CN107607104A - The depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error - Google Patents
The depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607104A CN107607104A CN201710777351.7A CN201710777351A CN107607104A CN 107607104 A CN107607104 A CN 107607104A CN 201710777351 A CN201710777351 A CN 201710777351A CN 107607104 A CN107607104 A CN 107607104A
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Abstract
Present disclose provides a kind of depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error, the light that light source is sent is divided into two-way light through coupler, wherein light is divided into first via light and the second road light by integrated optical modulator all the way, first via light enters fiber optic loop through the first depolarizer, and the second road light enters fiber optic loop through the second depolarizer；Polarization control device eliminates polarization error based on the light intensity difference of the first depolarizer and the second depolarizer output light.The disclosure in existing depolarized type fiber-optic gyroscope light path by adding polarization control device, make two depolarizers of fiber optic loop input/output terminal there is identical to shaft angle degree, thus reduce the polarization error of optical fibre gyro, the precision of depolarized type optical fibre gyro and the bias instaility of optical fibre gyro are improved, also causes depolarized type optical fibre gyro more to play the low advantage of its cost.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to optical gyroscope instrument technical field, more particularly to a kind of depolarized loop using Polarization Control are low
The depolarized type optical fibre gyro of polarization error.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is a kind of to carry out the complete solid of speed of rotation measurement based on phase place change caused by Sagnac effect
State fibre optical sensor.Because with long lifespan, light weight, measurement range be big, the advantage such as capable of fast starting, from 1976 first
Since optical fibre gyro model machine is implemented, optical fibre gyro experienced development at full speed and be widely applied.Optical fibre gyro is gradual
Ground substitutes traditional mechanical gyro, turns into the main flow device in inertial navigation field.At present, high-precision optical fibre gyro is adopted mostly in
With polarization maintaining optical fibre technology, it is used for reducing the nonreciprocal caused zero offset error of polarization with this.High-precision optical fibre gyro one in but
As to use 1~2km even longer fiber optic coils, this causes the cost of polarization maintaining optical fibre coil in whole optical fibre gyro cost
Occupy very big ratio, the promotion and application of high-precision optical fiber gyro during this point can influence.Therefore using single-mode fiber
Depolarized technology centering high-precision optical fiber gyro is more attractive, still receives much concern.
Generally used structure is respectively to add one at the both ends of single mode fiber coil to disappear to current depolarized type optical fibre gyro
Inclined device.Depolarizer typically uses Luo Aite (Lyot) structure, i.e., two sections of polarization maintaining optical fibres are with major axes orientation welding at 45 °, second segment
The length of polarization maintaining optical fibre is twice of first paragraph, and length difference is significantly larger than the depolarized length of polarization maintaining optical fibre, and this to enter
The random polarization incident light of depolarizer can produce the two-beam for the same intensity propagated along second segment optical fiber fast and slow axis, and
It is decoherence.When light passes through the polarizer of Y waveguide, always there is 1/2 stable luminous power by and then causing along single-mode fiber
Polarization nonreciprocal just no longer gyro zero bias are had an impact.But in the De-FOG of reality, two sections of polarization-maintainings of depolarizer
Angle between optical fiber main shaft does not ensure that accurate 45 ° of welding, and this can still make De-FOG introduce polarization error, therefore,
The polarization error for how eliminating depolarized type optical fibre gyro, the precision for improving depolarized type optical fibre gyro have to be solved as this area
Technical problem.
Disclosure
(1) technical problems to be solved
Present disclose provides a kind of depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error, and it includes can be to the polarization-maintaining light of depolarizer
The backfeed loop that fine main shaft angle is controlled, so as to reduce depolarizer caused polarization error imperfect to axle.
(2) technical scheme
Present disclose provides a kind of depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error, including：Light source, coupler, integrated optics
Modulator, the first depolarizer, the second depolarizer, fiber optic loop and polarization control device；Wherein, the light that the light source is sent is through institute
State coupler and be divided into two-way light, wherein light is divided into first via light and the second road light by the integrated optical modulator all the way, it is described
First via light enters the fiber optic loop through first depolarizer, and second road light enters the light through second depolarizer
Fine ring；The polarization control device eliminates polarization based on the light intensity difference of first depolarizer and the second depolarizer output light and missed
Difference.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, first depolarizer includes the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre；
Second depolarizer includes the second polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the polarization control device includes：Optical fiber polarization controller, the first polarization
Beam splitter, the second polarization beam apparatus, the second detector, the 3rd detector and difference engine；The optical fiber polarization controller is connected to
Between first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre；The input of first polarization beam apparatus and the 3rd polarization-maintaining light
Fine output end is connected to axle, and the fast axle output end of first polarization beam apparatus is connected with the fiber optic loop, slow axis output end
It is connected with second detector；The output end of the input of second polarization beam apparatus and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre is to axle
It is connected, the fast axle output end of second polarization beam apparatus is connected with the fiber optic loop, slow axis output end and the described 3rd detection
Device is connected；Second detector is connected with the output end of the 3rd detector with two inputs of the difference engine, the difference
The output end of device is divided to be connected with the optical fiber polarization controller.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first via light enters first polarisation fibre, then through the optical fiber
Polarization Controller enters the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre, and it is fine that second road light enters second polarisation, subsequently into described the
Four polarization maintaining optical fibres；First polarization beam apparatus transmits the wave train along the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis to the second detector, described
Second polarization beam apparatus transmits the wave train along the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis to the 3rd detector；Second detector detects edge
First light intensity of the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis wave train, the 3rd detector are detected along the second of the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis wave train
Light intensity；The difference engine calculates the light intensity difference of the first light intensity and the second light intensity, controls optical fiber polarization controller, makes the first polarised light
Fibre output light polarization direction rotation, make the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft angle and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre and
The main shaft angle of 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre is identical.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the angle of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft into
45 °, the angle of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft is also at 45 °；The 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre length
It is twice of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre length, the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre length is twice of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre length.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, except first polarization maintaining optical fibre, the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre,
4th polarization maintaining optical fibre, remaining device are connected by single-mode fiber；The fiber optic loop is by single-mode fiber coiling.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the light source is Er-Doped superfluorescent fiber source.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical fiber polarization controller is the optics collection of full Dynamic Optical Fiber Polarization Control
Into device.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the integrated optical modulator is Y waveguide integrated optical modulator.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupler is 2 × 2 single-mode optical-fibre couplers.
(3) beneficial effect
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that the depolarized type optical fibre gyro of the low polarization error of the disclosure is with beneficial below
Effect：By adding polarization control device in existing depolarized type fiber-optic gyroscope light path, make fiber optic loop input/output terminal
Two depolarizers there is identical to shaft angle degree, thus reduce the polarization error of optical fibre gyro, improve depolarized type optical fiber
The precision of gyro and the bias instaility of optical fibre gyro, also depolarized type optical fibre gyro is caused more to play low excellent of its cost
Gesture.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the depolarized type optical fibre gyro of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Symbol description
1- light sources；The detectors of 2- first；3- couplers；4- integrated optical modulators；The polarization maintaining optical fibres of 5- first；6- second is protected
Polarisation is fine；7- optical fiber polarization controllers；The polarization maintaining optical fibres of 8- the 3rd；The polarization maintaining optical fibres of 9- the 4th；The polarization beam apparatus of 10- first；11-
Two polarization beam apparatus；The detectors of 12- second；The detectors of 13- the 3rd；14- difference engines；15- fiber optic loops.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in embodiment and embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present disclosure is carried out it is clear,
Complete description.Obviously, described embodiment is only disclosure part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained under the premise of creative work is not made it is all its
His embodiment, belong to the scope of disclosure protection.
Polarization error theory analysis is carried out to the optical fibre gyro using two depolarizers to understand, maximum polarization errorWith
The respective angle γ between two sections of polarization maintaining optical fibre main shafts of two depolarizers1、γ2Difference it is relevant, be represented by
It was found from formula (1), as long as ensureing that the polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft angle of two depolarizers meets γ1=γ2, it is possible to
Substantially reduce the influence that polarization error offsets bias tyre optical fiber gyroscope precision.
Based on above-mentioned analysis, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a kind of depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error, referring to figure
1, including：Light source 1, the first detector 2, coupler 3, integrated optical modulator 4, the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5, the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6,
Optical fiber polarization controller 7, the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, the first polarization beam apparatus 10, the second polarization beam apparatus
11st, the second detector 12, the 3rd detector 13, difference engine 14 and fiber optic loop 15.
Light source 1 uses wide spectrum light source, preferably Er-Doped superfluorescent fiber source, with high-precision optical fibre gyro in satisfaction.
The first input end of coupler 3 connects light source 1 through single-mode fiber, and the light that light source 1 is sent is divided into equal portions by coupler 3
Two-way light.
The input of integrated optical modulator 4 connects the first output end of coupler 3, the first detector 2 through single-mode fiber
The second output end through single-mode fiber connection coupler 3.Coupler 3 will wherein light inputs integrated optical modulator 4, the road all the way
Light is polarized after beam splitting by integrated optical modulator 4 and forms two-way light：First via light and the second road light.
First depolarizer is formed by the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 of single-mode fiber connection, by single-mode fiber
The second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 of connection form the second depolarizer.First depolarizer, the second depolarizer connect respectively
The both ends of fiber optic loop 15 are connected on, fiber optic loop 15 uses single-mode fiber.First polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 is adjusted through single-mode fiber connection integrated optics
First output end of device 4 processed, the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 connect the second output end of integrated optical modulator 4 through single-mode fiber.
The angle of the main shaft of first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 and the main shaft of the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 is at 45 °, the main shaft of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 and
The angle of the main shaft of four polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 is also at 45 °.The length of 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 is twice of the length of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, the 4th
The length of polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 is twice of the length of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6.In order to reach depolarized purpose and raising robustness, first protects
The length of polarisation fibre 5 and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 is much larger than the decoherence length of fiber optic loop 15.
The depolarized type optical fibre gyro of the present embodiment, optical fiber polarization controller 7, the first polarization beam apparatus 10, second polarization point
Beam device 11, the 3rd detector 13 and difference engine 14 form polarization control device.Wherein, optical fiber polarization controller 7 is connected to
Between one polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, the output of the input and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 of the first polarization beam apparatus 10
End is connected to axle, and the fast axle output end of the first polarization beam apparatus 10 is connected with fiber optic loop 15, slow axis output end and the second detector
12 are connected.The input of second polarization beam apparatus 11 is connected with the output end of the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 to axle, the second polarization beam apparatus
11 fast axle output end is connected with fiber optic loop 15, and slow axis output end is connected with the 3rd detector 13.Second detector 12 and the 3rd
The output end of detector 13 is connected with the two of difference engine inputs, output end and the phase of optical fiber polarization controller 7 of difference engine 14
Even.By the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5, the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6, the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, the first polarization beam apparatus
10th, the second polarization beam apparatus 11, the second detector 12, the 3rd detector 13, difference engine 14 and optical fiber polarization controller 7 form band
The depolarized control loop of feedback is polarized, so as to reduce the polarization error of depolarized type optical fibre gyro.
The first via light of integrated optical modulator 4 enters the first polarisation fibre 5, then enters the through optical fiber polarization controller 7
Three polarization maintaining optical fibres 8；Second road light enters the second polarisation fibre 6, subsequently into the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9.Due to the He of the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8
The length of 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 is twice of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 and the length of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 respectively, and is much larger than
The decoherence length of light wave, so exporting 4 parts of light waves respectively from the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, and is distributed two-by-two
On the fast and slow axis of optical fiber, realize depolarized.
If the main shaft angle and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8
9 main shaft angle is identical, then the second detector 12 is equal with the light intensity that the 3rd detector 13 detects.But reality is depolarized
Type optical fibre gyro, the above-mentioned two main shaft angle of depolarizer do not ensure that it is essentially equal, so can still make depolarized type optical fiber top
Spiral shell introduces polarization error.
The depolarized type optical fibre gyro of the present embodiment, the first polarization-maintaining beam splitter 10 and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 weld to axle, and second
What the polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 of polarization-maintaining beam splitter 11 and the 4th received to axle welding, the second detector 12 and the 3rd detector 13 is all slow axis
The light intensity in direction.Difference engine 14 makes the difference the light intensity that the second detector 12 is detected with the 3rd detector 13, optical fiber polarisation control
Device 7 is controlled by the light intensity difference, the light polarization main shaft rotation for being emitted the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5, protects the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5 and the 3rd
The main shaft angle of polarisation fibre 8 and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6 are identical with the main shaft angle of the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, according to formula (1)
Understand, so as to greatly reduce the polarization error of depolarized type optical fibre gyro, complete polarization control, improve depolarized type light
The precision of fine gyro.
It follows that the light wave of the arbitrary polarized direction exported from integrated optical modulator 4 by the first depolarizer and
After second depolarizer, polarized component is broken down into along four symmetrical wave trains of the fast and slow axis of the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, and along
Four symmetrical wave trains of the fast and slow axis of four polarization maintaining optical fibre 9.Two wave trains of wherein slow-axis direction can be detected by detector.Pass through
The slow axis of the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 and the intensity difference of the slow axis output light of the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 are measured, optical fiber polarization controller is controlled with this
7, the light polarization direction rotation for exporting the first polarization fiber 5, until the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 and the slow axis of the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9 are defeated
The intensity difference of light extraction is 0, so as to complete Polarization Control feedback, had both reached depolarized purpose, and had reduced polarization error again.
In the disclosure, optical integrated device of the optical fiber polarization controller 7 from full Dynamic Optical Fiber Polarization Control；Fiber optic loop
15 by single-mode fiber coiling；Integrated optical modulator 4 is Y waveguide integrated optical modulator；Coupler 3 is 2 × 2 single-mode fiber couplings
Clutch.Except the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 5, the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 6, the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre 9, remaining light path part
All by single-mode fiber connection and coiling.
So far, the present embodiment is described in detail combined accompanying drawing.According to above description, those skilled in the art
There should be clear understanding to the disclosure.
It should be noted that in accompanying drawing or specification text, the implementation that does not illustrate or describe is affiliated technology
Form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art, is not described in detail in field.In addition, above-mentioned definition to each element and not only limiting
Various concrete structures, shape or the mode mentioned in embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art can be carried out simply more to it
Change or replace, such as：
(1) direction term mentioned in embodiment, such as " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc., only it is ginseng
The direction of accompanying drawing is examined, is not used for limiting the protection domain of the disclosure；
(2) consideration that above-described embodiment can be based on design and reliability, the collocation that is mixed with each other uses or and other embodiment
Mix and match uses, i.e., the technical characteristic in different embodiments can freely form more embodiments.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the disclosure are carried out further in detail
Describe in detail bright, should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the disclosure, be not limited to the disclosure, it is all
Within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., the guarantor of the disclosure should be included in
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of depolarized type optical fibre gyro of low polarization error, including：It is light source, coupler, integrated optical modulator, first depolarized
Device, the second depolarizer, fiber optic loop and polarization control device；Wherein,
The light that the light source is sent is divided into two-way light through the coupler, wherein light is divided into by the integrated optical modulator all the way
First via light and the second road light, the first via light enter the fiber optic loop, second road light warp through first depolarizer
Second depolarizer enters the fiber optic loop；
The polarization control device eliminates polarization based on the light intensity difference of first depolarizer and the second depolarizer output light and missed
Difference.
2. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1, first depolarizer, which includes the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 3rd, to be protected
Polarisation is fine；Second depolarizer includes the second polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre.
3. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 2, the polarization control device include：Optical fiber polarization controller,
First polarization beam apparatus, the second polarization beam apparatus, the second detector, the 3rd detector and difference engine；
The optical fiber polarization controller is connected between first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre；
The input of first polarization beam apparatus is connected with the output end of the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre to axle, first polarization
The fast axle output end of beam splitter is connected with the fiber optic loop, and slow axis output end is connected with second detector；
The input of second polarization beam apparatus is connected with the output end of the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre to axle, second polarization
The fast axle output end of beam splitter is connected with the fiber optic loop, and slow axis output end is connected with the 3rd detector；
Second detector is connected with the output end of the 3rd detector with two inputs of the difference engine, the difference engine
Output end be connected with the optical fiber polarization controller.
4. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 3,
The first via light enters first polarisation fibre, then enters the 3rd polarization-maintaining light through the optical fiber polarization controller
Fibre, second road light enters second polarisation fibre, subsequently into the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre；
First polarization beam apparatus transmits the wave train along the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis to the second detector, second polarization
Beam splitter transmits the wave train along the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis to the 3rd detector；
First light intensity of second detector detection along the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis wave train, the 3rd detector detection is along the
Second light intensity of the four polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis wave trains；
The difference engine calculates the light intensity difference of the first light intensity and the second light intensity, controls optical fiber polarization controller, makes the first polarised light
Fibre output light polarization direction rotation, make the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft angle and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre and
The main shaft angle of 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre is identical.
5. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 2, the first polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft and the 3rd polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft
Angle it is at 45 °, the angle of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre main shaft is also at 45 °；3rd polarization-maintaining
Fiber lengths are twice of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre length, and the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre length is the two of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre length
Times.
6. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 3, except first polarization maintaining optical fibre, the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, the 3rd protect
Polarisation is fine, the 4th polarization maintaining optical fibre, and remaining device is connected by single-mode fiber；The fiber optic loop is by single-mode fiber coiling.
7. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1, the light source is Er-Doped superfluorescent fiber source.
8. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1, the optical fiber polarization controller is full Dynamic Optical Fiber Polarization Control
Optical integrated device.
9. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1, the integrated optical modulator are modulated for Y waveguide integrated optics
Device.
10. depolarized type optical fibre gyro as claimed in claim 1, the coupler is 2 × 2 single-mode optical-fibre couplers.
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| CN111366145A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江大学 | Optical multiplication device and method for polarization maintaining optical fiber sensitive coil of optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN114964203A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-08-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Depolarization method and system for hollow-core microstructure fiber optic gyroscope |
| CN116045944A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-02 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Single-ring double-sensitive-axis optical fiber gyro |
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