new lines, it comprises the following steps:
A, before red meat Loquat Cultivars material is bloomed, cut off 2～3 column caps in spending;
B, when petal is open, carry out artificial pollination to the column cap retained;
C, when fruit is about to proceed to maturation, take out seedlet from fruit, be inoculated on medium and cultivate seedling;
Identify the White Pulp Loquat new lines after d, plant blossom result.
Further, in described step a, while cutting off column cap, should make the column cap retained be uniformly distributed.
The cultured in vitro method of seedlet comprises the following steps:
A, seedlet is inoculated on medium, cultivates seedling;
B, hardening, transplanting, careful management obtains to obtain potted plant.
Further, described medium is: contain 6-BA0.5mg/L, the MS medium of NAA0.1mg/L and IBA0.1mg/L.
Further, the described medium of described a step also contains ethylmethane sulfonate 0～200mg/L.
Further, the described medium of described a step also contains 0.1% active carbon.
Further, the condition of culture of a step is 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, under dark condition, cultivates 15 days, then, under the condition of illumination 2000 ± 500lux, 18h/d, cultivates one month.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention take method that the red meat Loquat Cultivars prepares the White Pulp Loquat plant as material with by existing methods such as the seed selections of growing directly from seeds, compare, advantage is: the red meat Loquat Cultivars of take can be formulated out the White Pulp Loquat new lines as material, take the White Pulp Loquat kind as the breeding starting material without being confined to, simple to operate, expense is cheap, do not need special instrument and equipment and reagent, and widely applicable, success rate is high, be applicable to apply.Loquat seedlet of the present invention requires low to condition of culture, easily cultivate seedling, and the growth of seedling is also healthy and strong, and the transplanting survival rate of cultivating the seedlet seedling strain obtained can reach more than 90%.The present invention prepares the method for White Pulp Loquat plant can cultivate the White Pulp Loquat plant from the red meat loquat, and frequency can be up to nearly 9%.The present invention prepares the method for White Pulp Loquat plant, and low to the instrument and equipment requirement, step is easy, and expense is cheap, has good actual application prospect.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below will the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention be clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making under the creative work prerequisite the every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 seedlet
1, choose well-grown loquat plant 20 strains (kind is large five-pointed star), be divided at random 2 groups: 4 strains are that control group, 16 strains are experimental group, 1-2 days before loquat is about to bloom, the inflorescence grown fine from each plant, every inflorescence is chosen 5～6 ball-types flower (flower in this period is not yet open, pollen is not yet ripe, therefore the Pollination Fertilization process does not occur), all the other flowers are all extractd.Push the ball-type flower of selecting and remain aside, with eye scissors, cut off 2～3 in 5 column caps.
2,, when petal is open (removing column cap after 1～2 day), award with enough pollen mixtures (large five-pointed star: No. 1=1:1 of dragon's fountain) to the column cap retained.
3, when fruit development arrives diameter 1.5cm, dredge and remove to grow abnormal fruit, make each fruit ear stay 3～4 fruits, so that fruit can reach full growth.
4, mid-April is to the last ten-days period, when the loquat diameter reaches the 3cm left and right, surperficial fine hair is sloughed off, fruit is about to proceed to maturation but when not yet ripe (pericarp starts flavescence, pulp starts deliquescing), experimental group is divided into to A, B, C, D group again, 100 fruits of each random harvesting on the fruit ear of processing every strain loquat of control group and 4 experimental group, pluck altogether 400 fruits for every group, in flowing water, pericarp is cleaned.Under aseptic condition on superclean bench, by the fruit strip off, with aseptic operation cutter strip off blastular, the taking-up seedlet (seedlet diameter 0.1-0.2cm, and common seed diameter is more than 1cm).
Use formula: seedlet pick-up rate=acquisition microspecies subnumber/(obtaining common species subnumber+acquisition microspecies subnumber) * 100% calculates the seedlet pick-up rate, the results are shown in Table 1.
The preparation result of table 1 loquat seedlet
The preparation of embodiment 2 seedlet plant
Seedlet by preparation in embodiment 1, be inoculated in ethylmethane sulfonate (the ethylmethane sulfonate that adds variable concentrations, EMS) (0-200mg/L), 6-BA0.5mg/L, NAA0.1mg/L, IBA0.1mg/L, active carbon 0.1%, agar 0.6% and the MS medium on, be placed under 25 ± 1 ℃ of dark conditions and cultivate 15 days, then 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, illumination 18h, night, 6h, cultivated seedling (approximately cultivating month) under the 1500lux light intensity.
After growing up to complete seedling strain, carry out hardening, to adapt to external environment.Hardening off method is: blake bottle is moved on to lower 2 days of room temperature (15～25 ℃) condition, allow the seedlet seedling cultivated adapt to gradually ambient light according to and the variation of temperature; Then throw off the aseptic sealed membrane of blake bottle, outside air is entered in blake bottle, make the seedlet seedling obtain the variation to resistance and the adaptation outside air humidity of microorganism under normal natural conditions, after 5 days, the loquat seedling is taken out in blake bottle.Clean the medium on the loquat shoot root, transplant in the basin of the perlite of sterilizing and peat 1:1 mixed-matrix, be placed under the enclosed environment condition and cultivate, incubation maintenance natural lighting, 100% relative moisture, 25 ± 1 ℃.Every two weeks with MS nutrient solution (being the MS medium) fertilising once.Remove gradually SLD after 1 month, reduce gradually the relative moisture of loquat seedling growing environment to natural level, finally remove SLD.When seedling starts to grow young leaves, move in common Nutrition Soil, the nursery stock management gets final product routinely.
The evaluation of embodiment 3 White Pulp Loquat plant
Seedlet nutritious bag seedling is cultivated after 1 year and is transplanted to orchard, adopts the conventional cultivation technology to manage.Plant to be planted yield positive results after (about 5-6), identify and statistics White Pulp Loquat plant according to pulp colour, use formula: White Pulp Loquat plant pick-up rate=acquisition White Pulp Loquat plant number/acquisition plant sum * 100% calculates White Pulp Loquat plant pick-up rate (the results are shown in Table 2).
The preparation result of table 2 White Pulp Loquat plant
In above embodiment, MS medium (Murashige and Skoog medium) formula:
Macroelement: CALCIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE (CaCl2) 440.0mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) 170.0mg/L, potassium nitrate (KNO3) 1900.0mg/L, bitter salt (MgSO4.7H2O) 370.0mg/L, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) 1650.0mg/L; Trace element: Salzburg vitriol (CuSO4.5H2O) 0.025mg/L, molysite (FeNaEDTA) 36.7mg/L, boric acid (H3BO3) 6.2mg/L, Manganous sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4.H2O) 16.9mg/L, Zinc vitriol (ZnSO4.7H2O) 8.6mg/L, four molybdic acid hydrate sodium (Na2Mo4.4H2O) 0.25mg/L, potassium iodide (KI) 0.83mg/L.Organic matter: glycine (Glycine) 2.0mg/L, inositol (Myo-inositol) 100mg/L, nicotinic acid (Nicotinic acid) 0.5mg/L, VB60.5mg/L, VB10.1mg/L.
In addition, the full name of above abbreviation formula is respectively, EMS: ethylmethane sulfonate (ethylmethane sulfonate), IBA: indolebutyric acid (indolebutyric acid), NAA: methyl α-naphthyl acetate (α-naphthaleneacetic acid), 6-BA:6-benzyl purine (6-benzyladenine).
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiment only illustrates technical scheme of the present invention, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can put down in writing aforementioned each embodiment is modified, and these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (7)
1. take the red meat Loquat Cultivars and be the method for material initiative White Pulp Loquat new lines for one kind, it comprises the following steps:
A, before red meat Loquat Cultivars material is bloomed, cut off 2～3 column caps in spending;
B, when petal is open, carry out artificial pollination to the column cap retained;
C, when fruit is about to proceed to maturation, take out seedlet from fruit, be inoculated on medium and cultivate seedling;
Identify the White Pulp Loquat new lines after d, plant blossom result.
2. according to claim 1ly take the red meat Loquat Cultivars and be to it is characterized in that the method for material initiative White Pulp Loquat new lines:
In described step a, while cutting off column cap, should make the column cap retained be uniformly distributed.
3. the cultured in vitro method of seedlet according to claim 1 and 2 comprises the following steps:
A, seedlet is inoculated on medium, cultivates seedling;
B, hardening, transplanting, careful management obtains potted plant.
4. the cultured in vitro method of seedlet according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described medium is: contain 6-BA0.5mg/L, the MS medium of NAA0.1mg/L and IBA0.1mg/L.
5. the cultured in vitro method of seedlet according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described medium of a step also contains ethylmethane sulfonate 0～200mg/L.
6. the cultured in vitro method of seedlet according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described medium of a step also contains 0.1% active carbon.
7. according to the cultured in vitro method of the described seedlet of claim 3～6 any one, it is characterized in that: the condition of culture of a step is 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, cultivate 15 days under dark condition, then, under the condition of illumination 2000 ± 500lux, 18h/d, cultivate one month.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105532406A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-05-04 | 四川农业大学 | White-pulp loquat new strain preparing method based on red-pulp loquat variety |
| CN106508671A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 四川农业大学 | Method for breeding earlier germinated eriobotrya japonica seeds |
| CN107079772A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-22 | 苏州胥山农产品有限公司 | A kind of Loquat Cultivars breeding method for improving fruit quality |
| CN107197771A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-26 | 苏州胥山农产品有限公司 | A kind of breeding method for improving loquat quality |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105532406A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-05-04 | 四川农业大学 | White-pulp loquat new strain preparing method based on red-pulp loquat variety |
| CN106508671A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-22 | 四川农业大学 | Method for breeding earlier germinated eriobotrya japonica seeds |
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| CN107079772A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-22 | 苏州胥山农产品有限公司 | A kind of Loquat Cultivars breeding method for improving fruit quality |
| CN107197771A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-26 | 苏州胥山农产品有限公司 | A kind of breeding method for improving loquat quality |
| CN107197771B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-03-29 | 苏州胥山农产品有限公司 | A kind of breeding method improving loquat quality |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: WANG YONGQING DENG QUNXIAN LI JING ZHANG JIWEI ZHANG HUI LIU HONG FAN HONGPENG XING YULIANG TO: WANG YONGQING DENG QUNXIAN LI JING KANG WEI XU YUANJUN ZHANG JIAZHI LUO YING ZHANG JIWEI ZHANG HUI LIU HONG FAN HONGPENG XING YULIANG |
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Effective date of registration: 20141016 Address after: Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, 625014 new Yucheng Kang Road No. 46 Applicant after: Sichuan Agricultural University Applicant after: Shimian County Agricultural Bureau Applicant after: Yibin Lan Yu Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. Address before: Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, 625014 new Yucheng Kang Road No. 46 Applicant before: Sichuan Agricultural University |
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