CN102797525A - Low-temperature Rankine circulation system employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium variable components - Google Patents
Low-temperature Rankine circulation system employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium variable components Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature Rankine circulation system employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium variable components. An evaporator is provided with a heat source inlet, a heat source outlet, a basic component working medium inlet and a basic component working medium outlet. The inlet of a steam-liquid separator is connected with the working medium outlet of the evaporator; the inlet of a steam turbine or an expansion machine is connected with a steam outlet for steam in the upper part of the steam-liquid separator; a power generator is coaxially connected with the steam turbine or the expansion machine; the inlet of a preheater is connected with an outlet for liquid in the lower part of the steam-liquid separator; a high-temperature liquid outlet is connected with the inlet of a throttle valve; the outlet of the preheater is connected with the working medium inlet of the evaporator; the working medium inlet is connected with the outlet of a circulating pump; the inlet of a mixer is connected with the steam outlet of the steam turbine or the expansion machine and the outlet of the throttle valve respectively; the low-temperature working medium inlet of a condenser is connected with the low-temperature working medium outlet of the mixer; the working medium liquid outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump; and the cold source inlet and the cold source outlet of the condenser are connected with a cold source. Through the low-temperature Rankine circulation system, the structure of the steam turbine can be simplified, the cost can be reduced, and the circulation efficiency can be improved obviously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low temperature ranking cycle system.Particularly relate to a kind of low temperature ranking cycle system that adopts the non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component.
Background technique
Low-temperature heat source is meant that generally temperature is lower than 150 ℃ low-grade energy, and this type heat energy kind is numerous, such as new energy and various waste heats such as solar energy, geothermal poweies.The low grade residual heat resource is also of a great variety; Quantity is huge, and as a large amount of low-temperature flue gas that produce in iron and steel, petrochemical industry, the cement industry production process, hot water, steam etc., these low-grade energies mostly can not directly be utilized again; Recycle this part energy; Can reduce energy consumption, can reduce environmental pollution again, reach the energy-saving and emission-reduction effect.The low boiling organic working medium is adopted in the organic Rankine circulation; Be the effective ways of recycling low-temperature energy sources; Current organic Rankine circulating technology developing direction is to improve system effectiveness; So research mainly concentrates in suitable working medium selection and the system optimization to the organic Rankine circuit at present, and mostly based on pure working medium.Its alternating temperature evaporation characteristic adopts non-azeotropic mixed working medium, owing to can better be mated with temperature-variable heat source; Thereby minimizing irreversible loss; Improve average endothermic temperature, can reclaim the thermal source heat to greatest extent, but its condensation exothermic process also there is temperature glide; Improved average exothermic temperature simultaneously, so the thermal efficiency is not high yet.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is; Provide a kind of under identical thermal source and low-temperature receiver condition; Make full use of the non-azeotropic mixed working medium characteristic,, can significantly improve the low temperature ranking cycle system of the employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component of cycle efficiency through becoming component.
The technological scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of low temperature ranking cycle system that adopts the non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component includes:
Vaporizer, described vaporizer are formed with thermal source inlet and the thermal source outlet that links to each other with thermal source, also are formed with solvent working medium inlet and solvent sender property outlet;
Gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid two-phase working medium inlet of said gas-liquid separator links to each other with the solvent sender property outlet of described vaporizer through pipeline;
Steam turbine or decompressor, the gas access of described steam turbine or decompressor connect the high component saturated vapour outlet of the upper gas of gas-liquid separator through pipeline;
Generator, described generator are with described steam turbine or decompressor is coaxial is connected;
Preheater; The high temperature saturated solution inlet of described preheater connects the low component saturated solution outlet of the bottom liquid of gas-liquid separator through pipeline; The high-temp liquid outlet connects the inlet of throttle valve through pipeline; The high pressure solvent sender property outlet of preheater enters the mouth through the working medium that pipeline connects vaporizer, and high pressure solvent working medium inlet connects outlet of circulating pump through pipeline;
Mixer, the inlet of described mixer connect steam turbine or the gas outlet of decompressor and the outlet of throttle valve through pipeline respectively;
Condenser; The low temperature solvent working medium inlet of said condenser connects the low temperature solvent sender property outlet of mixer through pipeline; The outlet of the saturated solvent working medium of the low temperature of condenser liquid is through the inlet of pipeline connection recycle pump, and outlet all is connected low-temperature receiver to the low-temperature receiver inlet of said condenser with low-temperature receiver.
Cycle fluid adopts two kinds of non-azeotropic mixed working mediums that the pure matter of different boiling mixes.
The low temperature ranking cycle system of employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component of the present invention, characteristics that have and beneficial effect:
1) adopts non-azeotropic mixed working medium, under the level pressure condition, temperature glide is arranged during phase transformation, can better mate, reduce irreversible loss with temperature-variable heat source;
2) different proportioning mixed working fluids have different pressures level, transport property, can simplify steam turbine (or decompressor) structure, reduce cost;
3) under thermal source and low-temperature receiver certain condition, when utilizing non-azeotropic mixed working medium to balance each other, gas phase and liquid phase have the characteristic of different components, can improve the average endothermic temperature of circuit and reduce average exothermic temperature, thereby can significantly improve cycle efficiency;
4) for the low more thermal source of temperature, what the cycle efficiency of employing system of the present invention improved is many more obvious more;
5) the present invention can transform on common organic rankine cycle system, need not to increase excessive cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the low temperature ranking cycle system pie graph that adopts the non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component.
Among the figure
1: steam turbine/decompressor 2: mixer
3: condenser 4: recycle pump
5: vaporizer 6: gas-liquid separator
7: preheater 8: throttle valve
9: generator 10: the thermal source inlet
11: thermal source outlet 12: the low-temperature receiver inlet
13: low-temperature receiver outlet 14: solvent sender property outlet
15: solvent working medium inlet 16: gas-liquid two-phase working medium inlet
17: low component saturated solution outlet 18: high component saturated vapour outlet
19: steam inlet 20: steam (vapor) outlet
21: high temperature saturated solution inlet 22: the high-temp liquid outlet
23: high pressure solvent sender property outlet 24: high pressure solvent working medium inlet
25: low temperature solvent sender property outlet 26: low temperature solvent working medium inlet
27: the outlet of the saturated solvent working medium of low temperature liquid
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the low temperature ranking cycle system of employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component of the present invention is made detailed description.
The low temperature ranking cycle system of employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component of the present invention; Include: vaporizer 5; Described vaporizer 5 is formed with the thermal source inlet 10 and thermal source outlet 11 that links to each other with thermal source, also is formed with solvent working medium inlet 15 and solvent sender property outlet 14; Gas-liquid separator 6, the gas-liquid two-phase working medium inlet 16 of said gas-liquid separator 6 links to each other with the solvent sender property outlet 14 of described vaporizer 5 through pipeline; Steam turbine 1, the gas access 19 of described steam turbine 1 connect the high component saturated vapour outlet 18 of the upper gas of gas-liquid separator 6 through pipeline; Generator 9, described generator 9 and described 1 coaxial connection of steam turbine; Preheater 7; The high temperature saturated solution inlet 21 of described preheater 7 connects the low component saturated solution outlet 17 of the bottom liquid of gas-liquid separator 6 through pipeline; High-temp liquid outlet 22 connects the inlet of throttle valve 8 through pipeline; The high pressure solvent sender property outlet 23 of preheater 7 enters the mouth 15 through the working medium that pipeline connects vaporizer 5, and high pressure solvent working medium inlet 24 connects the outlet of recycle pump 4 through pipeline; Mixer 2, the inlet of described mixer 2 connect the gas outlet 20 of steam turbine 1 and the outlet of throttle valve 8 through pipeline respectively; Condenser 3; The low temperature solvent working medium inlet 26 of said condenser 3 connects the low temperature solvent sender property outlet 25 of mixer 2 through pipeline; The outlet 27 of the saturated solvent working medium of the low temperature of condenser 3 liquid makes gas-liquid separator 6 bottom high-temp liquids 17 pass through the working medium that preheater 7 preheatings get into vaporizer 5 through the inlet of pipeline connection recycle pump 4.The low-temperature receiver inlet 12 of said condenser 3 all is connected low-temperature receiver with low-temperature receiver outlet 13.
The low temperature ranking cycle system of employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component of the present invention can also be the steam turbine that adopts among decompressor replacement Fig. 1.
The present invention adopts the basic principle of the low temperature ranking cycle system of non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component to be: non-azeotropic mixed working medium (being mixed by a certain percentage by two kinds of pure working medium of different boiling) absorbs the thermal source heat of vaporization through vaporizer; Produce HTHP gas-liquid two-phase mixed working fluid; Get into gas-liquid separator then, be separated into HTHP saturated vapour mixed working fluid that is rich in low boiling component and the HTHP saturated liquids mixed working fluid that is rich in high boiling component, the saturated vapour mixed working fluid gets into steam turbine (or decompressor) expansion acting and drives generator for electricity generation; The saturated liquids mixed working fluid gets into preheater; Cooling back is through the throttle valve step-down, gets into mixer then and mixes with exhaust steam from steam turbine, gets into condenser then and is condensed into saturated liquid state; After boosting through recycle pump again; Get into the preheater preheating, get into vaporizer again, accomplish a circulation with this.
Be described further through the low temperature ranking cycle system of specific embodiment below employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component of the present invention:
Thermal source is selected 85 ℃ of geothermal water for use, and mass flow rate 1kg/s, low-temperature receiver select 20 ℃ of tap water for use; Inflation process is regarded as constant entropy expansion in the steam turbine, and compression process is regarded as isentropic Compression in the recycle pump, and heat exchanger is pure adverse current form; Minimum heat transfer temperature difference is taken as 5 ℃, ignores system and leaks heat.Cycle fluid is selected the binary non-azeotropic mixed working medium of being made up of R227ea and R601, the physical parameter such as the table 1 of the pure working medium of constituent element for use.
The physical parameter of the pure working medium of table 1 constituent element
According to cycle calculations, the foregoing description have related parameter and cycle performance index as shown in table 2.
Table 2 embodiment circulatory system parameter
Title | Circulatory system parameter |
Evaporator outlet steam, steam turbine inlet steam, separator outlet fluid temperature/℃ | 80 |
Evaporator outlet steam, steam turbine inlet steam, separator outlet fluid pressure/MPa | 0.826 |
Evaporator outlet working medium flow/kgs -1 | 0.5155 |
Steam turbine inlet working medium flow/kgs -1 | 0.2062 |
Separator bottom liquid working medium flow/kgs -1 | 0.3093 |
Steam turbine outlet exhaust steam temperature/℃ | 50 |
Steam turbine outlet exhaust steam pressure/MPa | 0.247 |
Working medium temperature behind the throttle valve/℃ | 30.4 |
Condenser inlet working medium temperature/℃ | 34.4 |
Condensator outlet working medium temperature/ |
25 |
Evaporator inlet working medium temperature/℃ | 58.7 |
The average evaporating temperature of cycling hot mechanics/℃ | 75.7 |
The average condensing temperature of cycling hot mechanics/℃ | 29.4 |
Vaporizer heat load/KW | 46.53 |
Steam turbine output work/KW | 4.69 |
Recycle pump power consumption/KW | 0.31 |
Clean output work/KW circulates | 4.38 |
The circulatory system thermal efficiency/% | 9.41 |
Under identical thermal source and low-temperature receiver condition, if adopt the R227ea/R601 mixed working fluid Rankine cycle with proportioning, average evaporating temperature is 68.7 ℃, 38.4 ℃ of average condensing temperatures; Cycle efficiency 7.09% is under identical evaporation and condensing temperature, if adopt pure working medium R227ea; Cycle efficiency is 7.47%, adopts pure working medium R601, and cycle efficiency is 8.03%; And after adopting mixed working medium changing component Rankine cycle system, cycle efficiency is 9.41%, this shows that the present invention can significantly improve cycle efficiency.
Claims (2)
1. a low temperature ranking cycle system that adopts the non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component is characterized in that, includes:
Vaporizer (5), described vaporizer (5) are formed with thermal source inlet (10) and the thermal source outlet (11) that links to each other with thermal source, also are formed with solvent working medium inlet (15) and solvent sender property outlet (14);
Gas-liquid separator (6), the gas-liquid two-phase working medium inlet (16) of said gas-liquid separator (6) links to each other with the solvent sender property outlet (14) of described vaporizer (5) through pipeline;
Steam turbine or decompressor (1), the gas access (19) of described steam turbine or decompressor (1) connect the high component saturated vapour outlet (18) of the upper gas of gas-liquid separator (6) through pipeline;
Generator (9), described generator (9) and described steam turbine or coaxial connection of decompressor (1);
Preheater (7); The high temperature saturated solution inlet (21) of described preheater (7) connects the low component saturated solution outlet (17) of the bottom liquid of gas-liquid separator (6) through pipeline; High-temp liquid outlet (22) connects the inlet of throttle valve (8) through pipeline; The high pressure solvent sender property outlet (23) of preheater (7) enters the mouth (15) through the working medium that pipeline connects vaporizer (5), and high pressure solvent working medium inlet (24) connects the outlet of recycle pump (4) through pipeline;
Mixer (2), the inlet of described mixer (2) connect steam turbine or the gas outlet (20) of decompressor (1) and the outlet of throttle valve (8) through pipeline respectively;
Condenser (3); The low temperature solvent working medium inlet (26) of said condenser (3) connects the low temperature solvent sender property outlet (25) of mixer (2) through pipeline; The saturated solvent working medium of the low temperature liquid outlet (27) of condenser (3) is through the inlet of pipeline connection recycle pump (4), and the low-temperature receiver inlet (12) of said condenser (3) all is connected low-temperature receiver with low-temperature receiver outlet (13).
2. the low temperature ranking cycle system of employing non-azeotropic mixed working medium changing component according to claim 1 is characterized in that, cycle fluid adopts two kinds of non-azeotropic mixed working mediums that the pure matter of different boiling mixes.
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CN101666250A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2010-03-10 | 天津大学 | System for improving low-temperature heat source power generation capacity by using injection pump |
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