CN103411598B - A kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference - Google Patents
A kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference. In described measuring method, the A end of light source and coupler is fused to fusing point O with 45 °1, the C end of coupler is fused to fusing point O with the A end of birefringence modulator with 0 °2, B end and the C end of birefringence modulator are fused to fusing point O with the two ends of polarization-maintaining fiber coil with 0 ° respectively3With fusing point O4, the mid point O of fiber optic loop simultaneously5Be 90 ° to axle welding, the B of coupler end is fused to fusing point O with the input of polarization beam apparatus with 0 °5, two outputs of polarization beam apparatus respectively with the first detector and the second detector welding, the driving signal of birefringence modulator is produced by signal generator, the output signal of detector is observed by oscillograph. The present invention has realized the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, has avoided because parameter is determined inaccurate bring to gyro sensitivity and precision deteriorated, and method is simple to operate, and certainty of measurement is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, belong to optical fiber topSpiral shell technical field.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is as development a kind of novel inertia angular-rate sensor very rapidly, with its distinctive technology and performance advantage,As structure of whole solid state, reliability is high, the life-span is long; Toggle speed is fast, and the response time is short; Measurement category is large, wide dynamic range;Shock resistance, vibration, resistance to chemical attack; Volume is little, lightweight, cost is low; Be applicable to producing in enormous quantities etc., be widely used inEach field.
General optical fibre gyro form is single interfere type in the world, utilize a set of light path (polarization-maintaining fiber coil) fast axle orPerson's slow axis is realized SAGNAC interferometer, by main according to two bundles that (CW), counterclockwise (CCW) propagate clockwise respectivelyInterference between the wave train is resolved carrier and is rotated the SAGNAC phase shift causing. Although this interferometer is simple in structure, along withThe continuous expansion of optical fibre gyro application, the contradiction between its volume, weight and precision, with existing technology andTechnological level, under the prerequisite that maintains precision, further reduces volume, the very difficult realization breakthrough of weight, and vice versa.
The two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes of difference are in a set of light path (polarization-maintaining fiber coil), utilize its fast axle and slow axis respectivelyRealize a SAGNAC interferometer, the output of this two-way interferometer presents difference form, after difference is resolved, and SAGNACEffect is doubled. The two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes of difference based on light path difference pass through to adopt the modulation and demodulation method of light path difference,Can accurately eliminate the common-mode error that proper phase is poor and gyro produces in each road gyro, double turning effect simultaneously, betterThe reciprocity of the two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes of maintenance difference. But according to its principles of modulation and demodulation, if 2 π reset, corresponding waveguide is drivenThere is error in the measurement of moving magnitude of voltage, can cause the locking failure at reduction point of a road gyro wherein, and it detects error will be directlyCause the two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes of difference to exist in the output in this moment abnormal, have a strong impact on the practical application of gyro.
Summary of the invention
To the object of the invention is in order addressing the above problem, to propose a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π based on light path difference multiplePosition voltage measurement method.
Two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, are specially: narrow spectrum light source outputPolarized lightwave through 45 ° of cross-couplings produced two amplitudes equate, the orthogonal light wave in polarization direction, pass through successively couplerWith birefringence modulator input polarization-maintaining fiber coil; Produce by signal generator and be biased to 0, frequency is fiber optic loop eigenfrequency 2Waveguide doubly drives signal to birefringence modulator; Conditioning signal generator produces the square wave amplitude of waveguide driving signal simultaneously, makesObtain the signal of exporting on oscillograph and meet following requirement:
Output signal when output signal is with gyro closed loop on oscillograph is identical, is the direct current signal that has spike, adjacent spikeBetween the time interval be fiber optic loop a transition time.
Now phase modulation corresponding to square wave amplitude is ± π, and 2 π reset, corresponding magnitude of voltage is 2 times of the party's wave amplitude.
An implement device for two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, comprise light source,Coupler, birefringence modulator, fiber optic loop, polarization beam apparatus, the first detector, the second detector, signal generator and showRipple device.
Described coupler is four port devices, is respectively A end, B end, C end and D end, and described birefringence modulator is threePort devices, is respectively A ' end, port B ' and port C '. The A end of light source and coupler is fused to fusing point O with 45 °1, couplingC end and the input A ' end of birefringence modulator of device are fused to fusing point O with 0 °2, the B ' end of birefringence modulator and C ' end pointTwo ends other and polarization-maintaining fiber coil are fused to fusing point O with 0 °3With fusing point O4, the mid point O of fiber optic loop simultaneously5Be 90 ° to axle welding,B end and the input of polarization beam apparatus of coupler are fused to fusing point O with 0 °6, two outputs of polarization beam apparatus are respectively withOne detector and the second detector welding, the driving signal of birefringence modulator is produced by signal generator, the first detector orThe output signal of two detectors is observed by oscillograph.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention proposes the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, the method is measured letterSingle, precision is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring systems based on optics difference;
Fig. 2 is fusing point O1Place's light wave schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that optical fiber is to axle welding schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is light wave propagation schematic diagram in fiber optic loop;
Fig. 5 is signal generator output waveform during 2 π reset waveguide driving voltage amplitude corresponding and measure;
Fig. 6 is interference light intensity and phase modulation relation (responsible phase place solution during 2 π reset waveguide driving voltage amplitude corresponding and measureCalculate).
In figure:
1-light source 2-coupler 3-birefringence modulator
4-fiber optic loop 5-polarization beam apparatus 6-the first detector
7-the second detector 8-oscillograph 9-signal generator
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is a kind of two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, its theory diagram asShown in Fig. 1, comprise light source 1, coupler 2, birefringence modulator 3, fiber optic loop 4, polarization beam apparatus 5, the first detector 6,The second detector 7, oscillograph 8 and signal generator 9;
Light source 1 is fused to fusing point O with the A end of coupler 2 with 45 °1, the C end of coupler 2 and the A ' of birefringence modulator 3End is fused to fusing point O with 0 °2, the B ' end of birefringence modulator 3 and C ' end respectively with two inputs of polarization-maintaining fiber coil 4 with 0 °Be fused to fusing point O3, fusing point O4, fiber optic loop mid point O5Place's (M point in Fig. 1) adopts 90 ° to axle welding, coupler 2B end is fused to fusing point O with the input of polarization beam apparatus 5 with 0 °6, two outputs of polarization beam apparatus 5 respectively with the first spySurvey device 6 and the second detector 7 weldings, the driving signal of birefringence modulator 3 is produced by signal generator 9, the first detectorOr the output of the second detector connects oscillograph, and its signal output waveform is observed by oscillograph. Concrete optical fiber is to axleWelding as shown in Figure 3.
In the present invention, light source 1 is selected the LASER Light Source with high-polarization, and birefringence modulator 3 is selected Ti diffusion Integrated LightLearn modulator; Coupler 2 is selected polarization-maintaining coupler, and model is the PMC-X-2*2-1550-50/50-0-4X of Shenzhen Lang Guang companyType polarization-maintaining coupler; Fiber optic loop 4 is selected polarization-maintaining fiber coil; Polarization beam apparatus 5 is Tianjin Jun Feng Science and Technology Ltd.PBS-1*2-1550-S-N type polarization beam apparatus; Detector (the first detector 6 and the second detector 7) is Wuhan telecommunications devicesThe PFTM901-001 type photodetector of Co., Ltd; Signal generator 9 is selected the AFG3102 of Imtech; Oscillograph 8Select the TDS1012. of Imtech
Light source 1 polarization light output, at fusing point O1Place because 45 ° to axle welding, input line polarised light produced amplitude equate,Orthogonal two wave train X in polarization direction and Y, (quick shaft direction that wherein fast axle is polarization maintaining optical fibre, uses Y as shown in Figure 2Represent that the slow-axis direction that slow axis is polarization maintaining optical fibre represents with X), when wave train X and Y enter light through birefringence modulator 3Fibre encircles at 4 o'clock, all has separately the light wave of two polarization directions at the two ends of fiber optic loop 4, and this four bundles light wave transmits in opposite directions. Due toFiber optic loop 4 in the present invention adopts 90 ° of weldings of mid point, thus in the time of transmission light process fiber optic loop 4 mid point, can change its transmission axle,When concrete light wave transmissions path and light wave process birefringence modulator 3, residing polarization state as shown in Figure 4.
The birefringence modulator 3 that two interference type optical fiber gyroscopes based on light path difference use is Ti diffusion integrated optical modulator, itsAllow the light wave of X, two axles of Y to pass through simultaneously, but have the different indexes of modulation (to be made as respectively K to two axles1And K2）。This birefringence modulator 3 is introduced two kinds of modulation systems, and one is square-wave frequency modulation, and its phase modulation to two gyros is identical; SeparatelyOne is HVDC Modulation, and its phase modulation to two gyros is contrary. Enter when adopting DC quantity (establishing voltage magnitude size for V1)When row modulation, two phase modulation φ that gyro experiences1And φ1 ′Symbol is contrary, is respectively:
φ1＝(K1-K2)V1φ1 ′＝-(K1-K2)V1
In modulation scheme, realize a road closed loop and light path difference with this HVDC Modulation, the present invention will accurately measure this exactlyUnder modulation waveform, corresponding to the magnitude of voltage of 2 π, obtain:
(K1-K2)V1＝2π
In magnitude of voltage V1。
The method of measuring the magnitude of voltage V1 that 2 π reset corresponding for using signal generator 9 to produce to be biased to 0, frequency equals optical fiberEncircle the square wave of 4 eigenfrequency twices, its waveform as shown in Figure 5. Now, because birefringence modulator 3 is positioned at fiber optic loop 4One end, the light wave of both forward and reverse directions will have a time difference through birefringence modulator 3, and this time difference is the basis of fiber optic loop 4Levy the cycle, in the time that proportion is the square-wave frequency modulation of fiber optic loop 4 eigenfrequency twices, the phase modulation φ that each gyro is subject to canTo be expressed as:
φ＝±(K1-K2)V1 ′
Wherein, V '1For being applied to the amplitude of the modulated square wave in waveguide. This exists with the expression formula that adopts the phase difference of introducing when HVDC ModulationConsistent in form. By regulating the amplitude of square wave, until the output perseverance on oscillograph 8 is that detector is defeated during with gyro closed loopGo out the signal that signal is identical, be the direct current signal that has spike, and time interval between adjacent spike equals one of fiber optic loopTransition time, waveform as shown in Fig. 6 upper right corner, now should be ± π of phase modulation corresponding to square wave amplitude, as shown in Figure 6, thisTime the 2 π corresponding magnitude of voltage that resets should be just the twice that signal generator 9 produces square wave amplitude.
In this way, can accurately measure the 2 π corresponding driving voltage value that resets, thereby improve light path differential detection schemeAccuracy of detection.
Claims (2)
1. the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, is characterized in that: narrow spectrum light sourceOutput polarization light wave through 45 ° of cross-couplings produced two amplitudes equate, the orthogonal light wave in polarization direction, pass through successively couplingClose device and birefringence modulator input polarization-maintaining fiber coil; Produce by signal generator and be biased to 0, frequency be fiber optic loop intrinsic frequentlyThe waveguide that rate is 2 times drives signal to birefringence modulator; Conditioning signal generator produces the square wave amplitude of waveguide driving signal simultaneously,Make the signal of exporting on oscillograph meet following requirement:
Output signal when output signal is with gyro closed loop on oscillograph is identical, is the direct current signal that has spike, adjacent spikeBetween the time interval be fiber optic loop a transition time;
Now phase modulation corresponding to square wave amplitude is ± π, and the 2 π corresponding magnitude of voltage that resets is that signal generator produces square wave width2 times;
Described birefringence modulator allows the light wave of X, two axles of Y to pass through simultaneously, and the index of modulation is made as respectively K1And K2, two-foldPenetrate modulator 3 and introduce two kinds of modulation systems, one is square-wave frequency modulation, and its phase modulation to two gyros is identical; Another kind isHVDC Modulation, its phase modulation to two gyros is contrary; In the time adopting DC quantity to modulate, two tune that gyro experiencesPhase processed1And φ '1Symbol is contrary, is respectively:
φ1＝(K1-K2)V1φ′1＝-(K1-K2)V1
Wherein, DC voltage amplitude size is V1；
Measure the magnitude of voltage V that 2 π reset corresponding1Method be biased to 0 for using signal generator to produce, frequency equals fiber optic loop intrinsicThe square wave of frequency twice, the phase modulation φ that each gyro is subject to is expressed as:
φ＝±(K1-K2)V′1
Wherein, V '1For being applied to the amplitude of the modulated square wave in waveguide;
By regulating the amplitude of square wave, until the output perseverance on oscillograph is the identical signal of detector output signal during with gyro closed loop,Now should be ± π of phase modulation corresponding to square wave amplitude, the 2 π corresponding magnitude of voltage that resets should be just signal generator generation side soThe twice of wave amplitude, according to:
(K1-K2)V1＝2π
Obtain magnitude of voltage V1。
2. an implement device for the two interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes 2 π resetting voltage measuring methods based on light path difference, is characterized in that:Comprise light source, coupler, birefringence modulator, fiber optic loop, polarization beam apparatus, the first detector, the second detector, signalGenerator and oscillograph;
Described coupler is four port devices, is respectively A end, B end, C end and D end, and described birefringence modulator is threePort devices, is respectively A ' end, port B ' and port C '; The A end of light source and coupler is fused to fusing point O with 45 °1, couplingC end and the input A ' end of birefringence modulator of device are fused to fusing point O with 0 °2, the B ' end of birefringence modulator and C ' end pointTwo ends other and polarization-maintaining fiber coil are fused to fusing point O with 0 °3With fusing point O4, the mid point O of fiber optic loop simultaneously5Be 90 ° to axle welding,B end and the input of polarization beam apparatus of coupler are fused to fusing point O with 0 °6, two outputs of polarization beam apparatus are respectively withOne detector and the second detector welding, the driving signal of birefringence modulator is produced by signal generator, the first detector orThe output signal of two detectors is observed by oscillograph.
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| CN104197925B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photonic bandgap fiber gyroscope based on phase optimization and inhibition method for fiber core refractive index mismatch induced offset errors thereof |
| CN104374410B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-08-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | The measurement apparatus and method of fiber optic loop welding point reflection in a kind of photon band-gap optical fiber gyro |
| CN106556387A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-04-05 | 北京浦丹光电股份有限公司 | A kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme |
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| CN109459012A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 重庆华渝电气集团有限公司 | A kind of 2 π voltage parameter full-digital servo of optical fibre gyro adjustment device and method |
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| CN116045952B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-16 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Polarization maintaining fiber-optic gyroscope and peak removing method thereof |
| CN117433500B (en) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-04-02 | 广东奥斯诺工业有限公司 | Polarization mode multiplexing double-optical-path fiber gyroscope based on photon chip |
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| CN101270991B (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2011-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | System for measuring interfere type optic fiber gyroscope eigenfrequency and half-wave voltage adopting square wave modulation |
| CN101876726B (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2012-11-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multiplexing combined polarization-preserving fiber ring implementation method and polarization-preserving fiber ring |
| CN101881669B (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-11-09 | 浙江大学 | Real-time closed-loop measuring and tracking method of half-wave voltage of integrated electro-optical phase modulator |
| WO2012048448A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | 北京大学 | Method for eliminating zero drift of interference all-fiber-optic gyroscope and interference all-fiber-optic gyroscope corresponding to the same |
| CN102520374B (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2014-04-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical fiber magnetic field sensor digital closed loop detection device with double modulation characteristics |
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| CN102840869B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2015-04-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Measuring method for fiber optic gyroscope eigenfrequency |
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