CN106556387A - A kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme - Google Patents
A kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme Download PDFInfo
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- CN106556387A CN106556387A CN201510621753.9A CN201510621753A CN106556387A CN 106556387 A CN106556387 A CN 106556387A CN 201510621753 A CN201510621753 A CN 201510621753A CN 106556387 A CN106556387 A CN 106556387A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
Abstract
A kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme, design theory of the matching technique using interference type optical fiber gyroscope light path, realize matching, luminous power matching, optical polarization matching and the Spectral matching of fiber type, from theory, engineering, technique, product quality etc. it is at all levels on, solve due to the mismatch of optics well and caused, perplex that optical fibre gyro industry yield rate intrinsic for many years is low, performance indications are low, technique is unstable, the low knotty problem of production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention is related to a kind of interference formula technical field of optical fiber sensing, it is proposed that a kind of optical fiber
Gyro light device matching scheme, design of the matching technique using interference type optical fiber gyroscope light path
Theory, realizes type matching, luminous power matching, optical polarization matching and the spectrum of optical fiber
Matching, from the every aspects such as theory, engineering, technique, product quality, is solved well
It is caused due to the mismatch of optics, perplex optical fibre gyro industry it is intrinsic for many years into
Product rate is low, performance indications are low, technique is unstable, the low knotty problem of production efficiency.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro belongs to all solid state gyro without movable part, and with starting, fast, detection is clever
Sensitivity height, high resolution, wide dynamic range, environmental adaptability is strong, mechanical shock with shake
The features such as dynamic reliability is high, is the developing direction of current inertia angular velocity sensing unit.
Additionally, optical fibre gyro replaces the numerous of mechanical gyrating mass gyro with its impayable advantage
Superfluous operation and many regular maintenances, also overcome the latch-up phenomenon of ring laser gyro, more save
The anti-mechanical shaking measure taken by the sensitivity for keeping little rotating speed is gone, has thus gradually been substituted
Traditional gyros such as machinery, liquid are floating, combustion gas, so as to market demand significantly increases.
The fiber-optics gyroscope of China afterwards, benefited from the optics of fiber optic communication in 2000
The development of components and parts, so as to be rapidly developed, has particularly attracted a large amount of classical spinning top research and development
The exploitation of optical fibre gyro field and production are turned to production mechanism.
But, as most of optics and its technology are for high-speed figure fiber optic communication
System design and making, and optical fibre gyro belongs to analog optical fiber transmission system, its design theory,
There is huge difference with digital fiber communication in terms of control of product quality, properties of product, technique assembling
It is different.
Further, since in interference type optical fiber gyroscope light channel structure, it is necessary to adopt wideband light source, and
And optoisolator (optical circulator) in light channel structure, can not be adopted to reduce echo noise, return to
The luminous power of light source is identical with the luminous power incided on detector, thus causes optical wavelength, light
Power and optical polarization it is unstable, so as to the performance for causing system significantly deteriorates, ripple
Dynamic, various phenomenons can not be explained, can not reappear, and puzzlement optical fibre gyro industry can not be able to for many years
Solve.
Thus also there is many and ask in Chinese fiber-optics gyroscope in terms of through engineering approaches, industrialization
Topic, principal phenomena include：
1. actual performance index is differed greatly with theoretical value；
2. light path packaging technology CCP can not be determined, so as to cause low production efficiency
Under；
3. batch production is once low by yield rate, and some are even less than 30%；
4. the underproof basic reason of optical fibre gyro can not be correctly explained and determine, so as to can not
Improve the performance and quality of product.
In order to improve the performance of gyro. there has been proposed various solutions.Including to optical fiber top
The improvement of spiral shell composition components and parts, and the improvement of method with signal processing etc., but it is current
The mode that corrective measure is often robbed Peter to pay Paul, it is impossible to reach overall effect stability and put down
Weighing apparatus, for example：
1. traditional optical fibre gyro patent
Above-mentioned these traditional fiber-optic gyroscope light path structures and its composition proposal, it is impossible to solve very well
Due to the mismatch of optics, caused fiber type mismatch, luminous power mismatch, light wave are inclined
The various problems such as polarization state mismatch, spectral mismatch, which only can solve the problem that subproblem, or due to
Certain subproblem is solved, and causes other problemses；
For example, although meet optical polarization matching, but be the introduction of spectrum, fiber type etc.
Mismatch, reduces other performance indications of optical fibre gyro on the contrary, such as scale factory non-linearity, zero
The Key Performance Indicators such as position repeatability；In addition as introduced optical fiber circulator, input detector is improved
Luminous power, although signal to noise ratio can be improved, but can equally introduce spectral mismatch, Yi Jiyin
Rise wide operating temperature range under optical polarization mismatch, all can not from theory, engineering, technique,
Puzzlement optical fibre gyro industry for many years intrinsic yield rate, performance are solved in terms of product quality comprehensively
The problems such as index, technology stability；
Performance comparison is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
2. traditional fused biconical taper method makes the patent of fiber coupler
These patent formula technologies of above-mentioned relevant fiber coupler, it is adaptable to draw general single mode
Optical fiber, with high yield rate, low cost and other advantages；But it is for polarization maintaining optical fibre, crucial to need
Solve the problems, such as that Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle is aligned, inherently stress axiss cannot be aligned these schemes
Weakness, solution is to adopt PM fiber of MRI, i.e., low-birefringence difference very little guarantor it is inclined
Optical fiber, causes the poor-performing of the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler of this scheme making, such as draws coupling
During device, polarization maintaining optical fibre is attenuated, and stress area changes, and causes polarization extinction ratio not high,
Polarization Dependent Loss is very big, and temperature performance is unstable, the weakness such as operating wavelength range is narrow；This
Outward, it is very big tired that current Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer recognizes that the polarization maintaining optical fibre of this low-birefringence has
Difficulty, correct recognition rata are abnormal low, so as to cause the packaging efficiency of practical application low, substantially
It is not used.
Additionally, conventional melt draws the mechanical vibration of the fiber coupler of cone method making, machinery punching
Hit, the reliability index such as temperature cycles, temperature shock it is very low, be unfavorable in severe work
Used in making environment.
3. the multi-functional phase place modulator approach of traditional integrated optics
Above-mentioned these art solutions fundamentally can not be solved in full temperature working range,
Optical fibre gyro is to spectrum, the stability of power requirement；Such as manipulator is integrated with luminous power beam splitting
Function, to expect to reach to improve beam splitting stabilizing effect, but inevitably in manipulator
Portion introduces interaction noise, and this just result in the unstable of power again, so as to have impact on optical fiber top
The overall performance of spiral shell.
In order to solve fiber-optics gyroscope the problems referred to above, this patent in terms of through engineering approaches, industrialization
Propose type matching, luminous power matching, optical polarization matching and the Spectral matching of optical fiber
Scheme, can fundamentally solve these problems.Theory and practice proves, this technical scheme
Simply, it is feasible, effective, it is not necessary to increase extra cost, can significantly promote optical fiber top
The development of spiral shell industry.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme, solves
In conventional, prior art, caused fiber type mismatch, light due to the mismatch of optics
The various problems such as power mismatch, optical polarization mismatch, spectral mismatch, from theory, engineering,
It is solid for many years that the upper synthesis at all levels such as technique, product quality solves puzzlement optical fibre gyro industry
The knotty problems such as some yield rates are low, performance indications are poor, packaging technology stability difference.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching side
Case, the patent of invention are joined with following Design Theory principle：
Photon shot noise causes optical fibre gyro minimum bias stability
| No. | Symbol | Description |
| 1 | e | Electron charge |
| 2 | Be | Noise measurement bandwidth |
| 3 | ηD | ηD=ID/ (hc/ λ), the number of photons of collision detector photosurface per second |
| 4 | λ | The mean wavelength of wideband light source |
| 5 | I0 | The luminous power that detector is received |
| 6 | L | Fiber lengths |
| 7 | R | Fiber optic loop radius |
| 8 | λ | Optical wavelength |
| 9 | ID | Injection detector luminous power |
| 10 | ηD | Detector woods efficiency |
| 11 | Be | Measurement bandwidth Be=1Hz, 0.1Hz, 0.01Hz |
| 12 | h | Planck constant=6.626068 × 10-34m2Kg/s |
By above-mentioned theoretical formula and parameter table, it can be seen that the gyro that shot noise causes
Full accuracy (minimum bias stability)
1. and wavelength X1/2It is directly proportional, 2. with incident detector luminous power I0 1/2It is directly proportional.
Thus, it is ensured that optical fibre gyro obtains the precision of Design Theory, just necessary stable control
The optical wavelength and luminous power of optical texture.Due to the related optical polarization of optical device and optical fiber
Type can cause the optical wavelength of system, luminous power mismatch, so as to precision to be ensured in the case of,
It is accomplished by realizing：
1st, fiber type matching；2nd, Spectral matching；
3rd, luminous power matching；4th, optical polarization matching；
Four kinds of matching techniques by more than, to meet the system performance requirements of optical fibre gyro.
(i) fiber type matching scheme：
The mode field diameter of mainly realizing optical device optical fiber is identical, external diameter is identical, to reduce light path
Transmission interference, such as reduces echo reflection interference, reduces splice loss, splice attenuation, improves polarization extinction ratio etc.；
To improve the fused fiber splice alignment precision in technique assembling, and improve system reliability；Including：
Wideband light source, Multifunctional integrated optical modulator MIOC, polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter PMFS
Match with the device tail optical fiber fiber type of detector assembly PIN-FET.
Used as a kind of illustration, the wideband light source is using in SLD or ASE light sources
One kind；The Multifunctional integrated optical modulator MIOC, polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter PMFS
With detector assembly PINFET, the fiber type of its mutual welding is mutually matched.
Used as a kind of illustration, the optical fiber that is mutually matched is：
Same supplier, protect partially or single-mode fiber with a batch of；
Or same supplier, different batches guarantor partially or single-mode fiber；
Or different suppliers, light wave mould field is identical, external diameter is identical, coat diameter identical
Polarization maintaining optical fibre or single-mode fiber；
Or different suppliers, light wave mould field is identical, external diameter is identical, coat size is different
Polarization maintaining optical fibre or single-mode fiber；
Used as a kind of illustration, the optical fiber being mutually matched also includes other mode field diameters
Matching, external diameter matching, the fiber type combination for protecting inclined or single-mode fiber matching etc.；
(ii) Spectral matching scheme：
As optical fibre gyro analogue transmission is required, system must adopt wideband light source, thus it requires
The operation wavelength bandwidth of fiber optic splitter or fiber coupler have to be larger than 2 times of wideband light sources
Three dB bandwidth；The generally three dB bandwidth about 30nm～40nm of SLD, ASE light
The three dB bandwidth in source about 10nm～20nm；Therefore it is required that fiber optic splitter or optical fiber coupling
The operation wavelength bandwidth of clutch have to be larger than or wait the three dB bandwidth of 2 times of light sources, but not limit to
In the three dB bandwidth of 2 times of light sources of the optimal choice；The light of round light path is met with this
Spectrum matching, and to undistorted requirement during round light path；
Used as a kind of illustration, preferred embodiment is inclined using the guarantor of the present inventor's patent applied for
Fiber optic splitter as optimal spectrum matching technique application, including but not limited to using optical fiber
The beam splitting device of other wide operating wavelength ranges of beam splitter, such as reversely uses many work(of integrated optics
The schemes such as energy manipulator MIOC devices；
Furthermore it is required that the Wavelength Dependent Loss of Multifunctional integrated optical modulator, temperature are related
Loss disclosure satisfy that Spectral matching is required；In the 3dB wavelength bands of at least 2 times of wideband light sources
In wide scope, Wavelength Dependent Loss meets the Spectral matching for coming and going light path, undistorted requirement；
Also including but not limited to using the Multi-function Modulator design of inventor's granted patent.
(iii) luminous power matching scheme
Under light source normal running conditions, in wavelength and the less operating current model of temperature dependency
Interior reasonable selection SLD light source or ASE light sources are enclosed, and in power, temperature dependency
Under minimum control parameter, input optical power is obtained；
The linear sound of the PIN-FET method of testings regulation of patent has been declared according to inventor
Response testing scheme, in the case of the MIOC does not apply modulated signal, reasonable selection enters
The luminous power being mapped on the PIN-FET be linear saturation luminous power 1/4 to 1/2 it
Between, preferably 1/3 be best effort luminous power, but be not limited between 1/4 to 1/2 be
All work luminous power, for example,
For input dual-polarization SLD light sources or ASE lamps, fiber optic loop is single-mode optics
Fine design, light path totality insertion loss about 20dB；
For the single polarization SLD light sources of input, using polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter or polarization maintaining optical fibre
Bonder, fiber optic loop is polarization maintaining optical fibre scheme, light path totality insertion loss about 14dB；
For input dual-polarization SLD light sources or ASE lamps, fiber optic loop is guarantor's polarisation
Fibre, or the single polarization SLD light sources of input, design of the fiber optic loop for single-mode fiber, light
Road totality insertion loss about 17dB；
Thus source device output optical power is selected, and is can determine and incided PINFET optical fiber
In luminous power, it is possible to obtain the linear response slope of PINFET, may thereby determine that
The concrete model of PINFET, designs the optimum Working of optical fibre gyro system accordingly；
(4) optical polarization matching scheme
Use because prepared by the waveguide of MIOC Multifunctional integrated optical modulator chips
Annealed proton exchanges (APE) technique, and which only disclosure satisfy that the waveguide propagation conditionss of e light, when
The polarization extinction ratio of the chip that can be measured under the conditions of pre-test can be more than 70dB, completely may be used
To be considered as preferable polariser (polarizer and analyzer).
Thus, it is possible to MIOC inputs are individually controlled, or the polarized matching shape of outfan
State, realizes the performance indications design requirement of optical fibre gyro；
For traditional fiber-optic gyroscope light path scheme, MIOC inputs, if using single inclined
Shake or dual-polarization output SLD light sources, although work(can be realized by the scheme of depolarizer
Rate is stable, and only temporal average observation is relatively stable to power, actual due to reducing
Optical polarization is matched, and transient state can not obtain stablizing for power, so as to reduce the property of optical fibre gyro
Energy.In addition, the spectrum of 2 polarization states of dual-polarization SLD light sources is incomplete same, partially
The return loss of mutual crosstalk of shaking causes the change of light source light spectrum, also results in optical fibre gyro property
Can deteriorate.
The SPECTRAL DIVERSITY of dual-polarization SLD outputs is as described by Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
The preferred embodiment of the optical polarization matching scheme of the present invention,
For example：MIOC inputs：
Using single polarization or the SLD light sources of dual-polarization output, output optical fibre is polarization maintaining optical fibre,
It is related, low wavelength correlation by the wide operating wavelength range of polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter, low temperature
High polarization conserving properties, can meet optical polarization matching；
Using ASE light sources, as output is natural light, and output optical fibre can be single mode
Or polarization maintaining optical fibre, it is corresponding select wide operating wavelength range be not limited to fiber optic splitter or
Fiber coupler, or fiber coupler adds depolarizer scheme, realizes that optical polarization is matched；
For example：MIOC outfans：
Fiber optic loop can add depolarizer scheme, or polarization maintaining optical fibre scheme using single-mode fiber,
Can realize that optical polarization matching is required.
The beneficial effect of patent of the present invention：
Matching technique of the patent of the present invention using optical device, it is adaptable to interference type optical fiber gyroscope light path
Design solution.So as in whole operating temperature ranges of optical fibre gyro (- 40 DEG C～+75
℃)
1. in terms of Design Theory, can be greatly lowered due to traditional design scheme cause it is each
Plant optical noise；
2. in terms of control of product quality, can increase substantially optical fibre gyro once by into
Product rate；
3. the performance indications of optical fibre gyro, in terms of product engineering, can be increased substantially；
4., in terms of light path packaging technology, critical process point can targetedly be controlled, greatly
Amplitude reduction operation difficulty, improve production efficiency.
5. there is provided the theoretical foundation and solution of analyzing system performance indicator deviation.
It is through a large amount of practical proofs, by the fiber optic gyroscope performance index that the present invention program is assembled, non-
Very close to, or even Design Theory value can be reached, the optical fibre gyro of traditional design scheme is extremely difficult to
Or it is close to design theory value；
Through a large amount of practical proofs, it is possible to achieve 1 assembly yield>90%, or even reach
Arrive>95%；
Through a large amount of practical proofs, scale factory non-linearity can be increased substantially and arrived
<10ppm, light channel structure are as shown in figure 11；If using single SLD light sources+guarantor partially partially
Fiber optic splitter scheme, it might even be possible to be close to the test limits of 1ppm, such as Fig. 6, Fig. 7
It is described；And the optical fibre gyro of traditional design scheme, common scale factory non-linearity is more than
100ppm, best-case can not typically be less than 50ppm, and full warm nature can be uncontrollable；
Through multi-party test checking, using the optical fibre gyro of ASE light sources, 100 seconds are average,
Can innovatively reach and be close to one thousandth degree/hour performance indications.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of light of the traditional fiber gyro of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Line structure
Fig. 2 is a kind of single-mode optical-fibre coupler of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Full temperature wavelength dependence numerical value figure
Fig. 3 is a kind of polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Full temperature wavelength dependence numerical value figure
Fig. 4 is a kind of dual-polarization SLD light sources of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
The spectrum@100mA numerical value figures of different polarization states
Fig. 5 is a kind of dual-polarization SLD light sources of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
The difference of centre wavelength and the coefficient values figure of driving current
Fig. 6 is a kind of this patent design of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Optic fiber gyroscope graduation factor asymmetry numerical value figure
Fig. 7 is a kind of this patent design of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Optic fiber gyroscope graduation factor error is distributed bar diagram
Fig. 8 is a kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention using polarization maintaining optical fibre beam splitting
The light channel structure schematic diagram of the optical fibre gyro of device
Fig. 9 is a kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention using polarization maintaining optical fibre beam splitting
Another light channel structure schematic diagram of the optical fibre gyro of device
Figure 10 be a kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention MIOC input, it is defeated
Go out polarized light road schematic structure diagram
Figure 11 is a kind of front guarantor of MIOC inputs of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Partially, MIOC exports the light path scheme schematic diagram of depolarization
Figure 12 is a kind of 3 axle fiber-optic gyroscope light paths of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Welding scheme
Figure 13 is a kind of luminous power matched design side of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
The snapshot of the general precision design of FOG value of case software
Figure 14 is a kind of luminous power matched design side of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
The snapshot of the high-precision optical fiber gyro design load of case software
Figure 15 is a kind of plan content schematic block diagram of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme of the invention
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
A kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme, including following four partial content：
1st, fiber type matching；2nd, luminous power matching；3rd, optical polarization matching；4、
Spectral matching；
(1) the fiber type matching scheme：
The mode field diameter of mainly realizing optical device optical fiber is identical, external diameter is identical, to reduce light path
Transmitted noise, such as reduces echo reflection interference, reduces splice loss, splice attenuation, improves polarization extinction ratio etc.；
To improve the fused fiber splice alignment precision in technique assembling, and improve system reliability；Including：
Wideband light source, Multifunctional integrated optical modulator MIOC, polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter PMFS
Match with the tail optical fiber fiber type of the device of detector assembly PIN-FET.
Used as a kind of illustration, the wideband light source is using in SLD or ASE light sources
One kind；The Multifunctional integrated optical modulator MIOC, polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter PMFS
With detector assembly PINFET, the fiber type of its mutual welding is mutually matched；
Used as a kind of illustration, the optical fiber that is mutually matched is：It is same supplier, same
The guarantor of batch is partially or single-mode fiber；Or same supplier, the guarantor of different batches are partially or single
Mode fiber；Or different suppliers, light wave mould field is identical, external diameter is identical, coat size phase
With guarantor partially or single-mode fiber；Or different suppliers, light wave mould field is identical, external diameter phase
With the different guarantor of, coat size partially or single-mode fiber；
Used as a kind of illustration, the optical fiber being mutually matched also includes other mould fields
With the matching of, external diameter, protect partially or single-mode fiber matching etc. combination of fiber-optic type；
(ii) Spectral matching scheme：
As optical fibre gyro analogue transmission is required, system must adopt wideband light source, thus it requires
The operation wavelength bandwidth of fiber optic splitter or fiber coupler have to be larger than 2 times of wideband light sources
Three dB bandwidth；The generally three dB bandwidth about 30nm～40nm of SLD, ASE light
The three dB bandwidth in source about 10nm～20nm；Therefore it is required that fiber optic splitter or optical fiber coupling
The operation wavelength bandwidth of clutch have to be larger than or wait the three dB bandwidth of 2 times of light sources, but not limit to
In the three dB bandwidth of 2 times of light sources of the optimal choice；The light of round light path is met with this
Spectrum matching, and to undistorted requirement during round light path；
Used as a kind of illustration, preferred embodiment is inclined using the guarantor of the present inventor's patent applied for
Fiber optic splitter as optimal spectrum matching technique application, including but not limited to using optical fiber
The beam splitting device of other wide operating wavelength ranges of beam splitter, such as reversely uses many work(of integrated optics
The schemes such as energy manipulator MIOC devices；
(iii) luminous power matching scheme
Under light source normal running conditions, in wavelength and the less operating current model of temperature dependency
Interior reasonable selection SLD light source or ASE light sources are enclosed, and in power, temperature dependency
Under minimum control parameter, input optical power is obtained；
The linear sound of the PIN-FET method of testings regulation of patent has been declared according to inventor
Response testing scheme, in the case of the MIOC does not apply modulated signal, reasonable selection enters
The luminous power being mapped on the PIN-FET be linear saturation luminous power 1/4 to 1/2 it
Between, preferably 1/3 be best effort luminous power, but be not limited between 1/4 to 1/2 be
All work luminous power, for example,
For input dual-polarization SLD light sources or ASE lamps, fiber optic loop is single-mode optics
Fine design, light path totality insertion loss about 20dB；
For the single polarization SLD light sources of input, using polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter or polarization maintaining optical fibre
Bonder, fiber optic loop is polarization maintaining optical fibre scheme, light path totality insertion loss about 14dB；
Double for input SLD light sources or ASE lamps partially, fiber optic loop are guarantor's polarisation
Fibre, and the single polarization SLD light sources of input, design of the fiber optic loop for single-mode fiber, light
Road totality insertion loss about 17dB；
Thus source device output optical power is selected, and is can determine and incided PINFET optical fiber
In luminous power, it is possible to obtain the linear response slope of PINFET, may thereby determine that
The concrete model of PINFET, designs the optimum Working of optical fibre gyro system accordingly；
(4) optical polarization matching scheme
Use because prepared by the waveguide of MIOC Multifunctional integrated optical modulator chips
Annealed proton exchanges (APE) technique, and which only disclosure satisfy that the waveguide propagation conditionss of e light, when
The polarization extinction ratio of the chip that can be measured under the conditions of pre-test can be more than 70dB, completely may be used
To be considered as preferable polariser (polarizer and analyzer).
Thus, it is possible to MIOC inputs are individually controlled, or the polarized matching shape of outfan
State, realizes the performance indications design requirement of optical fibre gyro；
For traditional fiber-optic gyroscope light path scheme, MIOC inputs, if using single inclined
Shake or dual-polarization output SLD light sources, although work(can be realized by the scheme of depolarizer
Rate is stable, and only temporal average observation is relatively stable to power, actual due to reducing
Optical polarization is matched, and transient state can not obtain stablizing for power, so as to reduce the property of optical fibre gyro
Energy.In addition, the spectrum of 2 polarization states of dual-polarization SLD light sources is incomplete same, partially
The echo of mutual crosstalk of shaking causes the change of light source light spectrum, also results in fiber optic gyroscope performance evil
Change.
The SPECTRAL DIVERSITY of dual-polarization SLD outputs is as described by Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
The preferred embodiment of the optical polarization matching scheme of the present invention,
For example：MIOC inputs：
Using single polarization or the SLD light sources of dual-polarization output, output optical fibre is polarization maintaining optical fibre,
It is related, low wavelength correlation by the wide operating wavelength range of polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter, low temperature
High polarization conserving properties, can meet optical polarization matching；
Using ASE light sources, as output is natural light, and output optical fibre can be single mode
Or polarization maintaining optical fibre, it is corresponding select wide operating wavelength range be not limited to fiber optic splitter or
Fiber coupler, or fiber coupler adds depolarizer scheme, realizes that optical polarization is matched；
For example：MIOC outfans：
Fiber optic loop can add depolarizer scheme, or polarization maintaining optical fibre scheme using single-mode fiber,
Can realize that optical polarization matching is required.
For the more popular advance for illustrating the adopted scheme of the invention, now by design parameter
Embodiment illustrate effect：
1. luminous power matching：According to fiber optic gyroscope performance index request, such as zero stability 10
Second is average<0.1 °/h, 200 °/s of measurement dynamic range etc., such as Figure 13, reasonable selection light source
Power, optical fiber ring length, specifically chosen parameter setting are as follows：
| 1 | Light source type | Single polarization SLD |
| 2 | Light source output power | 400μW |
| 3 | Optical fiber style type | Single-mode fiber |
| 4 | Operation wavelength | 1310nm |
| 5 | Fiber optic loop average diameter | 70mm |
| 6 | Fiber lengths | 450m |
| 7 | Operating bias point | 0.5π |
Calculated value：
| 1 | Zero stability 1s is average | 0.20°/h |
| 2 | Zero stability 10s is average | 0.063°/h |
| 3 | Maximum measurement rotating speed | 244.6°/S |
| 4 | Minimum measurement rotating speed | 0.028°/h |
Determine that optical path loss is 17dB according to design, incide PIN-FET luminous powers
～8 μ W, so as to according to 1/3 saturation luminous power best operating point, it is determined that correspondence saturation luminous power
For the model linear efficiency 0.18V/ μ W of the PIN-FET of 24 μ W.
Such as zero stability 100 seconds average ＜, 0.001 °/h, 20 ° of maximum measurement dynamic range
/ s etc., such as Figure 14, reasonable selection light source power, optical fiber ring length can be selected：
| 1 | Light source type | ASE natural lights |
| 2 | Light source output power | 2mW |
| 3 | Optical fiber style type | Polarization maintaining optical fibre |
| 4 | Operation wavelength | 1550nm |
| 5 | Fiber optic loop average diameter | 200mm |
| 6 | Fiber lengths | 2km |
| 7 | Operating bias point | 0.5π |
This
Calculated value：
| 1 | Zero stability 10s is average | 0.0024°/h |
| 2 | Zero stability 100s is average | 0.0008°/h |
| 3 | Maximum measurement rotating speed | 22°/S |
| 4 | Minimum measurement rotating speed | 0.0026°/h |
Determine that optical path loss is 17dB according to design, incide PIN-FET light work(
Rate～40 μ W, so as to according to 1/3 saturation luminous power best operating point, it is determined that correspondence saturated light
Power is the model linear efficiency 0.04V/ μ W of the PIN-FET of 120 μ W.
2. optical polarization matching：According to the light source type in luminous power matching scheme, fiber optic loop
Type, selects suitable optical polarization matching scheme；Wherein preferred plan is using guarantor's polarisation
Fine beam splitter, it is most stable, simple, reliable；
It is exemplified below：
| Fig. 8 | Using the light channel structure of the optical fibre gyro of polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter |
| Fig. 9 | Using another light channel structure of the optical fibre gyro of polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter |
| Figure 10 | Polarized light road scheme is protected in MIOC inputs, output |
| Figure 11 | Protect inclined before MIOC inputs, MIOC exports the light path scheme of depolarization |
| Figure 12 | 3 axle fiber-optic gyroscope light path welding schemes |
3. fiber type matching：The various optics of reasonable selection, to meet fiber type
Match somebody with somebody, including mould field, external diameter, protect partially with the parameter such as single mode.
4. Spectral matching：The various optics of reasonable selection, wherein preferred plan are inclined with light wave
Polarization state matching is similar, remains and adopts polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter, most stable, simple, reliable；
Matching technique scheme of the patent of the present invention using optical device, so as in whole operating temperature models
(- 40 DEG C～+75 DEG C) working stability in enclosing, there is provided can be greatly lowered due to traditional design
The deficiency of the optical noise that scheme causes；Can increase substantially optical fibre gyro once by into
Product rate；In terms of product engineering, the performance indications of optical fibre gyro can be increased substantially；In light
In terms of the packaging technology of road, operation difficulty, improve production efficiency can be greatly lowered.
It is through a large amount of practical proofs, by the fiber optic gyroscope performance index that the present invention program is assembled, non-
Very close to, or even Design Theory value can be reached, the optical fibre gyro of traditional design scheme is extremely difficult to
Or it is close to design theory value；
Through a large amount of practical proofs, it is possible to achieve 1 assembly yield>90%, or even reach
Arrive>95%；
Through a large amount of practical proofs, scale factory non-linearity can be increased substantially and arrived
<10ppm, light channel structure are as shown in figure 11, using single SLD light sources+polarization maintaining optical fibre partially
Beam splitter scheme, or even the test limits of 1ppm, such as Fig. 6 are close to, described by Fig. 7；
The optical fibre gyro of traditional design scheme, common scale factory non-linearity are more than 100ppm,
Best-case can not typically be less than 50ppm, and full warm nature can be uncontrollable；
Through multi-party test checking, using the optical fibre gyro of ASE light sources, 100 seconds are average,
Can innovatively reach and be close to one thousandth degree/hour performance indications.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be should be understood that to implement above
The explanation of example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept, is not used to limit
Determine protection scope of the present invention, it is all done within the thought and principle of the present invention any repair
Change, equivalent etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of optical fibre gyro light device matching scheme, it is characterised in that including following four
Partial content：Fiber type matching scheme, luminous power matching, optical polarization matching, spectrum
Matching；
The fiber type matching scheme：
The mode field diameter of mainly realizing optical device optical fiber is identical, external diameter is identical, to reduce light path
Transmitted noise, such as reduces echo reflection interference, reduces splice loss, splice attenuation, improves polarization extinction ratio etc.；
To improve the fused fiber splice alignment precision in technique assembling, and improve system reliability；Including：
Wideband light source, Multifunctional integrated optical modulator MIOC, polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter PMFS
Match with the tail optical fiber fiber type of the device of detector assembly PIN-FET.
The Spectral matching scheme：
As optical fibre gyro analogue transmission is required, system must adopt wideband light source, thus it requires
The operation wavelength bandwidth of fiber optic splitter or fiber coupler have to be larger than 2 times of wideband light sources
Three dB bandwidth；The generally three dB bandwidth about 30nm～40nm of SLD, ASE light
The three dB bandwidth in source about 10nm～20nm；Therefore it is required that fiber optic splitter or fiber coupling
The operation wavelength bandwidth of device have to be larger than or wait the three dB bandwidth of 2 times of light sources, but be not limited to
The three dB bandwidth of 2 times of light sources of the optimal choice；The spectrum of round light path is met with this
Matching, and to undistorted requirement during round light path；
The power matching scheme：
Under light source normal running conditions, in wavelength and the less operating current model of temperature dependency
Interior reasonable selection SLD light source or ASE light sources are enclosed, and in power, temperature dependency
Under minimum control parameter, input optical power is obtained；
The linear sound of the PIN-FET method of testings regulation of patent has been declared according to inventor
Response testing scheme, in the case of the MIOC does not apply modulated signal, reasonable selection enters
The luminous power being mapped on the PIN-FET be linear saturation luminous power 1/4 to 1/2 it
Between, preferably 1/3 be best effort luminous power, but be not limited between 1/4 to 1/2 be
All work luminous power.For example,
For input dual-polarization SLD light sources or ASE lamps, fiber optic loop is single-mode optics
Fine design, light path totality insertion loss about 20dB；
For the single polarization SLD light sources of input, using polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter or polarization maintaining optical fibre
Bonder, fiber optic loop is polarization maintaining optical fibre scheme, light path totality insertion loss about 14dB；
For input dual-polarization SLD light sources or ASE lamps, fiber optic loop is guarantor's polarisation
Fibre, and the single polarization SLD light sources of input, design of the fiber optic loop for single-mode fiber, light
Road totality insertion loss about 17dB；
Thus source device output optical power is selected, and is can determine and incided PINFET optical fiber
In luminous power, it is possible to obtain the linear response slope of PINFET, may thereby determine that
The concrete model of PINFET, designs the optimum Working of optical fibre gyro system accordingly；
The optical polarization matching scheme：
Use because prepared by the waveguide of MIOC Multifunctional integrated optical modulator chips
Annealed proton exchanges (APE) technique, and which only disclosure satisfy that the waveguide propagation conditionss of e light, when
The polarization extinction ratio of the chip that can be measured under the conditions of pre-test can be more than 70dB, completely may be used
To be considered as preferable polariser (polarizer and analyzer).
Thus, it is possible to MIOC inputs are individually controlled, or the polarized matching shape of outfan
State, realizes the performance indications design requirement of optical fibre gyro.
2. a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 1 light device matching scheme, its
It is characterised by, the wideband light source is using the one kind in SLD or ASE light sources.
3. a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 2 light device matching scheme, its
It is characterised by, the optical fiber that is mutually matched is：Same supplier, with it is a batch of protect partially or
Person's single-mode fiber；Or same supplier, different batches guarantor partially or single-mode fiber；Or
Different suppliers, light wave mode field diameter is identical, external diameter is identical, and coat diameter identical is protected inclined
Or single-mode fiber；Or different suppliers, light wave mould field is identical, external diameter is identical, coating
The different guarantor of layer diameter is partially or single-mode fiber.
4. a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 1 light device matching scheme, its
It is characterised by, fiber optic splitter scheme of the fiber optic splitter for adopting for declarer's patent,
Partially, partly protect inclined including all protecting, the beam splitter scheme of whole single modes.
5. a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 1 light device matching scheme, its
It is characterised by that the luminous power matching scheme of the employing is the PIN-FET of declarer's patent
The linear response degree testing scheme that method of testing specifies.
6. a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 1 light device matching scheme, its
It is characterised by, the optical polarization matching scheme of the employing, is using single polarization or double inclined
Shake the SLD light sources of output, and output optical fibre is polarization maintaining optical fibre, by the guarantor with declarer's patent
Fiber optic splitter welding, meets optical polarization matching scheme partially；Or ASE light sources and light
Fine beam splitter welding, to meet the scheme of optical polarization matching.
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| CN107727090A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-02-23 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of axle slack gyro light path matching process of double light sources four |
| CN109059962A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fibre gyro optical path Performance Test System |
| CN116429081A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-14 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Hollow microstructure fiber optic gyroscope with disturbance |
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| CN107727090B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-04-10 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Double-light-source four-axis redundant optical fiber gyroscope light path matching method |
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