CN103435228A - Nitrogen and phosphorus removal advanced treatment method for wastewater - Google Patents
Nitrogen and phosphorus removal advanced treatment method for wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN103435228A CN103435228A CN2013103809210A CN201310380921A CN103435228A CN 103435228 A CN103435228 A CN 103435228A CN 2013103809210 A CN2013103809210 A CN 2013103809210A CN 201310380921 A CN201310380921 A CN 201310380921A CN 103435228 A CN103435228 A CN 103435228A
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Abstract
The invention provides a nitrogen and phosphorus removal advanced treatment method for wastewater. The method mainly comprises the following steps: pretreatment, alga membrane bioreactor treatment, plate sedimentation tank treatment and membrane filtration treatment. The method specifically comprises the following steps: first, pre-treating wastewater; then, introducing the wastewater to an alga membrane bioreactor for efficiently removing nitrogen and phosphorus for the wastewater; then, introducing the wastewater to a plate sedimentation tank to precipitate suspended solids so as to prevent subsequent membrane filtration from being blocked; and finally, filtering the wastewater by a membrane assembly, and storing the filtrate in a permeate pool to be recycled conveniently. The method integrates biological, physical and chemical methods, and can efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus and pollutants in wastewater. The whole method is simple in structure, convenient to manage and maintain, low in operating cost and free from bad smells and secondary pollution. The water quality discharged can reach the national first level A standard, and the water can be recycled, so that the utilization efficiency of water resources is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment area, is that a kind of algae biofilm that utilizes carries out the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method.
Background technology
Along with population growth and Economic development, the mankind are on the increase the demand of water, the progress of science and technology simultaneously makes again its zone of action constantly extend, cause range, the degree of depth of environmental pollution progressively to strengthen, especially the eutrophication phenomenon of water body in lake has become a global environmental problem, and the water body that excessively enters of the elements such as nitrogen phosphorus is the key factor that causes body eutrophication.Therefore, seeking a kind of new and effective denitrification and dephosphorization method is the major issue faced in China's water environment protection and improvement.At present, the biological carbon and phosphorous removal ordinary method mainly contains SBR, A
2/ O, oxidation ditch etc.But these denitrification and dephosphorization methods are due to problems such as carbon source, mud age, nitrate, removal effect is not good simultaneously, treatment effect is unstable to N and P to make it, be difficult to meet the water quality emission standard, the water body after purification still contains macronutrient, also can cause body eutrophication.Algae is common biology in lake, it has special metabolic way, since the propositions such as nineteen fifty-seven Oswald can utilize microalgae to replace active sludge to carry out sewage disposal as biosystem, the algae bio denitrification dephosphorization technique is subject to people and more and more payes attention to, it utilizes mode mainly to comprise suspended alga system, immobilized algae system and algae biofilm system, the suspended alga system has the algae shipwreck in the shortcoming of separating, the immobilized algae system operation cost is high and be difficult to promote, therefore, numerous scholars are studied the algae bio membrane nitrogen and phosphorus removal.The ATS technology utilization set of the research and development such as Karen Loveland has the algae film of blue-green algae, thread algae and bacterium etc. to reach the purpose of purifying waste water; The people such as Jing Shi and Michael Melkonian utilize chlorella and grid algae to form double-deck algae biofilm system to carry out the sewage disposal experimental study; N.C. Boelee etc. utilizes the aftertreatment technology of algae membrane technique as municipal wastewater, and treatment effect is studied.Domestic scholars is relatively less to the research of algae membrane technique, and Ma Peiming etc. have studied with the dominant algae biofilm of the huge algae that quivers wastewater treatment efficiency is studied under laboratory condition, and its result all shows that the algae film has good Nitrogen/Phosphorus Removal.Therefore, the present invention is with common algae kind in natural water, in conjunction with sloping plate deposition and membrane filtering method, for sewage denitrification and dephosphorization provides technical support.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of with low cost, suitability is wide, effluent quality good and can reach the advanced treatment method for sewage water of high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization purpose.
Technical scheme: sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method of the present invention mainly comprises the following methods step:
(1) pre-treatment of sewage: at first sewage carry out pre-treatment in pretreatment pool, precipitation is removed macrobead suspended substance and tiny inorganics, purpose is mainly the balanced water yield and water quality, and macrobead floating matter and sand setting in removal water, with the load that reduces follow-up method and reduce the detrimentally affect to follow-up equipment.
(2) the algae membrane biological reaction is processed: enter the algae membrane bioreactor through pretreated sewage, by the photosynthesis of algae, the nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus are converted into to the body of algae or discharge with the form of precipitation; Utilize it to carry out sewage disposal and can effectively remove N, the P nutritive substance in sewage, effectively avoided secondary pollution.This is a kind of sewage disposal technology of low-cost high-efficiency denitrogenation dephosphorizing.
(3) sloping plate deposition is processed: the sewage of processing through the algae membrane biological reaction enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, the current that enter inclined-plate clarifying basin are upflowing, the upflowing current are due to " effect of shallow pond " in swash plate, and suspended substance is deposited, and by the mud gathering system unification at the bottom of pond, drain.
(4) membrane filtration is processed: from inclined-plate clarifying basin, water out is through the filtration of membrane module, and from membrane module, water quality out reaches country-level A standard, can directly enter rivers, also can carry out reuse.
The pre-treatment of sewage of the present invention and sloping plate deposition treatment process add the flocculation agent of 1～5ppm, standing flocculation sediment 2～4h; Described flocculation agent is sodium polyacrylate, and molecular weight is 6,000,000～1,200 ten thousand.
Polyacrylamide is high molecular weight water soluble polymer, there is good flocculence, therefore, the pre-treatment of sewage and sloping plate deposition treatment process add the flocculation agent of 1～5ppm, accelerate the flocculation sediment of suspended substance, need standing 2～4h after adding flocculation agent, make suspended substance and fine particle composition flocculation sediment.The molecular weight of polyacrylamide is higher, and its flocculence is better, same flocculating effect, the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is larger, and consumption is fewer, but along with the increase of molecular weight, it is just slower that it is dissolved in water, uses just inconvenience, therefore selects 600～1,200 ten thousand molecular weight.
It is the quiver composition of any or they in algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum of Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi that algae membrane biological reaction of the present invention is processed the algae kind adopted; Described algae bio reactor is to be divided into 3～8 sections, and series connection is connected, and is placed with the elasticity of plastics carrier in pond, and inoculates above-mentioned algae, makes on carrier to form algae biofilm.
Sewage denitrification and dephosphorization advanced treatment process of the present invention carries out continuously, for make not have under solar irradiation or overcast and rainy still can steady running, but end user's irradiation source, the light intensity that the sewage denitrification and dephosphorization advanced treatment process needs is not less than 2200lux, can make the water outlet water quality reaching standard.
What membrane filtration of the present invention was processed employing is the organic or inorganic tube type filter membrance.
Chlorella pyrenoidesa (Chlorella pyrenoidosa): belong to Chlorophyta, Chroococcales, Chlorella, contain pyrenoids.Common chlorella cells is ellipse, and diameter is 3-5 μ m left and right, and breeding is fast, and nutritive value and economic worth are high, can be used for making all kinds of natural health-care products, are one of main algae kinds of eutrophication water.
Anabaena Flos-aquae (Anabaena flos-aquae): belong to Cyanophyta, Cyanophyceae, a genus of nostocaceae, anabena kind a kind of, shape is the filament shape, can give out unique " fishy smell ".The whole piece algal filament has the forms such as straight shape, bending and random curve, can Individual existence, or be wound in colony, and there is the good attached ability of invading, be one of main algae kind of China's eutrophication water.
Sheath algae (Oedogonium sp.): belong to Chlorophyta, Oedogoniales, can be subdivided into Oedocladium, Oedogonium and Bulbochaete, frond is thread branch or branch not, can be suspended in the water surface or invade and be attached to other body surfaces, mainly be distributed in one of advantage algae kind of temperate zone and subtropical zone ，Shi China lake, Reservoir Eutrophication.
Hydrodictyon reticulatum (Hydrodictyon reticulatum): belong to Chlorophyta, the cryptomere net had is connected and forms with two ends each other by cylindrical or broad ovate cell, and mesh mostly is pentagon or hexagon.There is a pyrenoids when immature, a nucleus, chromatoplast is sheet; There are a plurality of pyrenoidss after growing up, a plurality of nucleus, chromatoplast is netted.Cell is cylindrical, kelly green, and the wide 200 μ m that reach, length can reach 1cm.Be distributed widely in and be rich in organic static shallow water, as arm of lake, pond, irrigation canals and ditches, calipers etc., easily fry is worked the mischief.
Scenedesmus obliquus (Scenedesmus obliquus): belong to Chlorophyta, be comprised of 2,4 or 8 cells, each cell arrangement point-blank, or is arranged slightly alternately.Cell is fusiform, the two ends taper, and the free surface of hecatomeral cells is sometimes recessed, sometimes swells, and cell walls is level and smooth.Usually, wide 3～9 μ m of cell, long 10～21 μ m.For the very common kind of swimming, the cell inner protein is 42% left and right, and easily a large amount of the cultivation, can do the supplementary source of domestic animal feed.
The A Shi algae (Oscillatoria agardhii) that quivers: belong to Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria, the plant materials list is given birth to or many, and filament is directly walked or is crooked, and end is often thinner, and normal the gathering is pencil or skin shape, floats on water surface more.Cell is square, wide 4～6 μ m, and long 2.5～4 μ m, cell cross wall both sides tool particle, the pseudo-cavity of inclusion tool, terminal cell is calyptra sometimes.Be common in poisons in freshwater, as well limit, moist native table, rock surface, rice field, irrigation canals and ditches, pond, lake, ,Xi river, marsh and seashore etc.
The present invention plants any one or more composition in above-mentioned six kinds of algaes in the algae membrane bioreactor, make to form algae biofilm on the polyvinyl chloride resilient support, photosynthesis by the algae film, the nutritive elements such as the nitrogen in absorption sewage, phosphorus, be converted into the tissue of frond self, when the algae film grows to a certain degree, take out with carrier, avoid suspended alga to be difficult to the difficulty of collecting, re-started afterwards biofilm.
Described algae membrane bioreactor is divided into 3～8 sections, the section with section between be connected, sewage flows through second segment from first paragraph, then flows through the 3rd section ..., by this way, from final stage, water out enters inclined-plate clarifying basin.Therefore the nutritive substance that the algae in first paragraph obtains is maximum, grows also than comparatively fast, and second segment takes second place, and passes through like this effect of multistage algae, and nitrogen, phosphoric in sewage exhaust fully or substantially.The amount of the nutritive substance that every section algae obtains is different, and their growing state is certainly not identical, according to the difference of their growing states, supplements in time, can realize the serialization biological treatment of sewage.
Microfiltration membrane is the mould material of aperture at 0.1～75 μ m, can hold back the particles such as gravel in solution, mud, clay and giardia lamblia, hidden armful of sub-worm, algae and some bacteriums etc.Microfiltration membrane is widely used in the filtration treatment of sewage.Organic microfiltration membrane commonly used has blend fiber ester millipore filtration, nitrocellulose filter, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane, cellulose acetate filter membrane, regenerated cellulose filter membrane, polymeric amide filter membrane, teflon membrane filter and polyvinyl chloride filter membrane etc.; Inorganic micro filtering membrane has ceramic microfiltration membrane, Alumina Membrane for Microfiltration, glass micro-filter film, silicon-dioxide microfiltration membrane and metal microfiltration membrane etc.The tube type filter membrance processing efficiency is high, and the present invention adopts tube type filter membrance.
The positively effect that the present invention produces:
1. simple in structure, be easy to maintenance management.The present invention is usingd the algae membrane bioreactor as agent structure, utilize algae to form algae biofilm, reach the purpose of denitrogenation dephosphorizing, its water outlet enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, the algae film come off is precipitated, prevent from blocking membrane module, in the work-ing life of membrane component and prolong, reduced the membrane module pollution.
2. can not cause secondary pollution, running cost is cheap.The present invention only need provide basic nutritive substance at algae film formation stages, the treatment stage do not need the pharmaceutical chemicals that provides extra, simultaneously algae can be chosen the common algae kind with high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization and gets final product, few to environmental requirement, only need to meet the general growth of algae, reduce the cost of denitrogenation dephosphorizing, can not produce to environment the secondary pollutions such as pharmaceutical chemicals simultaneously, easy to maintenance.
3. wide adaptability, effluent quality is high, can carry out reuse.The present invention utilizes algae to have special metabolic way, it can utilize luminous energy and inorganics to synthesize the protoplasma of self, utilize it to carry out sewage disposal and can effectively remove N, the P nutritive substance in sewage, reach the purpose of denitrogenation dephosphorizing, be applicable to all sewage to algae toxicological harmless effect, suitability is wide; In addition, water outlet of the present invention is permeate, and effluent quality is high, can carry out reuse.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method of the present invention.
In figure, be numbered: 1 pretreatment pool; 2 algae membrane bioreactors; 3 inclined-plate clarifying basins; 4 film filters.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, containing ammonia nitrogen 20mg/L, phosphorous 10mg/L, the sewage of COD 300 mg/L passes in pretreatment pool, adds the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,200 ten thousand, the 1-5ppm that add-on is sewage quantity; Standing 2h, remove precipitation, and clean and dirt water enters the algae membrane bioreactor that is divided into 4 sections, and every section kind of reactor has Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae and sheath algae, and light intensity is 3000lux; The water flowed out from the reactor final stage enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, add the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,200 ten thousand, the 1ppm that add-on is the water yield, standing 2h, suspended substance is deposited, by the mud gathering system unification at the bottom of pond, drain, clear water filters with tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane component, and the aperture of polymeric amide filter membrane is 8～10 μ m; From the nitrogenous 0.35mg/L of tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane component water out, phosphorous 0.07mg/L, COD 13.56 mg/L.
As shown in Figure 1, containing ammonia nitrogen 23mg/L, phosphorous 12mg/L, the sewage of COD 320 mg/L passes in pretreatment pool, adds the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,000 ten thousand, the 1-5ppm that add-on is sewage quantity; Standing 3h, remove precipitation, and clean and dirt water enters the algae membrane bioreactor that is divided into 6 sections, and every section kind of reactor has Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi quiver algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum; Light intensity is 3200lux; The water flowed out from the reactor final stage enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, add the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,000 ten thousand, the 2ppm that add-on is the water yield, standing 3h, suspended substance is deposited, by the mud gathering system unification at the bottom of pond, drain, clear water filters with tubular type polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane component, and the aperture of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane is 8～10 μ m; From the nitrogenous 0.31mg/L of tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane component water out, phosphorous 0.05mg/L, COD 12.97 mg/L.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, containing ammonia nitrogen 25mg/L, phosphorous 15mg/L, the sewage of COD 350 mg/L passes in pretreatment pool, adds the cationic polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 6,000,000, the 1-5ppm that add-on is sewage quantity; Standing 4h, remove precipitation, clean and dirt water enters the algae membrane bioreactor that is divided into 8 sections, and front 4 sections section kinds of reactor have Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi quiver algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum, rear four sections kind Chlorella pyrenoidesas, Anabaena Flos-aquae and sheath algae; Intensity of illumination is 3200lux; The water flowed out from the reactor final stage enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, add the cationic polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 6,000,000, the 3ppm that add-on is the water yield, standing 4h, suspended substance is deposited, by the mud gathering system unification at the bottom of pond, drain, clear water filters with tubular type silicon-dioxide micro-filtration membrane module, and the aperture of silicon-dioxide microfiltration membrane is 20～25 μ m; From the nitrogenous 0.28mg/L of tubular type silicon-dioxide micro-filtration membrane module water out, phosphorous 0.04mg/L, COD 11.96 mg/L.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 1, the algae membrane bioreactor is divided into three sections, in it, plants Chlorella pyrenoidesa, sheath algae and three kinds of mixed algaes of Anabaena Flos-aquae are arranged respectively, and light intensity is 5000lux, and sewage is processed continuously, and each stage Inlet and outlet water water quality situation is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Embodiment 5
The algae membrane bioreactor is divided into eight sections, and the processing parameter of sewage disposal is identical with embodiment 3, investigates the impact of intensity of illumination on effluent quality, and result is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
The state sewage emission standard leading indicator requires as following table 3:
Table 3
From table 2 and table 3 data, find out, light intensity is more than 2200lux, adopt method of the present invention to dispose of sewage, effluent quality reaches national sewage discharge one-level A standard, also from table 2 data, finds out, the effluent quality that light intensity is 4000lux is the poor of 3000lux and 3500lux than light intensity, can promote that greatly algae absorbs ammonia nitrogen and the phosphorus in sewage although reason is light intensity, also accelerate the metabolism of algae, accelerate the algae maturation aging, make the algae corruption, cause secondary pollution.But, as long as take out in time aging algae, supplement new algae, these problems can solve.
Sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method technique of the present invention is simple, can effectively remove N, P nutritive substance in sewage, reaches the purpose of advanced nitrogen dephosphorization, and effluent quality is high.
Claims (4)
1. a sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method, is characterized in that, comprises following operation:
(1) pre-treatment of sewage: sewage is precipitation removal macrobead suspended substance and tiny inorganics in pretreatment pool at first;
(2) the algae membrane biological reaction is processed: enter the algae membrane bioreactor through pretreated sewage, by the photosynthesis of algae, the nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus are converted into to the body of algae or discharge with the form of precipitation;
(3) sloping plate deposition is processed: the sewage of crossing through the algae bio reaction treatment enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, removes suspended substance;
(4) membrane filtration is processed: from inclined-plate clarifying basin, water out is through the filtration of membrane module, and from membrane module, water quality out reaches country-level A standard.
2. sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the pre-treatment of described sewage and sloping plate deposition treatment process add the flocculation agent of 1～5ppm, standing flocculation sediment 2～4h; Described flocculation agent is polyacrylamide, and molecular weight is 6,000,000～1,200 ten thousand.
3. sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is the quiver composition of any or they in algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum of Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi that described algae membrane biological reaction is processed the algae kind adopted; Described algae membrane bioreactor is to be divided into 3～8 sections, and series connection is used, and is placed with carrier in pond, inoculates above-mentioned algae, makes on carrier to form algae biofilm; The light intensity that described algae membrane biological reaction is processed is for being no less than 2200lux.
4. sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, what described membrane filtration was processed employing is the organic or inorganic tube type filter membrance.
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| CN110698002A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 廖思凤 | Treatment method of domestic garbage fermentation bin sewage |
| WO2021238118A1 (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | 南大（常熟）研究院有限公司 | Ecological soft enclosure for algae and sewage interception and purification, and construction method therefor |
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