CN103435228B - Nitrogen and phosphorus removal advanced treatment method for wastewater - Google Patents
Nitrogen and phosphorus removal advanced treatment method for wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN103435228B CN103435228B CN201310380921.0A CN201310380921A CN103435228B CN 103435228 B CN103435228 B CN 103435228B CN 201310380921 A CN201310380921 A CN 201310380921A CN 103435228 B CN103435228 B CN 103435228B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a nitrogen and phosphorus removal advanced treatment method for wastewater. The method mainly comprises the following steps: pretreatment, alga membrane bioreactor treatment, plate sedimentation tank treatment and membrane filtration treatment. The method specifically comprises the following steps: first, pre-treating wastewater; then, introducing the wastewater to an alga membrane bioreactor for efficiently removing nitrogen and phosphorus for the wastewater; then, introducing the wastewater to a plate sedimentation tank to precipitate suspended solids so as to prevent subsequent membrane filtration from being blocked; and finally, filtering the wastewater by a membrane assembly, and storing the filtrate in a permeate pool to be recycled conveniently. The method integrates biological, physical and chemical methods, and can efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus and pollutants in wastewater. The whole method is simple in structure, convenient to manage and maintain, low in operating cost and free from bad smells and secondary pollution. The water quality discharged can reach the national first level A standard, and the water can be recycled, so that the utilization efficiency of water resources is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment area, is that one utilizes algae biofilm to carry out sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method.
Background technology
Along with population growth and Economic development, the demand of the mankind to water is on the increase, the progress of science and technology simultaneously makes again its zone of action constantly extend, cause the range of environmental pollution, the degree of depth progressively strengthens, especially the eutrophication of water body in lake has become a global environmental problem, and the water body that excessively enters of the elements such as nitrogen phosphorus is the key factor causing body eutrophication.Therefore, the major issue that a kind of new and effective denitrification and dephosphorization method is China's water environment protection and faces in administering is sought.At present, biological carbon and phosphorous removal ordinary method mainly contains SBR, A
2/ O, oxidation ditch etc.But these denitrification and dephosphorization methods are due to problems such as carbon source, mud age, nitrate, removal effect is not good simultaneously, treatment effect is unstable to N and P to make it, be difficult to meet water quality emission standard, the water body after purification still containing macronutrient, also can cause body eutrophication.Algae is common biology in lake, it has special metabolic way, since nineteen fifty-seven Oswald etc. proposes to utilize microalgae to replace active sludge to carry out sewage disposal as biosystem, algae bio denitrification dephosphorization technique is subject to people and more and more payes attention to, its Land use systems mainly comprises suspended alga system, immobilized algae system and algae bio membranous system, suspended alga system has algae shipwreck in the shortcoming be separated, immobilized algae system operation cost is high and be difficult to promote, therefore, numerous scholar is studied algae bio membrane nitrogen and phosphorus removal.The algae film that the ATS technology utilization that Karen Loveland etc. research and develop is fixed with blue-green algae, thread algae and bacterium etc. reaches the object of purifying waste water; The people such as Jing Shi and Michael Melkonian utilize chlorella and grid algae to form double-deck algae bio membranous system to carry out sewage disposal experimental study; N.C. Boelee etc. utilize algae membrane technique as the aftertreatment technology of municipal wastewater, and are studied treatment effect.Domestic scholars is relatively less to the research of algae membrane technique, and Ma Peiming etc. have studied in laboratory conditions and are studied wastewater treatment efficiency with the dominant algae biofilm of the huge algae that quivers, and its result all shows that algae film has good Nitrogen/Phosphorus Removal.Therefore, the present invention with algae kind common in natural water, in conjunction with sloping plate deposition and membrane filtering method, for sewage denitrification and dephosphorization provides technical support.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is openly a kind of with low cost, suitability is wide, effluent quality good and can reach the advanced treatment method for sewage water of high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization object.
Technical scheme: sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method of the present invention mainly comprises following methods step:
(1) pre-treatment of sewage: first sewage carry out pre-treatment in pretreatment pool, precipitation removes macrobead suspended substance and fine inorganic thing, object is the balanced water yield and water quality mainly, and remove macrobead floating matter and sand setting in water, also reduce the detrimentally affect to follow-up equipment with the load reducing subsequent processes.
(2) algae membrane biological reaction process: enter algae membrane bioreactor through pretreated sewage, by the photosynthesis of algae, is converted into the nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus the body of algae or discharges with the form of precipitation; Utilize it to carry out sewage disposal and effectively can remove N, P nutritive substance in sewage, effectively avoid secondary pollution.This is a kind of sewage disposal technology of low-cost high-efficiency denitrogenation dephosphorizing.
(3) sloping plate deposition process: the sewage through the process of algae membrane biological reaction enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, the current entering inclined-plate clarifying basin are upflowing, upflowing current are due to " effect of shallow pond " in swash plate, and suspended substance is deposited, and drain by the mud gathering system at the bottom of pond is unified.
(4) membrane filtration process: from the filtration of inclined-plate clarifying basin water out through membrane module, reaches country-level A standard from membrane module water quality out, directly can enter rivers, also can carry out reuse.
The pre-treatment of sewage of the present invention and sloping plate deposition treatment process add the flocculation agent of 1 ~ 5ppm, leave standstill flocculation sediment 2 ~ 4h; Described flocculation agent is sodium polyacrylate, and molecular weight is 6,000,000 ~ 1,200 ten thousand.
Polyacrylamide is high molecular weight water soluble polymer, there is excellent flocculence, therefore, the pre-treatment of sewage and sloping plate deposition treatment process add the flocculation agent of 1 ~ 5ppm, accelerate the flocculation sediment of suspended substance, need standing 2 ~ 4h after adding flocculation agent, make suspended substance and fine particle composition flocculation sediment.The molecular weight of polyacrylamide is higher, and its flocculence is better, same flocculating effect, the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is larger, and consumption is fewer, but along with the increase of molecular weight, it is slower that it is dissolved in water, uses just inconvenient, therefore select the molecular weight of 600 ~ 12,000,000.
The composition of the algae kind that algae membrane biological reaction process of the present invention adopts is Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi quiver in algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum any one or they; Described algae bio reactor is divided into 3 ~ 8 sections, and series connection is connected, and is placed with elasticity of plastics carrier in pond, and inoculate above-mentioned algae, makes carrier forms algae biofilm.
Sewage denitrification and dephosphorization advanced treatment process of the present invention carries out continuously, in order under making there is no solar irradiation or overcast and rainy still can steady running, can end user's irradiation source, the light intensity that sewage denitrification and dephosphorization advanced treatment process needs is not less than 2200lux, can make water outlet water quality reaching standard.
What membrane filtration process of the present invention adopted is organic or inorganic tube type filter membrance.
Chlorella pyrenoidesa (Chlorella pyrenoidosa): belong to Chlorophyta, Chroococcales, Chlorella, containing pyrenoids.Common chlorella cells is ellipse, and diameter is about 3-5 μm, and breeding is fast, nutritive value and economic worth high, can be used for making all kinds of natural health-care products, is one of main algae kind of eutrophication water.
Anabaena Flos-aquae (Anabaena flos-aquae): belong to Cyanophyta, Cyanophyceae, a genus of nostocaceae, the one of anabena kind, shape is filament shape, can give out unique " fishy smell ".Whole piece algal filament has the forms such as straight shape, bending and random curve, can Individual existence, or is wound in colony, and having good attached ability of invading, is one of main algae kind of China's eutrophication water.
Sheath algae (Oedogonium sp.): belong to Chlorophyta, Oedogoniales, Oedocladium, Oedogonium and Bulbochaete can be subdivided into, frond is thread branch or not branch, the water surface can be suspended in or invade and be attached to other body surfaces, mainly being distributed in temperate zone and subtropical zone, is one of the advantage algae kind of China lake, Reservoir Eutrophication.
Hydrodictyon reticulatum (Hydrodictyon reticulatum): belong to Chlorophyta, the cryptomere net had is connected with two ends each other by cylindrical or broad ovate cell and forms, and mesh mostly is pentagon or hexagon.Have a pyrenoids time immature, a nucleus, chromatoplast is sheet; Have multiple pyrenoids after growing up, multiple nucleus, chromatoplast is netted.Cell is cylindrical, kelly green, widely reaches 200 μm, and length can reach 1cm.Be distributed widely in and be rich in organic static shallow water, as arm of lake, pond, irrigation canals and ditches, calipers etc., easily fry is worked the mischief.
Scenedesmus obliquus (Scenedesmus obliquus): belong to Chlorophyta, be made up of 2,4 or 8 cells, each cell arrangement point-blank, or arranges slightly alternately.Cell is fusiform, and two ends are tapering, and the free surface of hecatomeral cells is recessed into sometimes, sometimes swells, and cell walls is level and smooth.Usually, cell is wide 3 ~ 9 μm, long 10 ~ 21 μm.For very common pelagic genera, cell inner protein is about 42%, easy mass propgation, can do the supplementary source of cattle food.
A Shi quivers algae (Oscillatoria agardhii): belong to Cyanophyta, Oscillatoria, and plant materials list is raw or many, and filament is directly walked or bending, and end is often comparatively thin, often assembles in pencil or skin shape, floats on water surface more.Cell is square, wide 4 ~ 6 μm, long 2.5 ~ 4 μm, cell cross wall both sides tool particle, and the pseudo-cavity of inclusion tool, terminal cell is calyptra sometimes.Be common in poisons in freshwater, as well limit, moist soil table, rock surface, rice field, irrigation canals and ditches, pond, lake, marsh, small stream river and seashore etc.
The present invention plants any one or more composition in above-mentioned six kinds of algaes in algae membrane bioreactor, make polyvinyl chloride resilient support forms algae biofilm, by the photosynthesis of algae film, absorb the nutritive element such as nitrogen, phosphorus in sewage, be converted into the tissue of frond self, when algae film grows to a certain degree, take out with carrier, avoid the difficulty that suspended alga is difficult to collect, re-start biofilm afterwards.
Described algae membrane bioreactor is divided into 3 ~ 8 sections, and be connected between section with section, sewage flows through second segment from first paragraph, then flows through the 3rd section ..., by this way, enter inclined-plate clarifying basin from final stage water out.Therefore the nutritive substance that the algae in first paragraph obtains is maximum, and grow also than comparatively fast, second segment takes second place, and like this through the effect of multistage algae, the nitrogen in sewage, phosphoric exhaust completely or substantially.The amount of the nutritive substance that every section of algae obtains is different, and their growing state is certainly not identical, according to the difference of their growing states, supplements in time, can realize the serialization biological treatment of sewage.
Microfiltration membrane be aperture at the mould material of 0.1 ~ 75 μm, the particles such as the gravel in solution, mud, clay and giardia lamblia, hidden armful of sub-worm, algae and some bacteriums etc. can be retained.Microfiltration membrane is widely used in the filtration treatment of sewage.Conventional organic microfiltration membrane has blend fiber ester millipore filtration, nitrocellulose filter, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane, cellulose acetate sheets, regenerated cellulose filter membrane, polymeric amide filter membrane, teflon membrane filter and polyvinyl chloride filter membrane etc.; Inorganic micro filtering membrane has ceramic microfiltration membrane, Alumina Membrane for Microfiltration, glass micro-filter film, silicon-dioxide microfiltration membrane and metal micro-filtration membrane etc.Tube type filter membrance processing efficiency is high, and the present invention adopts tube type filter membrance.
The positively effect that the present invention produces:
1. structure is simple, is easy to maintenance management.The present invention is mainly using algae membrane bioreactor as agent structure, algae is utilized to form algae biofilm, reach the object of denitrogenation dephosphorizing, its water outlet enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, the algae film come off is precipitated, prevent from blocking membrane module, the work-ing life of membrane component and prolong, decrease membrane module and pollute.
2. can not cause secondary pollution, running cost is cheap.The present invention only need provide basic nutritive substance at algae film formation stages, treatment stage do not need to provide extra pharmaceutical chemicals, algae can choose the common algae kind with high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization simultaneously, few to environmental requirement, only need the general growth that can meet algae, reduce the cost of denitrogenation dephosphorizing, the secondary pollutions such as pharmaceutical chemicals can not be produced to environment simultaneously, easy to maintenance.
3. wide adaptability, effluent quality is high, can carry out reuse.The present invention mainly utilizes algae to have special metabolic way, it can utilize the protoplasma of luminous energy and inorganics synthesis self, utilize it to carry out sewage disposal and effectively can remove N, P nutritive substance in sewage, reach the object of denitrogenation dephosphorizing, be applicable to all sewage to algae toxicological harmless effect, suitability is wide; In addition, water outlet of the present invention is permeate, and effluent quality is high, can carry out reuse.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method of the present invention.
Be numbered in figure: 1 pretreatment pool; 2 algae membrane bioreactors; 3 inclined-plate clarifying basins; 4 film filters.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, containing ammonia nitrogen 20mg/L, phosphorous 10mg/L, COD 300 the sewage of mg/L pass in pretreatment pool, add the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,200 ten thousand, add-on is the 1-5ppm of sewage quantity; Leave standstill 2h, removing precipitation, clean and dirt water enters the algae membrane bioreactor being divided into 4 sections, and every section of kind of reactor has Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae and sheath algae, and light intensity is 3000lux; The water flowed out from reactor final stage enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, add the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,200 ten thousand, add-on is the 1ppm of the water yield, leave standstill 2h, suspended substance is deposited, drain by the mud gathering system at the bottom of pond is unified, clear water tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane component filters, and the aperture of polymeric amide filter membrane is 8 ~ 10 μm; From the nitrogenous 0.35mg/L of tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane component water out, phosphorous 0.07mg/L, COD 13.56 mg/L.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, containing ammonia nitrogen 23mg/L, phosphorous 12mg/L, COD 320 the sewage of mg/L pass in pretreatment pool, add the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,000 ten thousand, add-on is the 1-5ppm of sewage quantity; Leave standstill 3h, removing precipitation, clean and dirt water enters the algae membrane bioreactor being divided into 6 sections, and every section of kind of reactor has Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi quiver algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum; Light intensity is 3200lux; The water flowed out from reactor final stage enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, add the polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 1,000 ten thousand, add-on is the 2ppm of the water yield, leave standstill 3h, suspended substance is deposited, drain by the mud gathering system at the bottom of pond is unified, clear water tubular type polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane component filters, and the aperture of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane is 8 ~ 10 μm; From the nitrogenous 0.31mg/L of tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane component water out, phosphorous 0.05mg/L, COD 12.97 mg/L.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, containing ammonia nitrogen 25mg/L, phosphorous 15mg/L, COD 350 the sewage of mg/L pass in pretreatment pool, add the cationic polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 6,000,000, add-on is the 1-5ppm of sewage quantity; Leave standstill 4h, removing precipitation, clean and dirt water enters the algae membrane bioreactor being divided into 8 sections, and front 4 sections of section kinds of reactor have Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi quiver algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum, rear four sections of kind Chlorella pyrenoidesas, Anabaena Flos-aquae and sheath algae; Intensity of illumination is 3200lux; The water flowed out from reactor final stage enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, add the cationic polyacrylamide that molecular weight is 6,000,000, add-on is the 3ppm of the water yield, leave standstill 4h, suspended substance is deposited, drain by the mud gathering system at the bottom of pond is unified, clear water tubular type silicon-dioxide micro-filtration membrane module filters, and the aperture of silicon-dioxide microfiltration membrane is 20 ~ 25 μm; From the nitrogenous 0.28mg/L of tubular type silicon-dioxide micro-filtration membrane module water out, phosphorous 0.04mg/L, COD 11.96 mg/L.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 1, algae membrane bioreactor is divided into three sections, and planting respectively in it has Chlorella pyrenoidesa, sheath algae and Anabaena Flos-aquae three kinds of mixed algaes, and light intensity is 5000lux, processes continuously sewage, and each stage Inlet and outlet water water quality situation is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Embodiment 5
Algae membrane bioreactor is divided into eight sections, and the processing parameter of sewage disposal is identical with embodiment 3, and investigate intensity of illumination to the impact of effluent quality, result is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
State sewage emission standard leading indicator requires as following table 3:
Table 3
Find out from table 2 and table 3 data, light intensity is at more than 2200lux, adopt method of the present invention to dispose of sewage, effluent quality reaches national sewage discharge one-level A standard, also finds out from table 2 data, light intensity is the effluent quality of 4000lux is the difference of 3000lux and 3500lux than light intensity, can promote that greatly algae absorbs ammonia nitrogen in sewage and phosphorus although reason is light intensity, also accelerate the metabolism of algae, accelerate algae maturation aging, make algae corrupt, cause secondary pollution.As long as but take out aging algae in time, supplement new algae, these problems can solve.
Sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method technique of the present invention is simple, and effectively can remove N, P nutritive substance in sewage, reach the object of advanced nitrogen dephosphorization, effluent quality is high.
Claims (1)
1. a sewage denitrification and dephosphorization deep treatment method, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) pre-treatment of sewage: sewage is precipitation removal macrobead suspended substance and fine inorganic thing in pretreatment pool first;
(2) algae membrane biological reaction process: enter algae membrane bioreactor through pretreated sewage, by the photosynthesis of algae, is converted into the nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus the body of algae or discharges with the form of precipitation;
Described algae membrane bioreactor is divided into 3 ~ 8 sections, and series connection uses, and is placed with carrier in pond, and inoculation algae, makes carrier forms algae biofilm; The light intensity of described algae membrane biological reaction process is for being no less than 2200lux;
The composition of the algae kind that described algae membrane biological reaction process adopts is Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Anabaena Flos-aquae, sheath algae, scenedesmus obliquus, A Shi quiver in algae and hydrodictyon reticulatum any one or they;
(3) sloping plate deposition process: the sewage crossed through algae bio reaction treatment enters inclined-plate clarifying basin, removes suspended substance;
(4) membrane filtration process: from the filtration of inclined-plate clarifying basin water out through membrane module, reaches country-level A standard from membrane module water quality out;
The pre-treatment of described sewage and sloping plate deposition treatment process add the flocculation agent of 1 ~ 5ppm, leave standstill flocculation sediment 2 ~ 4h; Described flocculation agent is polyacrylamide, and molecular weight is 6,000,000 ~ 1,200 ten thousand;
Described membrane module employing filter sizes is the tubular type polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane component of 8 ~ 10 μm, or filter sizes is 8 ~ 10 μm of tubular type polymeric amide filter membrane components, or filter sizes is the tubular type silicon-dioxide micro-filtration membrane module of 20 ~ 25 μm; These membrane modules can retain gravel, mud and clay particle in solution, also can retain giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, algae and some bacteriums.
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| CN104891678B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-09-07 | 内蒙古阜丰生物科技有限公司 | For administering the biologic product of the high-concentration waste water that amino acid fermentation produces |
| CN106698806A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 内蒙古天环境技术有限公司 | Biological and ecological multiplication reaction system |
| CN107963744A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-27 | 苏州赛比膜分离科技有限公司 | A kind of sewage treatment process |
| CN108795768A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-13 | 大连理工大学 | A method of being aerated culture microalgae using film |
| CN110002680A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-12 | 广西大学 | With the method for algae biofilm, flat micro-filtration dual membrane system processing sewage |
| CN110229756A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Utilize the method for fountain type novel photo-biological bioreactor culture chlorella pyrenoidosa |
| CN110698002A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 廖思凤 | Treatment method of domestic garbage fermentation bin sewage |
| CN111560923A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-21 | 南大（常熟）研究院有限公司 | Ecological soft enclosure for algae blocking, dirt intercepting and purifying and construction method thereof |
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| KR100426791B1 (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2004-04-14 | 학교법인조선대학교 | A method for ecological treatment of organic wastewater using alga and waterflea |
| CN1935688A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2007-03-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Water treatment method utilizing inserted algae bio-biomembrane system |
| KR101197244B1 (en) * | 2010-04-07 | 2012-11-05 | 한국과학기술연구원 | A Device for Treating Wastewater Comprising Nitrogen and Phosphorus and A Method for the Same |
| CN102336498B (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-03-13 | 蔡志武 | Nitrogen-phosphorus wastewater treating method by sequencing batch reactor coupled photobioreactor |
| CN103043851A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-17 | 新昌县冠阳技术开发有限公司 | Water treatment method of microalgae cultivation-flocculation clarifying-filtration in series connection |
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