CN103412438B - 显示基板及其制备方法、双稳态液晶显示面板 - Google Patents

显示基板及其制备方法、双稳态液晶显示面板 Download PDF

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CN103412438B
CN103412438B CN201310329809.4A CN201310329809A CN103412438B CN 103412438 B CN103412438 B CN 103412438B CN 201310329809 A CN201310329809 A CN 201310329809A CN 103412438 B CN103412438 B CN 103412438B
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display substrate
liquid crystal
biphenyl
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CN103412438A (zh
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李明超
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种显示基板及其制备方法、双稳态液晶显示面板，属于双稳态液晶显示技术领域，其可解决现有的双稳态液晶显示装置暗态透过率高、亮态透过率低的问题。本发明的显示基板包括基底，以及设于所述基底上的联苯聚合物层。本发明的显示基板的制备方法包括：在基底上施加联苯单体；对联苯单体施加平行于基底的电场，使联苯单体聚合为联苯聚合物层。本发明可用于双稳态液晶显示装置中，尤其是使用胆甾液晶的双稳态液晶显示装置。

Description

显示基板及其制备方法、双稳态液晶显示面板
技术领域
本发明属于双稳态液晶显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示基板及其制备方法、双稳态液晶显示面板。
背景技术
在常规液晶显示装置中，液晶分子在无电压时处于稳定态，在电压作用下分布状态改变，由于液晶分子在两种状态下光学性能(偏振性能、散射性能、反射性能等)不同，故通过控制电压即可控制液晶分子的光学性能，从而实现显示。但由于常规液晶显示装置中液晶分子只有一种稳定态，另一种状态需要电压才能维持，故为进行显示就必须持续提供电压，导致其能耗较高。
为降低能耗，人们提出了双稳态液晶显示装置的概念，其中使用的液晶分子在无电压时有两种光学性能不同的稳定状态，因此其不需电压即可持续显示画面，只在切换画面时供电即可，能耗大幅降低。例如，胆甾液晶在无电压时有焦锥构向和平面构向两种稳定态，液晶分子经历低压脉冲后回到无电压状态会稳定为焦锥构向，可散射光线(半透明，可对应亮态)，而若经历高压脉冲后回到无电压状态后则稳定为平面构向，可反射光线，且其反射光的波长与液晶分子螺距有关，故通过调整液晶分子的螺距分布可使其能反射全部可见光(可对应暗态)；也就是说，胆甾液晶在无电压时可实现反射与散射(半透明)两种不同状态，达到双稳态显示的效果。当然，对于双稳态液晶显示装置，其驱动方式(可采用无源驱动)等可与常规显示装置不同，在此不再详细描述。
但是，现有的双稳态液晶显示装置在暗态时的透过率较高，亮态时的透过率较低，故对比度低，显示效果不理想，
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题包括，针对现有的双稳态液晶显示装置暗态透过率高、亮态透过率低的问题，提供一种暗态透过率低、亮态透过率高的显示基板及其制备方法、双稳态液晶显示面板。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示基板，包括基底，以及设于所述基底上的联苯聚合物层。
其中，所述“基底”上除联苯聚合物层外，还设有其他已知的显示结构，如驱动阵列、公共电极、像素电极、彩膜等，从而使显示基板实现进行显示所需的功能；而所述“联苯聚合物层”是指由含联苯基团的单体(联苯单体)聚合而成的聚合物层。
本发明的显示基板中包括联苯聚合物层，而联苯聚合物层可改善与其接触的液晶分子的分布，从而使双稳态液晶显示装置的暗态透过率更低，亮态透过率更高，对比度提高，显示效果改善。
优选的是，所述显示基板为柔性显示基板。
优选的是，所述联苯聚合物层上还有分散分布的纳米金属颗粒。
进一步优选的是，所述纳米金属颗粒包括纳米金、纳米银、纳米铂中的至少一种。
进一步优选的是，所述纳米金属颗粒的粒径为4～6nm。
优选的是，形成所述联苯聚合物的联苯单体的通式为：
其中，n为1至3间的整数，x和y分别独立的选自1至7间的整数，R1和R2分别独立的选自-CH=CH2、-OCH2CH=CH2、-CH2NH2、-CH2COOH。
优选的是，所述联苯聚合物层由联苯单体在平行于基底的电场作用下聚合而成，其中，所述电场的频率为400～800Hz；所述电场强度为0.75～1.25V/cm；所述聚合时间为180～220s。
优选的是，所述联苯聚合物层的厚度为1～2μm。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种显示基板的制备方法，其包括：
在基底上施加联苯单体；
对联苯单体施加平行于基底的电场，使联苯单体聚合为联苯聚合物层。
本发明的显示基板的制备方法中，联苯单体在电场下聚合为联苯聚合物层，故通过控制电场的参数(如频率等)即可控制联苯聚合物层的形貌(如网孔尺寸)，从而使联苯聚合物层可起到最好的改善液晶分子取向的作用，进而使双稳态液晶显示装置的暗态透过率更低，亮态透过率更高，对比度提高。
优选的是，在形成所述联苯聚合物层后，还包括：至少使联苯聚合物层浸泡于纳米金属颗粒的悬浮液中，在联苯聚合物层上形成分散分布的纳米金属颗粒。
进一步优选的是，所述纳米金属颗粒包括纳米金、纳米银、纳米铂中的至少一种。
进一步优选的是，所述纳米金属颗粒的粒径为4～6nm。
进一步优选的是，所述悬浮液中纳米金属颗粒的浓度为0.9～1.1mol/L；所述浸泡时间为4.5～5.5h。
优选的是，所述联苯单体的通式为：
其中，n为1至3间的整数，x和y分别独立的选自1至7间的整数，R1和R2分别独立的选自-CH=CH2、-OCH2CH=CH2、-CH2NH2、-CH2COOH。
优选的是，所述电场的频率为400～800Hz；所述电场强度为0.75～1.25V/cm；所述聚合时间为180～220s。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种双稳态液晶显示面板，包括相互对盒的第一显示基板和第二显示基板，以及设于第一显示基板和第二显示基板间的液晶层；其中，
所述第一显示基板为上述的显示基板，且其带有联苯聚合物层的一侧位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧；
和/或
所述第二显示基板为上述的显示基板，且其带有联苯聚合物层的一侧位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧。
其中，一个双稳态液晶显示面板的两个显示基板是不同的，例如其中一个为驱动基板，另一个为彩膜基板等。
本发明的双稳态液晶显示面板中，至少一个显示基板为上述的带有联苯聚合物层的显示基板，故其可改善液晶分子的分布，使暗态透过率更低，亮态透过率更高，对比度提高。
优选的是，所述液晶层由胆甾液晶构成。
本发明可用于双稳态液晶显示装置中，尤其是使用胆甾液晶的双稳态液晶显示装置。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1的显示基板的剖面结构示意图；
图2为本发明的实施例2的双稳态液晶显示面板在暗态时的剖面结构示意图；
其中附图标记为：1、基底；2、联苯聚合物层；3、纳米金属颗粒；4、液晶分子；5、偏振片；6、封框胶。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1：
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种显示基板及其制备方法。
其中，显示基板包括基底1，在基底1上设有常规的显示结构(如驱动阵列、公共电极、像素电极、彩膜等)，由于这些显示结构是已知且多样的，故在此不再对其进行详细描述。
在基底1上还设有联苯聚合物层2，即由含联苯基团的单体聚合而成的聚合物层，该聚合物层可改变与其接触的液晶分子的分布方向，使液晶分子的分布更加均匀合理，从而改善双稳态液晶显示装置的暗态和亮态性能。
优选的，以上联苯聚合物层2的厚度为1～2μm。经研究发现，以上厚度范围的联苯聚合物层2可起到较好的改善液晶分子分布的效果。
优选的，形成联苯聚合物的联苯单体的通式为：
其中，n为1至3间的整数，x和y分别独立的选自1至7间的整数，R1和R2分别独立的选自-CH=CH2、-OCH2CH=CH2、-CH2NH2、-CH2COOH。
优选的，该联苯聚合物层2是由联苯单体在平行于基底1的电场作用下聚合而成；也就是说，可通过对联苯单体施加一定频率的电场而使其发生聚合，形成联苯聚合物层2，该联苯聚合物层2的形貌如(网孔尺寸)与电场参数(如频率)是相关的，因此可通过控制电场参数得到性能最好的联苯聚合物层2。其中，优选的电场参数如下：
电场的频率为400～800Hz；
电场强度为0.75～1.25V/cm；
聚合时间为180～220s。
具体的，形成电场的方式是多样的，例如可利用基底1上的显示结构中的引线施加电场，或者也可在基底1上贴附外加电极施加电场，在此不在详细描述。
优选的，在联苯聚合物层2上还有分散分布的纳米金属颗粒3；也就是说，在联苯聚合物层2上分布有尺寸在纳米量级的金属颗粒，且这些金属颗粒互不交叠，它们可进一步改善液晶分子的分布。
优选的，纳米金属颗粒3包括纳米金、纳米银、纳米铂中的至少一种。
优选的，纳米金属颗粒3的粒径为4～6nm。
优选的，显示基板为柔性显示基板；也就是说，显示基板的基底1及其上的显示结构优选是由柔性材料制成的，从而可用其形成柔性显示装置。由于本发明中的联苯聚合物层2是柔性的，可弯曲，故其特别适用于柔性显示装置中。
本实施例还提供上述显示基板的制备方法，其包括：
S01、在基底1上形成其他已知的显示结构(如驱动阵列、公共电极、像素电极、彩膜等)，由于这些显示结构的形成方法是已知的，故在此不再详细描述。
其中，所述基底1优选是由柔性材料支撑的。
S02、在完成上述步骤的基底1上施加联苯单体。
具体的，可将联苯单体溶于溶剂中制成溶液，再将溶液通过喷涂等方式施加在基板上，其中，溶剂可为烷烃类溶剂(如环己烷)、芳烃类溶剂(如甲苯)等，其中联苯单体的质量百分浓度优选为85～95%。
当然，如果通过旋涂等方式直接将联苯单体施加在基底1上也是可行的。
优选的，联苯单体为上述的联苯单体，即其通式为：
其中，n为1至3间的整数，x和y分别独立的选自1至7间的整数，R1和R2分别独立的选自-CH=CH2、-OCH2CH=CH2、-CH2NH2、-CH2COOH。
S03、对联苯单体施加平行于基底1的电场，使联苯单体聚合为联苯聚合物层2。
其中，所形成的联苯聚合物层2的聚合物网络的形貌与电场参数相关：电场频率低则聚合单体扩散快，形成的聚合网络疏松，网孔较大；电场频率高则阻碍单体的扩散，形成的聚合物网络致密，网孔较小。因此，可通过选择适当的电场参数来获得合适的聚合物形貌，以使液晶分子达到最好的分布。其中，优选的电场参数如下：
电场的频率为400～800Hz；
电场强度为0.75～1.25V/cm；
聚合时间为180～220s。
S04、优选的，至少使联苯聚合物层2浸泡于纳米金属颗粒3的悬浮液中(例如可将基底1整体浸泡)，在联苯聚合物层2上形成分散分布的纳米金属颗粒3，得到双稳态液晶显示面板。
也就是说，可将基底1浸泡在纳米金属颗粒3的悬浮液中，使纳米金属颗粒3自组装到联苯聚合物层2上。
优选的，悬浮液中纳米金属颗粒3的浓度为0.9～1.1mol/L；浸泡时间为4.5～5.5h。
优选的，纳米金属颗粒3包括纳米金、纳米银、纳米铂中至少一种。
优选的，纳米金属颗粒3的粒径为4～6nm。
按照上述方法和参数，以不同的联苯单体在不同参数下分别制造双稳态液晶显示面板，并将两个用同样方法制造的显示基板对盒，向其中注入胆甾液晶，得到双稳态液晶显示面板(每个显示面板中的两个显示基板上的显示结构不同，且形成两显示基板的联苯聚合物层2的电场优选平行且反向)，之后测试各双稳态液晶显示面板在亮态(对应液晶的焦锥构向)和暗态(对应液晶的平面构向)时的透过率。经测试发现，用按照本实施例的方法制备的显示基板组成的双稳态液晶显示面板的暗态透过频率在0.8～0.9%之间，亮态透过频率在75～80%之间；相对的，现有的常规双稳态液晶显示面板的暗态透过频率一般在1%以上，亮态透过频率一般在70%以下。
可见，本发明的显示基板可同时改善液晶分子在暗态和亮态的分布，降低双稳态液晶显示面板的暗态透过率，提高其亮态透过率，从而提高其对比度，改善其显示效果。
实施例2：
如图2所示，本实施例提供一种双稳态液晶显示面板，其由第一显示基板和第二显示基板对盒而成，其中：
第一显示基板为上述的显示基板，且其带有联苯聚合物层2的一侧位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧；
和/或
第二显示基板为上述的显示基板，且其带有联苯聚合物层2的一侧位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧。
也就是说，本实施例的双稳态液晶显示面板的两个显示基板中，至少有一个是上述的显示基板，且其联苯聚合物层2位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧(即接触液晶分子4的一侧)，从而可改善液晶分子4的分布，使暗态透过率更低，亮态透过率更高，对比度提高。
当然，一个双稳态液晶显示面板的两个显示基板显然是不同的，例如其中一个为驱动基板，另一个为彩膜基板等，在此不再详细描述。
优选的，第一显示基板和第二显示基板都为上述显示基板，从而可达到最好的改善液晶分子4分布的效果。其中，当两显示基板均为上述显示基板时，二者形成联苯聚合物层2时所用的电场优选是相互平行但反向的。
优选的，液晶层由胆甾液晶构成。胆甾液晶是双稳态液晶显示装置中常用的液晶类型，本发明的双稳态液晶显示面板特别适于采用胆甾液晶。
当然，对于双稳态液晶显示面板，其部分显示结构可与常规显示面板不同：例如，其可不采用薄膜晶体管阵列驱动，而采用无源驱动方式；再如，其中可没有偏振片(因其通过散射/反射的切换实现显示，故偏振片不是必须的)，或者也可使用两个透振方向相互垂直的偏振片5(主要用于改善在不同视角的视觉效果)。
当然，上述显示面板中还可包括基底1、纳米金属颗粒3、封框胶6等其他结构，在此不再详细描述。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (15)

1.一种显示基板，包括基底，其特征在于，所述显示基板还包括：
设于所述基底上的联苯聚合物层；
所述联苯聚合物层上还有分散分布的纳米金属颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其特征在于，
所述显示基板为柔性显示基板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其特征在于，
所述纳米金属颗粒包括纳米金、纳米银、纳米铂中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其特征在于，
所述纳米金属颗粒的粒径为4～6nm。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的显示基板，其特征在于，形成所述联苯聚合物的联苯单体的通式为：
其中，n为1至3间的整数，x和y分别独立的选自1至7间的整数，R1和R2分别独立的选自-CH＝CH2、-OCH2CH＝CH2、-CH2NH2、-CH2COOH。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述联苯聚合物层由联苯单体在平行于基底的电场作用下聚合而成，其中，
所述电场的频率为400～800Hz；
所述电场强度为0.75～1.25V/cm；
所述聚合时间为180～220s。
7.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的显示基板，其特征在于，
所述联苯聚合物层的厚度为1～2μm。
8.一种显示基板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
在基底上施加联苯单体；
对联苯单体施加平行于基底的电场，使联苯单体聚合为联苯聚合物层；
至少使联苯聚合物层浸泡于纳米金属颗粒的悬浮液中，在联苯聚合物层上形成分散分布的纳米金属颗粒。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示基板的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述纳米金属颗粒包括纳米金、纳米银、纳米铂中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求8所述的显示基板的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述纳米金属颗粒的粒径为4～6nm。
11.根据权利要求8所述的显示基板的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述悬浮液中纳米金属颗粒的浓度为0.9～1.1mol/L；
所述浸泡时间为4.5～5.5h。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任意一项所述的显示基板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述联苯单体的通式为：
其中，n为1至3间的整数，x和y分别独立的选自1至7间的整数，R1和R2分别独立的选自-CH＝CH2、-OCH2CH＝CH2、-CH2NH2、-CH2COOH。
13.根据权利要求8至11中任意一项所述的显示基板的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述电场的频率为400～800Hz；
所述电场强度为0.75～1.25V/cm；
所述聚合时间为180～220s。
14.一种双稳态液晶显示面板，包括相互对盒的第一显示基板和第二显示基板，以及设于第一显示基板和第二显示基板间的液晶层；其特征在于，
所述第一显示基板为权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的显示基板，且其带有联苯聚合物层的一侧位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧；
和/或
所述第二显示基板为权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的显示基板，且其带有联苯聚合物层的一侧位于双稳态液晶显示面板内侧。
15.根据权利要求14所述的双稳态液晶显示面板，其特征在于，
所述液晶层由胆甾液晶构成。
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