CN103449298B - Annular hanging beam component and method for hoisting thin-wall cylinder with large-diameter annular opening - Google Patents
Annular hanging beam component and method for hoisting thin-wall cylinder with large-diameter annular opening Download PDFInfo
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- CN103449298B CN103449298B CN201210176985.4A CN201210176985A CN103449298B CN 103449298 B CN103449298 B CN 103449298B CN 201210176985 A CN201210176985 A CN 201210176985A CN 103449298 B CN103449298 B CN 103449298B
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Abstract
An annular hanging beam component comprises the following parts: an annular hanging beam; a plurality of first slings above the annular hanging beam and suitable for connecting to lifting hooks; a plurality of second slings below the annular hanging beam and suitable for connecting a substance to be hanged; and at least one first length adjusting mechanism arranged on at least one first sling and used for adjusting the length of the corresponding first sling. The invention also relates to a method for hoisting a thin-wall cylinder with a large-diameter annular opening. The method comprises the following steps: determining the center of gravity of the thin-wall cylinder; and adjusting the length of at least one first sling to adjust the position of the bearing point of the hook, so that the annular hanging beam is in a horizontal position and that the center of gravity of the thin-wall cylinder body and the bearing point of the hoisting hook are in a same vertical line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spreader assembly and hanging method, particularly relate to annular hanging beam assembly and hanging method that lifting has the thin-wall barrel of major diameter annular opening.
Background technology
Often relating in the fields such as current nuclear power, chemical industry, machinery utilizes annular hanging beam handling to have the thin-wall barrel of major diameter annular opening.
Annex equal distribution for suspended object is uneven thus cause the situation of the non-uniform mass of suspended object, in actual hoisting process, often needs to increase counterweight according to the eccentric situation of suspended object, which increases lifting load, and add hoisting cost.
In addition, the hoist cable of annular hanging beam mostly is length-fixed structure, due to hoist cable processing and manufacturing error, the stressed impact causing the additional load (wind carries) of nonaffine deformation and environment for use of hanging beam lifting, and can easily not carry out sling length adjustment, thus cause by the end opening horizontal accuracy error of lifting object, and affect the right quality of lifting group.
Therefore, there are the needs improving existing annular hanging beam assembly and hanging method.
Summary of the invention
Be intended at least one aspect overcoming or alleviate technical matters of the prior art, propose the present invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of annular hanging beam assembly, comprising: annular hanging beam; Be placed in many first hoist cables above annular hanging beam, be suitable for being connected to suspension hook; Be placed in many second hoist cables below annular hanging beam, be suitable for being connected to suspended object; At least one first length adjustment mechanism, is separately positioned at least one first hoist cable, for regulating the length of the first corresponding hoist cable.
Favourable, described annular hanging beam assembly also comprises at least one second length adjustment mechanism, is separately positioned at least one second hoist cable, for regulating the length of the second corresponding hoist cable.
Favourable, each root second hoist cable is provided with second length adjustment mechanism; And/or each root first hoist cable is provided with first length adjustment mechanism.
Favourable, described annular hanging beam is provided with level measurement device or horizontal indicating device.
Favourable, the first hoist cable is connected to position identical on annular hanging beam with the second corresponding hoist cable.
Further, described annular hanging beam comprises the multiple through holes radially extended along the circumferential direction arranged at equal intervals; Described annular hanging beam assembly comprises the multiple hoist cable connecting devices corresponding with the quantity of the second hoist cable, and each hoist cable connecting device has: bearing pin, through a corresponding through hole; Upper hanger, be connected to the two ends of bearing pin in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam, the first hoist cable is connected with upper hanger; Lower hanger, is connected to the two ends of bearing pin in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam, the second hoist cable is connected with lower hanger.Favourable, described through hole is positioned on the neutral surface on the thickness direction of annular hanging beam.
Or further, described annular hanging beam assembly comprises at least corresponding with the quantity of the second hoist cable multiple hoist cable connecting devices, each hoist cable connecting device has: be set in the circumferential body on annular hanging beam, and described circumferential body is suitable for moving along described annular hanging beam; Be arranged on the upper hanger above circumferential body, the first hoist cable is connected with upper hanger; Be arranged on the lower hanger below circumferential body, the second hoist cable is connected with lower hanger.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of method that lifting has the thin-wall barrel of major diameter annular opening, comprise step: suspension hook is set; Annular hanging beam is set, and the matching form of described annular hanging beam and described annular opening closes; Many first hoist cables are set, one end of many first hoist cables is connected to suspension hook, the other end is connected respectively to multiple primary importances on annular hanging beam; Arrange many second hoist cables, one end of many second hoist cables is connected respectively to multiple second places on described annular hanging beam, the other end is connected to multiple suspension centres on thin-wall barrel, wherein, described method also comprises step: the center of gravity determining described thin-wall barrel; Regulate the length of at least one first hoist cable with the position of the bearing point of adjusting lift hook, described annular hanging beam is horizontal and the bearing point of the center of gravity of described thin-wall barrel and described suspension hook is positioned on same vertical curve.
Favourable, described method also comprises step: regulate the length of at least one second hoist cable to be on vertical direction to make the barrel of thin-wall barrel.
Favourable, in the above-mentioned methods, primary importance is identical with the position of the corresponding second place on annular hanging beam.
Favourable, described annular hanging beam is provided with multiple hoist cable connecting device; The step arranging many second hoist cables comprises: according to the described multiple position of hoist cable connecting device on annular hanging beam of adjustment, position of the hanger on suspended object.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of annular hanging beam assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of hoist cable connecting device according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of hoist cable connecting device according to another embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of sling length regulating mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention, and wherein Fig. 4 a is a schematic side view of sling length regulating mechanism, and Fig. 4 b is the schematic top plan view of the sling length regulating mechanism in Fig. 4 a;
Fig. 5 is a concrete example of suspended object, and wherein the center of gravity of this suspended object overlaps substantially with the longitudinal center of cylindrical shell, and wherein Fig. 5 a is the block diagram of suspended object, and Fig. 5 b is birds-eye view;
Fig. 6 is another concrete example of suspended object, and wherein the center of gravity of this suspended object offsets with the longitudinal center of cylindrical shell due to the annex on suspended object, and wherein Fig. 6 a is the block diagram of suspended object, and Fig. 6 b is birds-eye view;
Fig. 7 is another concrete example of suspended object, and wherein the center of gravity of suspended object offsets with the longitudinal center of cylindrical shell due to the shape of suspended object self, and wherein Fig. 7 a is the schematic perspective view of suspended object, and Fig. 7 b is schematic top plan view.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described below in detail the embodiment of exemplary of the present invention, the example of embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or analogous label represents same or analogous element.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings the embodiment described is exemplary, is intended to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
It is to be noted, here be relative both " major diameter " and " thin-walled ", both expressions influence each other and make to there is wall when lifting because be subject to radially-inwardly and/or radially outer stress and the possibility of being out of shape, concrete, there is situation below in thin-wall barrel of the present invention: the opening diameter due to annular opening is excessive and the wall of cylindrical shell is relatively thin again, thus in hoisting process, when annular opening is subject to radially inner squeese pressure, the annular opening of cylindrical shell or cylindrical shell is easily out of shape.The diameter of annular opening can be 3m-40m.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of annular hanging beam assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in fig. 1, annular hanging beam assembly comprises: annular hanging beam 10; Be placed in many first hoist cables 12 above annular hanging beam 10, be suitable for being connected to suspension hook 16; Be placed in many second hoist cables 14 below annular hanging beam, be suitable for being connected to suspended object (being such as connected to the suspension centre on the thin-wall barrel 70 hereinafter mentioned or suspension hook), wherein: described annular hanging beam assembly also comprises: at least one first length adjustment mechanism 18, be separately positioned at least one first hoist cable, for regulating the length of the first corresponding hoist cable.
According to the size of suspended object suspension centre floor plan diameter circle, the annular hanging beam assembly in Fig. 1 also can comprise annular transitional beam 60, for reducing the radially inner squeese pressure that is applied on annular hanging beam 10 and optimizing the strained condition of annular hanging beam.Annular hanging beam 10 also can be arranged the radial support beam in annular hanging beam plane, to increase the ability that annular hanging beam 10 resists radially inner squeese pressure.
Favourable, described annular hanging beam assembly also can comprise at least one second length adjustment mechanism 20, is separately positioned at least one second hoist cable 14, for regulating the length of the second corresponding hoist cable 14.
Favourable, each root second hoist cable 14 is provided with second length adjustment mechanism 20; And/or each root first hoist cable 12 is provided with first length adjustment mechanism 18.
In the present invention, the second length adjustment mechanism 20 inherently can form the second hoist cable 14.
First length adjustment mechanism and the second length adjustment mechanism can be identical structure.Fig. 4 shows an example of the length adjustment mechanism of hoist cable, and wherein, Fig. 4 a is a schematic side view of sling length regulating mechanism, and Fig. 4 b is the schematic top plan view of the sling length regulating mechanism in Fig. 4 a.As shown in Figure 4, sling length regulating mechanism comprises: the body of rod 1, and the two ends of the body of rod are provided with external screw thread; Be arranged on the handle 2 on the body of rod 1, the body of rod 1 can be rotated by operating handle 2; Be arranged on the attaching parts 3 at the two ends of the body of rod, one end of each attaching parts 3 is provided with the negative thread, the other end that coordinate with this external screw thread and is provided with U-joint 4 and is engaged in the bearing pin 5 for coordinating with hoist cable on U-joint 4.When needing the length regulating hoist cable, directly can rotate the body of rod 1 by Manual operation handle 2, the degree of depth that the rotation of the body of rod 1 causes the two ends of the body of rod 1 to enter in attaching parts 3 changes, thus the hoist length of adjustment hoist cable.
It should be noted that the length adjustment mechanism of hoist cable is not limited to the structure shown in Fig. 4, can also be other any known structures such as chain block, many wheel tackle blocks.
The length of the first hoist cable is regulated by length adjustment mechanism, not only can as the position of the bearing point W of adjustment suspension hook cited below, and can solve because the problem of the discontinuity of thin ancient piece of jade, round, flat and with a hole in its centre container Hoisting Position local that causes of the error of steel rope factory length.
By adjusting the length of the second hoist cable, not only can regulate the stressed of the second hoist cable, the levelness of the end opening of suspended object (as thin-wall barrel) can also be regulated, this can make the installation group of suspended object between gap uniformity, thus improve the assembling quality of suspended object.
Favourable, described annular hanging beam 10 can be provided with level measurement device or horizontal indicating device, such as level indicator (not shown) or the angle index with a scale that is arranged on annular hanging beam.Based on level measurement device or horizontal indicating device, operating personal accurately can know the levelness of annular hanging beam 10.The reading of level measurement device also can be sent to control cabin.
When needing the levelness controlling the annular opening of suspended object or end opening, also level indicator can be set on the annular opening of suspended object or end opening.
Favourable, the first hoist cable 12 is connected to position identical on annular hanging beam 10 with the second corresponding hoist cable 14.So, in the position that this is identical, the force balance upwards that the downward application force that the second hoist cable applies annular hanging beam is applied annular hanging beam by the first hoist cable.
As shown in fig. 1, described annular hanging beam 10 comprises the multiple through holes 22 radially extended along the circumferential direction arranged at equal intervals; Described annular hanging beam assembly comprises the multiple hoist cable connecting devices corresponding with the quantity of the second hoist cable 14, and as shown in Figure 2, each hoist cable connecting device 15 has: bearing pin 24, through a corresponding through hole 22; Upper hanger 26, be connected to the two ends of bearing pin 24 in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam 10, the first hoist cable 12 is connected with upper hanger 26; Lower hanger 28, be connected to the two ends of bearing pin 24 in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam 10, the second hoist cable 14 is connected with lower hanger 28.
As shown in fig. 1, favourable, described through hole 22 is positioned on the neutral surface on the thickness direction of annular hanging beam 10.This contributes to reducing the adverse effect of through hole 22 to the intensity of annular hanging beam 10 as much as possible.
Also through hole can not be set on annular hanging beam 10, but directly hoist cable connecting device be socketed on annular hanging beam 10 slidably.Concrete, as shown in Figure 3, each hoist cable connecting device has: be set in the circumferential body 30 on annular hanging beam, and described circumferential body 30 is suitable for moving along described annular hanging beam 10; Upper hanger 32, first hoist cable 12 be arranged on above circumferential body 30 is connected with upper hanger 32; Lower hanger 34, second hoist cable 14 be arranged on below circumferential body 30 is connected with lower hanger 34.This not only avoids the adverse effect of through hole 22 to the intensity of annular hanging beam 10, and hoist cable connecting device can be moved to the position of circumferentially any expectation of annular hanging beam 10, thus be conducive to aliging with the suspension centre of the diverse location of suspended object.Circumferential body 30 can comprise can bolted upper and lower semi-body each other, and circumferential body 30 itself also can be the annular solid formed by welding.Circumferential body 30 forms annular space 36 and is suitable for being enclosed within annular hanging beam 10.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method that lifting has the thin-wall barrel of major diameter annular opening, comprise step:
Suspension hook 16 is set;
Annular hanging beam 10 is set, closes with the matching form of described annular opening, such as, the diameter of annular hanging beam and the diameter of annular opening roughly equal;
Many first hoist cables 12 are set, one end of many first hoist cables is connected to suspension hook, the other end is connected respectively to multiple primary importances on annular hanging beam;
Many second hoist cables 14 are set, one end of many second hoist cables is connected respectively to multiple second places on described annular hanging beam, the other end is connected to multiple suspension centres on suspended object;
Determine the center of gravity of described thin-wall barrel;
Regulate the length of at least one first hoist cable 12 with the position of the bearing point W of adjusting lift hook 16, described annular hanging beam 10 is horizontal and the bearing point of the center of gravity of described thin-wall barrel and described suspension hook is positioned on same vertical curve, such as, on the vertical dotted line L in Fig. 1.
Because annular hanging beam 10 is horizontal and the bearing point of the center of gravity of described thin-wall barrel and described suspension hook is positioned on same vertical curve, so, in lifting process, increase the situation of counterweight according to the eccentric situation of suspended object in prior art, thin-wall barrel can be prevented in a straightforward manner because the situation of deflection does not appear in center of gravity and bearing point on a vertical curve, and reduce the deflection of thin-wall barrel in hoisting process and the distortion of the annular opening of thin-wall barrel that causes.
Annular opening for thin-wall barrel 70 is not level or the situation perpendicular to barrel, situation (wherein the center of gravity of suspended object does not overlap with its longitudinal center) such as shown in Fig. 7, can also regulate the length of at least one second hoist cable 14 to be on vertical direction when lifting to make the barrel of thin-wall barrel.In addition, for thin-wall barrel itself end opening need dock with other containers when, said method can also adjust the levelness of container assemblies end opening, make the installation group of suspended object between gap uniformity, thus raising suspended object assembling quality.
When the center of gravity of thin-wall barrel 70 is positioned at the longitudinal center of thin-wall barrel, as shown in Figure 5, make the length of each root second hoist cable mutually the same, and the length of each root first hoist cable is mutually the same, just can realizes described annular hanging beam and be horizontal and the barrel of thin-wall barrel is positioned on vertical direction.Now, the bearing point of suspension hook 16 and the center of gravity of suspended object are on a vertical curve.
Illustrate in Fig. 6 that the center of gravity of thin-wall barrel 70 is not positioned at the situation of the longitudinal center of thin-wall barrel; thin-wall barrel itself is similar with the thin-wall barrel in Fig. 5; but; the thin-wall barrel in Fig. 6 is provided with other accessories 71; these accessories cause the center of gravity of the thin-wall barrel being provided with this accessory and the longitudinal center of thin-wall barrel to offset, as shown in Figure 6.For this reason, in the length of the second hoist cable mutually the same and the length of the first hoist cable is mutually the same, because the longitudinal center of the center of gravity and thin-wall barrel that are provided with the thin-wall barrel of this accessory offsets, so, deflection will be there is instead of keep level in annular hanging beam 10, and the deflection of annular hanging beam can cause the direction shape at the barrel place of the second hoist cable and thin-wall barrel at an angle, thus the annular opening of thin-wall barrel is caused to be subject to radially-inwardly and/or radially outer stress.In the case, if regulate/regulate the length of the first hoist cable to make annular hanging beam maintenance level in advance and the bearing point of suspension hook 16 be provided with the center of gravity of thin-wall barrel of this accessory on a vertical curve, then the second hoist cable only applies pulling force upwards to the annular opening of thin-wall barrel, in hoisting process, thin-wall barrel also there will not be deflection, thus avoids the distortion of the annular opening of thin-wall barrel.
Favourable, described annular hanging beam can be provided with multiple hoist cable connecting device; And the step arranging many second hoist cables comprises: according to the described multiple position of hoist cable connecting device on annular hanging beam of adjustment, position of the hanger on thin-wall barrel.So, hoist cable connecting device can be selected to be positioned at appropriate location on annular hanging beam, to ensure or substantially to ensure that each root second hoist cable is all roughly on vertical direction in the process of lifting thin-wall barrel.In addition, because the position of hoist cable connecting device can be selected, so same annular hanging beam goes for the lifting work of the roughly the same different thin-walled pressure vessels of annular opening diameter.
Here hoist cable connecting device also can be the structure shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 above mentioned.
It should be noted that, although use the statement of " thin-wall barrel with major diameter annular opening " in the present invention, but, here thin-wall barrel not only can have circular cross section, other shape can also be had, such as have rectangular cross section or oval cross section, namely " annular " is not limited to circle.In addition, " thin-wall barrel " is here not merely thin-wall barrel, but also can comprise the parts that can be attached on thin-wall barrel, such as shown in Figure 6.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can change these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.Applicable scope of the present invention is by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (15)
1. an annular hanging beam assembly, comprising:
Annular hanging beam;
Be placed in many first hoist cables above annular hanging beam, be suitable for being connected to suspension hook;
Be placed in many second hoist cables below annular hanging beam, be suitable for being connected to suspended object,
Wherein:
Described annular hanging beam assembly also comprises:
At least one first length adjustment mechanism, is separately positioned at least one first hoist cable, for regulating the length of the first corresponding hoist cable with the center of circle of the position and annular hanging beam that make annular hanging beam maintenance level and the bearing point of suspension hook at vertical direction not conllinear.
2. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
Described annular hanging beam assembly also comprises at least one second length adjustment mechanism, is separately positioned at least one second hoist cable, for regulating the length of the second corresponding hoist cable.
3. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
Each root first hoist cable is provided with first length adjustment mechanism.
4. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 2, wherein:
Each root second hoist cable is provided with second length adjustment mechanism.
5. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
Described annular hanging beam is provided with level measurement device or horizontal indicating device.
6. the annular hanging beam assembly according to any one of claim 1-5, wherein:
First hoist cable is connected to position identical on annular hanging beam with the second corresponding hoist cable.
7. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 6, wherein:
Described annular hanging beam comprises the multiple through holes radially extended along the circumferential direction arranged at equal intervals;
Described annular hanging beam assembly comprises the multiple hoist cable connecting devices corresponding with the quantity of the second hoist cable, and each hoist cable connecting device has: bearing pin, through a corresponding through hole; Upper hanger, be connected to the two ends of bearing pin in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam, the first hoist cable is connected with upper hanger; Lower hanger, is connected to the two ends of bearing pin in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam, the second hoist cable is connected with lower hanger.
8. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 7, wherein:
Described through hole is positioned on the neutral surface on the thickness direction of annular hanging beam.
9. annular hanging beam assembly according to claim 6, wherein:
Described annular hanging beam assembly comprises at least corresponding with the quantity of the second hoist cable multiple hoist cable connecting devices, and each hoist cable connecting device has: be set in the circumferential body on annular hanging beam, and described circumferential body is suitable for moving along described annular hanging beam; Be arranged on the upper hanger above circumferential body, the first hoist cable is connected with upper hanger; Be arranged on the lower hanger below circumferential body, the second hoist cable is connected with lower hanger.
10. lifting has a method for the thin-wall barrel of major diameter annular opening, comprises step:
Suspension hook is set;
Annular hanging beam is set, and the matching form of described annular hanging beam and described annular opening closes;
Many first hoist cables are set, one end of many first hoist cables is connected to suspension hook, the other end is connected respectively to multiple primary importances on annular hanging beam;
Many second hoist cables are set, one end of many second hoist cables are connected respectively to multiple second places on described annular hanging beam, the other end is connected to multiple suspension centres on thin-wall barrel,
Wherein, described method also comprises step:
Determine the center of gravity of described thin-wall barrel;
Regulate the length of at least one first hoist cable with the position of the bearing point of adjusting lift hook, described annular hanging beam is horizontal and the bearing point of the center of gravity of described thin-wall barrel and described suspension hook is positioned on same vertical curve.
11. methods according to claim 10, also comprise step:
The length of at least one second hoist cable is regulated to be on vertical direction to make the barrel of thin-wall barrel.
12. methods according to claim 10, wherein:
Primary importance is identical with the position of the corresponding second place on annular hanging beam.
13. methods according to any one of claim 10-12, wherein:
Described annular hanging beam is provided with multiple hoist cable connecting device;
The step arranging many second hoist cables comprises: according to the described multiple position of hoist cable connecting device on annular hanging beam of adjustment, position of the hanger on thin-wall barrel.
14. methods according to claim 13, wherein:
Described annular hanging beam comprises the multiple through holes radially extended along the circumferential direction arranged at equal intervals;
Each hoist cable connecting device has: bearing pin, through a corresponding through hole; Upper hanger, be connected to the two ends of bearing pin in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam, the first hoist cable is connected with upper hanger; Lower hanger, is connected to the two ends of bearing pin in the both sides of the radial direction of described annular hanging beam, the second hoist cable is connected with lower hanger.
15. methods according to claim 13, wherein:
Each hoist cable connecting device has: be set in the circumferential body on annular hanging beam, and described circumferential body is suitable for moving along described annular hanging beam; Be arranged on the upper hanger above circumferential body, the first hoist cable is connected with upper hanger; Be arranged on the lower hanger below circumferential body, the second hoist cable is connected with lower hanger.
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CN103950818B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-05-18 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Type mouth boom hoisting and type mouth tackling system |
CN103910280A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-09 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Hoisting rigging and hoisting method thereof |
CN108238542A (en) * | 2018-01-27 | 2018-07-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of accurate Lift-on/Lift-off System and method of work for large scale equipment assembling |
CN109896416A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-18 | 燕山大学 | Parallel institution posture adjustment suspender based on Wire driven robot |
CN112061951A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-12-11 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Lifting appliance and method for lifting turbine rear casing by using same |
CN110294401B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-09-08 | 扬州市神力吊具制造有限公司 | Tower hoisting equipment |
CN112551342A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-26 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Prefabricated staircase hoist |
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DE2721947A1 (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1978-11-23 | Peiner Masch Schrauben | Freight container spreader for single hook crane - has ropes to frame corners with hydraulic cylinders for levelling |
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