CN103460997B - A kind of Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter - Google Patents
A kind of Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103460997B CN103460997B CN201310413748.XA CN201310413748A CN103460997B CN 103460997 B CN103460997 B CN 103460997B CN 201310413748 A CN201310413748 A CN 201310413748A CN 103460997 B CN103460997 B CN 103460997B
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- 235000006521 Pleurotus eryngii var ferulae Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 244000088486 Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001609931 bacterium 20 Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002620 method output Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000007162 Ferula assa foetida Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000228957 Ferula foetida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012850 Ferula foetida Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000222336 Ganoderma Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000015817 Infant Nutrition disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000222350 Pleurotus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019507 asafoetida Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000000053 intestinal parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NICDRCVJGXLKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;trihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O NICDRCVJGXLKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter, comprise the following steps: (1), construction Edible Fungi booth; (2), Nutrition Soil is prepared; (3), the choosing and process of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag; (4), earthing, Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag covers Nutrition Soil; (5), booth management, booth is carried out to the adjustment of ventilation, temperature, light and humidity; Wherein, in Nutrition Soil described in step (2), each constituent mass percentage composition is as follows: sandy loam 70%, the aqueous solution 30%; Wherein, in the described aqueous solution, each constituent mass percentage composition is: quicklime 2%; Edible brown sugar 0.5%; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%; Water 97.3%; VitaminB10 sheet.Apply Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter of the present invention, well can cultivate Pleurotus ferulae, and output is high in the winter of cold, the conventional mushroom springing method output of unit canopy is at about 2 tons, and by method of the present invention, unit canopy output can reach 8 tons.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter.
Background technology
Pleurotus ferulae has another name called Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi, asafoetida mushroom, and belonging to Basidiomycotina Hymenomycetes Agaricales Pleurotaceae Pleurotus, is gill fungus bacterium representative on aridity grass land.Because its fruit body is tender and crisp good to eat, aromatic flavour, has the laudatory title of grassland bolete; Again because it has the drug effects such as long-pending, desinsection, treatment meat are long-pending, lump in the abdomen, chronic malaria, infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinalparasites labor that disappear, local masses' reputation be the refreshing mushroom in Tianshan Mountains and the white glossy ganoderma in Western Paradise.Afterwards owing to excessively plucking and livestock trample, natural resources suffered heavy damage, and wild Pleurotus ferulae reduces year by year.Wild Pleurotus ferulae is mainly distributed in the Yi Li of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, china Desert Regions, Tacheng and Altay Prefecture, and wherein the Pleurotus ferulae popularity of Qinghe County, Altay Prefecture is the highest.Because of wild Pleurotus ferulae only originate in particular season, output is few, harvesting is difficult, Pleurotus ferulae is on the market based on artificial culture now.
When applying greenhouse cultivation Pleurotus ferulae in existing routine techniques, be the ground be directly positioned over by Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag in booth, allow it grow, output is very low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of artificial culture Pleurotus ferulae, be specially the Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter providing a kind of output high.
The invention provides a kind of Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter, comprise the following steps:
(1), Edible Fungi booth is built;
(2), Nutrition Soil is prepared;
(3), the choosing and process of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag;
(4), earthing, Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag covers Nutrition Soil;
(5), booth management, booth is carried out to the adjustment of ventilation, temperature, light and humidity;
Wherein, in Nutrition Soil described in step (2), each constituent mass percentage composition is as follows: sandy loam 70%, the aqueous solution 30%; Wherein, in the described aqueous solution, each constituent mass percentage composition is: quicklime 2%; Edible brown sugar 0.5%; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%; Water 97.3%; Cobastab 10.
Present invention uses Nutrition Soil for Pleurotus ferulae provides nutrient needed for growth, and improve the output of Pleurotus ferulae, the output of each Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag is 400-600g, and the output being directly positioned over each Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag in booth is only 200-300g.
Preferably, earthing described in step (4) is that Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag is become bacterium wall with Nutrition Soil according to the mode code of one deck Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag one deck Nutrition Soil.
The applicant finds, Pleurotus ferulae only needs certain thickness soil when growing.Therefore, the applicant further optimizes the method for cultivation: become bacterium wall by Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag with Nutrition Soil code, when booth area is fixing, has increased substantially the density of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag, thus has increased substantially the output of Pleurotus ferulae.
More preferably, the floor height of described bacterium wall is 8 layers of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag.
Further, on described bacterium wall, mulch film or plastics are covered with.
Preferably, the method for described booth management is:
(1) after earthing, ceiling builds straw screen or mat, every day, booth ventilated twice, be no less than 30 minutes at every turn, control greenhouse temperature 8-12 DEG C, faint light scattered light 200lx-500lx, humid control is at 65%-75%, send out bacterium 20 days, treat that Pleurotus ferulae mycelia crawls into Nutrition Soil 2 centimetres and can carry out management of producing mushroom;
(2) management of producing mushroom: regulate the booth temperature difference, daytime temperature controls at 18 DEG C, and night 6 DEG C, humidity remains on 85%, strengthen light to 1000lx-1500lx, duty is ventilated, and improves oxygen content, and every day, each ventilation once, at every turn must not lower than 40 minutes sooner or later; When small mushroom bud rises to thumb size, remove the more weak mushroom flower bud of figure with pocket knife, leave large, medium and small each healthy and strong mushroom flower bud, when Pleurotus ferulae grows to maturation, gradation is selected;
(3) when the Pleurotus ferulae of all maturations of booth is selected complete, cleaning bacterium bag two ends residue mushroom root, reduces booth humidity to 60%, reduces and ventilate, once a day, each half an hour, straw screen or mat is built, keep dark, temperature controls at 6 DEG C, carries out the 2nd management of producing mushroom after one month.
Apply Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter of the present invention, well Pleurotus ferulae can be cultivated in the winter of cold, and output is high, unit canopy (usable floor area 400 square metres) conventional mushroom springing method can only put 10,000 Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bags, output is at about 2 tons, by Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter, unit canopy can discharge 20,000 Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bags, and output can reach 8 tons.By Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter of the present invention, Pleurotus ferulae mycelia absorbs the mineral matter in Nutrition Soil, promotes the interior quality of Pleurotus ferulae further, becomes rare health food worthy of the name.By soil covering culture, improve the utilization rate of unit are, increase unit are Pleurotus ferulae output.
Embodiment
Following embodiment is convenient to understand the present invention better, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.If no special instructions, " % " representation quality percentage.
Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter concrete steps of the present invention are as follows: the requirement to booth in Pleurotus ferulae wall-in winter soil covering culture: in Edible Fungi booth, booth sits in the north facing the south, behind north, wall is thickness 120 centimetres, highly for 180-220 centimetre building cob wall or brickly to form, end face is steel frame construction, needs to cover horticultural covering film, straw screen or mat or cotton curtain so that Winter protection.Just Pleurotus ferulae wall-soil covering culture can be carried out when temperature is down to 6-15 DEG C when annual autumn.
1, the choosing and process of cover soil material: first select to fetch earth, requires to cut out sandy loam soil layer top layer, gets the soil on less than 20 centimetres, below top layer.Prepare Nutrition Soil, for Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag earthing.Applied nutrition earth culture educates Pleurotus ferulae, can improve Pleurotus ferulae output, and each bacterium bag output reaches 400-600g; And directly apply sandy loam cultivation Pleurotus ferulae, each bacterium bag output is 200-300g.
In Nutrition Soil, the mass percentage of each component is as follows: sandy loam: 70%; The aqueous solution 30%.Sandy loam and aqueous solution is even, obtained Nutrition Soil.
Each component proportion in the aqueous solution: quicklime 2 kilograms, edible 0.5 kilogram, brown sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 kilogram, 97.3 kilograms, clear water, Cobastab 10, its weight can be ignored.
2, the choosing and process of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag: Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag is generally about 20-23 centimetre, require to choose Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag cell age at about 4 months, mycelia is pure white dense strong, not have the bacterium bag of pollution.By the plastics girdling of bacterium bag by middle 4 centimetres, remove plastics, then sterilize in gram mould chloroazotic acid bacterium bag being soaked in 0.2%, within 10 minutes, pull that to dry surface water for subsequent use out.
3, earthing: according to the width of Pleurotus ferulae cultivation booth, determine bacterium wall length, bacterium wall is south-north direction, and general cut to lengthen is about 5-5.5 rice, and between bacterium wall, width is at 80 centimetres-100 centimetres.Long 5.5 meters of making ridge, wide 20 centimetres, high 5 centimetres on the ground, pounds into below ground 20 centimetres so that fixing bacterium wall at ridge two ends with the waddy of 80 centimeter length or reinforcing bar.Nutrition Soil is laid on ridge, the bacterium bag handled well one deck Nutrition Soil one deck bacterium bag code as the masonry walls of base is become bacterium wall, every layer of Nutrition Soil 2 centimetres, when code is to 5 floor height, extract two thin wires to be tightly connected on the fixed leg at bacterium wall two ends, be pressed in above bacterium wall, prevent bacterium wall from collapsing.Continuation code bacterium bag, best when floor height is 8 layers of Pleurotus ferulae, this height can prevent bacterium wall from collapsing, and is better beneficial to ventilation.Bacterium bag code is complete is covered with 4 centimetres of Nutrition Soils above again, is covered with 20 centimetres of broadly film or plastics moisturizings.
4, manage: after bacterium wall earthing, ceiling builds straw screen or mat, every day, booth ventilated twice, was no less than 30 minutes at every turn, controlled greenhouse temperature 8-12 DEG C, faint light scattered light 200lx-500lx, humid control, at 65%-75%, is regulated by these four kinds of physics, impels Pleurotus ferulae mycelia slowly to grow in Nutrition Soil, send out bacterium 20 days, treat that Pleurotus ferulae mycelia crawls into Nutrition Soil 2 cm and can carry out management of producing mushroom.Now regulate the booth temperature temperature difference by lifting ceiling straw screen or mat every day, daytime temperature controls at 18 DEG C, night 6 DEG C, humidity remains on 85%, strengthens light to 1000lx-1500lx, diligent ventilation, improve oxygen content, every day, each ventilation once, at every turn must not lower than 40 minutes sooner or later.Stimulated by the temperature difference, light, impel mycelia to twist together, because Pleurotus ferulae is aerobic mushroom, stronger ventilation, avoids misshapen mushroom.By the physical stimulation of about a week, the mycelia at bacterium bag two ends started kink, forms small mushroom bud, when small mushroom bud rises to thumb size, remove the more weak mushroom flower bud of figure with pocket knife, leave large, medium and small each healthy and strong mushroom flower bud, when Pleurotus ferulae grows to maturation, gradation is selected.When the Pleurotus ferulae of all maturations of booth is selected complete, cleaning bacterium bag two ends residue mushroom root, reduces booth humidity to 60%, reduces and ventilate, once a day, each half an hour, build straw screen or mat, and keep dark, temperature controls at 6 DEG C, carries out the 2nd management of producing mushroom after one month.Doubled than conventional fruiting output by Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Pleurotus ferulae soil covering culture method in winter, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1), Edible Fungi booth is built;
(2), Nutrition Soil is prepared;
(3), the choosing and process of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag;
(4), earthing, Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag covers Nutrition Soil;
(5), booth management, booth is carried out to the adjustment of ventilation, temperature, light and humidity;
Wherein, in Nutrition Soil described in step (2), each constituent mass percentage composition is as follows: sandy loam 70%, the aqueous solution 30%; Wherein, in the described aqueous solution, each constituent mass percentage composition is: quicklime 2%; Edible brown sugar 0.5%; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%; Water 97.3%; Cobastab 10.
2. according to the cultivation method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: earthing described in step (4) is that Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag is become bacterium wall with Nutrition Soil according to the mode code of one deck Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag one deck Nutrition Soil.
3. cultivation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the floor height of described bacterium wall is 8 layers of Pleurotus ferulae bacterium bag.
4. the cultivation method according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: on described bacterium wall, be covered with mulch film or plastics.
5. according to the cultivation method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for described booth management is:
(1) after earthing, ceiling builds straw screen or mat, every day, booth ventilated twice, be no less than 30 minutes at every turn, control greenhouse temperature 8-12 DEG C, faint light scattered light 200lx-500lx, humid control is at 65%-75%, send out bacterium 20 days, treat that Pleurotus ferulae mycelia crawls into Nutrition Soil 2 centimetres and can carry out management of producing mushroom;
(2) management of producing mushroom: regulate the booth temperature difference, daytime temperature controls at 18 DEG C, and night 6 DEG C, humidity remains on 85%, strengthen light to 1000lx-1500lx, duty is ventilated, and improves oxygen content, and every day, each ventilation once, at every turn must not lower than 40 minutes sooner or later; When small mushroom bud grows to thumb size, remove the more weak mushroom flower bud of figure with pocket knife, leave large, medium and small each healthy and strong mushroom flower bud, when Pleurotus ferulae grows to maturation, gradation is plucked;
(3) when the Pleurotus ferulae of all maturations of booth is plucked complete, cleaning bacterium bag two ends residue mushroom root, reduces booth humidity to 60%, reduces and ventilate, once a day, each half an hour, straw screen or mat is built, keep dark, temperature controls at 6 DEG C, carries out the 2nd management of producing mushroom after one month.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101647370A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-17 | 陈恒雷 | Standardized high-yield culture technique based on biological characteristics of asafetida mushroom |
| CN102020495A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-04-20 | 黄刚 | Formula nutrient of pleurotus |
| CN102379208A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-03-21 | 新疆砚山菌业有限公司 | Pleurotus ferulae cultivation technology |
| CN102910944A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-02-06 | 张玉国 | Preparation method for Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi cultivated species |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007037455A (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-15 | Asahimatsu Shokuhin Kk | Strain having ability to form white pleurotus eryngii and white pleurotus eryngii obtained by culturing the strain |
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2013
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101647370A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-17 | 陈恒雷 | Standardized high-yield culture technique based on biological characteristics of asafetida mushroom |
| CN102020495A (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-04-20 | 黄刚 | Formula nutrient of pleurotus |
| CN102379208A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-03-21 | 新疆砚山菌业有限公司 | Pleurotus ferulae cultivation technology |
| CN102910944A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-02-06 | 张玉国 | Preparation method for Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi cultivated species |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 大棚白灵菇代料栽培新技术;阮晓东等;《食药用菌》;20111231;第19卷(第06期);第61-63页 * |
| 袋栽白灵菇新法;孙宏伟;《山西农业》;20031001(第10期);第52-53页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20171218 Address after: The 836200 the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Aletai area Qinggil County town of Qinggil Cultural Road Park studio fourth, re employment of Pleurotus Patentee after: Qinggil county rich people edible fungus professional cooperative Address before: Qinggil county the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 836200 Aletai Area Green Town Democratic South auspicious District 2 Building 5 unit 201 room Patentee before: Li Jin |
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Granted publication date: 20150805 Termination date: 20200912 |