CN103446774A - Distillation and condensation energy-saving technology based on heat pump technology - Google Patents
Distillation and condensation energy-saving technology based on heat pump technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103446774A CN103446774A CN2013103129414A CN201310312941A CN103446774A CN 103446774 A CN103446774 A CN 103446774A CN 2013103129414 A CN2013103129414 A CN 2013103129414A CN 201310312941 A CN201310312941 A CN 201310312941A CN 103446774 A CN103446774 A CN 103446774A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distillation and condensation energy-saving technology based on a heat pump technology. The distillation and condensation energy-saving technology comprises the procedures that a raw material absorbs heat from a heat pump to achieve a preheating effect after being injected into a preheater; the preheated raw material absorbs the heat from the heat pump after being injected into a distiller, so that the temperature of the preheated raw material is further increased; one part of the raw material is evaporated, and another part of the raw material is changed into waste with afterheat; after the waste with the afterheat is injected into a heat storage device, the heat of the waste is brought away by the heat pump, and finally, the waste is discharged from the heat storage device; gas evaporated from the distiller is injected into a condenser; the heat of the gas is absorbed by the heat pump, and then the gas is changed into a liquid product which is discharged by the condenser; meanwhile, non-condensed gas is also discharged by the condenser; furthermore, the distiller is provided with a gas inlet for adjusting pressure in the distiller, so that a boiling point of the raw material can be controlled, and requirements on producing different products can be met. According to the distillation and condensation energy-saving technology, potential heat and sensible heat of a product can be fully recycled and used, and sensible heat of the waste can be fully recycled and used; the heat energy carried by the raw material can be fully exploited.
Description
Invention field
The invention belongs to the Chemical Engineering Process Control field, be specifically related to a kind of distillation condensation energy-saving technique based on heat pump techniques.
background of invention
Distillation is a kind of thermodynamics separating technology, utilizes each component boiling point difference in mixing material or liquid-solid system, make the low boiling component evaporation, then condensation is to separate the unit process of whole component.Distillation relates to evaporation and two kinds of operations of condensation.Other separation means, as: extraction, absorption etc. often need to use system components other solvent in addition.Therefore, the advantage of the way of distillation is not need to introduce new impurity.Distillation has several forms.The first, the purpose of simple distillation is mixed liquor is vaporized gradually and make the lock out operation of the timely condensation of steam with Fractional Collections, for example: manufacture the solid impurity that distilled water wherein dissolves with place to go, also have, manufacture Spirit to concentrate alcohol, remove part moisture.The second, rectifying (fractionation) is to carry out repeatedly part vaporization and partial condensation in an equipment, to separate liquefied mixture, wherein, realizes the lock out operation of high-purity and high-recovery by refluxing.For each component volatilization degree, equate or close mixed liquor, in order to increase the relative volatility between each component, can when rectifying separates, add solvent or salt, this class lock out operation is called special distillation, comprising sequence of constant boiling and rectification, extracting rectifying and salt adding rectifying; Also have chemical reaction occurs between each component of mixed liquor when rectifying, be called reactive distillation.Rectifying is most widely used general, such as: oil can be isolated to the various ingredients such as gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and heavy oil through fractionation.Therefore, distillating method has very important application in industrial production and people's daily life.The 3rd, distillation is by being subject to the once lock out operation of part vaporization by the liquid mixture heating.Usually, liquid mixture is heated to uniform temperature under certain pressure, then injects the lower lower container of stage pressure, dilatation suddenly makes partially liq be vaporizated into the process of steam.The system that a plurality of such processes form claims multistage flash evaporation.It is one of major way of manufacturing distilled water or desalinization.Distillation is the power consumption process, and the application of heat recovery technology is very crucial.Waste heat refers to the limitation of factors such as being subject to history, technology, theory, in the energy-dissipating device put into operation, the sensible heat that original design is not used appropriately and latent heat comprise: high-temp waste gas waste heat, cooling medium waste heat, waste vapour waste water residual heat, high-temperature product and afterheat of slags, chemical reaction waste heat, combustible exhaust gas waste liquid and waste material waste heat etc.According to investigation, the waste heat total resources of every profession and trade account for 17% ~ 67% of its fuel consumption total amount, and the residual heat resources of recoverable are about 60% of waste heat total resources.
The recycling approach of waste heat is a lot.In general, the comprehensive utilization waste heat is best, is secondly direct utilization, is indirect utilization again.Except high-quality thermal source has important use, in fact, low temperature also can be used for heating or utilize absorption heat pump to improve the quantity of heat or temperature for producing and life.The waste heat recovery apparatus brief review is as follows.The first, the heat pipe waste-heat recoverer, be to utilize the efficient heat transfer characteristic of heat pipe and the heat-exchanger rig that environmental suitability is manufactured thereof, and is mainly used in the industrial energy saving field, can extensively reclaim the discarded thermal source be present in gaseous state, liquid state, solid state medium.Second, various types of heat exchangers, basically can divide three major types according to principle and the mode of cold and hot fluid exchange heat: dividing wall type, hybrid and heat accumulating type, in Chemical Manufacture, heat exchanger can be used as heater, cooler, condenser, evaporimeter and reboiler etc., is widely used.
Current heat recovery technology mainly is based on and heat is sent to traditional UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN technology of cryogenic substance from the high temperature material.According to the second law of thermodynamics, under nature, heat all can only forward cold place to by the heat place forever, has irreversibility.Therefore, traditional heat recovery technology reaches cold and hot two ends and reaches under certain poised state, can not take full advantage of waste heat.These heat recovery technologies can be summarized as the passive type heat recovery technology.
Heat pump is that a kind of high potential that utilizes makes heat flow to the device of high-order thermal source from low level heat energy.Heat pump can extract heat for heat supply from low-temperature heat source.The heating load of heat pump is far longer than the mechanical energy that it consumes, heat pump techniques is a kind of power-saving technology of low temperature heat thus, be a kind of active heat transfer technology, can take full advantage of low-grade heat source, and common heat recovery technology be difficult to utilize low-grade heat source.Energy based on heat pump techniques reclaims, and is the class new and high technology that environment is got energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of distillation condensation energy-saving technique based on heat pump techniques is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
Step (1) raw material injects preheater, and the heat absorbed from heat pump reaches pre-heat effect;
Step (2) is injected distiller by the raw material after the preheater preheating, raw material absorbs the heat from heat pump, regulate the distiller internal pressure by the air inlet (gas outlet) of distiller simultaneously, control the boiling point of raw material, the temperature of raw material is further raise, the part material evaporation, another part raw material becomes the waste material injection thermal storage device that band has surplus heat;
The temperature of the waste material in step (3) thermal storage device is taken away by heat pump, and when the temperature of waste material, during lower than predetermined temperature, thermal storage device is discharged waste material, and described predetermined temperature is determined according to actual conditions or concrete technology.
Become gaseous state by liquid state after the part raw materials evaporate in step (4) distiller and produce phase transformation, the gas of generation is injected in condenser, and its heat is siphoned away by heat pump, again undergo phase transition, and gas liquefy product, product is discharged by condenser; The fixed gas simultaneously do not undergone phase transition in distiller is discharged from condenser.
The gas that in described distiller, the part material phase transformation generates is the gaseous product of separating through raw material, has higher temperature, and its heat is siphoned away and be transported to preheater in condenser by heat pump, pass to raw material; The auxiliary preheating material of this heat for preheater, and the raw material after preheating is injected to distiller, form the heat circulation.
The waste material that in described distiller, band has surplus heat injects thermal storage device, and the temperature of the waste material in thermal storage device is siphoned away and is transported in distiller by heat pump, passes to raw material, for the auxiliary heating raw material, forms the heat circulation.
The present invention utilizes heat pump techniques absorb heat and transfer heat to the characteristic in hot junction from cold junction, makes the low grade residual heat of cold junction material be fully utilized, and even the heat of cryogenic substance can be transferred to the high temperature material, is that a class saves exsertile technique.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1. the present invention is reclaimed the latent heat of product and sensible heat and utilized fully.
2. the present invention is reclaimed the sensible heat of waste material and utilized fully.
3. heat pump techniques allows heat absorbing end (cold junction) and heats end (hot junction) that the larger temperature difference is arranged, and be not subject to the restriction of refrigerant temperature in heat pump, it is a kind of active heat transfer type, and traditional heat transfer technology is the passive type heat transfer technology, be subject to the restriction of refrigerant temperature, that is to say, heat pump techniques only is responsible for the heat of heat absorbing end is transported to and heats end, rather than the heat of dependence refrigerant self, therefore, heat pump techniques is in heat recovery with in utilizing, and efficiency is the recuperation of heat mode based on heat transfer technology higher than tradition significantly.
4. the present invention allows the temperature of product and waste material to be less than out and away the temperature of raw material, fully exploited the self-contained heat energy of raw material, and the heat energy of raw material self comes from environment, and therefore, this technique is that environment is got energy technology, environmental protection, obvious energy conservation in essence.
5. the present invention is more general distillation condensation process, is applicable to producing different chemical products and daily necessities, such as: the techniques such as alcohol fractionation, medical distilled water, desalinization.
In sum, the present invention, for the widely used distil process of chemical process provides effective energy saving technique scheme, has good practical value and versatility.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is base apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is base apparatus of the present invention and the technique application schematic diagram in the desalinization field.
In figure, the first heat pump 1, the second heat pump 2.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
Step (1) raw material injects preheater, and the heat absorbed from the second heat pump 2 reaches pre-heat effect;
Step (2) is injected distiller by the raw material after the preheater preheating, raw material absorbs the heat from the first heat pump 1, regulate the distiller internal pressure by the air inlet (gas outlet) of distiller simultaneously, control the boiling point of raw material, the temperature of raw material is further raise, the part material evaporation, another part raw material becomes the waste material injection thermal storage device that band has surplus heat;
The temperature of the waste material in step (3) thermal storage device is taken away by the first heat pump 1, and when the temperature of waste material, during lower than predetermined temperature, thermal storage device is discharged waste material, and described predetermined temperature is determined according to actual conditions or concrete technology.
Become gaseous state by liquid state after the part raw materials evaporate in step (4) distiller and produce phase transformation, the gas of generation is injected in condenser, and its heat is siphoned away by the second heat pump 2, again undergo phase transition, and gas liquefy product, product is discharged by condenser; The fixed gas simultaneously do not undergone phase transition in distiller is discharged from condenser.
The gas that in described distiller, the part material phase transformation generates is the gaseous product of separating through raw material, has higher temperature, and its heat is siphoned away and be transported to preheater by the second heat pump 2 in condenser, passes to raw material; The auxiliary preheating material of this heat for preheater, and the raw material after preheating is injected to distiller, form the heat circulation.
The waste material that in described distiller, band has surplus heat injects thermal storage device, and the temperature of the waste material in thermal storage device is siphoned away and is transported in distiller by the first heat pump 1, passes to raw material, for the auxiliary heating raw material, forms the heat circulation.
As shown in Figure 1, a clock base apparatus of technique of the present invention comprises distiller, condenser, preheater, thermal storage device, the first heat pump 1 and the second heat pump 2.Preheater heats end with raw material pipeline, preheating material pipeline, the second heat pump 2 and is connected, distiller heats end and is connected with band waste heat waste pipe, preheating material pipeline, boil-off gas pipeline, admission line, the first heat pump 1, and condenser is connected with boil-off gas pipeline, product pipeline, non-condensable gas pipeline, the second heat pump 2 heat absorbing end; Thermal storage device is connected with band waste heat waste pipe, waste pipe, the first heat pump 1 heat absorbing end; Wherein preheater is connected by the preheating material pipeline with distiller, and distiller is connected by band waste heat waste pipe with thermal storage device, and distiller is connected by the boil-off gas pipeline with condenser.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, in conjunction with its base apparatus, the application in desalinization field is as follows again in the present invention:
Step (1) seawater raw material injects preheater, and the heat absorbed from the second heat pump 2 reaches pre-heat effect;
Step (2) is injected distiller by the seawater after the preheater preheating, Absorption by Sea Water is from the heat of the first heat pump 1, regulate the distiller internal pressure by the air inlet (gas outlet) of distiller simultaneously, control the boiling point of seawater, the temperature of seawater is further raise, the part evaporation of seawater, another part seawater becomes the strong brine injection thermal storage device that band has surplus heat;
The temperature of the strong brine in step (3) thermal storage device is taken away by the first heat pump 1, and when the temperature of strong brine, during lower than predetermined temperature, thermal storage device is discharged the waste material seawater;
Become gaseous state by liquid state after part seawater low-temperature evaporation in step (4) distiller and produce phase transformation, the gas of generation is injected in condenser, and its heat is siphoned away by the second heat pump 2, again undergoes phase transition, and gas becomes fresh water and discharged by condenser; The fixed gas (air) simultaneously do not undergone phase transition in distiller is discharged from condenser.
Wherein, the gas that in distiller, the phase transformation of part seawater generates is the steam of separating through seawater, has higher temperature, and its heat is siphoned away and be transported to preheater by the second heat pump 2 in condenser, passes to seawater; The auxiliary pre-hot sea water of this heat for preheater, and the seawater after preheating is injected to distiller, form the heat circulation.
The strong brine that in distiller, band has surplus heat injects thermal storage device, and in thermal storage device, the temperature of strong brine is siphoned away and is transported in distiller by the first heat pump 1, passes to seawater, for the auxiliary heating seawater, forms the heat circulation.
The temperature of described the second heat pump 2 heat absorbing end (refrigeration) is far smaller than and heats end (heating), in condenser, the temperature of fresh water is much smaller than the temperature of preheater Raw seawater, the present invention not only absorbs the latent heat of fresh water fully, and the recovery utilization rate of sensible heat is much larger than common heat exchange mode.Secondly, in thermal storage device, strong brine has higher temperature, and sensible heat is siphoned away and be transported to distiller by the first heat pump 1, and then passes to pre-hot sea water.The temperature of the first heat pump 1 heat absorbing end is far smaller than and heats end, and in thermal storage device, the temperature of strong brine is much smaller than the temperature of seawater in distiller, and the present invention has fully used the sensible heat of strong brine, and its recovery utilization rate is much larger than common heat exchange mode.
The fresh water that the present invention discharges and the temperature of waste material can be less than the temperature of raw material seawater.In other words, the self-contained sensible heat (from natural environment and solar energy) of raw material seawater is taken full advantage of by the present invention, thereby has reduced widely the needed additional thermal energy of desalination process based on the distillation mode.Therefore, the energy-saving effect of this desalination process scheme is very remarkable.
Claims (3)
1. the distillation condensation energy-saving technique based on heat pump techniques, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step (1) raw material injects preheater, and the heat absorbed from heat pump reaches pre-heat effect;
Step (2) is injected distiller by the raw material after the preheater preheating, raw material absorbs the heat from heat pump, regulate the distiller internal pressure by the air inlet of distiller simultaneously, control the boiling point of raw material, the temperature of raw material is further raise, the part material evaporation, another part raw material becomes the waste material injection thermal storage device that band has surplus heat;
The temperature of the waste material in step (3) thermal storage device is taken away by heat pump, and when the temperature of waste material, during lower than predetermined temperature, thermal storage device is discharged waste material, and described predetermined temperature is determined according to actual conditions or concrete technology;
Become gaseous state by liquid state after the part raw materials evaporate in step (4) distiller and produce phase transformation, the gas of generation is injected in condenser, and its heat is siphoned away by heat pump, again undergo phase transition, and gas liquefy product, product is discharged by condenser; The fixed gas simultaneously do not undergone phase transition in distiller is discharged from condenser.
2. to go 1 described a kind of distillation condensation energy-saving technique based on heat pump techniques as right, it is characterized in that the gas that in described distiller, the part material phase transformation generates is the gaseous product of separating through raw material, the heat of this gaseous product is siphoned away and is transported to preheater in condenser by heat pump, pass to raw material; The auxiliary preheating material of this heat for preheater, and the raw material after preheating is injected to distiller, form the heat circulation.
3. to go 1 described a kind of distillation condensation energy-saving technique based on heat pump techniques as right, it is characterized in that the waste material that in described distiller, band has surplus heat injects thermal storage device, the temperature of the waste material in thermal storage device is siphoned away and is transported in distiller by heat pump, pass to raw material, for the auxiliary heating raw material, form the heat circulation.
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Cited By (5)
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CN104383704A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-03-04 | 燕山大学 | Step heating method and heating system for preheating of gas fractionating tower inlet material |
CN107253743A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-10-17 | 张琦 | A kind of device and preparation method that contaminant water is cleaned into drinking water |
CN109312938A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2019-02-05 | 马西亚斯·恩泽霍菲 | Moisture management device drinks water generation system and method |
CN112694145A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-23 | 苏州翔云节能科技有限公司 | Energy-saving industrial wastewater concentration device and industrial wastewater concentration method |
CN112742052A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-05-04 | 安徽金禾实业股份有限公司 | Continuous distillation equipment of heat sensitive material |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104383704A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-03-04 | 燕山大学 | Step heating method and heating system for preheating of gas fractionating tower inlet material |
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CN112742052A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-05-04 | 安徽金禾实业股份有限公司 | Continuous distillation equipment of heat sensitive material |
CN112694145A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-23 | 苏州翔云节能科技有限公司 | Energy-saving industrial wastewater concentration device and industrial wastewater concentration method |
CN112694145B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-02-28 | 苏州翔云节能科技有限公司 | Energy-saving industrial wastewater concentration device and industrial wastewater concentration method |
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Effective date of registration: 20170802 Address after: 310019, room 2, building 211, building 9, nine Sheng Lu, Jianggan District, Zhejiang,, Hangzhou Patentee after: Hangzhou Australia automation equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 442001 Shiyan province Hubei City Park Zhangwan District Road No. 49 building 3, unit 1, No. 101 Patentee before: Li Shaobing |
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