CN102070279B - Method for treating municipal sewage by adopting millipore FBR (Filter Bio-reactor) - Google Patents

Method for treating municipal sewage by adopting millipore FBR (Filter Bio-reactor) Download PDF

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CN102070279B
CN102070279B CN2010105601942A CN201010560194A CN102070279B CN 102070279 B CN102070279 B CN 102070279B CN 2010105601942 A CN2010105601942 A CN 2010105601942A CN 201010560194 A CN201010560194 A CN 201010560194A CN 102070279 B CN102070279 B CN 102070279B
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应清界
覃晓农
黄克
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JIANGSU XIANTONG ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating municipal sewage by adopting a millipore FBR (Filter Bio-reactor), belonging to the technical field of resources and environments. The municipal sewage can be treated by adopting a mode of combining aerobic denitrification with a dual-layer millipore filter tank in the method, thus pollutants, such as NH3-N, TN (Total N), COD, SS, TP (Total Phosphorus) and the like, in the municipal sewage can be greatly effectively reduced, the treated discharge water can reach the national earth surface IV class water standard, wherein CODCr is not more than 30mg/l, NH3-N is not more than 1.5mg/l, the total N (lake, reservoir, in the terms of N) is not more than 1.5mg/l, the total phosphorus (in the terms of P) is not more than 0.3mg/l, and the potassium permanganate index is not more than 10. The discharge water can be directly discharged in an earth surface riverway so as to reduce the environment pollution and meet the requirement on the increasingly improved municipal sewage emission standard. The invention can be applied to building municipal sewage treatment plants and modifying and reconstructing the traditional sewage treatment plants.

Description

A kind of method with FBR millipore filtration bioreactor for treatment municipal effluent
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of treating city waste water of resource and environment technical field.Millipore filtration bio-reactor-the FBR (Filter bio-reactor) that adopts aerobic denitrification and double-deck millipore filtration pond to combine carries out municipal sewage treatment, can significantly remove the NH in the municipal effluent 3Pollutents such as-N, TN, COD, SS, TP, the water outlet after the processing can reach national face of land IV class water quality standard, can directly enter river course, the face of land, reduces environmental pollution, satisfies the urban sewage discharge standard-required that improves day by day.The water source that can be applied to municipal effluent and other approximate municipal effluent water quality is handled.
Background technology
Along with the sternness of present China water surrounding situation, municipal sewage treatment face that standard progressively improves situation.Beijing city WWT standard of drainage has been put forward the IV class to the national face of land, 9 the whole upgradings of sewage work in inner city, and newly-built 21 regeneration water factories, the water quality of dispatching from the factory will all be increased to surface water IV class standard.Jiangsu ring TAI HU AREA since on January 1st, 2008 urban wastewater treatment firm carried out one-level A standard.Lower COD Cr, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus are handled standard, are puzzlement environmental protection water treatment worker's technical barriers; Yet outstanding contradiction in facing the reality, the technique means that can use nearly all be existing 50 years~go up the traditional technology of one-hundred-year history, oxidation ditch, SBR, the A of the external extended aeration of introducing of domestic most employing at present 2/ O, BAF, MBR technologies such as (membrane bioreactors).
The treatment process of municipal sewage plant's project that statistical study was built up in 2008 finds, that have that 22% project takes is A 2The treatment process that/O treatment process, 18% project are taked be traditional activated sludge process, 16% project take what be that SBR treatment process, 10% project adopt is the A/O treatment process, other technology that remaining 34% project adopts.Current newly-built and built sewage work's process data analysis and can draw traditional activated sludge process, A 2/ O technology, oxidation ditch, SBR are four kinds of main treatment process methods, account for the overwhelming majority 64%.The technology of current sewage work can reach the one-level B standard of regulation in " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard (GB 18918-2002) " basically, but does not reach one-level A standard or stricter national face of land IV class water water quality standard.
Reach one-level A standard or stricter national surface water IV class water water quality standard, its difficult point is removing of total nitrogen.Traditional biological denitrification process is occupying larger specific gravity in the denitrification process at present through improvement with after optimizing; Comprise technologies such as A/O technology (anaerobic-aerobic method), A2/O technology (anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic method), SBR technology (sequencing batch reactor), BAF; Say that in theory its ammonia nitrogen removal efficient can reach 80%~90%, total nitrogen is removed efficient can reach 70%~90% but can not reach one-level A standard.Following table is the his-and-hers watches of several kinds of chief city's WWT tradition denitrification process technical parameters.
The contrast of municipal effluent tradition denitrification process technical parameter
Figure BSA00000361186600021
The following problem of traditional biological denitrification process ubiquity: the autotrophy nitrifier is under the condition that large amount of organic exists, and is strong not as the aerobic heterotrophic bacterium of decarburization to oxygen and nutraceutical competitive capacity, thereby causes heterotrophic bacterium to be preponderated; Denitrification need provide suitable electron donor, is generally organism; Nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction are very big to the mass concentration demand difference of DO.Therefore the demands of different of nitrifier and denitrifying bacteria has caused two processes of nitrification and denitrification to be difficult to unification in time with on the space in the traditional biological denitrification process.
The nitrifying bacteria community rate of propagation is slow, and is difficult to keep higher biological concentration, particularly in low temperature winter.Therefore cause system's total hrt longer, organic loading is lower, has increased initial cost and working cost;
For keeping higher biological concentration and obtaining good denitrification effect, must carry out mud simultaneously and reflux and nitrated mixed-liquor return, increased power consumption and working cost;
The acidity that produces in the nitrifying process need add the alkali neutralization, has increased processing costs, but also possibly cause secondary pollution.
Denitrification process requires to try one's best in anoxybiotic environment, general requirement DO<0.5mg/L.In fact owing to the reason of technology itself is often taken the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic aeration pond in the anoxic pond to from the backflow of mixed solution or mud; Or, be difficult to all keep that lower concentration dissolved oxygen DO satisfies denitrifying needs in the anoxic pond because the water inlet dissolved oxygen is too high.C/N in the sewage also satisfied not the requirement of denitrification to high C/N ratio, so the denitrification effect is also undesirable than on the low side in addition.
The Pricing Department official of National Development and Reform Committee representes that the end of the year 2009, the processing standard one-level B according to the most sewage works of China calculated, and the average cost of the sewage work of 36 big and medium-sized cities is about 1.1 yuans in water per ton.
Reach one-level A standard or stricter national face of land IV class water water quality standard.Can realize that by present the technology of this requirement is land law (artificial swamp) and MBR (membrane bioreactor).And land law needs a large amount of valuable land resources, is not suitable for China and generally promotes employing.
MBR is a kind of novel, the Sewage treatment systems efficiently that membrane technique and traditional wastewater biological reactor drum organically are combined to form each other.The membrane bioreactor that uses now is owing to reason great majority such as energy-conservation are integral type MBR, and Fig. 1 is seen in its technical process.MBR with denitrification functions is made up of an aerobic nitrification pond and a preposition anoxic denitrification pond, and membrane module directly is immersed in the reactor drum Aerobic Pond, obtains out filter liquor through the suction pump suction.Preposition biological reaction tank reaches nitrated-denitrifying purpose as anoxic pond.Be introduced into anoxic pond through pretreated sewage, the back gets in the Aerobic Pond carries out aerobic nitrification, and ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitric nitrogen; Mud and nitrated mixed-liquor return are in anoxic pond in the Aerobic Pond; Under anoxic condition, be carbon source with organism in the former water, the nitric nitrogen that the denitrification Aerobic Pond refluxes and brings changes into N2; Overflow water body, thereby realize the purpose of sewage water denitrification.
MBR technology can overcome the shortcoming in the traditional waste water treatment process; This system utilizes ultra-filtration membrane, microfiltration membrane to hold back in the active sludge intermixture mikrobe flco and than larger molecular organics; Make it to rest in the reactor drum; And high activated sludge concentration in the maintenance reactor drum, and prolong its residence time, greatly improved the biochemical efficiency of mikrobe.Effluent quality after handling like this can satisfy the national face of land IV class water quality standard that reaches one-level A standard-required or requirements at the higher level.
The MBR operation energy consumption is 0.6-2.0KWh/m 3(the initial launch resistance is low, increases along with film pollutes, and transmembrane pressure improves gradually, and suction pump is a VFC, and along with membrane resistance improves, service rating is also increasing).Energy consumption is higher than active sludge 0.3~0.4KWh/m 3Reason is that MBR mud-water separation process must keep certain film driving pressure to overcome membrane resistance; Next is that MLSS concentration is very high in the MBR pond, keep enough oxygen transfer rates, must strengthen aeration intensity; Simultaneously in order to strengthen membrane flux, to alleviate the film pollution; Also must strengthen flow velocity, wash away the film surface, therefore cause the energy consumption of MBR higher than traditional biological treatment.
According to the difference of the sewage water yield, water quality and processing complexity, MBR handles the one-time investment of sanitary sewage disposal usually at 0.3~0.4 ten thousand yuan/m3.Major cause with high investment is that film and membrane module cost an arm and a leg; The film imported price is higher than homemade film especially far away; The expense of membrane module accounts for about 25% of investment, is 0.7~0.8 yuan/m in the equipment amortization costs in 10 years (civil engineering and equipment and materials expense do not contain membrane module) 3, the replacement charge of film (in 2 years) is 0.5 yuan/m 3, operation electricity charge expense etc. is 0.8~1.5 yuan/m 3, its overall operational cost is 2.0~2.6 yuan/m 3High running cost mainly comes from kinetic force and expends the replacement cost with film.
It is cost with high investment, high running cost that MBR technology can satisfy the effluent quality high standard.These characteristics are by the decision of the operational characteristic of MBR.MBR has utilized membrane module as solid-liquid separator in technology; Just determined the high investment, expensive of this technology; Reason is that the material of the usefulness of MBR film own and cost of manufacture are all high; The structure of film is very fine and close in addition, and membrane pore size is between 0.1~0.4 μ m, and MBR technology utilizes this little characteristic of membrane pore size to carry out solid-liquid separation.This has just caused two problems, and the one, the flux of treating water is restricted, needs more membrane module to accomplish the processing of water, and investment is inevitable high; The 2nd, water will see through the resistance that film just must overcome film, has caused higher power consumption; Because the aperture is little stifled easily, just must carry out aeration simultaneously, make mixed solution upwards flow with air-flow with big air flow quantity; Produce shearing force on the film surface, colloidal solid is compelled under the effect of this shearing force to leave the film surface, just can delay the obstruction of film; Increased power consumption; Also cause the short problem in work-ing life of film, in general be 2~3 years the average duration of service of film, and cleaning and maintenance cost are very high.
Summary of the invention
According to the above case study that existing urban sewage treatment technology is existed, the present invention proposes the novel method that a kind of millipore filtration bio-reactor-FBR (Filter bio-reactor) that adopts aerobic denitrification and double-deck millipore filtration pond to combine carries out municipal sewage treatment.
Adopt FBR technology of the present invention to carry out municipal sewage treatment and can significantly remove pollutents such as NH3-N in the municipal effluent, TN, COD, SS, TP; Discharge water after the processing can reach national face of land IV class water quality standard; Can directly enter river course, the face of land; Reduce environmental pollution, satisfy the urban sewage discharge standard-required that improves day by day.This invention simultaneously can effectively reduce investment, minimizing energy consumption, the running cost that reduces of municipal sewage treatment.
That propose aerobic denitrification (aerobic denitrifieation) the earliest is Robertson and Kuenen, and they observe in the laboratory under the condition that oxygen exists, and denitrification phenomenon has taken place.Biological explanation has been broken through the theoretical understanding of traditional biological denitrogenation.In recent years, the discovery of aerobic denitrifying bacteria has been broken traditional theory and has been thought that nitration reaction can only be by the understanding that autotrophic bacteria is accomplished and anti-nitration reaction can only under anaerobic carry out.For phenomenons such as aerobic denitrification, heterotrophic nitrification and autotrophic denitrifications, the discovery of aerobic denitrifying bacteria and aerobic denitrification enzyme system has provided more gratifying answer.
Aerobic denitrification for biological denitrificaion provides brand-brand-new way, has also been established the theoretical basis of aerobic denitrification biological denitrificaion new technology.In process of the present invention, also realized under aerobic situation, carrying out in the same reactor drum nitrification and denitrification.
The advantage of aerobic denitrification denitrogenation is:
1) the nitrification and denitrification process is two separate units separately in the traditional technology, therefore often causes system complex, and energy consumption is bigger, and operational management inconvenience.Because aerobic denitrification can take place in same reactor drum with nitrated, simplified technical process, thereby significantly reduced system space and construction costs, thereby reduced investment outlay, improve processing efficiency.
2) aerobic denitrification discharges basicity nitrated needs to basicity can be provided, and does not need more soda acid amount that the pH value is regulated, and can practice thrift cost.
3) aerobic denitrifying bacteria need not coordinated control to dissolved oxygen, C/N in the different structures handling Be Controlled more easily in service.
We have found a kind of special cellular microporous particles filter material filtering basin of realizing 0.1~0.4 μ m filtering accuracy through long-term engineering practice in addition.This have a high-precision strainability, can realize the function of micro-filtration, ultra-filtration membrane in the MBR technology.This micropore filter material surface is coarse almost to be covered with by visible hole, and the roomy runner of multi-angular formation, and these corner angle and macropore have great specific surface area, very easily impurity trapped.And the micropore filter material surface has positive electricity; Colloid and granule foreign to having negative electricity have adsorption; Be adsorbed behind these materials entering runners and be trapped in the micropore filter material surface, rather than rest between the micropore filtrate, also can not stop up the filtration runner; Thereby current are through manying a lot of effectively runners than silica sand, and the minimum colloidal particle of being carried secretly by current finally all can adsorb and is trapped on the runner sidewall.
The present invention combines aerobic denitrification and microporous particles filter material filtering basin to develop and a kind ofly can satisfy novel process-FBR millipore filtration bio-reactor that Treating Municipal Sewage reaches national face of land IV class water quality standard.FBR is a kind of divergence type bio-reactor, is made up of active sludge biological aeration tank and double-deck millipore filtration pond.Double-deck millipore filtration pond is the cover filtering system that filtering-depositing is integrated, and existing filteration has precipitating action again.Be that the millipore filtration pond is immersed in the settling tank on the structure, the sludge bucket of collecting mud is arranged at the settling tank bottom, and scrapes mud and mud discharging device.
The FBR process explanation:
Municipal effluent gets into the aeration tank and carries out biochemical treatment; Water outlet flows automatically in the double-deck millipore filtration pond, and most of flco precipitates in settling tank, gathers in the sludge bucket at the bottom of the pond; Mud is accumulated in formation; Remove accumulating mud in the sewage bucket through sludge reflux pump at last, be back in the aeration biochemical pond reflux ratio R=0.5-2.0; Tiny flco particulate of small portion and colloidal particle are suspended in the water, and difficult deposition relies on gravity to flow into and is immersed in the millipore filtration pond in the water, holds back through the absorption of millipore filtration pond, further remove tiny flco suspension and colloid in the water.Aquifer yield was reduced to when hanging down limit value after for some time was moved in the millipore filtration pond, got into the back flushing stage, adopted the combined water and air backwash mode that it is cleaned.The dirt of holding back in the filtering basin is gone out from filtering basin top, and natural sedimentation is discharged to pond, outer field settling region in good time.The back flushing draining flows into double-deck millipore filtration pond, filters once more to obtain recycling, realizes waste water zero emission.The dirt that hold back in double-deck millipore filtration pond separates in settling tank with water, and supernatant utilizes potential difference gravity filtration water outlet through double-deck millipore filtration pond.
Reflux through mud, sludge concentration significantly improves in the aeration tank, can reach 2-3 times of traditional active pond, and MLSS can reach 3-15g/L, can prevent the loss of nitrifier, improves the nitration reaction effect.Reduced the mud organic loading, prevented sludge bulking, made mud get into endogenous digestion state, mud increases the speed maintenance balance with sludge digestion, and mud can be realized zero growth rate.Aerobic denitrification bacterial strain vitality is very strong, drops in the traditional active sludge biochemical treatment tank, need not replenish in the operation normal activity sludge system, runs into weather, needs replenish once in two months during the sudden change of water quality.Explain that there is leakage in aerobic denitrifying bacteria, need look effluent quality situation regular replenishment bacterial classification.
FBR millipore filtration biological reactor process figure is referring to Fig. 2
The FBR process characteristic
1) improved processing efficiency.FBR combines the aerobic denitrification technology with the millipore filtration bio-reactor, improved the sludge concentration in aerobic aeration pond, strengthens the denitrifying capacity of FBR, can reach COD CrClearance 90~98%, NH 3-N clearance 95~99%, nitrogen removal rate 90~95%.Treating Municipal Sewage draining water quality can reach face of land IV class water quality standard.
2) reduce investment outlay.Do not have the anaerobic treatment unit in the whole technology, simplified processing technological flow, reduced investment.The FBR processing flux is high, and the one-time construction input is economized.
3) less energy-consumption.Since adopt aerobic nitrification technology, cancellation mixed-liquor return pump, the gravity water outlet of double-deck millipore filtration pond has reduced energy consumption significantly, and ton water consumption and traditional activated sludge process are approximate, are 0.3~0.4Kwh/m 3, far below MBR0.6~2Kwh/m 3The ton water consumption.
4) be beneficial to the upgrading transformation.Solved the technical barrier that the high-level efficiency total nitrogen is removed, be beneficial to existing sewage treatment process and combine, carried out the upgrading retrofit work having municipal wastewater treatment plant now.
5) the F/M sludge loading is low, and sludge yield is few, and sludge volume is few, and the sludge treatment expense is low.
6) the structures volumetric water is little, the cancellation anoxic pond, and the hydraulic detention time of Aerobic Pond has only 4~8h, has reduced investment and floor space.
7) operating automation degree is high, and process procedure is few, and treating processes is simple, is easy to management.
See the following form with the detailed comparable situation of MBR
The main relative merits of MBR and two kinds of bio-reactors of FBR
Figure BSA00000361186600061
Figure BSA00000361186600081
In sum; In the present invention the aerobic denitrification technology is organically combined with double-deck millipore filtration pond filtering technique; FBR technology has solved in traditional biochemical processing total nitrogen and has removed inefficient problem, has also solved a series of problems that exist in the MBR technology film operational process simultaneously; Adopt loose inorganic particle micropore filter material to replace micro-filtration, ultra-filtration membrane among the MBR; Short, easy stifled, problems such as difficulty is cleaned, investment height, energy consumption is high, working cost is big of MBR life-span have been solved at one stroke; Kept the advantage that MBR had again; Effluent quality is good, excess sludge discharge is few, floor space is little, has important social benefit and economic benefit at the upgrading transformation and the field of environment protection of municipal sewage treatment, sewage work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 MBR biological denitrification process schema
Fig. 2 FBR process flow diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 FBR device of the present invention synoptic diagram
Embodiment
Below through concrete enforcement example foregoing of the present invention is done further detailed description, but should only not be confined to following instance with this scope that is interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention.All same quadrat methods that is realized based on the above-mentioned theme of the present invention all should belong to scope of the present invention.
Municipal effluent gets into and carries out the aerobic biochemical processing in the aerobic denitrification aeration tank, and the aeration tank mixed solution flows in the double-deck millipore filtration pond and carries out mud-water separation, and mud sinks at the bottom of the pond, and part mud is back in the aerobic aeration pond, reflux ratio R=0.5-2.0;
The back flushing draining flows into the settling tank in double-deck millipore filtration pond, and the dirt that filtering basin are held back separates in settling tank with water, and the back flushing draining is filtered once more and obtained recycling, and double-deck millipore filtration pond supernatant is through the water outlet of filter gravity.
FBR operation control influent concentration: COD Cr=200~800mg/l, NH 3-N=20~100mg/l, TN=20~100mg/l, C/N:2~10, N/P:4~12, DO:2~8 contain composite flora sludge concentration 3~15g/l, aeration tank pH value 6.5-9, hydraulic detention time HRT=4~8 of aeration tank hour.Effluent index reaches national face of land IV class water quality standard, COD Cr≤30mg/l, NH3-N≤1.5mg/l, total nitrogen (lake, storehouse are in N)≤1.5mg/l, total phosphorus (in phosphorus)≤0.3mg/l, permanganate indices≤10;
Instance 1~3:
Handling former water is community life sewage, and interpolation soluble starch, ammonium chloride are made into simulated domestic wastewater, owing to adopt the former water of sewage, need not add other nutritive salt, B/C=0.5, N/P=10.Experimental result is seen table 1, table 2, table 3, FBR experimental installation such as Fig. 3,50 liters of aeration tank volumes; The air pump oxygenation is used in the aeration tank; The millipore filtration pond is with air compressor machine and go out water backwashing, and gas pump is used for settling tank mud and refluxes, and the mud that another volume pump is used for settling tank refluxes; Control amount of inlet water with volume pump, dissolved oxygen is controlled to be DO=2~4mg/l.
The result of table 1 different dissolved oxygen (embodiment 1-3)
From above analysis of experimental data, NH 3-N clearance reaches more than 97%, and the TN clearance reaches more than 96%, COD CrClearance reaches more than 91%, and the SS clearance reaches more than 95%, and effluent quality has reached national surface water IV class water quality standard.

Claims (4)

1. method with millipore filtration bio-reactor one FBR Treating Municipal Sewage is characterized in that comprising following content:
1) adopts aerobic denitrification to combine and form, can effectively remove the NH in the municipal effluent with double-deck millipore filtration pond 3-N, TN, COD, SS, TP;
2) typical municipal effluent is removed the swimmer of big volume through grid, gets into to carry out the aerobic biochemical processing in the aerobic denitrification aeration tank;
3) aerating apparatus is equipped with in the bottom, aeration tank, and the aeration tank mixed solution flows in the double-deck millipore filtration pond and carries out mud-water separation, and sludge settling arrives at the bottom of the pond, and part mud is back in the aerobic aeration pond, reflux ratio R=0.5-2.0; Double-deck millipore filtration pond is to be combined by a millipore filtration pond and a settling tank, is specially the millipore filtration pond and is immersed in the formula filtering basin that become one in the settling tank, has deposition and filters dual-use function; Be a kind of multibuchet or settling tank flat, the sloping end that immersion gravity water outlet filtering basin are housed; Microporous particles type filtrate is housed in the millipore filtration pond; Settling tank flat, the sloping end is provided with machinery and scrapes mud equipment, and mud adopts pump or gravity mode spoil disposal and backflow;
4) the millipore filtration pond is held back in the active sludge intermixture mikrobe flco and than larger molecular organics, is made it to rest in the reactor drum, keeps high activated sludge concentration in the aeration tank, prolongs its residence time, has improved the denitrification efficient of mikrobe;
5) backwashing water in millipore filtration pond flows into the settling tank in the double-deck millipore filtration pond, filters once more and realizes recycling; The dirt that hold back in the millipore filtration pond separates in settling tank with water, and supernatant utilizes potential difference gravity flow gravity filtration water outlet through double-deck millipore filtration pond;
6) operation control condition water inlet COD Cr=200~800mg/l, NH 3-N=20~100mg/l, TN=20~100mg/l, C/N:2~10; N/P:4~12, DO:2~8mg/l contains composite flora sludge concentration 3~15g/l; Aeration tank pH value 6.5-9; Hydraulic detention time HRT=4~8 of aeration tank hour, effluent index reach country's ground Table IV class water quality standard, wherein COD Cr≤30mg/l, NH 3-N≤1.5mg/l, lake, storehouse water be in N total nitrogen≤1.5mg/l, in phosphorus total phosphorus≤0.3mg/l, and permanganate indices≤10.
2. the method with millipore filtration bio-reactor-FBR Treating Municipal Sewage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the aerobic denitrifying bacteria that has utilized screening and domestication in the said aerobic denitrification process.
3. the method with millipore filtration bio-reactor-FBR Treating Municipal Sewage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: having filled the microporous particles filtrate in the millipore filtration pond, all is homogeneous particle; Good adsorption can be played in cellular surface; Adopted long path simultaneously, deep layer adsorption filtration principle, therefore; The highest turbidity of water inlet reaches 300NTU, filters the back delivery turbidity and reaches below the 10NTU; The millipore filtration pond connects the combined water and air backwash system, can the filtering layer that stop up be cleaned up, and recovers the initial water-yielding capacity in millipore filtration pond.
4. the method with millipore filtration bio-reactor-FBR Treating Municipal Sewage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the aeration tank is the aerobic biochemical pond, and airborne oxygen is diffused in the aeration tank through oxygen replenishing equipment.
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