CN111811497A - Ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space scale-time symmetry and measuring method - Google Patents
Ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space scale-time symmetry and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111811497A CN111811497A CN202010728255.5A CN202010728255A CN111811497A CN 111811497 A CN111811497 A CN 111811497A CN 202010728255 A CN202010728255 A CN 202010728255A CN 111811497 A CN111811497 A CN 111811497A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
Abstract
The invention relates to a resonant fiber optic gyroscope, in particular to an ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space-time symmetry and a measuring method. The invention solves the problem that the sensitivity of the existing resonant fiber-optic gyroscope is too low when measuring smaller angular velocity. An ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space-time symmetry comprises a first narrow linewidth laser, a second narrow linewidth laser, a first isolator, a second isolator, a first polarization controller, a second polarization controller, an optical fiber coupler, a wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical fiber cone, a second optical fiber cone, a first optical fiber ring resonator, a second optical fiber ring resonator, a tunable coupler, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a dual-trace oscilloscope and a computer. The invention is suitable for angular velocity measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a resonant fiber optic gyroscope, in particular to an ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space-time symmetry and a measuring method.
Background
The resonant fiber-optic gyroscope based on the Sagnac effect theoretically has smaller size and lower cost than a ring laser gyroscope and an interference fiber-optic gyroscope so as to meet the navigation level performance, thereby having great research potential and being a research hotspot in the fields of navigation and guidance. However, in practical application, the frequency drift caused by rotation is very weak due to the limit of the structure of the existing resonant fiber optic gyroscope. Therefore, under the condition that the angular speed to be measured is small, the obtained frequency spectrum variable is smaller, so that the measurement sensitivity is too low, and a weak rotation signal cannot be accurately measured. Based on the above, it is necessary to provide an ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor and a measurement method based on space-time symmetry to solve the problem of too low sensitivity when the conventional resonant fiber optic gyroscope measures a small angular velocity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space-time symmetry and a measuring method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the sensitivity of the existing resonant fiber optic gyroscope is too low when measuring smaller angular velocity.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space-time symmetry comprises a first narrow linewidth laser, a second narrow linewidth laser, a first isolator, a second isolator, a first polarization controller, a second polarization controller, an optical fiber coupler, a wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical fiber cone, a second optical fiber cone, a first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity, a second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity, a tunable coupler, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a dual-trace oscilloscope and a computer;
the first narrow linewidth laser is a tunable narrow linewidth laser; the emergent end of the first narrow linewidth laser is connected with the incident end of the first isolator; the emergent end of the first isolator is connected with the head end of the first optical fiber cone through a first polarization controller; the tail end of the first optical fiber cone is connected with the incident end of the first photoelectric detector; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity is coupled with the first optical fiber cone through an optical fiber coupler;
the emergent end of the second narrow linewidth laser is connected with the incident end of the second isolator; the emergent end of the second isolator is connected with the head end of the second optical fiber cone through a second polarization controller; the tail end of the second optical fiber cone is connected with the incident end of the second photoelectric detector; the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity is coupled with the second optical fiber cone through a wavelength division multiplexer on one hand, and is coupled with the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity through a tunable coupler on the other hand; a section of rare earth ion erbium is doped in the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity;
the signal output end of the first photoelectric detector and the signal output end of the second photoelectric detector are respectively connected with two signal input ends of the dual-trace oscilloscope; the signal output end of the dual-trace oscilloscope is connected with the signal input end of the computer.
The ultra-sensitive angular velocity measuring method based on the space-time symmetry (the method is realized based on the ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on the space-time symmetry) is realized by adopting the following steps:
firstly, starting a first narrow linewidth laser and a second narrow linewidth laser; the first narrow linewidth laser emits detection light of 1550nm waveband, the detection light sequentially passes through a first isolator, a first polarization controller, a first optical fiber cone, an optical fiber coupler, a first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity, the optical fiber coupler and the first optical fiber cone to be incident to a first photoelectric detector, and then the detection light is converted into a first path of electric signal through the first photoelectric detector; meanwhile, the second narrow linewidth laser emits pump light with a waveband of 980nm, the pump light sequentially passes through the second isolator, the second polarization controller, the second optical fiber cone, the wavelength division multiplexer, the second optical fiber annular resonant cavity, the wavelength division multiplexer and the second optical fiber cone to be incident to the second photoelectric detector, and then the pump light is converted into a second path of electric signal through the second photoelectric detector; when the pump light passes through the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity, the pump light enables erbium ions in the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity to generate population inversion, and therefore gain is provided for the detection light passing through the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity; the two paths of electric signals are transmitted to a dual-trace oscilloscope and are converted into a transmission spectrum by the dual-trace oscilloscope; the transmission spectrum is displayed on a dual-trace oscilloscope on one hand and transmitted to a computer on the other hand;
then, regulating and controlling the sensor to reach a singular point; the specific regulation and control steps are as follows: firstly, adjusting the resonant frequency point of the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity to be stable, then applying axial stress to the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity by utilizing piezoelectric ceramics, and adjusting the resonant frequency point of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity by adjusting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramics, so that the resonant frequency point of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity is coincided with the resonant frequency point of the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity; then, on one hand, the optical gain in the second optical fiber ring resonator is adjusted by adjusting the output optical power of the second narrow linewidth laser, and on the other hand, the coupling strength between the second optical fiber ring resonator and the first optical fiber ring resonator is adjusted by utilizing the tunable coupler, so that the gain and the loss are equal; at this time, the sensor reaches a singular point;
under the singular point, the sensor has a rotation signal enhancement effect, and when the sensor rotates, the line width of a transmission spectrum changes; the computer monitors the line width variation of the transmission spectrum in real time, and substitutes the line width variation of the transmission spectrum into an angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor, so that the angular velocity of the sensor is calculated; the angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor is expressed as follows:
in the formula: y represents the angular velocity of the sensor; Δ ω represents the line width variation of the transmission spectrum; l represents the cavity length; lambda [ alpha ]0Represents the center wavelength of the probe light; a represents the loop area; kappacIndicating the strength of coupling between the second fiber ring cavity and the first fiber ring cavity.
Compared with the existing resonant fiber optic gyroscope, the frequency spectrum variable (namely the line width variation of the transmission spectrum) obtained by the invention is in direct proportion to the square root of the angular velocity to be measured, so that under the condition that the angular velocity to be measured is small, the invention can obtain a larger frequency spectrum variable, thereby obviously improving the measurement sensitivity and realizing the accurate measurement of a weak rotation signal.
The invention effectively solves the problem of low sensitivity when the existing resonant fiber-optic gyroscope measures small angular velocity, and is suitable for angular velocity measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on the space-time symmetry in the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph diagram of an angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sensor of the present invention manipulated and brought to a singularity.
In the figure: 1 a-a first narrow linewidth laser, 1 b-a second narrow linewidth laser, 2 a-a first isolator, 2 b-a second isolator, 3 a-a first polarization controller, 3 b-a second polarization controller, 4 a-a fiber coupler, 4 b-a wavelength division multiplexer, 5 a-a first fiber cone, 5 b-a second fiber cone, 6 a-a first fiber ring resonator, 6 b-a second fiber ring resonator, 7-a tunable coupler, 8 a-a first photoelectric detector, 8 b-a second photoelectric detector, 9-a dual-trace oscilloscope, 10-a computer; f. of1Representing a resonance frequency point of the first fiber ring resonator; f. of2Representing a resonance frequency point of the second fiber ring resonator; g represents a gain; a represents loss; PZT represents a piezoelectric ceramic.
Detailed Description
An ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space-time symmetry comprises a first narrow linewidth laser 1a, a second narrow linewidth laser 1b, a first isolator 2a, a second isolator 2b, a first polarization controller 3a, a second polarization controller 3b, an optical fiber coupler 4a, a wavelength division multiplexer 4b, a first optical fiber cone 5a, a second optical fiber cone 5b, a first optical fiber ring resonator 6a, a second optical fiber ring resonator 6b, a tunable coupler 7, a first photoelectric detector 8a, a second photoelectric detector 8b, a dual-trace oscilloscope 9 and a computer 10;
the first narrow linewidth laser 1a is a tunable narrow linewidth laser; the emergent end of the first narrow linewidth laser 1a is connected with the incident end of the first isolator 2 a; the emergent end of the first isolator 2a is connected with the head end of a first optical fiber cone 5a through a first polarization controller 3 a; the tail end of the first optical fiber cone 5a is connected with the incident end of the first photoelectric detector 8 a; the first optical fiber ring resonator 6a is coupled with the first optical fiber cone 5a through the optical fiber coupler 4 a;
the emergent end of the second narrow linewidth laser 1b is connected with the incident end of the second isolator 2 b; the emergent end of the second isolator 2b is connected with the head end of a second optical fiber cone 5b through a second polarization controller 3 b; the tail end of the second optical fiber cone 5b is connected with the incident end of a second photoelectric detector 8 b; the second optical fiber ring resonator 6b is coupled with the second optical fiber cone 5b through the wavelength division multiplexer 4b on one hand, and is coupled with the first optical fiber ring resonator 6a through the tunable coupler 7 on the other hand; a section of rare earth ions erbium is doped in the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity 6 b;
the signal output end of the first photoelectric detector 8a and the signal output end of the second photoelectric detector 8b are respectively connected with two signal input ends of a dual-trace oscilloscope 9; the signal output end of the dual-trace oscilloscope 9 is connected with the signal input end of the computer 10.
The ultra-sensitive angular velocity measuring method based on the space-time symmetry (the method is realized based on the ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on the space-time symmetry) is realized by adopting the following steps:
first, a first narrow linewidth laser 1a and a second narrow linewidth laser 1b are started; the first narrow linewidth laser 1a emits detection light with a 1550nm waveband, the detection light sequentially enters a first photoelectric detector 8a through a first isolator 2a, a first polarization controller 3a, a first optical fiber cone 5a, an optical fiber coupler 4a, a first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity 6a, the optical fiber coupler 4a and the first optical fiber cone 5a, and then the detection light is converted into a first path of electric signal through the first photoelectric detector 8 a; meanwhile, the second narrow linewidth laser 1b emits pump light with a waveband of 980nm, the pump light sequentially passes through the second isolator 2b, the second polarization controller 3b, the second optical fiber cone 5b, the wavelength division multiplexer 4b, the second optical fiber ring resonator 6b, the wavelength division multiplexer 4b and the second optical fiber cone 5b to enter the second photoelectric detector 8b, and then the pump light is converted into a second path of electric signal through the second photoelectric detector 8 b; when the pump light passes through the second optical fiber ring resonator 6b, the pump light causes erbium ions in the second optical fiber ring resonator 6b to generate population inversion, thereby providing gain for the probe light passing through the first optical fiber ring resonator 6 a; the two paths of electric signals are transmitted to a dual-trace oscilloscope 9 and are converted into a transmission spectrum by the dual-trace oscilloscope 9; the transmission spectrum is displayed on the one hand on a dual trace oscilloscope 9 and on the other hand transmitted to a computer 10;
then, regulating and controlling the sensor to reach a singular point; the specific regulation and control steps are as follows: firstly, adjusting the resonant frequency point of the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity 6b to be stable, then applying axial stress to the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity 6a by utilizing piezoelectric ceramics, and adjusting the resonant frequency point of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity 6a by adjusting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramics, so that the resonant frequency point of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity 6a is coincided with the resonant frequency point of the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity 6 b; then, on the one hand, the optical gain in the second fiber ring resonator 6b is adjusted by adjusting the output optical power of the second narrow linewidth laser 1b, and on the other hand, the coupling strength between the second fiber ring resonator 6b and the first fiber ring resonator 6a is adjusted by using the tunable coupler 7, thereby equalizing the gain and the loss; at this time, the sensor reaches a singular point;
under the singular point, the sensor has a rotation signal enhancement effect, and when the sensor rotates, the line width of a transmission spectrum changes; the computer 10 monitors the line width variation of the transmission spectrum in real time, and substitutes the line width variation of the transmission spectrum into an angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor, thereby calculating the angular velocity of the sensor; the angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor is expressed as follows:
in the formula: y represents the angular velocity of the sensor; Δ ω represents the line width variation of the transmission spectrum; l represents the cavity length; lambda [ alpha ]0Represents the center wavelength of the probe light; a represents the loop area; kappacIndicating the strength of coupling between the second fiber ring resonator 6b and the first fiber ring resonator 6 a.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An ultra-sensitive angular velocity sensor based on space scale-time symmetry is characterized in that: the device comprises a first narrow linewidth laser (1a), a second narrow linewidth laser (1b), a first isolator (2a), a second isolator (2b), a first polarization controller (3a), a second polarization controller (3b), an optical fiber coupler (4a), a wavelength division multiplexer (4b), a first optical fiber cone (5a), a second optical fiber cone (5b), a first optical fiber annular resonant cavity (6a), a second optical fiber annular resonant cavity (6b), a tunable coupler (7), a first photoelectric detector (8a), a second photoelectric detector (8b), a dual-trace oscilloscope (9) and a computer (10);
the first narrow linewidth laser (1a) is a tunable narrow linewidth laser; the emergent end of the first narrow linewidth laser (1a) is connected with the incident end of the first isolator (2 a); the emergent end of the first isolator (2a) is connected with the head end of the first optical fiber cone (5a) through a first polarization controller (3 a); the tail end of the first optical fiber cone (5a) is connected with the incident end of the first photoelectric detector (8 a); the first optical fiber ring resonator (6a) is coupled with the first optical fiber cone (5a) through an optical fiber coupler (4 a);
the emergent end of the second narrow linewidth laser (1b) is connected with the incident end of the second isolator (2 b); the emergent end of the second isolator (2b) is connected with the head end of a second optical fiber cone (5b) through a second polarization controller (3 b); the tail end of the second optical fiber cone (5b) is connected with the incident end of the second photoelectric detector (8 b); the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6b) is coupled with a second optical fiber cone (5b) through a wavelength division multiplexer (4b) on one hand, and is coupled with the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6a) through a tunable coupler (7) on the other hand; a section of rare earth ion erbium is doped in the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity (6 b);
the signal output end of the first photoelectric detector (8a) and the signal output end of the second photoelectric detector (8b) are respectively connected with two signal input ends of a dual-trace oscilloscope (9); the signal output end of the dual-trace oscilloscope (9) is connected with the signal input end of the computer (10).
2. An ultrasensitive angular velocity measurement method based on astronomical symmetry-time symmetry, which is implemented based on the ultrasensitive angular velocity sensor based on astronomical symmetry-time symmetry as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method is realized by adopting the following steps:
first, a first narrow linewidth laser (1a) and a second narrow linewidth laser (1b) are started; the method comprises the following steps that a first narrow linewidth laser (1a) emits detection light of a 1550nm waveband, the detection light sequentially passes through a first isolator (2a), a first polarization controller (3a), a first optical fiber cone (5a), an optical fiber coupler (4a), a first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity (6a), the optical fiber coupler (4a) and the first optical fiber cone (5a) to enter a first photoelectric detector (8a), and then the detection light is converted into a first path of electric signal through the first photoelectric detector (8 a); meanwhile, a second narrow linewidth laser (1b) emits pump light with a waveband of 980nm, the pump light sequentially passes through a second isolator (2b), a second polarization controller (3b), a second optical fiber cone (5b), a wavelength division multiplexer (4b), a second optical fiber annular resonant cavity (6b), the wavelength division multiplexer (4b) and the second optical fiber cone (5b) to be incident to a second photoelectric detector (8b), and then the pump light is converted into a second path of electric signal through the second photoelectric detector (8 b); when the pumping light passes through the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity (6b), the pumping light enables erbium ions in the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity (6b) to generate population inversion, and therefore gain is provided for the detection light passing through the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity (6 a); the two paths of electric signals are transmitted to a dual-trace oscilloscope (9) and are converted into a transmission spectrum by the dual-trace oscilloscope (9); the transmission spectrum is displayed on a dual trace oscilloscope (9) on the one hand and transmitted to a computer (10) on the other hand;
then, regulating and controlling the sensor to reach a singular point; the specific regulation and control steps are as follows: firstly, adjusting the resonant frequency point of the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6b) to be stable, then applying axial stress to the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6a) by utilizing piezoelectric ceramics, and adjusting the resonant frequency point of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6a) by adjusting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramics, so that the resonant frequency point of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6a) is coincided with the resonant frequency point of the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity (6 b); then, on one hand, the optical gain in the second fiber ring resonator (6b) is adjusted by adjusting the output optical power of the second narrow linewidth laser (1b), and on the other hand, the coupling strength between the second fiber ring resonator (6b) and the first fiber ring resonator (6a) is adjusted by using a tunable coupler (7), thereby making the gain and the loss equal; at this time, the sensor reaches a singular point;
under the singular point, the sensor has a rotation signal enhancement effect, and when the sensor rotates, the line width of a transmission spectrum changes; the computer (10) monitors the line width variation of the transmission spectrum in real time, and substitutes the line width variation of the transmission spectrum into an angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor, so that the angular velocity of the sensor is calculated; the angular velocity measurement equation of the sensor is expressed as follows:
in the formula: y represents the angular velocity of the sensor; Δ ω represents the line width variation of the transmission spectrum; l represents the cavity length; lambda [ alpha ]0Represents the center wavelength of the probe light; a represents the loop area; kappacIndicating the strength of coupling between the second fiber ring resonator (6b) and the first fiber ring resonator (6 a).
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| CN117330049A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-02 | 中北大学 | Cavity internal reflection high-robustness angular velocity sensor based on singular surface and measuring method |
| CN117330049B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-30 | 中北大学 | Cavity internal reflection high-robustness angular velocity sensor based on singular surface and measuring method |
| CN117387591A (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-01-12 | 中北大学 | On-chip high-sensitivity angular velocity sensor based on second-order singular surface and measuring method |
| CN117387591B (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-02-06 | 中北大学 | On-chip high-sensitivity angular velocity sensor based on second-order singular surface and measuring method |
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