CN103411601A - Modulate and demodulate method of double-interference type fiber optic gyroscope based on optical path differencing - Google Patents
Modulate and demodulate method of double-interference type fiber optic gyroscope based on optical path differencing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modulate and demodulate method of a double-interference type fiber optic gyroscope based on optical path differencing. The modulate and demodulate method comprises following steps: optical signals from the output terminal of a polarization beam splitter are received by a first detector and a second detector; the optical signals in the fast and slow axes of polarization maintaining optical fibers are transformed into electrical signals; the electrical signals are processed by amplifer-filters and then are input into two A/D converters, and are transformed into digital signals by the two A/D converters; the digital signals and input into FPGA; modulator control signals output from FPGA are transformed into analog signals by a D/A converter, signal adjustment is driven by a modulator, and a double-interference type phase modulator is driven by the adjusted modulator control signals; closed-loop detection of a first circuit of the gyroscope is realized by a double-interference type phase modulator, the detection results are fed back to a second circuit of the gyroscope, and calculation results of the second circuit of the gyroscope are the final output results of completed optical path differencing. The modulate and demodulate method is capable of realizing optical path high-precision differential detection of the double-interference type fiber optic gyroscope, and increasing the reciprocity of the double-interference type fiber optic gyroscope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods based on the light path difference, belong to the fiber-optics gyroscope field.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is as development a kind of novel inertia angular-rate sensor very rapidly, with its distinctive technology and performance advantage, as structure of whole solid state, reliability is high, the life-span is long; Toggle speed is fast, and the response time is short; Measurement range is large, wide dynamic range; Shock resistance, vibration, resistance to chemical attack; Volume is little, lightweight, cost is low; Be applicable to producing in enormous quantities etc., be widely used in each field.
General optical fibre gyro form is single interfere type in the world, namely utilize fast axle or the slow axis of a set of light path (polarization-maintaining fiber coil) to realize the SAGNAC interferometer, rotate by according to the interference between the main wave train of two bundles of (CW), (CCW) propagation counterclockwise clockwise, resolving carrier respectively the SAGNAC phase shift caused.Although this interferometer is simple in structure, but the continuous expansion along with the optical fibre gyro application, contradiction between its volume, weight and precision, with existing technology and technological level, maintaining under the prerequisite of precision, further reduce volume, the very difficult realization breakthrough of weight, vice versa.
The two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes of difference are in a set of light path (polarization-maintaining fiber coil), utilize its fast axle and slow axis to realize respectively a SAGNAC interferometer, the output of this two-way interferometer presents difference form, and after difference was resolved, the SAGNAC effect was doubled.At present, what the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes of difference adopted is the circuit differential detection scheme, because the reciprocity of the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes of difference is based upon on the basis of accurate difference, so in order to guarantee the reciprocity of gyro, need to guarantee the parameter consistency of two alignment detection circuits, and this is to be difficult to realize in practice, this ability that will make the two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes of difference suppress environmental perturbation descends.
Summary of the invention
To the objective of the invention is in order addressing the above problem, to propose a kind of two interference type optical fiber gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods based on the light path difference, can realize the high precision light path Differential Detection of the two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes of difference.
Modulation-demo-demodulation method provided by the invention is specially:
The first detector and the second detector receive the light signal of polarization beam apparatus output terminal, light signal in polarization maintaining optical fibre is fast, slow axis converts respectively electric signal to, after processing, amplification filtering is input in two A/D converters respectively, through A/D converter, be converted to digital signal respectively, input FPGA.FPGA realizes the generation of the solution mediation modulator control signal of digital signal, the modulator control signal generated is converted into simulating signal by D/A converter, through modulator, drive and carry out signal adjustment rear drive birefringence formula phase-modulator again, utilize the different modulating of birefringence formula phase-modulator to the different polarization states light wave, the closed loop that realizes first via gyro A detects, simultaneously the testing result of first via gyro A is utilized birefringence modulator to feed back to No. second gyro B, by it from the output signal of No. second gyro B, deducting, now the calculation result (being provided by FPGA) of No. second gyro B has been the differentiated final output of light path.
A kind of implement device of the two interference type optical fiber gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods based on the light path difference, comprise that polarization beam apparatus, the first detector, the second detector, birefringent phase modulator, A/D converter A, A/D converter B, amplification filtering unit A, amplification filtering unit B, FPGA, D/A converter and modulator drive;
Two output terminals of polarization beam apparatus are connected with the input end of the second detector with the input end of the first detector respectively, the output terminal of the first detector is connected with the input end of amplification filtering unit A, the output terminal of the second detector is connected with the input end of amplification filtering unit B, the output terminal of amplification filtering unit A is connected with the input end of A/D converter A, the output terminal of amplification filtering unit B is connected with the input end of A/D converter B, the output terminal of the output terminal of A/D converter A and A/D converter B is connected with the input end of FPGA respectively, the output terminal of FPGA is connected with the input end of D/A converter, the output terminal of D/A converter is connected with the input end that modulator drives, the output terminal that modulator drives is connected with birefringent phase modulator input end, the two-fold phase place is penetrated the end that modulator is connected into fiber optic loop.Finally, the difference tach signal demodulated is provided by FPGA.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) realized the modulation-demo-demodulation method based on two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes of light path difference, compared to traditional circuit difference method, the Differential Detection precision is higher, can eliminate more accurately the poor and environmental drift of the proper phase existed in light path;
(2) reduced the conforming requirement of circuit, improved the reciprocity of the two interference optical fiber gyros of difference type.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on two interference type optical fiber gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods and the implement device structured flowchart of light path difference;
Fig. 2 a is square-wave frequency modulation waveform corresponding to suitable, the counterclockwise light wave of synchronization;
Fig. 2 b is HVDC Modulation waveform corresponding to suitable, the counterclockwise light wave of synchronization;
Fig. 3 is the modulation waveform applied on the birefringent phase modulator;
Fig. 4 is that square-wave modulation signal applies the feedback voltage waveform;
Fig. 5 is the first detector place interference light intensity and phase modulation relation (being responsible for closed loop);
Fig. 6 is the second detector place interference light intensity and phase modulation relation (being responsible for phase place resolves);
Fig. 7 is that in FPGA, signal resolves processing flow chart.
In figure:
1-polarization beam apparatus 2-first detector 3-the second detector
4-amplification filtering unit A 5-amplification filtering unit B 6-A/D converter A
7-A/D converter B 8-FPGA 9-D/A converter
The 10-modulator drives 11-birefringent phase modulator
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is a kind of two interfere type closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope instrument modulation-demo-demodulation methods and implement device thereof based on the light path difference, as shown in Figure 1, described implement device comprise polarization beam apparatus 1, the first detector 2, the second detector 3, birefringence modulator 11, A/D converter A6, A/D converter B7, amplification filtering unit A4, amplification filtering unit B 5, FPGA8, D/A converter 9 and, modulator drives 10.;
The first detector 2 and the second detector 3 will be fast through polarization maintaining optical fibre that polarization beam apparatus 1 separates, the light signal in slow axis converts respectively electric signal to, two path signal is input in A/D converter A6 and A/D converter B7 respectively after amplification filtering unit A4 and the 5 amplification filtering processing of amplification filtering unit B, through A/D converter A6 and A/D converter B7, be converted to digital signal, input FPGA8.The modulation /demodulation program that has included the light path difference in FPGA8, the solution that can realize rotating digital signal is in harmonious proportion the generation of modulator control signal, the modulator control signal generated is converted into simulating signal by D/A converter 9, through modulator, drive 10 again and carry out signal condition rear drive birefringence formula phase-modulator 11, utilize the different modulating of 11 pairs of different polarization states light waves of birefringence formula phase-modulator, the closed loop that realizes first via gyro A detects, simultaneously the testing result of first via gyro A is utilized birefringent phase modulator 11 to feed back to No. second gyro B, by it from the output signal of No. second gyro B, deducting, now the calculation result (being provided by FPGA8) of No. second gyro B has been the differentiated final output of light path.
In the present invention, polarization beam apparatus 1 is the PBS-1*2-1550-S-N type polarization beam apparatus of Tianjin Jun Feng Science and Technology Ltd.; Detector (the first detector 2 and the second detector 3) is the PFTM901-001 type photodetector of Wuhan Telecommunication Devices Co., Ltd; A/D converter (A/D converter A6 and A/D converter B7) is selected the MAX106 of Maxim.FPGA(FPGA8) select cycolin to think the sparton3 of company family chip.D/A converter 9 is selected the AD9742 of AD company.Modulator drives the AD8009 of 10 use AD companies.
The birefringent phase modulator 11 used in the present invention allows the light wave of X, two axles of Y to pass through simultaneously, but has the different indexes of modulation (to be made as respectively k to two axles
XAnd k
Y).There are two kinds of different modulation in 11 pairs of light waves of birefringent phase modulator herein, the first modulation proportion equals the square wave of gyro eigenfrequency, now the light wave of clockwise X-axis and Y-axis always postpones a fiber optic loop eigenperiod with respect to the light wave of anticlockwise X-axis and Y-axis, and its square-wave frequency modulation waveform as shown in Figure 2 a.Phase modulation to directions X gyro and Y-direction gyro can be expressed as (V
0Mean the square wave amplitude):
Φ
X=(k
X+k
Y)V
0 Φ
Y=(k
X+k
Y)V
0
Be square-wave frequency modulation be identical to the phase modulation of two axis gyroscope.Constant DC voltage is adopted in another kind of modulation, modulation waveform as shown in Figure 2 b, wherein τ is light wave transmits a circle experience in fiber optic loop time, and the eigenfrequency of corresponding fiber optic loop is 1/2 τ, now to the phase modulation of directions X gyro and Y-direction gyro, can be expressed as (V
1Mean the DC voltage amplitude):
Φ′
X=(k
X-k
Y)V
1 Φ′
Y=-(k
X-k
Y)V
1
Be the opposite in sign of HVDC Modulation to the phase modulation of two axis gyroscope.By these two kinds of modulating actions, can complete the path difference offshoot program.
In this programme, use respectively the two-way output of the first detector 2 and 3 pairs of optical fibre gyros of the second detector to survey, the interference light intensity I of its output
1, I
2Be shown below respectively:
I
1=I
0cos(Φ
0+Φ
m1+Φ
m2+Φ
s) I
2=I
0cos(Φ
0+Φ′
m1+Φ′
m2-Φ
s)
I wherein
0For arriving the direct current light intensity of the first detector 2 and the second detector 3, Φ
0For proper phase poor, Φ
M1And Φ '
M1For the phase modulation that square-wave frequency modulation is introduced, Φ
M2And Φ '
M2The phase modulation of introducing for HVDC Modulation is (wherein by the modulation character Φ as can be known of birefringent phase modulator 11
M1=Φ '
M1, Φ
M2=-Φ '
M2).The first detector 2 and the second detector 3 convert the light signal of detection to electric signal, through amplification filtering unit A4 and B5 filtering noise and after amplifying, then through A/D converter A6, with A/D converter B7, analog signal conversion are become in digital signal input FPGA8.In FPGA8, include the digital processing program, its signal resolves treatment scheme as shown in Figure 7, the program initialization stage at first by the birefringent phase modulator apply without direct current biasing ± the pi/2 square-wave frequency modulation, then the gyro output speed is carried out to demodulation, demodulation is carried out in a square-wave cycle, when during the square wave high level, gyro output was with the square wave low level, the difference of gyro output was current gyroscope speed.After initialization completed, gyro demodulation process flow process be take 5 square-wave cycle and is a feedback cycle, and square wave is carried out to 0 to 4 cycle count.The feedback waveform of waveguide in current feedback cycle is determined by the value of feedback of last feedback cycle.Not demodulation gyro output speed in first square-wave cycle of feedback cycle, the gyro signal of in rear four square-wave cycle, two detectors being surveyed carries out rotating speed demodulation tone pitch integration, and the 5th square-wave cycle to current feedback cycle in the gyro demodulation integrated value of rear four square-wave cycle be averaged, obtain feedback signal, by feedback signal, control the direct current biasing of modulated square wave, first via gyro is carried out to closed loop.Judge simultaneously whether feedback phase reaches 2 π, as reach 2 π and setover and reset.By FPGA8, by the output of the restituted signal of first via gyro, convert digital signal to simulating signal through D/A converter 9, modulator drives 10 pairs of simulating signals and adjusts rear drive birefringent phase modulator 11.By on birefringent phase modulator 11, applying suitable modulation waveform, (namely in the mode of the certain direct current biasing of periodic square wave stack, the two-way gyro is modulated, wherein the phase place Φ of modulation as shown in Figure 3
M1In the realization of=± pi/2 as traditional gyro ± the pi/2 bias modulation, and this modulation is identical for two gyros; Phase modulation Φ
M2=-Φ
0-Φ
sFor realizing the closed loop of X-axis gyro, and, because the direct current biasing modulation is opposite for the modulation symbol of two axis gyroscope, can, by X-axis output from Y-axis output, deducting, realize the light path difference).Realize the closed loop of first via gyro, and working point is at ± pi/2 place, increased sensitivity, (what in figure, coordinate axis top meaned is that first via interferometer interference light intensity changes by the cosine rule to its interference waveform as shown in Figure 5, bottom is additional phase-modulation waveform, by phase-modulation, the working point of interferometer is locked in ± pi/2, actual detector output waveform for the amplitude that has spike as shown in the upper right corner near 0 waveform.)。For No. second gyro, its working point is at-2 Φ
s(what in figure, coordinate axis top meaned is that No. second interferometer interference light intensity changes by the cosine rule, and bottom is additional phase-modulation waveform, by phase-modulation, the working point of interferometer is locked in to-2 Φ as shown in Figure 6 for ± pi/2, its interference waveform
s± pi/2, actual detector output waveform is the waveform that has spike as shown in the upper right corner.), by its demodulation, calculating 2 Φ
sThereby, under fiber optic loop area and the constant condition of fiber lengths, realized the multiplication of SAGNAC effect.
Claims (5)
1. two interferometric fiber optic gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods of realizing the light path difference, it is characterized in that: the light signal that is received the polarization beam apparatus output terminal by the first detector and the second detector, light signal in polarization maintaining optical fibre is fast, slow axis converts respectively electric signal to, after processing, amplification filtering is input in two A/D converters respectively, through two A/D converters, be converted to digital signal respectively, input FPGA, FPGA realizes the generation of the solution mediation modulator control signal of digital signal, the modulator control signal generated is converted into simulating signal by D/A converter, through modulator, drive and carry out signal adjustment rear drive birefringence formula phase-modulator again, utilize the different modulating of birefringence formula phase-modulator to the different polarization states light wave, the closed loop that realizes first via gyro detects, simultaneously the testing result of first via gyro is utilized birefringence modulator to feed back to No. second gyro, by it from the output signal of No. second gyro, deducting, now the calculation result of No. second gyro has been the differentiated final output of light path, the closed loop testing point of described first via gyro is at ± pi/2 place, and gyro working point, No. second is at-2 Φ
s± pi/2, by namely calculating 2 Φ to its demodulation
sthereby, under fiber optic loop area and the constant condition of fiber lengths, realized the multiplication of SAGNAC effect.
2. a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods of realizing the light path difference according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described birefringent phase modulator allows the light wave of X, two axles of Y to pass through simultaneously, and the index of modulation is made as respectively k
XAnd k
YThere are two kinds of different modulation in the birefringent phase modulator to light wave herein, the first modulation proportion equals the square wave of gyro eigenfrequency, now the light wave of clockwise X-axis and Y-axis always postpones a fiber optic loop eigenperiod with respect to the light wave of anticlockwise X-axis and Y-axis, to the phase modulation Φ of directions X gyro and Y-direction gyro
XAnd Φ
YBe expressed as:
Φ
X=(k
X+k
Y)V
0 Φ
Y=(k
X+k
Y)V
0
V wherein
0Mean the square wave amplitude; Be square-wave frequency modulation be identical to the phase modulation of two axis gyroscope;
Constant DC voltage is adopted in another kind of modulation, now to the phase modulation Φ ' of directions X gyro and Y-direction gyro
XAnd Φ '
YBe expressed as:
Φ′
X=(k
X-k
Y)V
1 Φ′
Y=-(k
X-k
Y)V
1
V wherein
1Mean the DC voltage amplitude; Be the opposite in sign of HVDC Modulation to the phase modulation of two axis gyroscope; By these two kinds of modulating actions, complete the light path difference.
3. a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods of realizing the light path difference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described the first detector and the second detector are surveyed the two-way output of optical fibre gyro, the interference light intensity I of its output
1, I
2Be shown below respectively:
I
1=I
0cos(Φ
0+Φ
m1+Φ
m2+Φ
s) I
2=I
0cos(Φ
0+Φ′
m1+Φ′
m2-Φ
s)
I wherein
0For arriving the direct current light intensity of the first detector and the second detector, Φ
0For proper phase poor, Φ
M1And Φ '
M1For the phase modulation that square-wave frequency modulation is introduced, Φ
M2And Φ '
M2Phase modulation for the HVDC Modulation introducing.
4. a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscope modulation-demo-demodulation methods of realizing the light path difference according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described FPGA realizes that the demodulation of digital signal is specially:
At first by the birefringent phase modulator apply without direct current biasing ± the pi/2 square-wave frequency modulation, then the gyro output speed is carried out to demodulation, demodulation is carried out in a square-wave cycle, when during the square wave high level, gyro output was with the square wave low level, the difference of gyro output was current gyroscope speed;
Secondly, gyro demodulation process flow process be take 5 square-wave cycle and is a feedback cycle, and square wave is carried out to 0 to 4 cycle count; The feedback waveform of waveguide in current feedback cycle is determined by the value of feedback of last feedback cycle; Not demodulation gyro output speed in first square-wave cycle of feedback cycle, the gyro signal of in rear four square-wave cycle, two detectors being surveyed carries out rotating speed demodulation tone pitch integration, and the 5th square-wave cycle to current feedback cycle in the gyro demodulation integrated value of rear four square-wave cycle be averaged, obtain feedback signal, by feedback signal, control the direct current biasing of modulated square wave, first via gyro is carried out to closed loop; Judge simultaneously whether feedback phase reaches 2 π, as reach 2 π and setover and reset.
5. an implement device of realizing the modulation-demo-demodulation method described in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise that polarization beam apparatus, the first detector, the second detector, birefringent phase modulator, A/D converter A, A/D converter B, amplification filtering unit A, amplification filtering unit B, FPGA, D/A converter and modulator drive;
Two output terminals of polarization beam apparatus are connected with the input end of the second detector with the input end of the first detector respectively, the output terminal of the first detector is connected with the input end of amplification filtering unit A, the output terminal of the second detector is connected with the input end of amplification filtering unit B, the output terminal of amplification filtering unit A is connected with the input end of A/D converter A, the output terminal of amplification filtering unit B is connected with the input end of A/D converter B, the output terminal of the output terminal of A/D converter A and A/D converter B is connected with the input end of FPGA respectively, the output terminal of FPGA is connected with the input end of D/A converter, the output terminal of D/A converter is connected with the input end that modulator drives, the output terminal that modulator drives is connected with birefringent phase modulator input end, the two-fold phase place is penetrated the end that modulator is connected into fiber optic loop, finally, the difference tach signal demodulated is provided by FPGA.
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