CN102910694A - System and method for continuous production two-stage heat pump sea water desalinization - Google Patents
System and method for continuous production two-stage heat pump sea water desalinization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of energy and power and discloses a system and a method for continuous production two-stage heat pump sea water desalinization. The system comprises a sea water desalinization subsystem and a two-stage heat pump circulation subsystem. The sea water desalinization subsystem sequentially comprises a preheater (1), a circulating pump (15), a third shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14), a condenser (2), a gas-liquid separator (3), an evaporator (4), a first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5), a second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6), a fresh water tank (8) and a vacuum pump (7) according to the natural sea water flow direction. The two-stage heat pump circulation subsystem sequentially comprises a compressor (12), an oil separator (10), the condenser (2), the third shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14), a working medium tank (11), a first throttle valve (9), a second throttle valve (13), the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5), the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6), a dryer (17) and the evaporator (4) according to the organic working medium flow direction. The system has the advantages of low energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous production double stage heat pump seawater desalination system and method, belong to the energy and power engineering field.
Background technology
The exploitation and using of seawater resource, the development desalination technology, nervous for solving partial area fresh water, promote the global economy coordinated development to have important value.Desalination technology is through for many years development, and it is ripe that its technology has become.Common method for desalting seawater mainly contains: multistage flash evaporation method, low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, reverse osmosis method and cold method.More than in the various desalination technologies, the fresh water inferior quality that reverse osmosis method and cold method obtain, though the fresh water quality that distillation method and flash method obtain is higher, energy consumption is higher.
Analyze above-mentioned desalination technology characteristics as seen, it is a key that keeps the fresh water quality that evaporation of seawater steam carries out condensation, and evaporation of seawater latent heat is large and recovery utilization rate low be the emphasis that causes its high energy consumption.
There are a large amount of thermal loads in the vaporizer of heat pump cycle and condenser, the COP of conventional heat pump cycle is much larger than 1, if can utilize the condenser of heat pump cycle to be used for the evaporation of heating nature seawater, and the vaporizer that utilizes heat pump cycle is recycled the latent heat of vapor condensation, then this technology not only can obtain high-quality fresh water, and system energy consumption is not high.
Existing investigator proposes to utilize heat pump to carry out the system schema of sea water desaltination.Namely utilize working medium vaporizer and the working medium condenser of heat pump subsystem, as initial seawater vaporizer and the fresh water condenser of sea water desaltination subsystem, this system only needs to consume a small amount of compression power consumption or regeneration steam, has the advantage of less energy-consumption.Yet because under the condition of normal pressure, the nature seawater condensate depression is larger, it is preheated near the boiling point, needs to consume a large amount of heat energy.If the employing heat pump cycle requires the load of working medium vaporizer much smaller than the load of condenser, and general single-stage heat pump cycle is difficult to directly reach this coupling requirement, has the excessive problem of condenser duty; Although can utilize the higher condensation fresh water of temperature and concentrated seawater sensible heat, initial natural fresh water is carried out preheating.But owing to having a narrow range of temperature of fresh water, concentrated seawater and initial natural seawater, the single-phase Recuperative heat exchanger preheating of simple employing exists the coefficient of heat transfer not high, arranges the huge problem of heat interchanging area, and not obvious to the pre-heat effect of nature seawater, it fully can not be preheated near saturated.Therefore, consider that the load of heat pump cycle and seawater desalination system is difficult to satisfy and directly mates requirement to crossing the abundant preheating of cold nature seawater, so conventional heat pump sea water desalination system adopts the mode of operation of Discontinuous manufacture more.
If can improve the heat pump cycle scheme, make its condenser and Load Evaporator and sea water desaltination subsystem demands coupling, then discontinuous input and output material mode can be developed into the continuous mode of production, this not only less energy-consumption of heat pump sea water desalination system, and interchanger is mainly phase-change heat-exchanger, therefore also has the characteristics of compact construction.Based on above thinking, the present invention researchs and proposes a kind of continuous production double stage heat pump seawater desalination system and method, is used for realizing the less energy-consumption sea water desaltination.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of continuous production double stage heat pump seawater desalination system and method.
This system's method for desalting seawater mainly comprises following three processes.
One, vacuum:
Close the second spherical valve and the 3rd spherical valve, open the first spherical valve, utilize vacuum pump that seawater desalination system is evacuated to absolute pressure and be 7.4kPa, be not less than 40 ℃ to guarantee the evaporation of seawater temperature, under this operating mode, the systems technology economic performance is best.Close afterwards the first spherical valve;
Two, desalting process:
Open the 3rd spherical valve; Under system's inside and outside differential pressure effect, to cross cold nature seawater and enter the preheater cold side by the 3rd spherical valve, temperature improves behind recovery fresh water and the concentrated seawater sensible heat; Enter the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger cold side through recycle pump again, absorb the organic working medium condensation latent heat, be preheated near saturated; Enter afterwards the condenser cold side again and evaporate, the product after the evaporation enters gas-liquid separator and carries out gas-liquid separation; The liquid phase concentrated seawater that separates, is cooled off by working medium through the hot side of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger the nature seawater preheating through preheater the first hot side again, then enters environment through the second spherical valve; Become saturated fresh water after the gas phase water vapour that separates is condensed by the hot side of vaporizer, pass through again preheater the second hot side to the nature seawater preheating, cooled off by working medium finally by crossing the hot side of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger, enter the fresh water storage tank;
Three, double stage heat pump evaporative condenser process:
Organic working medium process compressor is divided into two-way through oil separator after boosting and heating up again, and one the tunnel enters condenser, and to impelling its evaporation near saturated nature seawater heating, self is condensed into liquid phase; Another road enters the hot side of the 3rd case tube heat exchanger the nature seawater with certain condensate depression is carried out preheating, and self is condensed into liquid phase; Enter the working medium tank from the liquid phase organic working medium of condenser and the hot side outlet of the 3rd case tube heat exchanger; Working medium tank outlet organic working medium is divided into two-way: the one tunnel through after the first throttle valve step-down cooling, and enters the vaporizer cold side through moisture eliminator water vapor is entered condensation, and self is heated evaporation;
The sensible heat of fresh water and concentrated seawater then by the first case tube heat exchanger cold side, the second case tube heat exchanger cold side, is reclaimed after lowering the temperature through the second throttling valve step-down in another road, and organic working medium is heated evaporation.Enter compressor from the gaseous state organic working medium of the second case tube heat exchanger and evaporator outlet, beginning next round heat pump cycle.
The second stage vaporizer of above-mentioned Two-stage Heat Pump System is the first case tube heat exchanger and the second case tube heat exchanger, second stage condenser is the 3rd case tube heat exchanger, by second stage heat pump cycle, nature seawater can fully reclaim the sensible heat of fresh water and concentrated seawater, satisfy simultaneously the coupling requirement of evaporation of seawater load and fresh water condensation load, thereby can realize producing continuously fresh water.
In the said system working process, because the tow taste heat that the fresh water condensation process discharges utilize by being mainly the nature seawater evaporative process after the heat pump cycle lifting, and this system only needs to consume a small amount of compressor power consumption and vacuum pump power consumption.Therefore this system has high COP.
The interchanger that said system adopts is mainly the higher phase-change heat-exchanger of the coefficient of heat transfer except preheater, so heat exchanger structure is compact.Although preheater is single-phase heat exchanger, to compare with the interchanger in the other system, its heat transfer temperature difference is large, and thermal load is low, and heat interchanging area is also little.In addition, the double stage heat pump cycle subsystem is used single compressor and oil separator, only regulates the service temperature of double stage heat pump by changing the throttling valve pressure drop.Therefore, this entire system technical process is comparatively simple.
Said system needs to adopt vacuum pump that the sea water desaltination subsystem is evacuated to the certain vacuum degree before starting operation.Can reduce the preheater load, guarantee lower evaporation of seawater temperature.Whole system is near ambient temperature work, and processing safety is higher.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 produces the double stage heat pump seawater desalination system continuously
Number in the figure title: 1, preheater, 2, condenser, 3, gas-liquid separator, 4, vaporizer, the 5, first shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the 6, second shell-and-tube heat exchanger, 7, vacuum pump, 8, fresh water tank 9, first throttle valve, 10, oil separator, 11, working medium tank, 12, compressor, the 13, second throttling valve, 14, the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger, 15, recycle pump, the 16, first spherical valve, 17, moisture eliminator, the 18, second spherical valve, the 19, the 3rd spherical valve.
Embodiment
The operational process of continuous production double stage heat pump seawater desalination system is described below with reference to Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 produces the double stage heat pump seawater desalination system continuously.Before this system's initial start-up operation, need to open the first spherical valve 16, close the second spherical valve 18 and the 3rd spherical valve 19, utilize 7 pairs of sea water desaltination subsystems of vacuum pump to vacuumize, until reach certain requirement.
Then, close vacuum pump 7, close the first spherical valve 16.Open the second spherical valve 18, nature seawater sucks preheater 1 cold side under the inside and outside differential pressure effect, treat to reach the certain liquid height in the gas-liquid separator 3 of sea water desaltination subsystem, open the second spherical valve 18, guarantee that simultaneously concentrated seawater can not be inhaled into gas-liquid separator 3 by the second spherical valve 18; At last, start heat pump cycle subsystem compressor 12, wherein in the heat pump cycle the second throttling valve 13 step-down cooling extents greater than first throttle valve 9, until heat pump subsystem and sea water desaltination subsystem reach the stable flux matched requirement of energy.So far, this double stage heat pump seawater desalination system enters the continuous production phase.
Claims (2)
1. produce continuously the double stage heat pump seawater desalination system for one kind, it is characterized in that being formed by following structure:
Seawater links to each other with preheater (1) cold side entrance through the 3rd spherical valve (19), the outlet of preheater (1) cold side links to each other with the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14) cold side entrance through recycle pump (15), the outlet of the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14) cold side links to each other with condenser (2) cold side entrance, the outlet of condenser (2) cold side links to each other with gas-liquid separator (3) entrance, the gaseous phase outlet of gas-liquid separator (3) links to each other with the hot side entrance of vaporizer (4), the hot side outlet of vaporizer (4) links to each other with preheater (1) second hot side entrance, preheater (1) second hot side outlet links to each other with the hot side entrance of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6), and the hot side outlet of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6) links to each other with fresh water storage tank (8) entrance; The liquid-phase outlet of gas-liquid separator (3) links to each other with preheater (1) first hot side entrance, preheater (1) first hot side outlet links to each other with the hot side entrance of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5), and the hot side outlet of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5) enters environment through the second spherical valve (18);
Compressor (12) outlet links to each other with oil separator (10) entrance, and oil separator (10) exports and is divided into two-way: the first via links to each other with the hot side entrance of condenser (2), and the second the tunnel links to each other with the hot side entrance of the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14); The hot side outlet of condenser (2) links to each other with working medium container for storing liquid (11) entrance, and the hot side outlet of the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14) links to each other with working medium container for storing liquid (11) entrance;
Working medium container for storing liquid (11) outlet is divided into two-way, and the first via links to each other with first throttle valve (9) entrance, and the second the tunnel links to each other with the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5) cold side entrance through the second throttling valve (13); First throttle valve (9) outlet links to each other with moisture eliminator (17), vaporizer (4) cold side entrance successively, and the outlet of vaporizer (4) cold side links to each other with compressor (12) entrance; The outlet of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5) cold side links to each other with the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6) cold side entrance, and the outlet of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6) cold side links to each other with compressor (12) entrance;
Vacuum pump (7) links to each other with fresh water storage tank (8) vacuum orifice through the first spherical valve (16).
2. the method for desalting seawater of continuous production double stage heat pump seawater desalination system according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising following process:
One, vacuum:
Close the second spherical valve (18) and the 3rd spherical valve (19), open the first spherical valve (16), utilize vacuum pump (7) that seawater desalination system is evacuated to absolute pressure and be not less than 7.4kPa, close afterwards the first spherical valve (16);
Two, desalting process:
Open the 3rd spherical valve (19); Under system's inside and outside differential pressure effect, to cross cold nature seawater and enter preheater (1) cold side by the 3rd spherical valve (19), temperature improves behind recovery fresh water and the concentrated seawater sensible heat; Pass through again recycle pump (15) and enter the 3rd shell-and-tube heat exchanger (14) cold side, absorb the organic working medium condensation latent heat, be preheated near saturated; Enter afterwards condenser (2) cold side again and evaporate, the product after the evaporation enters gas-liquid separator (3) and carries out gas-liquid separation; The liquid phase concentrated seawater that separates, is cooled off by working medium through the hot side of the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger (5) the nature seawater preheating through preheater (1) first hot side again, then enters environment through the second spherical valve (18); Become saturated fresh water after the gas phase water vapour that separates is condensed by the hot side of vaporizer (4), pass through again preheater (1) second hot side to the nature seawater preheating, cooled off by working medium finally by crossing the hot side of the second shell-and-tube heat exchanger (6), enter fresh water storage tank (8);
Three, double stage heat pump evaporative condenser process:
Organic working medium process compressor (12) passes through oil separator (10) again and is divided into two-way after boosting and heating up, and one the tunnel enters condenser (2), and to impelling its evaporation near saturated nature seawater heating, self is condensed into liquid phase; Another road enters the hot side of the 3rd case tube heat exchanger (14) nature seawater with certain condensate depression is carried out preheating, and self is condensed into liquid phase; Enter working medium tank (11) from the liquid phase organic working medium of condenser and the hot side outlet of the 3rd case tube heat exchanger; Working medium tank outlet organic working medium is divided into two-way: the one tunnel through after first throttle valve (9) the step-down cooling, and enters vaporizer (4) cold side through moisture eliminator (17) water vapor is entered condensation, and self is heated evaporation;
The sensible heat of fresh water and concentrated seawater then by the first case tube heat exchanger (5) cold side, the second case tube heat exchanger (6) cold side, is reclaimed after lowering the temperature through the second throttling valve (13) step-down in another road, and organic working medium is heated evaporation; Enter compressor (12) from the second case tube heat exchanger (6) and the gaseous state organic working medium that vaporizer (4) exports, beginning next round heat pump cycle.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103446774A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-12-18 | 李少兵 | Distillation and condensation energy-saving technology based on heat pump technology |
| CN106348372A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-25 | 侴乔力 | Multistage flash evaporation process independently driven by recycled heat of steam condensation source heat pump |
| CN108203129A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Heat pump driven injection type negative pressure desalination plant and method |
| CN108408805A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Heat pump sea water desalination coproduction electric system and method |
| CN115403203A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-29 | 青岛百发海水淡化有限公司 | High-reliability seawater desalination device |
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| CN108203129B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2021-06-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Injection type negative pressure seawater desalination device driven by heat pump and method |
| CN108408805A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Heat pump sea water desalination coproduction electric system and method |
| CN115403203A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-29 | 青岛百发海水淡化有限公司 | High-reliability seawater desalination device |
| CN115403203B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-09-15 | 青岛海水淡化有限公司 | High-reliability sea water desalting device |
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