CN103444407A - Annual double cropping efficient planting pattern of triticale and purple yam in Huang-Huai region - Google Patents
Annual double cropping efficient planting pattern of triticale and purple yam in Huang-Huai region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an annual double cropping efficient planting pattern of triticale and purple yam in a Huang-Huai region, and belongs to the filed of crop planting. The plating pattern comprises the following steps: selection of new varieties of the triticale and the purple yam, timely sowing, field management, disease and pest control, harvest time and manner. Water, nutrients and light and heat resources in the Huang-Huai region are explored, the triticale is harvested in summer, and then the purple yam is harvested after crop rotation in autumn, so that the land cropping index is improved, the agricultural income per unit area of land is increased, and the income is increased by 2500-3000 yuan per acre usually; meanwhile, the continuous cropping obstacles of yam in the region are overcome. The economic income of special economic crops and special grain crops planted by rotation is obviously higher than that of pure grain crops or pure economic crops, and the economic benefits are very substantial.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to China's Huang-Huai Area crop growing mode field, relate in particular to a kind of Huang-Huai Area triticale and purple Chinese yam two crops a year high-efficient planting patterns processed.
Background technology
The polynary multiple cropping crop planting model of China's Huang-Huai Area is long-standing, and growing along with high-efficiency agriculture continued to optimize cropping pattern, improves the inexorable trend that the unit are benefit has become the high-efficiency agriculture development.The traditional cropping pattern of China's Huang-Huai Area be receive summer a harvest wheat, crop rotation in autumn receive again one season maize/soybean/peanut/sweet potato etc., be the two crops a year production of hybrid seeds implant model of cereal crops on traditional sense.Simultaneously Huang-Huai Area is again one of main producing region of China's wheat and Chinese yam, has plenty of rain, and sunshine is abundant, and soil is deep, and quality is loose, thus weather and soil condition all suitable spy through the growth of special grain crop.In addition, this area's human resources are abundant, and the peasant has traditional habit and the practical operation experience of plantation two crops a year fabrication.The improved seeds that the triticale filtered out, purple Chinese yam new varieties are current domestic plantation, high and stable yield, strong stress resistance, good product quality, the market price is high and stable, and the triticale stable yield is at 500-600kg/ mu, purple Chinese yam stable yield is at 1500-2000kg/ mu, but efficient triticale and purple Chinese yam are combined, and on the same soil, the crop rotation plantation, form a kind of two crops a year high-efficient planting patterns processed and there is no precedent.
Summary of the invention
In order to take full advantage of moisture, nutrient and photo-thermal resource, effectively improve cropping index and the yield per unit area of this area, the invention provides and a kind ofly be suitable for China's Huang-Huai Area triticale and purple Chinese yam two crops a year ratch is made high-efficient planting patterns.This kind of plantation special through special grain crop economy income apparently higher than pure grain or pure economic crops, triticale and purple Chinese yam general every mu of the high-efficient planting patterns processed that yields two crops a year can increase income 2500-3000 unit, economic benefit is very considerable.
The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: a kind of Huang-Huai Area triticale and purple Chinese yam two crops a year high-efficient planting patterns processed; Concrete grammar is:
(1) purple Chinese yam two-stages seeding: 15-25 day in April, select the purple medicine of Xu Nong, Huangyan purple to transplant the purple Chinese yam new varieties such as medicine, improving purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with two-stages seeding, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, is autumn purple Chinese yam high-quality, highly efficient and productive laying the first stone;
Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing standard is the 50-60g/ piece, then with carbendazim or mancozeb original powder and quicklime powder, in the 1:3 ratio, mixes and dresses seed and bask seeds; The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately with 3 films (booth, small arched shed, mulch film) propagating seeding in cold frame; Other the unnecessary side shoot of rear removal of emerging, stay a major branch, plants into land for growing field crops after waiting the triticale results in batches;
(2) triticale results: 5-10 day in June, the triticale full seed, maturity 90-95%, while being suitable for mechanized harvest, select the grain header results, and the grain loss rate is controlled at 1-3%; Triticale to firm results is processed into rye benevolence, rye is flat or the inner wrapping such as rye meal is sold in batches;
(3) purple Chinese yam is planted: 11-15 day in June, purple Chinese yam seedling stays a major branch seedling while planting, and removes other unnecessary side shoot seedling; Stay the purple Chinese yam seedling of major branch to plant and require ridge culture, row spacing is 85-90cm, the high 28-28cm in ridge, and spacing in the rows is 28-30cm, the rear cultivation seedling that first waters, density is 2500/mu; While planting, by 5% carbosulfan granule and 3% phoxim granule mixed in equal amounts, 2-2.5kg/ mu is spreaded manuer in holes, or the 30% Phoxim microcapsule agent of 1:5 dips in root 5 minutes, for preventing and treating the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub;
(4) purple Chinese yam field management:
The purple Chinese yam tiller phase: purple Chinese yam seedling can spray 500 times of Acetochlors or the herbicide butachlor of sealing process, 3 barrels every mu, every barrel of 15kg after planting; Before purple Chinese yam seedling does not seal ridge, when weeds grow to 3-5 leaf phase spraying agent quizalofop-ethyl or the weed killer herbicides such as haloxyfop-P-methyl or glyphosate isopropyl amine salt or cover grass energy or prometryn; Late July is the purple Chinese yam tiller phase, with the rotary tillage, ridging integrated cultivator, carries out 1-2 intertillage, weeding, ridging operation, and coordinate topdress, dispenser etc., play the effect to purple Chinese yam banking up soil moisture conservation;
Cauline leaf growth animated period: require purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, colony is sane, puts up the high yield shelf, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length; Be cauline leaf growth animated period August, by biochemical preparation prevention and control cauline leaf excessive growth phenomenons such as paclobutrazol, S 3307, mepiquat chloride, chlormequats; Use 2 kinds of liquids of Prochloraz or benzene miaow methyl cyclic-azole or penta oxazolone and mancozeb or carbendazim or tpn and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, control Chinese yam anthracnose;
The quick expanding stage of potato piece: require the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, preventing disease and pest, short potato piece expands soon; Be the quick expanding stage of potato piece September, by control cauline leaf early ageing phenomenons such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates;
(5) purple Chinese yam harvesting: 15-20 day in November, purple Chinese yam leaf look is gradually by the green thin out Huang that turns, and the upper and lower color of the leather of potato piece approaches by Zhejiang, is tending towards ripe; Gather in the crops purple Chinese yam with the purple Chinese yam harvesting device of semicircle, when transportation handling accomplishes that four is light, gently takes, puts down gently, with light packs, light fortune; 0.2-0.3kg/ piece is one-level, makes the commodity potato and sells;>0.3kg/ piece and part breakage or damage by disease and insect are secondary, are used as to process raw material;<0.2kg/ piece is three grades, and it is standby that next year is done the potato seed storage.To 1000-1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectant for purple Chinese yam potato seed, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, make sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed; Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃;
(6) triticale sowing: 21-25 day October in sowing time, as if select the precious No. 1 triticale new product breeding such as wheat 20 of Luo, to guarantee that black Caulis et Folium Tritici aestivi is complete, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out; Broadcast front strict use 30% thimet or No. 1 wheat seed coating agent seed dressing thoroughly airing; Soil moisture content is moderate, the machine sowing of essence amount, and 18-20kg/ mu, broadcast rear suppression once;
(7) triticale field management:
The safe overwintering phase: be the triticale safe overwintering phase November-February next year then, is mainly on complete at seedling, that seedling is even basis, strives that triticale early sends out strong sprout, and short root increases tiller; Looked into seedling and fill a vacancy, early execute seed manure, intertillage is loosened the soil, chemical weed control etc.;
Jointing-booting stage: the next year 3-4 month is the triticale jointing-booting stage, is mainly to promote to tiller differentiation, controls basal internode long, increases the little Hua number, improves ripening rate; To execute ingeniously jointing, booting fertilizer, and suitably water according to soil regime and the growth of cereal crop seedlings; Prevent the triticale lodging with paclobutrazol pulvis 33-50g/ mu;
The flowering maturing stage: the next year 5-6 month is the triticale flowering maturing stage, is mainly to support root to protect leaf that anti-early ageing strives that the large grain of grain is full; Water the water of blooming, be in the milk in good time, take and maintain field capacity and carry out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing as 70-80%; Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% etc. at Early filling stage, every mu of consumption 50kg carries out spray leaf fertilizer; Also will be to the anti-worm of curing the disease of triticale, to 50% carbendazim or the control of 50% topsin pulvis for head blight; To every mu of 8-9g of triadimefon for rust; Can be with every mu of 6-8g of 50% Aphox pulvis or 40% Rogor 10-15g to aphid; Banded sclerotial blight is selected to jinggangmycin.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, utilize triticale, purple Chinese yam new varieties, excavate Huang-Huai Area moisture content, nutrient and photo-thermal resource, receive season triticale, crop rotation in autumn 1 year summer and receive again purple Chinese yam of a season, improve the soil cropping index, increase the agricultural income of Land Units area, general every mu can increase income 2500-3000 unit, has also overcome the problem of this area's Chinese yam continuous cropping obstacle simultaneously.The crop rotation plantation is special to be taken in apparently higher than pure grain or pure economic crops through special grain crop economy, and economic benefit is very considerable.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further illustrate of the present invention, are not limitations of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Within 2011, at Feng County, Cao Zhuan village, large Shahe town, Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province Feng County tripterygium hypoglaucum hutch potato industry Specialty Co-operative Organization, implement 55 mu of triticale, purple Chinese yam two crops a year high-efficient planting patterns processed.
(1) purple Chinese yam two-stages seeding: 15-16 day in April, select the purple Chinese yam new varieties of the purple medicine of Xu Nong, improve purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with two-stages seeding, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, be autumn purple Chinese yam high-quality, highly efficient and productive laying a solid foundation.
Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing standard is the 50-60g/ piece.Then mix and dress seed and bask seeds in the 1:3 ratio with carbendazim original powder and quicklime powder.The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately with 3 films (booth, small arched shed, mulch film) propagating seeding in cold frame.Other the unnecessary side shoot of rear removal of emerging, stay a major branch, plants into land for growing field crops after waiting the triticale results in batches.
(2) triticale results: 5-6 day in June, the triticale full seed, maturity 90-95%, while being suitable for mechanized harvest, select the combined wheat harvester results, and the grain loss rate will be controlled at 1-3%.Triticale to firm results is processed into rye benevolence, rye is flat or the inner wrapping such as rye meal is sold in batches.
(3) purple Chinese yam is planted: 11-13 day in June, purple Chinese yam seedling will stay a major branch seedling while planting, and removes other unnecessary side shoot seedling.Stay the purple Chinese yam seedling of major branch to plant General Requirements ridge culture, row spacing is 85-90cm, the high 28-28cm in ridge, and spacing in the rows is 28-30cm, the rear cultivation seedling that first waters, density is 2500/mu.To spread manuer in holes with 5% carbosulfan granule and 3% phoxim granule mixed in equal amounts 2-2.5kg/ mu while planting, can prevent and treat the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub.
(4) purple Chinese yam field management:
The purple Chinese yam tiller phase: purple Chinese yam seedling can spray 500 times of Acetochlor weed killer herbicides of sealing process, 3 barrels every mu, every barrel of 15kg after planting.Before purple Chinese yam seedling does not seal ridge, when weeds grow to 3-5 leaf phase spraying agent quizalofop-ethyl weed killer herbicide.Late July is the purple Chinese yam tiller phase, with the rotary tillage, ridging integrated cultivator, carries out 1-2 intertillage, weeding, ridging operation, and coordinate topdress, dispenser etc., can play the effect to purple Chinese yam banking up soil moisture conservation.
Cauline leaf growth animated period: require purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, colony is sane, puts up the high yield shelf, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length.Be cauline leaf growth animated period August, by paclobutrazol prevention and control cauline leaf excessive growth phenomenon.Use 2 kinds of liquids of Prochloraz and mancozeb and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, can effectively prevent and treat Chinese yam anthracnose.
The quick expanding stage of potato piece: require the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, preventing disease and pest, short potato piece expands soon.Be the quick expanding stage of potato piece September, by control cauline leaf early ageing phenomenons such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates.
(5) purple Chinese yam harvesting: 15-18 day in November, purple Chinese yam leaf look is gradually by the green thin out Huang that turns, and the upper and lower color of the leather of potato piece approaches by Zhejiang, is tending towards ripe.The purple Chinese yam harvesting device of available semicircle is gathered in the crops purple Chinese yam, and when transportation handling accomplishes that four is light, gently takes, puts down gently, with light packs, light fortune.0.2-0.3kg/ piece is one-level, makes the commodity potato and sells;>0.3kg/ piece and part breakage or damage by disease and insect are secondary, are used as to process raw material;<0.2kg/ piece is three grades, and it is standby that next year is done the potato seed storage.Purple Chinese yam potato seed will, with 1000-1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectant, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, be made sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed.Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃.
(6) triticale sowing: 21-22 day in October, select the precious No. 1 triticale new varieties of Luo, selected breeding, improve essence amount machine sowing technology, guarantees that black Caulis et Folium Tritici aestivi is complete, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out.Broadcast front strict use 30% thimet seed dressing thoroughly airing.Soil moisture content is moderate, the machine sowing of essence amount, and 18-20kg/ mu, broadcast rear suppression once.
(7) triticale field management:
The safe overwintering phase: be the triticale safe overwintering phase November-February next year then, is mainly on complete at seedling, that seedling is even basis, strives that triticale early sends out strong sprout, and short root increases tiller.Looked into seedling and fill a vacancy, early execute seed manure, intertillage is loosened the soil, chemical weed control etc.
Jointing-booting stage: the next year 3-4 month is the triticale jointing-booting stage, is mainly to promote to tiller differentiation, controls basal internode long, increases the little Hua number, improves ripening rate.To execute ingeniously jointing, booting fertilizer, and suitably water according to soil regime and the growth of cereal crop seedlings.Prevent the triticale available paclobutrazol pulvis 33-50g/ mu that lodges.
The flowering maturing stage: the next year 5-6 month is the triticale flowering maturing stage, is mainly to support root to protect leaf that anti-early ageing strives that the large grain of grain is full.Water the water of blooming, be in the milk in good time, take and maintain field capacity and carry out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing as 70-80%.Generally at Early filling stage, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% etc., every mu of consumption 50kg carries out spray leaf fertilizer.Also to, to the anti-worm of curing the disease of triticale, to head blight, can prevent and treat with 50% powder of carbendazim; Can be with every mu of 8-9g of triadimefon to rust; Can be with every mu of 6-8g of 50% Aphox pulvis to aphid; Banded sclerotial blight is generally selected to jinggangmycin.
Embodiment 2:
2012 ox horn village, Xiuyu District Cai market town, Xiuqian City, Jiangsu Province Chu all ecological agriculture scientific and technological development Co., Ltd implement yield two crops a year 260 mu of high-efficient planting patterns processed of triticale, purple Chinese yam.
(1) purple Chinese yam two-stages seeding: 20-25 day in April, select the Huangyan purple to transplant the medicine new varieties, improve purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with two-stages seeding, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, be autumn purple Chinese yam high-quality, highly efficient and productive laying a solid foundation.
Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing standard is the 50-60g/ piece.Then mix and dress seed and bask seeds in the 1:3 ratio with mancozeb original powder and quicklime powder.The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately with 3 films (booth, small arched shed, mulch film) propagating seeding in cold frame.Other the unnecessary side shoot of rear removal of emerging, stay a major branch, plants into land for growing field crops after waiting the triticale results in batches.
(2) triticale results: 8-10 day in June, the triticale full seed, maturity 90-95%, while being suitable for mechanized harvest, select the combined wheat harvester results, and the grain loss rate will be controlled at 1-3%.Triticale to firm results is processed into rye benevolence, rye is flat or the inner wrapping such as rye meal is sold in batches.
(3) purple Chinese yam is planted: 12-15 day in June, purple Chinese yam seedling will stay a major branch seedling while planting, and removes other unnecessary side shoot seedling.Stay the purple Chinese yam seedling of major branch to plant General Requirements ridge culture, row spacing is 85-90cm, the high 28-28cm in ridge, and spacing in the rows is 28-30cm, the rear cultivation seedling that first waters, density is 2500/mu.To dip in root 5 minutes with the 30% Phoxim microcapsule agent of 1:5 while planting, can prevent and treat the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub.
(4) purple Chinese yam field management:
The purple Chinese yam tiller phase: purple Chinese yam seedling can spray 500 times of herbicide butachlors of sealing process, 3 barrels every mu, every barrel of 15kg after planting.Before purple Chinese yam seedling does not seal ridge, when growing to the 3-5 leaf phase, weeds spray the glyphosate isopropyl amine salt weed killer herbicide.Late July is the purple Chinese yam tiller phase, with the rotary tillage, ridging integrated cultivator, carries out 1-2 intertillage, weeding, ridging operation, and coordinate topdress, dispenser etc., can play the effect to purple Chinese yam banking up soil moisture conservation.
Cauline leaf growth animated period: require purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, colony is sane, puts up the high yield shelf, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length.Be cauline leaf growth animated period August, by mepiquat chloride prevention and control cauline leaf excessive growth phenomenon.Use 2 kinds of liquids of benzene miaow methyl cyclic-azole and tpn and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, can effectively prevent and treat Chinese yam anthracnose.
The quick expanding stage of potato piece: require the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, preventing disease and pest, short potato piece expands soon.Be the quick expanding stage of potato piece September, by control cauline leaf early ageing phenomenons such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates.
(5) purple Chinese yam harvesting: 17-20 day in November, purple Chinese yam leaf look is gradually by the green thin out Huang that turns, and the upper and lower color of the leather of potato piece approaches by Zhejiang, is tending towards ripe.The purple Chinese yam harvesting device of available semicircle is gathered in the crops purple Chinese yam, and when transportation handling accomplishes that four is light, gently takes, puts down gently, with light packs, light fortune.0.2-0.3kg/ piece is one-level, makes the commodity potato and sells;>0.3kg/ piece and part breakage or damage by disease and insect are secondary, are used as to process raw material;<0.2kg/ piece is three grades, and it is standby that next year is done the potato seed storage.Purple Chinese yam potato seed will, with 1000-1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectant, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, be made sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed.Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃.
(6) triticale sowing: 24-25 day in October, as if select wheat 20 triticale new varieties, selected breeding, improve essence amount machine sowing technology, guarantees that black Caulis et Folium Tritici aestivi is complete, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out.Broadcast No. 1 wheat seed coating agent seed dressing of front strict use thoroughly airing.Soil moisture content is moderate, the machine sowing of essence amount, and 18-20kg/ mu, broadcast rear suppression once.
(7) triticale field management:
The safe overwintering phase: be the triticale safe overwintering phase November-February next year then, is mainly on complete at seedling, that seedling is even basis, strives that triticale early sends out strong sprout, and short root increases tiller.Looked into seedling and fill a vacancy, early execute seed manure, intertillage is loosened the soil, chemical weed control etc.
Jointing-booting stage: the next year 3-4 month is the triticale jointing-booting stage, is mainly to promote to tiller differentiation, controls basal internode long, increases the little Hua number, improves ripening rate.To execute ingeniously jointing, booting fertilizer, and suitably water according to soil regime and the growth of cereal crop seedlings.Prevent the triticale available paclobutrazol pulvis 33-50g/ mu that lodges.
The flowering maturing stage: the next year 5-6 month is the triticale flowering maturing stage, is mainly to support root to protect leaf that anti-early ageing strives that the large grain of grain is full.Water the water of blooming, be in the milk in good time, take and maintain field capacity and carry out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing as 70-80%.Generally at Early filling stage, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% etc., every mu of consumption 50kg carries out spray leaf fertilizer.Also to, to the anti-worm of curing the disease of triticale, to head blight, can prevent and treat with 50% topsin pulvis; Can be with every mu of 8-9g of triadimefon to rust; Can be with every mu of 10-15g of 40% Rogor to aphid; Banded sclerotial blight is generally selected to jinggangmycin.
Claims (2)
1. a Huang-Huai Area triticale and the purple Chinese yam high-efficient planting patterns processed that yields two crops a year; Concrete grammar is:
(1) purple Chinese yam two-stages seeding: 15-25 day in April, select the purple medicine of Xu Nong, Huangyan purple to transplant the purple Chinese yam new varieties such as medicine, improving purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with two-stages seeding, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, is autumn purple Chinese yam high-quality, highly efficient and productive laying the first stone;
Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing standard is the 50-60g/ piece, then with carbendazim or mancozeb original powder and quicklime powder, in the 1:3 ratio, mixes and dresses seed and bask seeds; The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately with 3 films (booth, small arched shed, mulch film) propagating seeding in cold frame; Other the unnecessary side shoot of rear removal of emerging, stay a major branch, plants into land for growing field crops after waiting the triticale results in batches;
(2) triticale results: 5-10 day in June, the triticale full seed, while during maturity 90-95%, being suitable for mechanized harvest, select the grain header results, and the grain loss rate is controlled at 1-3%;
(3) purple Chinese yam is planted: 11-15 day in June, purple Chinese yam seedling stays a major branch seedling while planting, and removes other unnecessary side shoot seedling; Stay the purple Chinese yam seedling of major branch to plant and require ridge culture, row spacing is 85-90cm, the high 28-28cm in ridge, and spacing in the rows is 28-30cm, the rear cultivation seedling that first waters, density is 2500/mu; While planting, by 5% carbosulfan granule and 3% phoxim granule mixed in equal amounts, 2-2.5kg/ mu is spreaded manuer in holes, or the 30% Phoxim microcapsule agent of 1:5 dips in root 5 minutes, for preventing and treating the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub;
(4) purple Chinese yam field management:
The purple Chinese yam tiller phase: purple Chinese yam seedling can spray 500 times of Acetochlors or the herbicide butachlor of sealing process, 3 barrels every mu, every barrel of 15kg after planting; Before purple Chinese yam seedling does not seal ridge, when weeds grow to 3-5 leaf phase spraying agent quizalofop-ethyl or the weed killer herbicides such as haloxyfop-P-methyl or glyphosate isopropyl amine salt or cover grass energy or prometryn; Late July is the purple Chinese yam tiller phase, with the rotary tillage, ridging integrated cultivator, carries out 1-2 intertillage, weeding, ridging operation, and coordinate topdress, dispenser etc., play the effect to purple Chinese yam banking up soil moisture conservation;
Cauline leaf growth animated period: require purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, colony is sane, puts up the high yield shelf, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length; Be cauline leaf growth animated period August, by biochemical preparation prevention and control cauline leaf excessive growth phenomenons such as paclobutrazol, S 3307, mepiquat chloride, chlormequats; Use 2 kinds of liquids of Prochloraz or benzene miaow methyl cyclic-azole or penta oxazolone and mancozeb or carbendazim or tpn and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, control Chinese yam anthracnose;
The quick expanding stage of potato piece: require the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, preventing disease and pest, short potato piece expands soon; Be the quick expanding stage of potato piece September, by control cauline leaf early ageing phenomenons such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates;
(5) purple Chinese yam harvesting: 15-20 day in November, purple Chinese yam leaf look is gradually by the green thin out Huang that turns, and the upper and lower color of the leather of potato piece approaches by Zhejiang, is tending towards ripe; Gather in the crops purple Chinese yam with the purple Chinese yam harvesting device of semicircle, when transportation handling accomplishes that four is light, gently takes, puts down gently, with light packs, light fortune; It is standby that the next year of general<0.2kg/ piece is done the potato seed storage; To 1000-1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectant for purple Chinese yam potato seed, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, make sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed; Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃;
(6) triticale sowing: 21-25 day October in sowing time, as if select the precious No. 1 triticale new product breeding such as wheat 20 of Luo, to guarantee that black Caulis et Folium Tritici aestivi is complete, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out; Broadcast front strict use 30% thimet or No. 1 wheat seed coating agent seed dressing thoroughly airing; Soil moisture content is moderate, the machine sowing of essence amount, and 18-20kg/ mu, broadcast rear suppression once;
(7) triticale field management:
The safe overwintering phase: be the triticale safe overwintering phase November-February next year then, is mainly on complete at seedling, that seedling is even basis, strives that triticale early sends out strong sprout, and short root increases tiller; Looked into seedling and fill a vacancy, early execute seed manure, intertillage is loosened the soil, chemical weed control etc.;
Jointing-booting stage: the next year 3-4 month is the triticale jointing-booting stage, is mainly to promote to tiller differentiation, controls basal internode long, increases the little Hua number, improves ripening rate; To execute ingeniously jointing, booting fertilizer, and suitably water according to soil regime and the growth of cereal crop seedlings; Prevent the triticale lodging with paclobutrazol pulvis 33-50g/ mu;
The flowering maturing stage: the next year 5-6 month is the triticale flowering maturing stage, is mainly to support root to protect leaf that anti-early ageing strives that the large grain of grain is full; Water the water of blooming, be in the milk in good time, take and maintain field capacity and carry out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing as 70-80%; Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2% etc. at Early filling stage, every mu of consumption 50kg carries out spray leaf fertilizer; Also to, to the triticale prevention and elimination of disease and pests, comprise head blight, rust, aphid and banded sclerotial blight.
2. Huang-Huai Area triticale according to claim 1 and purple Chinese yam two crops a year high-efficient planting patterns processed, is characterized in that, described flowering maturing stage triticale prevention and elimination of disease and pests is to 50% carbendazim or the control of 50% topsin pulvis for head blight; To every mu of 8-9g of triadimefon for rust; Can be with every mu of 6-8g of 50% Aphox pulvis or 40% Rogor 10-15g to aphid; Banded sclerotial blight is selected to jinggangmycin.
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