CN103459863B

CN103459863B - The manufacture method of bent axle, bent axle and the manufacturing installation of bent axle

Info

Publication number: CN103459863B
Application number: CN201180070042.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 前田治
Original assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Current assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date: 2011-04-12
Filing date: 2011-04-12
Publication date: 2016-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-12
Also published as: JPWO2012140737A1; CN103459863A; WO2012140737A1; JP5582325B2

Abstract

The invention provides and can come easily with simple structure and the bent axle of the structure firmly manufactured.Bent axle (100) is by forming collar (J), crank arm (W) continuously and comprising the blank (1) in pin portion (P) of counterweight setting unit (S) and weight member (cw) is formed.Weight member (cw) is formed with annulus (50) at its base end part.Blank (1) is run through and inserts described annulus (50), annulus (50) is configured at counterweight setting unit (S), eccentric upsetting is carried out to blank (1) or (10), thus form collar (J), crank arm (W) and pin portion (P).By the counterweight setting unit (S) between pin portion (P, P) and annulus (50) are fixedly formed counterweight (CW).

Description

The manufacture method of bent axle, bent axle and the manufacturing installation of bent axle

Technical field

The present invention relates to bent axle, the manufacture method of bent axle and the manufacturing installation of bent axle, be related specifically to following bent axle, the method for the manufacture of this bent axle and the device for the manufacture of this bent axle, described bent axle has: collar, and described collar becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion, described multiple pin portion is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to described collar; Crank arm, described crank arm radially extends between described collar and each pin portion; And counterweight, described counterweight to be configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are and to extend in the opposite direction relative to the side of described collar bias to described pin portion.

Background technique

As the existing technology relevant to bent axle, known patent document 1.And, as other the existing technology relevant to bent axle, known patent document 2.

Patent documentation 1 relates to by weight member is combined with shaft blank part plasticity the technology forming assembly type bent axle.

And, Patent Document 1 discloses the manufacture method that a kind of shaft blank part manufactures the bent axle of bent axle, it has the features such as following: the radial direction of described shaft blank part is being applied to the moveable die of the floating clamp of distortion or the axial imposed load to described shaft blank part, with the fixed mould keeping described shaft blank part, be configured as the weight member of the counterweight of described bent axle, and described shaft blank part is fixed on described moveable die and described fixed mould, while utilize described floating clamp to apply the load of radial direction to the predetermined position of described shaft blank part, while make described moveable die close to described fixed mould, thus axial compressive load is applied to described shaft blank part and upsetting is carried out to described shaft blank part, make described predetermined position to specific direction buckling, and described weight member is combined with described shaft blank part plasticity, and described weight member possesses for the through through hole of described shaft blank part, odontoid is provided with in the inner circumferential of described through hole.

And, in patent documentation 1, disclose the manufacturing installation that a kind of shaft blank part manufactures the bent axle of bent axle, it has the features such as following: possess and keep the moveable die of described shaft blank part and fixed mould, floating clamp and make described moveable die close to the presser unit of described fixed mould under the state keeping described shaft blank part, the weight member be combined with described shaft blank part plasticity is remained on described moveable die or described floating member and described fixed mould to form bent axle.

Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a kind of assembly type bent axle, possess the features such as following.Possessing: shaft blank part, under the state that it is held in moveable die and fixed mould, making described moveable die to described fixed mould close to utilizing floating clamp to the load of privileged site applying radial direction by upsetting; And weight member, it is combined with the arbor portion plasticity of both sides of the described privileged site being formed at described shaft blank part.

Further, the bent axle forming arbor portion 22c and axle portion (being equivalent to an example of the collar in the present application, therefore hereinafter referred to as collar) 22a at the two ends of single pin portion 22b has continuously been shown in Fig. 2, Figure 12 of patent documentation 1.And, in the mode of execution of patent documentation 1, describe the contents such as following: " upsetting processing is carried out to shaft blank part 21; and the arbor portion 21c(being formed at shaft blank part 21 is equivalent to an example of the crank arm of the present application, therefore hereinafter referred to as crank arm) be combined with the through hole 22a plasticity of weight member 22.”（0035）。

In above-mentioned patent documentation 1, by carrying out upsetting processing to shaft blank part 21, thus the crank arm 21c that is shaped between the two ends of pin portion 21b and the end of each collar 21a, when the upsetting of this crank arm 21c is shaped, the arbor portion 21c plasticity running through the through hole 22a inserting weight member 22 is combined.Namely, in patent documentation 1, have nothing to do relative to the eccentric phase of collar 21a with each pin portion 21b, the two ends of each pin portion 21b needed for the cylinder number by motor are formed separately crank arm 21c, and form collar 21a respectively between the two ends of bent axle and each crank arm 21c.Further, weight member 22 is made to be combined with each crank arm 21c plasticity respectively.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses the crankshaft with the feature such as following, be adjacent at least two group crankshaft crank portions that arrange, described crankshaft crank portion utilizes crankweb to support the two ends of crank pin respectively, each crank pin in described two groups of adjacent crankshaft crank portions is made to be in same phase, between each crankweb of relative side, crank journal be not set and utilize joint to connect, and away from the crankweb of side crank journal is set respectively, the rib connected by each crankweb of the relative side in described two groups of adjacent crankshaft crank portions is set.

Further, in the mode of execution of patent documentation 2, the contents such as following are described: " described crankshaft 2 is disposed adjacent at least two groups and utilizes crankweb 8,8 to support the crankshaft crank portion 4 at the two ends of crank pin 6 respectively.In the drawings, two groups of crankshaft crank portions 4 are disposed adjacent.Described crank pin 6 axle supports the large end of not shown connecting rod." (0016), " in described two groups of adjacent crankshaft crank portions 4, make each crank pin 6 be positioned at same phase, between each crankweb 8 of relative side, crank journal be not set and connect with joint 10." (0017), " in described two groups of adjacent crankshaft crank portions 4, make the pin center B of each crankpin 6 be the phase place of equal angular (0 ° or 360 °) relative to the journal axis A angulation of each crank journal 12.Thus, each crank pin 6 is arranged to be positioned at same phase by two groups of adjacent crankshaft crank portions 4." (0018); " like this, described crankshaft 2 is: make each crank pin 6 in the adjacent crankshaft crank portion 4 of two groups be positioned at same phase, between each crankweb 8 of relative side, crank journal be not set and utilize joint 10 to connect, and away from the crankweb 8 of side crank journal 12 is set respectively, this crankshaft 2 is provided with the rib 20 coupled together by each crankweb 8 of the relative side in two adjacent groups crankshaft crank portion 4.”（0020）。And, in FIG, be provided with counterweight (be equivalent to an example of counterweight of the present invention, hereinafter therefore be referred to as counterweight) at the joint 10 of crankweb 8.And, also describe at patent documentation 2: " and, crankshaft 2 be only the relative side in crankshaft crank portion 4 in two adjacent groups each crankweb 8 between be provided with rib 20, therefore, it is possible to easily manufactured by one forging; can implement to manufacture with low cost, be favourable in practical.”（0025）。

Namely, in described patent documentation 2, between crank pin 6 and crank pin 6, be provided with joint 10 integratedly with crankweb 8, be separately installed with counterweight 16 with the crank journal 12 continuous print crankweb 8,8 at two ends and the position corresponding with crankweb 8 of described joint 10 that are positioned at bent axle respectively.In addition, how joint 10 is installed on for counterweight 16, does not record in patent documentation 1.

At first technical paper

Patent documentation

Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-65754 publication

Patent documentation 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 8-105431 publication

Summary of the invention

The problem that invention will solve

The overall lightweight of bent axle General Requirements.In above-mentioned patent documentation 1, crank arm 21c is formed respectively at the two ends of each pin portion 21b, collar 21a is formed respectively between the two ends of bent axle and each crank arm 21c, and, weight member 22 is combined with each crank arm 21c plasticity respectively, and therefore bent axle also exists further light-weighted leeway.Further, weight member 22 is combined with each crank arm 21c plasticity respectively, thus there is the leeway of cutting down operation quantity and cost.

And, in above-mentioned patent documentation 2, for the connecting plate 10 be wholely set with crankweb 8 between crank pin 6 and crank pin 6, counterweight 16 is arranged on the position corresponding with crankweb 8 respectively, is therefore difficult to make bent axle lightweight.Further, in above-mentioned patent documentation 2, need the operation being used for installing counterweight 16 respectively in the position corresponding with crankweb 8 of joint 10, also there is the problems such as labor intensive, time and cost.And, in above-mentioned patent documentation 2, due to by one forging and molding, therefore in this forging process, at the part place being shaped the joint 10 for arranging counterweight 16, the capacity distribution of blank is more difficult, and therefore unwanted forging burr increases, consequently, also there is the problem that forged material utilization ratio is deteriorated.

The present invention completes in view of the above-mentioned problems, its object is to provide a kind of can with simple structure easily and the bent axle of the structure firmly manufactured.And the present invention completes in view of the above-mentioned problems, its object is to provide a kind of method and the device thereof that easily can manufacture firm bent axle with simple structure.

For solving the scheme of problem

The feature of bent axle of the present invention is, described bent axle has: have: collar, and it becomes rotary middle spindle, multiple pin portion, it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to this collar, crank arm, it extends between described collar and each pin portion, and counterweight, it is configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are, and the central shaft elongation line crossing described collar with described crank arm abreast extends, described bent axle is by forming described collar continuously, the blank in crank arm and pin portion and the weight member of the described counterweight of formation are formed, described weight member has annulus at its base end part, described blank has counterweight setting unit between the part becoming described pin portion adjacent one another are, be configured at the annulus of described weight member by the counterweight setting unit of described blank being run through insertion and fix thus form described counterweight, to be shaped described collar by carrying out eccentric upsetting to described blank, crank arm and pin portion.

The manufacture method of bent axle of the present invention, for the manufacture of bent axle, described bent axle has: collar, and it becomes rotary middle spindle, multiple pin portion, it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to this collar, crank arm, it extends between described collar and each pin portion, and counterweight, it is configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are, and the central shaft elongation line crossing described collar with described crank arm abreast extends, the feature of described manufacture method is, prepare to form described collar continuously, the blank in crank arm and pin portion, and form the weight member of described counterweight, annulus is formed at the base end part of described weight member, and between the part becoming pin portion adjacent one another are of described blank, set counterweight setting unit, the part becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank is run through the annulus inserting and be configured at described weight member, the annulus of described weight member is fixed on the part becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank or described counterweight setting unit, and described blank is pressurizeed vertically and carries out eccentric upsetting shaping thus the described collar that is shaped, crank arm and pin portion.

The manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention, for the manufacture of bent axle, described bent axle has: collar, and it becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion, it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to this collar; Crank arm, it extends between described collar and each pin portion; And counterweight, it is configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are, and the central shaft elongation line crossing described collar with described crank arm abreast extends, described bent axle is formed by forming described collar, the blank in crank arm and pin portion and the weight member that forms described counterweight continuously, the feature of described manufacturing installation is, possess: keep mould, its part keeping the part becoming described collar of described blank respectively and become described pin portion; And axial pressure unit, it pressurizes vertically to described blank and carries out eccentric upsetting, and the part becoming crank arm is flattened between described maintenance mould and is configured as predetermined thickness, the maintenance mould becoming the part in described pin portion is kept to be configured to following shape: the part becoming counterweight setting unit between described pin portion adjacent one another are can keep the part becoming described pin portion under running through the state inserted and be configured at the annulus formed at the base end part of weight member.

Invention effect

According to the invention that the bent axle of the application relates to, blank and weight member is utilized to form, the annulus of the base end part of weight member is run through insertion by the counterweight setting unit between the part becoming pin portion adjacent one another are of blank, weight member configures in mode that is parallel with crank arm and that extend with crossing the central shaft elongation line of collar, under the state that annulus is fixed on counterweight setting unit, eccentric upsetting is carried out to blank, or while eccentric upsetting is carried out to blank, annulus is fixed on counterweight setting unit, by so simple structure, following bent axle can be provided: owing to counterweight being firmly only located between the pin portion identical relative to collar phase place, therefore be the structure easily manufactured, and achieve lightweight.

According to the invention that the manufacture method of the bent axle of the application relates to, prepare between the part becoming pin portion adjacent one another are, be set with the blank of counterweight setting unit and be formed with the weight member of annulus, annulus is run through and inserts counterweight setting unit, weight member is configured in mode that is parallel with crank arm and that extend with crossing the central shaft elongation line of collar, after annulus is fixed on counterweight setting unit, eccentric upsetting is carried out to blank, or while eccentric upsetting is carried out to blank, annulus is fixed on counterweight setting unit, by so simple structure, following method can be provided: easily can manufacture and counterweight be firmly only located between the pin portion identical relative to collar phase place and the bent axle of lightweight.

According to the invention that the manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention relates to, the maintenance mould in pin portion of blank is kept to be formed as following shape: under the annulus formed by the base end part at weight member is run through by the part of the counterweight setting unit become between adjacent pin portion of described blank the state inserted and configure, the part in pin portion is become described in can keeping, by so simple structure, insertion is run through by the part becoming counterweight setting unit of blank at the annulus of weight member, and under the state that weight member is configured in the mode that the central shaft elongation line crossing collar abreast with crank arm extends, keep respectively becoming the part in pin portion and becoming the part of collar with maintenance mould, utilize axial pressure unit to blank to axial pressure to carry out eccentric upsetting, and make the part becoming crank arm flatten between described maintenance mould and be configured as predetermined thickness, following apparatus method can be provided like this: can easily manufacture by counterweight easily and to be firmly only located between the pin portion identical relative to the phase place of collar and the bent axle of lightweight.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the stereogram illustrated for the manufacture of the blank of bent axle of the present invention and a mode of execution of weight member.

Fig. 2 illustrates to make the annulus of the weight member shown in Fig. 1 be run through the stereogram of the state of insertion by the counterweight setting unit of blank.

Fig. 3 illustrates the counterweight setting unit from the state of Fig. 2, the annulus of weight member being fixed on blank, and the plan view of a mode of execution of bent axle upsetting being carried out to blank and is shaped.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 be illustrate be provided with the blank shown in Fig. 2 and weight member state under, the sectional view of a mode of execution of preliminary forming device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view that the preliminary forming device completing the state of the preliminary forming of blank from the state of Fig. 5 is shown.

Fig. 7 be illustrate in an embodiment of the invention for manufacturing installation that blank upsetting is shaped, be configured as the pin portion being separated in half shape and keep a side of mould and housing and collar to keep the exploded perspective view of the section of mould.

Fig. 8 be illustrate in the manufacturing installation shown in Fig. 7, be provided with the blank being inserted into weight member state under, keep mould and housing to open by being configured as the pin portion being separated in half shape, and cut the explanatory drawing that collar keeps mould open.

Fig. 9 is the transverse sectional view of Fig. 8.

Figure 10 to illustrate from the state of Fig. 8 blank to axial pressure to carry out the explanatory drawing of the state of upsetting shaping.

Figure 11 is the transverse sectional view of Figure 10.

Figure 12 illustrates the plan view forming a mode of execution of the blank of stepped part in the second mode of execution of the present invention at the two ends of the part becoming counterweight setting unit.

Figure 13 be illustrate be provided with the blank shown in Figure 12 state under the sectional view of a mode of execution of preliminary forming device.

Figure 14 is the sectional view that the preliminary forming device completing the state of the preliminary forming of blank from the state of Figure 13 is shown.

Figure 15 be illustrate for illustration of determined by riveting stepped part fixed the state of weight member, the partial enlarged drawing of Figure 14.

Figure 16 be illustrate in the second mode of execution of the present invention for manufacturing installation that blank upsetting is shaped, be configured as the exploded perspective view that the pin portion being separated in half shape keeps a side of mould.

Figure 17 is the explanatory drawing that blank by preliminary forming under the state be inserted at weight member is as illustrated in fig. 14 located at the state of the manufacturing installation comprising the maintenance mould shown in Figure 16.

Figure 18 illustrates the explanatory drawing from the state shown in Figure 17, blank having been carried out to the state that upsetting is shaped in axial pressure.

Figure 19 is the sectional view that the state blank shown in Figure 12 being located at the preliminary forming device in the 3rd mode of execution of the present invention is shown.

Figure 20 is the sectional view that the preliminary forming device completing the state of the preliminary forming of blank from the state of Figure 19 is shown.

Figure 21 is the explanatory drawing illustrated to compare bent axle (a) and bent axle (b), described bent axle (a) is by carrying out upsetting shaping and the bent axle manufactured to the blank of preliminary forming as illustrated in fig. 20, and described bent axle (b) is by carrying out upsetting shaping and the bent axle manufactured to the blank of preliminary forming as illustrated in fig. 14.

Figure 22 is to compare the situation (a) of the reduced thickness portion of counterweight being carried out together with pin portion Quenching Treatment by the 4th mode of execution of the present invention and the explanatory drawing only situation (b) of pin portion Quenching Treatment illustrated by existing technology.

Embodiment

First, the first mode of execution of bent axle 100 of the present invention is described based on Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4.In addition, bent axle 100 in this mode of execution is described with following situation: be formed with collar J, J of becoming rotary middle spindle for a pair at the two ends of bent axle 100, form pair of pin portion P, P, described pair of pin portion P, P are eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to collar J, a pair crank arm W, W is formed in the mode extended respectively between each collar J and each pin portion P, counterweight setting unit S is set, counterweight CW and crank arm W parallel configuration and extend in the mode of the central shaft elongation line C crossing collar J between two pin portions P, P.In following record and accompanying drawing, particularly when being described bent axle 100, as collar J, pin portion P, crank arm W, represent with capitalization counterweight setting unit S, counterweight CW, and when aftermentioned to the blank 10(of blank 1 or preliminary forming) when being described, as become collar part j, become pin portion part p, become crank arm part w, become counterweight setting unit part s, form counterweight weight member cw represent with lowercase.In the drawings, identical label is marked with to same part or suitable part.

Bent axle 100 of the present invention roughly has: collar J, J, and it becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion P, P, it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to collar J; Crank arm W, W, it extends between each collar J and each pin portion P; And counterweight CW, it to be configured between pin portion P, P and to extend in and the mode of crossing the central shaft elongation line C of collar J parallel with crank arm W, and bent axle 100 is by forming collar J, crank arm W continuously and comprising the blank 1 of pin portion P of counterweight setting unit S and the weight member cw that forms counterweight CW is formed.By carrying out eccentric upsetting to blank 1 or 10 and forming axis neck J, crank arm W and comprise the pin portion P of counterweight setting unit S.Further, between pin portion P, P, there is counterweight setting unit S adjacent.And weight member cw is formed with annulus 50 at its base end part.Insert this annulus 50 by being run through by blank 1, and annulus 50 is configured and is fixed on counterweight setting unit S to form counterweight CW.

Fig. 1 is the stereogram that blank 1 for the manufacture of bent axle of the present invention and weight member cw are shown, Fig. 2 illustrates that blank 1 runs through the stereogram of the state of the annulus 50 being inserted in weight member cw, Fig. 3 carries out to blank 1 or 10 plan view that upsetting processes the bent axle 100 of shape, and Fig. 4 is the longitudinal cross-sectional side view of Fig. 3.In addition, please note: the counterweight CW in weight member cw and the Fig. 3,4 shown in Fig. 1,2 towards the state being contrary configuration.

As shown in Figure 1, bent axle 100 is made up of blank 1 and weight member cw.When the mode of execution shown in Fig. 1, blank 1 is circular by section on the whole and the metallic material of the bar-shaped or wire of uniform diameter (these being referred to as bar-shaped) is formed.The part s becoming counterweight setting unit is set with between the part p becoming pin portion, p at blank 1.On the other hand, weight member cw is formed with the annulus 50 of its base end part, the weight section 51 of its tip portion and connects the joint 52 of annulus 50 and weight section 51.The internal diameter of annulus 50 is shaped slightly larger than the external diameter becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit of blank 1, runs through insert annulus 50 to enable described part s.And, size of the moment of inertia that weight section 51 is born relative to offset or the pin portion P of collar J based on the quality of weight member cw, the length of joint 52, pin portion P etc. and be set to the size can offsetting the vibration produced at bent axle.Such weight member cw easily can be shaped by punch press process, forging processing etc.

As shown in Figure 2, in the weight member cw be so shaped, blank 1 runs through its annulus 50 of insertion, and annulus 50 is configured in the part s becoming counterweight setting unit.Then, in this condition upsetting is carried out to blank 1, make pin portion P relative to the eccentric prearranging quatity of collar J, and crank arm W is flattened and is configured as predetermined thickness, like this, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, be shaped following bent axle 100: form a pair collar J, J at two ends, pair of pin portion P, P is formed continuously at the two ends of counterweight setting unit S, to form a pair crank arm W, W in the end of each pin portion P, P and each mode extended respectively between collar J, J, run through counterweight setting unit S to insert configuring and being fixed on annulus 50 to form counterweight CW.In addition, in order to counterweight setting unit S and the annulus 50 of fixing bent axle 100 of the present invention, such as, can pass through laser bonding, riveted joint, keyed engagement (キー engage, wedge joint conjunction) etc. various method be fixedly connected with.Being fixedly connected with of utilizing riveted joint to realize describes in detail below.

Bar-shaped blank 1 only can be inserted the annulus 50 of weight member cw and carry out eccentric upsetting and be shaped and just easily form by the bent axle of above-mentioned structure, and counterweight setting unit S runs through and inserts annulus 50, and therefore counterweight CW is firmly arranged at counterweight setting unit S.And although the bent axle of above-mentioned structure is provided with pair of pin portion P, P of same phase, crank arm and collar still have a pair, and the spin balancing of bent axle can be obtained effectively with single counterweight, therefore, it is possible to realize the lightweight of whole crank shaft.

Next, for the first mode of execution of the manufacturing installation of bent axle 100 of the present invention, by manufacturing the situation of the bent axle 100 formed as mentioned above based on Fig. 5 ~ Figure 11 explanation.

The manufacturing installation of bent axle 100 of the present invention is the device for the manufacture of bent axle, and described bent axle roughly has: collar J, J, and it becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion P, P, it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to described collar J; Crank arm W, W, it extends at collar J and between each pin portion P, P; And counterweight CW, it to be configured between pin portion P, P and to extend with crossing the central shaft elongation line JC of collar J abreast with crank arm W, described bent axle is made up of the blank 1 or 10 forming collar J, crank arm W and pin portion P continuously and the weight member cw that forms counterweight CW, in described manufacturing installation, possesses upsetting former 3, described upsetting former 3 possesses: keep mould 30,31, it keeps the part j becoming collar, the j of blank 1 or 10 respectively and becomes part p, the p in pin portion; And axial pressure unit 33, it pressurizes vertically to blank 1 or 10 and carries out eccentric upsetting, and the part w becoming crank arm is flattened between maintenance mould 30,31 and is configured as predetermined thickness, keep the maintenance mould 31 becoming the part p in pin portion to be configured to keep becoming the part p in pin portion, the shape of p under following state, described state is that the part s becoming counterweight setting unit between pin portion p, p adjacent one another are runs through the state inserted and be configured at the annulus 50 formed at the base end part of weight member cw.And, the manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention also possesses preliminary forming device 2, preliminary forming device 2, under running through at the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 state of annulus 50 inserted and be configured at weight member cw, to the part p becoming pin portion of described blank 1, p pressurizes along direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and to make the part p becoming pin portion, p and the part j becoming collar be adjacent, the mode that the position of the axis of j is close to each other is pressurizeed vertically, make the part p becoming pin portion of blank, p is relative to the part j becoming collar, j offsets prearranging quatity, and make the part w becoming crank arm, w with predetermined thickness relative to the part p becoming pin portion, p and the part j becoming collar, j bends.

The upsetting of the blank 10 of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 after to be the figure illustrated for illustration of the preliminary forming of blank 1 and the structure of this preliminary forming device, Fig. 7 ~ Figure 11 be for illustration of preliminary forming is shaped and the structure of this upsetting former and the figure that illustrates.That is, the manufacturing installation of the bent axle in present embodiment possesses: for making the preliminary forming device 2 of blank 1 preliminary forming and the upsetting former 3 for carrying out upsetting shaping to the blank 10 after this preliminary forming.In addition, in the present embodiment, the blank after preliminary forming is become thick shape material 10.

When the mode of execution shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, preliminary forming device 2 possesses: drift 20, and it retrains and holds the part p becoming pin portion of blank 1; Punch die 21,21, it retrains and holds the part j that is adjacent with the part p becoming pin portion held by drift 20, that become collar of blank 1; Axial orthogonal direction driver element 25, it carries out driving to make drift 20 relative to punch die 21 in the direction displacement orthogonal with the axis of blank; And axial driver element 26(is aftermentioned), its axis along blank 1 carries out driving to make punch die 21 close relative to drift 20, in preliminary forming device 2, making the part p becoming pin portion of blank relative to the part j becoming collar offsets prearranging quatity, and the part w making to become crank arm with predetermined thickness relative to becoming the part p in pin portion and becoming the part j bending forming of collar.And, drift 20 is formed as following shape: under running through at the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 state of annulus 50 inserted and be configured at weight member cw, can hold the part p becoming pin portion, p that the both sides of the part s becoming counterweight setting unit with this are adjacent.

Drift 20 has: main body 20a, it utilizes axial orthogonal direction driver element 25 pairs of blanks 1 to pressurize, the part p becoming pin portion forming to make to comprise the part s becoming counterweight setting unit offsets relative to the part j becoming collar, and the part w that will become crank arm flattens; And drift pressing member 20b, it is located at the below of described main body 20a and holds the part p becoming pin portion comprising the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1.Drift 20 is arranged on below dish 23.Upper dish 23 direction orthogonal to the axial direction driver element 25 connects.As axial orthogonal direction driver element 25, such as, can adopt the piston (ram) etc. carrying out the press machine of telescopic drive along the direction orthogonal with the axis of blank 1.The main body 20a of drift 20 has the space 22 for receiving weight member cw in its substantially central portion.Main body 20a and drift pressing member 20b has part that is corresponding with the part p becoming pin portion, the p of blank 1, that hold this part p, p.Further, drift pressing member 20b holding blank 1 become the part p in pin portion, the part of p is configured to be interconnected, can be maintained blank 1 become the part p in pin portion, the interval of p does not change in the axial direction.Further, drift pressing member 20b relative to main body 20a opening and closing or detachably can pull down.For blank 1, under the state opened relative to main body 20a at drift pressing member 20b or the state pulled down, annulus 50 is run through the weight member cw being inserted in the part s becoming counterweight setting unit and be accommodated in space 22, and be configured in the mode that the part becoming pin portion is corresponding with the part of carrying out holding, then, drift pressing member 20b closed relative to main body 20a or installs, utilize the maintenances such as clamping element, thus part p, p that this becomes pin portion are held.

Punch die 21, in the same manner as drift 20, has: main body 21a, the mode that the part w becoming crank arm flattens to be formed between main body 21a and drift 20; And punch die pressing member 21b, it is located at the top of described main body 21a and holds the part becoming collar j of blank 1, and punch die pressing member 21b relative to main body 21a opening and closing or detachably can pull down.Further, punch die 21 is can the mode of movement vertically be located at above lower wall 24.

Axial driver element 26 can be made up of with the cam mechanism of mode movement close to each other the decline by upper dish 23.The cam mechanism 26 forming axial driver element is made up of driving cam 26a and inverted cam 26b.Driving cam 26a is located at upper dish 23 in the mode of not movement in the axial direction, and inverted cam 26b is the mode of movement vertically can arrange and be connected with punch die 21.When driving cam 26a is depressed along with the decline of upper dish 23, by inverted cam 26b, a pair punch die 21,21 is moved vertically in mode close to each other.Other actuators such as in addition, axial driver element 26 is not limited to cam mechanism, the oil hydraulic cylinder that also can be extended by the axis (left and right directions in Fig. 5, Fig. 6) along blank 1 and shrink are formed.

On the other hand, upsetting former 3 in present embodiment possesses the housing 32 retraining maintenance mould 30,31 in the mode that maintenance mould 30,31 can be made to slide axially, and in the present embodiment, at least keep the maintenance mould 31 becoming the part p in pin portion of blank 1 or 10 to possess: axial slider 41, it is can slide relative to the mode of the inner peripheral surface of housing 32 movement vertically; And radially sliding part 42, it is held in described axial slider 41, and can slide along the mode moved radially of housing 32.

Housing 32 is formed by cylinder being separated in half vertically a pair parts 32A, 32B obtaining.Housing 32 be supported to relative mutual parts 32A, 32B can opening and closing and be shaped time can not surprisingly openly with predetermined power matched moulds.In addition, in figure 8 and figure 10, the end face of parts 32A or 32B of housing 32 is shown, but it should be noted that in order to easily determine that its shape indicates hacures.

The peripheral shape keeping the maintenance mould (being called that collar keeps mould) 30 becoming the part j of collar of blank 1 or 10 is the inner circumferential shape similar shape with housing 32, and is shaped slightly little than the inner peripheral surface of described housing 32.Each collar maintenance mould 30 is formed with the holding part 30a keeping becoming the part j of collar in its side.Holding part 30a easily can be formed by perforating etc., and the internal diameter in described hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the part j becoming collar, and the degree of depth is corresponding with the axial length of the part j becoming collar.In addition, in the present embodiment, owing to manufacturing the bent axle 100 only possessing collar J, J at two ends, collar keeps mould 30 to be configured with a pair.And, each collar keeps mould 30 also can be configured to be separated in half shape unlike pin portion keeps mould 31A, 31B and (the pin portion being separated in half shape is kept to the structure of mould 31A, 31B, describe later), and be shaped integratedly in the mode comprising the part shown in Fig. 7 chain lines.

The maintenance mould (being called that pin portion keeps mould) 31 becoming the part p in pin portion of blank 1 or 10 is kept to be made up of a pair parts 31A, the 31B being formed as being separated in half shape in the mode that can keep and take out blank 1 or thick shape material 10.Pin portion keeps the axial slider 41 of mould 31 to be configured as tabular, the thickness of described tabular comprises counterweight setting unit S with two pin portions P, P(of the bent axle 100 of shaping) end between axial length add the thickness that two crank arms W, the W at the two ends of supporting described pin portion P are shaped and the thickness obtained is roughly the same, the peripheral shape of this axial slider 41 and the inner circumferential shape of housing 32 are similar figures, and are formed slightly less than the inner face of housing 32 in the mode that can slide axially in the inside of housing 32.And, pin portion keeps in the axial slider 41 of mould 31, opening 43 is formed in the mode that through-thickness is through respectively on its two sides, this opening 43 radially extends according to the shape of crank arm W of bent axle 100 be shaped and/or the size (width and/or length) etc. of the weight section of size and counterweight, and a pair parts 41A, 41B that axial slider 41 is separated in half in central authorities by the length direction along described opening 43 are formed.And then, the groove 44 of the lateral margin radially sliding part 42 is supported in the length direction sidewall mode be formed respectively for sliding with the lateral margin of slider 42 of opening 43.

On the other hand, pin portion keeps the part 42 that radially slides of mould 31 to be configured as tabular, the thickness of described tabular is two pin portion P with the bent axle 100 be shaped, P(comprises counterweight setting unit) end between the roughly the same thickness of axial length, and its width is can be supported by the groove 44 of axial slider 41 and by the width along direction constrain orthogonal to the moving direction, and the length of described tabular for: as Fig. 8 ~ Figure 12 be shown in annulus 50 by the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 or 10 run through the joint 52 of weight member cw inserting configuration be accommodated in space 45 and weight section 51 from the outstanding state in space 45, can moving from the part p becoming pin portion of blank 1 or 10 to the eccentric length of pin portion P becoming bent axle in groove 44.And, radially slide part 42 and be formed with space 45 for the annulus 50 and joint 52 receiving weight member cw in the substantial middle of its thickness direction, and between described space 45 and the surface radially sliding part 42, be formed with the hole 46 keeping becoming the part p in pin portion.Further, radially slide part 42 and be made up of a pair parts 42A, 42B, described parts 42A, 42B by along through the center in hole 46 and the cutting lines that the imaginary line extended on the direction of pin portion P relative to collar J bias is formed be separated in half.In addition, in figure 8 and figure 10, show pin portion keep the axial slider 41 of mould 31 and radially slide parts 41A, 42A or 41B for part 42, the end face of 42B, but same with housing 32, it should be noted that in order to easily determine that its shape indicates hacures.

Next, for the first mode of execution of the manufacture method of bent axle of the present invention, be described by the situation using the manufacturing installation formed as shown in Fig. 5 ~ Figure 11 to manufacture bent axle as shown in Figure 1 to 4, and action and the effect thereof of this manufacturing installation are also described in the lump.

The manufacture method of bent axle 100 of the present invention, it is the method for the manufacture of bent axle 100, and described bent axle 100 roughly has: collar J, J, and it becomes rotary middle spindle, multiple pin portion P, P, it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to described collar J, crank arm W, W, it extends at collar J and between each pin portion P, P respectively, and counterweight CW, it is configured in pin portion P, parallel with crank arm W and extend with crossing the central shaft elongation line JC of collar J between P, wherein, prepare to form collar J continuously, the blank 1 of crank arm W and pin portion P, and form the weight member cw of counterweight CW, annulus 50 is formed at the base end part of weight member cw, and at the part p becoming pin portion of blank 1, between p, setting becomes the part s of counterweight setting unit, the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 is run through insertion be configured at the annulus 50 of weight member cw and fix, and blank 1 or 10 is pressurizeed vertically and carries out eccentric upsetting thus forming axis neck J, J, crank arm W, W and pin portion P, P.

And, the manufacture method of bent axle of the present invention is roughly, before above-mentioned upsetting is shaped, under running through at the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 state of annulus 50 inserted and be configured at weight member cw, to the part p becoming pin portion, p pressurizes along direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and pressurization makes this become the part p in pin portion vertically, p and the part j becoming collar be adjacent, the position of the axis of j is close to each other, implement the part p becoming pin portion making blank 1, p is relative to the part j becoming collar, j offsets prearranging quatity, and make the part w becoming crank arm, w with predetermined thickness relative to the part p becoming pin portion, p and the part j becoming collar, the preliminary forming that j is bending forms thick shape material 10, pressurize vertically to carry out eccentric upsetting to the thick shape material 10 that this preliminary forming obtains.

When carrying out preliminary forming to blank 1, as shown in Figure 5, first bar-shaped blank 1 is run through the annulus inserting weight member cw, with the part s becoming counterweight setting unit making the annulus 50 of weight member be positioned at blank 1, in this condition weight member cw be accommodated in the space 22 of the main body 20a of drift 20 and hold the part p becoming pin portion, the p of blank 1 with drift 20, and holding the part j becoming collar, the j of blank 1 with punch die 21,21 respectively.Now, as shown in Figure 5, weight member cw is located by the space 22 of main body 20b, and, run through the blank 1 inserting annulus 50 and hold location by punch die 21, therefore the annulus 50 of weight member cw is located exactly by the part s becoming counterweight setting unit relative to blank 1.

In this condition, as shown in Figure 6, by making upper dish 23 decline relative to lower wall 24, drift 20 being moved along the direction orthogonal with the axis of blank 1 and pressurizes, and utilize axial driver element 26 that punch die 21,21 is pressurizeed with the movement vertically of the mode close to drift 20 respectively.The part p becoming pin portion, the p of blank 1 offset prearranging quatity relative to the part j becoming collar, therewith concomitantly, the axial driver element 26 be made up of cam mechanism 26a, 26b etc. makes punch die 21,21 move in mode close to each other, thus will become predetermined angle relative to part p with part j bending with the part w becoming crank arm between the part j becoming collar becoming the part p in pin portion.Now, to be moved along the direction orthogonal with the axis of blank 1 by drift 20 and the pressurization realized and punch die 21,21 move vertically in approximating mode, thus the part w becoming crank arm of thick shape material 10 is pressurized and flattens and be configured as predetermined thickness between the main body 20a and the main body 21a of punch die 21 of drift 20, and be predetermined angle relative to the part j becoming collar and the part p bending forming becoming pin portion.In thick shape material 10, the part s becoming counterweight setting unit runs through the annulus 50 inserting and be configured at weight member cw.

When so bar-shaped blank 1 preliminary forming being become thick shape material 10, eccentric upsetting shaping can be carried out with less Forming Resistance afterwards, thus easily and reliably can manufacture high-precision bent axle.And, make punch die 21,21 move in approximating mode when preliminary forming, thus the power of pressurizeing along direction orthogonal to the axial direction to the part p becoming pin portion and the part j that becomes collar is less, can by the part w becoming crank arm easily and become predetermined angle relative to the part p becoming pin portion with the part j bending becoming collar accurately.

Next, the thick shape material 10 to preliminary forming carry out eccentric upsetting be shaped time, as shown in FIG. 8 and 9, the part p becoming pin portion of the thick shape material 10 of preliminary forming and the part j becoming collar are remained on respectively the maintenance mould 30,31 of upsetting former 3.Now, the part s that annulus 50 is known as counterweight setting unit runs through the weight member cw inserting configuration and is accommodated in pin portion and keeps in the space 45 radially sliding part 42 of mould 31, and the part p becoming pin portion, the p that are arranged in the both sides of the part s becoming counterweight setting unit are maintained separately in the hole 46,46 radially sliding part 42.

In this condition, the maintenance mould 30,31 maintaining thick shape material 10 is accommodated in housing 32, as illustratively utilized axial pressure unit 33 to pressurize vertically with arrow in Figure 10 and Figure 11.Now, radially slide part 42 to slide relative to the groove 44 of axial slider 41 until close to closing (Red with the inner peripheral surface of housing 32).Therefore, the part p becoming pin portion of thick shape material 10 is changed to the offset of pin portion P relative to collar J of bent axle 100 relative to the offset of the part j becoming collar.And, the part w becoming crank arm, the w of thick shape material 10 slide axially in the opening 43 of part 41, collar keep mould 30 and pin portion keep mould 31 radially slide to be crushed between part 42 by upsetting, be configured as and separate predetermined spacing relative to pin portion P, P and crank arm W, W of being respectively predetermined shape, predetermined thickness.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of the annulus 50 of weight member cw and blank 1 can be fixed up by weld etc., carry out preliminary forming and eccentric upsetting shaping, also can be, the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 is run through insert be configured at the annulus 50 of weight member cw state under carry out preliminary forming, then the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of the annulus 50 of weight member cw and thick shape material 10 is fixed up by weld etc., then, carry out eccentric upsetting shaping, can also be, preliminary forming is carried out run through the state inserted and be configured at the annulus 50 of weight member cw at the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 under, then eccentric upsetting shaping is carried out, then the counterweight setting unit S of the annulus 50 of weight member cw and bent axle is fixed up by weld etc.

In addition, the present invention also can not carry out preliminary forming, the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of blank 1 is run through the annulus 50 inserting and be configured at weight member cw, the part j becoming collar of blank 1 and the part p becoming pin portion are remained on respectively and keeps mould 30,31 to carry out eccentric upsetting shaping.Further, the present invention also comprises following situation: maintenance mould 30,31 is not accommodated in ground in housing 32 when eccentric upsetting is shaped and pressurizes vertically.

When like this by axial slider 41 and radially slide pin portion that part 42 forms upsetting former 3 keep mould 31, be shaped along with eccentric upsetting, reliably can tackle the offset of pin portion P relative to collar J changing to bent axle 100 from the part p becoming pin portion of blank 1 or thick shape material 10 relative to the offset of the part j becoming collar, and pin portion P can be made eccentric accurately.

And it is restrained that the collar of upsetting former 3 keeps mould 30 and pin portion to keep mould 31 to be accommodated in housing 32, thereby, it is possible to reliably and the eccentric upsetting carrying out blank 1 or thick shape material 10 be accurately shaped.

Next, based on Figure 12 ~ Figure 18, the second mode of execution of the present invention is described.In addition, in the explanation of this second mode of execution, also the description thereof will be omitted to be marked with identical label for the part that the first mode of execution with above-mentioned is same or suitable, is only described the part different from the first mode of execution.

In bent axle 100 in this mode of execution of the present invention, riveted by least one party of the counterweight setting unit s by the annulus 50 of weight member cw and blank 1 or 10, thus the annulus 50 of weight member cw is fixed on counterweight setting unit S.Figure 13 ~ Figure 15 for illustration of by making the stepped part 6(of the part s becoming counterweight setting unit aftermentioned in the operation of preliminary forming) plastic deformation, thus the annulus 50 of weight member cw is riveted fixing situation, Figure 16 ~ Figure 18 compresses the stepped part 6 of the part s becoming counterweight setting unit in eccentric upsetting forming process vertically for illustration of passing through, thus the annulus 50 of weight member cw is riveted fixing situation.

As shown in figure 12, in blank 1 in present embodiment, the sectional area becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit is configured as larger than the sectional area of the part p becoming pin portion, and is formed with stepped part 6,6 the becoming of part s becoming counterweight setting unit with the two ends of the intersection of the part p respectively becoming pin portion.In addition, in the mode of execution shown in Figure 12, it is roughly the same sectional area that the part j becoming collar of blank 1 is configured as with the part s becoming counterweight setting unit with the part w becoming crank arm.The part p cutting respectively becoming pin portion such as to be become predetermined sectional area etc. by having the part j becoming collar, the part w becoming crank arm and the bar-shaped metallic material of sectional area of part s becoming counterweight setting unit to entirety and is shaped by such blank 1.

The drift of preliminary forming device 2 is configured to following shape: making to become the part s plastic deformation of counterweight setting unit by becoming the part p in pin portion along direction orthogonal to the axial direction pressing, the annulus 50 of weight member cw can be fixed by caulking to counterweight setting unit S.That is, as by Figure 15 amplify and with part section illustratively, punch body 20a, be formed obliquely as taper with the part 20c corresponding to the end face of the annulus 50 of weight member cw from the stepped part 6 of the part s becoming counterweight setting unit.

In the preliminary forming device 2 so formed, as shown in figure 13, the part p becoming pin portion, the p of blank 1 are held between punch body and drift pressing member, and the part j, the j that become collar are held by punch die, as shown in figure 14, dish 23 is declined relative to lower wall 24, makes drift 20 move along the direction orthogonal with the axis of blank 1 and pressurize thus, and make punch die 21,21 move vertically in the mode respectively close to drift 20 and pressurize.Now, pressed from the upper section of the stepped part 6 becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit to the end face of the annulus 50 of weight member cw of blank 1 by the part 20c being formed as taper of punch body 20a, consequently, with the mode plastic deformation making material flow upward.Thus, as shown in figure 15, the thickness protuberance near the stepped part becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit of blank 1, thus the end face riveting of annulus 50 is fixed.The operation of the end face of annulus 50 is determined in this riveting, by means of only by being used for making the part 20c becoming the part s plastic deformation of counterweight setting unit of blank 1 to be arranged at drift 20, just side by side easily can carry out with the preliminary forming of blank 1.

In addition, when surely annulus 50 being fixed with sufficient intensity with the part s becoming counterweight setting unit by this riveting, can omit and described laterly (illustrating based on Figure 18) be compressed vertically to stepped part 6 and the riveting that realizes is fixed, and, the riveting realized when carrying out this to compress vertically stepped part 6 is determined, can compress vertically as this and the riveting realized fixed before operation and play temporary fixed effect.

Next, the upsetting former in present embodiment is described based on Figure 16 ~ Figure 18.In the present embodiment, equally, the situation making the thick shape material 10 of blank 1 preliminary forming carry out upsetting shaping is described, but the present invention is not limited to the situation of thick shape material 10 being carried out to upsetting shaping.

In upsetting former in the present embodiment, the maintenance mould 31 becoming the part p in pin portion is kept to be configured to following shape: compression vertically also riveting becomes the part s of counterweight setting unit surely, thus the annulus 50 of weight member cw can be fixed on counterweight setting unit S.

Figure 16 decomposes the stereogram that the only side being separated in half pin portion maintenance mould 31A, 31B that shape is formed is shown, pin portion in present embodiment keeps axial slider 41A, 41B of mould 31 to be made up of respectively (in figure) upper axial slider 41a and bottom axial slider 41b, radially slides part 42A, 42B and radially slides part 42a and bottom by (in figure) top and radially slide part 42b and form respectively.Top radially slides part 42a and bottom and radially slides part 42b and be configured to be separated in half shape, therefore by radially sliding part and bottom with the top of the unshowned the opposing party of Figure 16, to radially slide part involutory respectively, can keep the part p becoming pin portion, the p of blank 1 or slightly shape material 10 with its hole 46,46 respectively.And, upper axial slider 41a and bottom axial slider 41b is also configured to be separated in half shape, therefore by involutory respectively with the upper axial slider and bottom axial slider of the unshowned the opposing party of Figure 16, can with top radially slide part 42a and bottom radially slide part 42b respectively slidable mode keep top to radially slide part 42a and bottom radially slides part 42b.Further, upper axial slider 41a and bottom axial slider 41b is set to: the axial length between the stepped part 6,6 becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit of the Thickness Ratio blank 1 of the axis both 41a, 41b are combined or thick shape material 10 is slightly short.Therefore, respectively top is radially slided part 42a and bottom to radially slide part 42b and be installed on the situation shown in thick shape material 10(Figure 17) the part p becoming pin portion, p and make it be held in hole 46, described top is radially slided part 42a and bottom to radially slide part 42b and be held in upper axial slider 41a and bottom axial slider 41b respectively, between upper axial slider 41a and bottom axial slider 41b, form gap M.And, form pin portion and keep the hole 46 radially sliding part 42 of mould 31 to be configured as the diameter corresponding with the sectional area of the part p becoming pin portion.Therefore, the part radially slided around the hole 46 in a surface of part 42 becomes the state contacted with stepped part 6, thus, when pressurizeing vertically to blank 1 or thick shape material 10, stepped part 6 can be made to compress vertically.

In the upsetting former 3 so formed, situation to keep mould 30,31 to keep thick shape material 10(present embodiment) and be accommodated in housing 32, utilize axial pressure unit 33 to pressurize vertically, be formed with the upper axial slider 41a of gap M and bottom axial slider 41b between making it and support and close.Thus, as shown in figure 18, the stepped part 6 becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit of thick shape material 10 is compressed vertically, the part s being known as counterweight setting unit can be run through the annulus 50 inserting configuration and rivet fixing.This operation part s riveting becoming counterweight setting unit being fixed surely annulus 50 forms stepped part 6 by means of only the two ends becoming the part s of counterweight setting unit at blank 1, the power of pressurizeing vertically when utilizing upsetting to be shaped can realize, and side by side easily can carry out with upsetting forming process.Therefore, without the need to for by fixing to the part s becoming counterweight setting unit and annulus 50 operation such as to weld.

Next, based on Figure 19 ~ Figure 21, the 3rd mode of execution of the present invention is described.In addition, also the description thereof will be omitted to be marked with identical label for the part that the first and second mode of executions with above-mentioned are same or suitable, is only described the part different from the first and second mode of executions.

Preliminary forming device 2 also possesses offset limiting unit 27, the part s that the restriction of described offset limiting unit 27 becomes counterweight setting unit, relative to the skew of part j becoming collar, makes counterweight setting unit S-phase less relative to the offset of collar J than pin portion P for the offset of collar J.

In this case, offset limiting unit 27 is made up of the block being disposed in the position corresponding with the part s becoming counterweight setting unit on the lower wall 24 of preliminary forming device 2.This block 27 has predetermined height.And the drift pressing member 20b in present embodiment has the through hole 28 that block 27 can be made to pass through.

In the preliminary forming device 2 so formed, as shown in figure 19, the part p becoming pin portion, the p of blank 1 are held between punch body 20a and drift pressing member 20b, and the part j, the j that become collar are held by punch die 21, as shown in figure 20, by making upper dish 23 decline relative to lower wall 24, thus make drift 20 move along the direction orthogonal with the axis of blank 1 and pressurize, and make punch die 21,21 move vertically in the mode respectively close to drift 20 and pressurize.Now, become the part p in pin portion, p pressurizeed along direction orthogonal to the axial direction by punch body 20a and offset prearranging quatity relative to the part j becoming collar.But, run through by this part the annulus 50 inserting configuration because the part s(becoming counterweight setting unit is actually) abut with block 27, therefore hinder it and offset prearranging quatity relative to the part j becoming collar in the same manner as the part p, the p that become pin portion, limit the side-play amount relative to the part j becoming collar.Therefore, be configured as: the part s becoming counterweight setting unit of thick shape material 10 is less relative to the side-play amount of the part j becoming collar than the part p becoming pin portion relative to the side-play amount of the part j becoming collar.

Further, if carry out upsetting shaping to the thick shape material 10 of preliminary forming like this, then as shown in (a) of Figure 21, counterweight setting unit S-phase is less relative to the side-play amount of collar J than pin portion P for the side-play amount of collar J.Therefore, with shown in (b) of such as Figure 21, counterweight setting unit S is configured in and the situation on the concentric elongation line of pin portion P, namely, counterweight setting unit S-phase is set to compared with the situation identical relative to the side-play amount of collar J with pin portion P for the side-play amount of collar J, the joint 52 of counterweight CW can be shortened, and weight section 51 can be reduced, consequently, the lightweight of bent axle 100 entirety can be realized.

Next, based on Figure 22, the 4th mode of execution of the present invention is described.In addition, in the present embodiment, also the description thereof will be omitted to be marked with identical label for the part same or suitable with the above-mentioned first ~ three mode of execution, is only described different parts.In fig. 22, a () shows the bent axle 100 in present embodiment partly with section, (b) shows the bent axle 100' of situation joint 52 being formed as roughly the same sectional area in length range partly in order to compare with the bent axle 100 of present embodiment with section.

The joint 52 of the weight member cw in present embodiment, part the part corresponding to the central shaft elongation line C with collar J from annulus 50 side is formed with the reduced thickness portion 52a that sectional area reduces, and this reduced thickness portion 52a is through Quenching Treatment.

At this, in general, the pin portion P of bent axle 100' as Suo Shi (b) of Figure 22 in order to make its surface carry out Quenching Treatment with predetermined depth-hardened.High-frequency induction heating coil 7' for this Quenching Treatment is formed as the shape with the width relative with pin portion P.Further, when carrying out Quenching Treatment, making high-frequency induction heating coil 7' close to pin portion P, centered by pin portion P, making bent axle 100' rotate, by the surface heating of pin portion P to predetermined temperature.The joint 52' of the weight member cw in this situation is roughly the same sectional area on the whole, does not form the reduced thickness portion 52a as shown in (a) of Figure 22.

Relative to this, in the present invention, as shown in (a) of Figure 22, at the joint 52 of weight member cw, part the part corresponding to the central shaft elongation line C with collar J from annulus 50 side is formed with the reduced thickness portion 52a that sectional area reduces,, achieve lightweight, and carry out Quenching Treatment in order to ensure the intensity of this reduced thickness portion 52a.High-frequency induction heating coil 7 for this Quenching Treatment has the relative part 7b carrying out heating of reduced thickness portion 52a of the part 7a that relatively to carry out with pin portion P heating and the joint 52 with counterweight CW.And, when carrying out Quenching Treatment, make the part 7a of high-frequency induction heating coil 7 close to pin portion P and make part 7b close to the reduced thickness portion 52a of joint 52, bent axle 100 is rotated centered by pin portion P, the surface of the reduced thickness portion 52a of pin portion P and joint 52 is heated to predetermined temperature simultaneously, forms quenching part Y with the predetermined degree of depth.Like this, by side by side carrying out Quenching Treatment to the reduced thickness portion 52a of joint 52 with the Quenching Treatment of the pin portion P generally carried out, thus cost can not be increased, time that operation, Quenching Treatment expend etc. just easily and reliably arrange the counterweight CW that ensure that intensity, and can realize the further lightweight of bent axle 100.

Utilizability in industry

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned mode of execution that the bent axle by having two pin portions illustrates, also can be applied to the bent axle being formed with more than three pin portions, being provided with the situation of counterweight between each pin portion.Further, the present invention also can be applied to the situation of the bent axle used in other equipment be manufactured on beyond internal-combustion engine.And preliminary forming operation and upsetting forming process can be carried out with the hot working of predetermined temperature or cold working as required.

Label declaration

1: blank; 10: thick shape material; 100: bent axle; CW: counterweight; 50: annulus; 51: weight section; 52: joint; 52a: reduced thickness portion; P: pin portion; J: collar; W: crank arm; S: counterweight setting unit; P: the part becoming pin portion; J: the part becoming collar; W: the part becoming crank arm; S: the part becoming counterweight setting unit; 6: stepped part; Cw: weight member;

2: preliminary forming device; 20: drift; 21: punch die; 22: space (weight member container); 27: block (offset limiting unit);

3: upsetting former; 30: collar keeps mould; 31: pin portion keeps mould; 32: housing; 33: axial pressure unit; 41: axial slider; 42: radially slide part; 45: space (weight member container);

7: radio-frequency induction coil; 7a: the part in heating pin portion; 7b: the part of heating reduced thickness portion.

Claims

1. a bent axle, is characterized in that, has:

Blank (1), form continuously: collar (J), it becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion (P), it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to this collar; And crank arm (W), it extends between described collar and each pin portion, and

Form the weight member (cw) of counterweight (CW), described counterweight is configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are, and extends with the central shaft elongation line that described crank arm crosses described collar abreast,

Described weight member (cw) has annulus (50) at its base end part,

Described blank (1) has counterweight setting unit (S) between the part (p) becoming described pin portion adjacent one another are,

Be configured at the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) by the counterweight setting unit (S) of described blank (1) being run through insertion and fix thus form described counterweight (CW),

To be shaped described collar (J), crank arm (W) and pin portion (P) by carrying out eccentric upsetting to described blank (1),

Riveted by least one party of the counterweight setting unit (S) by described annulus (50) and described blank (1), thus the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) is fixed on counterweight setting unit (S)

The section area of the counterweight setting unit (S) of described blank (1) is configured as larger than the section area of described pin portion (P), stepped part (6) is formed at the two ends of the part (s) becoming described counterweight setting unit (S), compressed vertically by the stepped part (6) to described two ends, counterweight setting unit (S) is riveted, thus the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) is fixed on counterweight setting unit (S).

2. bent axle according to claim 1, wherein,

Described counterweight setting unit (S) is less relative to the offset of described collar (J) than described pin portion (P) relative to the offset of described collar (J).

3. bent axle according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,

Described counterweight (CW) is being formed with the reduced thickness portion (52a) making section area reduce at least partly from its annulus (50) between the part corresponding with the central shaft elongation line of described collar, and this reduced thickness portion is through Quenching Treatment.

4. bent axle according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,

Collar (J) described in a pair is formed at the two ends of bent axle,

Pin portion (P) described in a pair is formed continuously at the two ends of described counterweight setting unit (S),

Crank arm (W) described in a pair is extended to form respectively between the end and described each collar (J) of each pin portion (P).

5. a manufacture method for bent axle, described bent axle has: collar (J), and it becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion (P), it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to this collar; Crank arm (W), it extends between described collar and each pin portion; And counterweight, it is configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are, and extends with the central shaft elongation line that described crank arm (W) crosses described collar (J) abreast, and the feature of described manufacture method is,

Annulus (50) is formed at the base end part of the weight member (cw) forming described counterweight (CW), and form continuously described collar (J), crank arm (W) and pin portion (P) blank (1) the part becoming pin portion (P) adjacent one another are between set counterweight setting unit (S)

The part becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank (1) is run through the annulus (50) that insertion is configured at described weight member (cw),

The annulus of described weight member is fixed on the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit or the described counterweight setting unit (S) of described blank (1), and pressurize vertically to carry out eccentric upsetting shaping to described blank (1) thus the described collar (J) that is shaped, crank arm (W) and pin portion (P)

Under the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank (1) runs through the state of annulus (50) that insertion is configured at described weight member (cw), mould (31) is kept to keep the part (p) becoming pin portion of described blank with pin portion, mould (30) is kept to keep becoming the part (j) of collar with collar

By pressurizeing vertically to described blank (1), thus the part (w) becoming crank arm is kept that mould (30) and described pin portion keep flattening between mould (31) and upsetting is configured as predetermined thickness at described collar, and the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank (1) is riveted vertically and fixes being inserted the annulus (50) being configured with this part

The section area becoming the part (s) of counterweight setting unit of described blank (1) is configured as larger than the section area of the part (p) becoming described pin portion, the two ends becoming the part (s) of counterweight setting unit at this form stepped part (6), to part (s) riveted joint of counterweight setting unit be become by compressing vertically two stepped part, thus fix being inserted the annulus (50) being configured with this part.

6. the manufacture method of bent axle according to claim 5, wherein,

Described counterweight setting unit is shaped less relative to the offset of collar (J) than pin portion (P) relative to the offset of collar (J).

7. the manufacture method of the bent axle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein,

Under the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank (1) runs through the state of annulus (50) that insertion is configured at described weight member (cw), implement preliminary forming: the part (p) becoming pin portion is pressurizeed along axle orthogonal direction, and the part (p) becoming pin portion with this and the part (j) the becoming collar position be in the axial direction adjacent mode close to each other is pressurizeed vertically, the part (p) becoming pin portion of described blank is made to offset prearranging quatity relative to the part (j) becoming collar, and the part (w) becoming crank arm is bent with the part (j) becoming collar relative to the part (p) becoming pin portion with predetermined thickness,

Blank after this preliminary forming is pressurizeed vertically and carries out eccentric upsetting.

8. the manufacture method of bent axle according to claim 7, wherein,

In described preliminary forming, the at least one party of the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) and the counterweight setting unit (S) of described blank (1) is riveted, the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) is fixed on counterweight setting unit (S).

9. the manufacture method of bent axle according to claim 7, wherein,

In described preliminary forming, restriction becomes the part of described counterweight setting unit (S) to the movement of axle orthogonal direction, pressurizes along axle orthogonal direction to the part (p) becoming pin portion.

10. the manufacture method of the bent axle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein,

Between the part corresponding with the central shaft elongation line of described collar (J), the reduced thickness portion (52a) making section area reduce at least is partly formed at the annulus (50) from described weight member (cw)

Quenching Treatment is carried out to the reduced thickness portion (52a) of the counterweight (CW) being fixed on described counterweight setting unit (S).

The manufacture method of 11. bent axles according to claim 5 or 6, wherein,

Collar (J) described in a pair is formed at the two ends of bent axle (100),

The manufacturing installation of 12. 1 kinds of bent axles, described bent axle has: collar (J), and it becomes rotary middle spindle; Multiple pin portion (P), it is eccentric and adjacent one another are with same phase relative to this collar; Crank arm (W), it extends between described collar and each pin portion; And counterweight (CW), it is configured between described pin portion adjacent one another are, and the central shaft elongation line crossing described collar (J) abreast with described crank arm (W) extends, described bent axle is formed by forming described collar (J), the blank (1) of crank arm (W) and pin portion (P) and the weight member (cw) that forms described counterweight (CW) continuously, the feature of described manufacturing installation is to possess:

Keep mould, its part (p) keeping the part (j) becoming described collar of described blank respectively and become described pin portion; And

Axial pressure unit (33), it pressurizes vertically to described blank and carries out eccentric upsetting, and the part (w) becoming crank arm is flattened between described maintenance mould and be configured as predetermined thickness,

The maintenance mould (31) becoming the part (p) in described pin portion is kept to be configured to following shape: under the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit between described pin portion (P) adjacent one another are runs through the state that insertion is configured at the annulus (50) formed at the base end part of weight member (cw), the part (p) becoming described pin portion can be kept

The maintenance mould (31A, 31B) becoming the part (p) in described pin portion is kept to be configured to following shape: the part (s) becoming described counterweight setting unit can be compressed vertically riveted joint and the annulus of described weight member (cw) is fixed on described counterweight setting unit (S)

Be configured as larger than the section area of the part (p) becoming described pin portion at the section area becoming the part (s) of counterweight setting unit of described blank (1), when the two ends that this becomes the part (s) of counterweight setting unit are formed with stepped part

The maintenance mould (31) becoming the part (p) in described pin portion is kept to be configured to following shape: can riveted joint be compressed vertically to described two stepped part and the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) is fixed on described counterweight setting unit (S).

The manufacturing installation of 13. bent axles according to claim 12, wherein,

Also possess housing, described housing is received in the mode that described each maintenance mould can slide axially and is retrained described each maintenance mould.

The manufacturing installation of 14. bent axles according to claim 13, wherein,

The maintenance mould (31) becoming the part (p) in described pin portion is at least kept to possess axial slider (41) and radially slide part (42), described axial slider can slide relative to the mode of the inner peripheral surface of described housing movement vertically, described in radially slide part and be held in this axial slider and can slide along the mode moved radially of housing.

The manufacturing installation of 15. bent axles according to claim 12 or 13, wherein,

Also possesses preliminary forming device (2), described preliminary forming device is under the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit of described blank (1) runs through the state of annulus (50) that insertion is configured at described weight member (cw), the part (p) becoming pin portion of this blank is pressurizeed along axle orthogonal direction, and the part becoming pin portion with this and the part (j) the becoming collar position be in the axial direction adjacent mode close to each other is pressurizeed vertically, the part (p) becoming pin portion of described blank is made to offset prearranging quatity relative to the part (j) becoming collar, and the part making to become crank arm with predetermined thickness relative to becoming the part in pin portion and becoming the bend portions of collar.

The manufacturing installation of 16. bent axles according to claim 15, wherein,

Described preliminary forming device (2) possesses: drift (20), and it holds the part (p) becoming pin portion of described blank (1); Punch die (21), it holds becomes the adjacent part (j) becoming collar in the two ends of the part (p) in pin portion with this; Axle orthogonal direction presser unit, it makes described drift move along the axle orthogonal direction of blank; And axial pressure unit (3), it pressurizes to make described punch die (21) near described drift (20) vertically,

Described drift (20) is configured as following shape: the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit between described pin portion (P) adjacent one another are can hold the part (p) becoming pin portion that the both sides of the part becoming counterweight setting unit with this are adjacent under running through the state inserted and be configured at the annulus formed at the base end part of weight member.

The manufacturing installation of 17. bent axles according to claim 16, wherein,

Described drift (20) is configured to following shape: by making its plastic deformation to the described part becoming counterweight setting unit along the pressing of axle orthogonal direction, and the annulus (50) of described weight member (cw) can be fixed by caulking to described counterweight setting unit (S).

The manufacturing installation of 18. bent axles according to claim 15, wherein,

Described preliminary forming device (2) also possesses offset limiting unit (27), the part (s) becoming counterweight setting unit described in the restriction of described offset limiting unit, relative to the skew of part (j) becoming collar, makes described counterweight setting unit (S) less relative to the offset of described collar than described pin portion (P) relative to the offset of described collar (J).

The manufacturing installation of 19. bent axles according to claim 12 or 13, wherein,

Also there is quenching unit (7), described quenching unit is formed with reduced thickness portion (52a) that make section area reduce at least partly between the part that the annulus from described weight member (cw) is extremely corresponding with the central shaft elongation line of described collar (J), Quenching Treatment is carried out to the reduced thickness portion of described counterweight.

The manufacturing installation of 20. bent axles according to claim 19, wherein,

Described quenching unit (7) is configured to the shape simultaneously can carrying out Quenching Treatment to the reduced thickness portion (52a) of described counterweight and described pin portion.