CN103405699B - Beverage for preventing and treating respiratory diseases caused by haze and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Beverage for preventing and treating respiratory diseases caused by haze and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beverage for preventing and treating respiratory diseases caused by haze. The beverage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of mulberry leaves, 10-20 parts of fresh reed roots, 10-20 parts of sweet almonds, 10-20 parts of lilies, 10-20 parts of radix glehniae, 10-20 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 7-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 6-12 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 6-12 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae, 5-10 parts of galangal, 5-10 parts of thunberg fritillary bulb, 5-10 parts of honeysuckle, 3-6 parts of bitter almonds and 0.5-1 part of menthol. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the beverage. The beverage is simple to prepare, can be used for comprehensively benefiting vital energy, tonifying deficiency, diffusing lung, moistening dryness, reducing sputum, relieving cough, stopping pain, removing stasis and relieving sore-throat, is beneficial for discharging harmful inhaled substances, and has a very good effect on symptoms such as cough and excessive phlegm caused by the haze.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and treat Chinese herbal medicine beverage because of the caused respiratory tract class of haze weather disease and preparation method thereof, belonging to technical field of Chinese medicines.
Background technology
Haze is the portmanteau word of mist and haze, and along with the deterioration of air quality, increasing appears in haze weather phenomenon, and harm increases the weight of.These three of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and pellets are haze chief components, the above two are gaseous contaminant, the particulate matter that can suck is to increase the weight of the arch-criminal that haze weather pollutes, and they and fog combine, and allow sky moment become dusky.The particulate matter source that city can suck is mainly the waste gas of vehicle exhaust, commercial production discharge and the airborne dust of construction site and road traffic generation.
Haze weather causes great injury to human body; what stand in the breach is respiratory system; often can cause the symptoms such as cough, abundant expectoration; severe patient also can cause acute upper respiratory tract infection (flu), acute tracheobronchitis and pneumonia, asthma attack, brings out or increases the weight of chronic bronchitis.At present, the medicine of the respiratory passage diseases also not causing for haze weather on market is open, and the medicine of the respiratory passage diseases that therefore research prevention and treatment haze cause is very important.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of beverage of preventing and treating the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes, this beverage has the function of lung qi dispersing cough-relieving, nourishing the lung to arrest cough, is conducive to the elimination of the symptom such as cough, abundant expectoration that haze causes.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of this beverage, and the method is simple, is convenient to implement.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A beverage of preventing and treating the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes, is characterized in that being made up of the crude drug of following weight portion: Folium Mori 20-30 part, fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis 10-20 part, Semen pruni armeniacae 10-20 part, Bulbus Lilii 10-20 part, Radix Glehniae 10-20 part, Radix Astragali 10-20 part, Radix Platycodonis 7-15 part, Radix Ophiopogonis 6-12 part, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 6-12 part, Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum 5-10 part, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii 5-10 part, Flos Lonicerae 5-10 part, Semen Armeniacae Amarum 3-6 part, 1 part of Mentholum 0.5-.
Above-mentioned beverage is preferably made up of the crude drug of following weight portion: 25 parts, Folium Mori, 15 parts of fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, 15 parts of Semen pruni armeniacaes, 15 parts of Bulbus Liliies, 15 parts of Radix Glehniaes, 15 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 8 parts of Radix Platycodoniss, 10 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 10 parts of Pericarpium Citri Reticulataes, 8 parts of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 6 parts of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergiis, 6 parts of Flos Loniceraes, 5 parts of Semen Armeniacae Amarums, 0.5 part of Mentholum.
While preparing above-mentioned beverage, Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum are added water and wear into screened stock, all the other raw material decocting in water are got extracting solution, then extracting solution and screened stock are mixed to filter cleaner, the concentrated beverage that to obtain.
The present invention prevents and treats the preparation method of the beverage of the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) get Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum by proportioning, add water and wear into screened stock, for subsequent use;
(2) get other raw materials by proportioning, water decocts 2-3 time, merge extractive liquid;
(3) by the extracting solution mix homogeneously of the screened stock of step (1) and step (2), filter cleaner, is concentrated into relative density 1.08-1.16, then adds sweeting agent seasoning, obtains beverage.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the addition of water is Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum gross mass 1-2 times.
In above-mentioned steps (2), raw material boils with 8-16 decocting doubly, each 1-2 hour.
The raw materials used medicine effect of the present invention is as follows:
Folium Mori, nature and flavor are sweet, bitter, cold, have dispelling wind and heat pathogens, clearing away lung-heat and moistening for dryness, effect of liver heat removing and eyesight improving, for anemopyretic cold, lung-heat type cough, dizziness headache, conjunctival congestion is dim-sighted.
Rhizoma Phragmitis, nature and flavor are sweet, cold, have clearing away heat and promoting production of body fluid, relieving restlessness, preventing or arresting vomiting, effect of diuresis
,for calentura excessive thirst, the gastric heat sound of vomiting of vomitting, cough due to lung-heat, lung abscess vomiting pus, the puckery pain of pyretic stranguria.
Semen pruni armeniacae, sweet in the mouth, property is flat, has effect of promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, lung moistening Dingchuan, controls asthenia cough with asthma, dryness of the intestine constipation, the dryness of the lung is breathed with cough.
Bulbus Lilii, nature and flavor are sweet, cold, have nourishing YIN and moistening the lung, effect of clearing away heart-fire for tranquillization, for deficiency of YIN chronic cough, sputum mixed with blood, fidgets due to deficiency palpitation with fear, insomnia and dreamful sleep, absentminded.
Radix Glehniae, sweet, the micro-hardship of nature and flavor, is slightly cold, and has nourishing YIN and clearing away lung-heat, effect of reinforcing stomach reg fluid, for lung-heat type cough, chronic cough expectorant blood, calentura Tianjin wound is thirsty.
The Radix Astragali, nature and flavor are sweet, and temperature has invigorating QI to consolidate the body surface resistance, diuresis poison holding, evacuation of pus, effect of expelling pus and promoting granulation, weak for the deficiency of vital energy, anorexia and loose stool, sinking of QI of middle-JIAO, chronic diarrhea proctoptosis, the metrorrhagia of having blood in stool, exterior deficiency spontaneous perspiration, deficiency of vital energy edema, carbuncle is difficult bursts, and burst and do not hold back for a long time, blood deficiency dull yellowish colored skin, interior-heat is quenched one's thirst; Chronic nephritis proteinuria, diabetes.
Radix Platycodonis, nature and flavor hardship, pungent, flat, there is lung qi dispersing, sore-throat relieving, eliminates the phlegm, and effect of evacuation of pus, for cough with copious phlegm, uncomfortable in chest not smooth, pharyngalgia, hoarseness, lung abscess vomiting pus, skin infection difficulty in discharging of pus.
Radix Ophiopogonis, sweet, the micro-hardship of nature and flavor, is slightly cold, and has YIN nourishing and the production of body fluid promoting, and effect that lung moistening clears away heart-fire, for dryness of the lung dry cough.Chronic consumptive disease cough, Tianjin wound is thirsty, vexed insomnia, interior-heat is quenched one's thirst, dryness of the intestine constipation; Pharyngeal diphtheria.
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, nature and flavor hardship, pungent, temperature, has regulating qi-flowing for strengthening spleen, and effect of drying dampness to eliminate phlegm, for fullness in the epigastrium and chest. lack of appetite and vomiting, cough with copious phlegm.
Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, nature and flavor are pungent, and heat has warming stomach for dispelling cold, effect of the pain relieving that helps digestion, for coldness and pain in the epigastrium, gastrofrigid vomiting, heating installation acid regurgitation.
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, nature and flavor hardship, cold, there is heat clearing away eliminating stagnation. effect of preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, for wind-heat invading the lung, phlegm-fire cough, lung abscess, mastalgia, scrofula, sore.
Flos Lonicerae, nature and flavor are sweet, cold, have heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, and effect of wind-heat dissipating, for carbuncle furuncle. sore throat, erysipelas, toxic-heat and blood stasis, anemopyretic cold, epidemic febrile disease heating.
Semen Armeniacae Amarum, nature and flavor hardship, tepor, slightly poisonous, return lung, large intestine channel, there is sending down the abnormal ascending QI relieving cough and asthma, effect of loosening bowel to relieve constipation, for cough and asthma. and fullness in the chest abundant expectoration, blood deficiency Tianjin is withered, dryness of the intestine constipation.
Mentholum, aromatic drug, remedium corrigens and carminative, produce refrigerant sense to alleviate discomfort and pain for skin or mucosa.
The present invention is taking Folium Mori, fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, Semen pruni armeniacae, Bulbus Lilii, Radix Glehniae, the Radix Astragali, Radix Platycodonis, Radix Ophiopogonis, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, Flos Lonicerae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Mentholum as crude drug, through processing and make beverage simply, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, the cough-relieving of Radix Platycodonis lung qi dispersing in side, fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, Bulbus Lilii, Radix Glehniae, Radix Ophiopogonis, Folium Mori nourishing the lung to arrest cough, Radix Astragali QI invigorating tonify deficiency, enhancing human body immunity function, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, Flos Lonicerae, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Mentholum, Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum regulate the flow of vital energy heat clearing away, the sore-throat relieving that reduces phlegm, pain relieving eliminating stagnation.Full side's QI invigorating tonify deficiency, lung qi dispersing is moisturized, preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, pain relieving eliminating stagnation had both had enhancing human body immunity function, was of value to the discharge of harmful inhalation (inhalatio), again lung qi dispersing moisturize, preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing sore-throat relieving, the symptom such as cough, abundant expectoration that haze is caused has good effect.Above crude drug is medicine food universal medication, easily buys, and without overt toxicity, product preparation is simple, is convenient to implement.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be further elaborated.If no special instructions, following embodiment Raw is weight portion.
embodiment 1
Get 25 parts, Folium Mori, 15 parts of fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, 15 parts of Semen pruni armeniacaes, 15 parts of Bulbus Liliies, 15 parts of Radix Glehniaes, 15 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 8 parts of Radix Platycodoniss, 10 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 10 parts of Pericarpium Citri Reticulataes, 8 parts of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 6 parts of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergiis, 6 parts of Flos Loniceraes, 5 parts of Semen Armeniacae Amarums, 0.5 part of Mentholum, as raw material, make in accordance with the following methods the present invention and prevent and treat the beverage of the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes:
1, get Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum by proportioning, add 1 quality water mill doubly to become screened stock, for subsequent use;
2, get other raw materials by proportioning, add the decocting of 12 times of raw materials to boil 2 times, each 2h, merge extractive liquid;
3,, by the extracting solution mix homogeneously of the screened stock of step (1) and step (2), filter cleaner, is concentrated into relative density (40 DEG C) 1.08-1.16, then adds stevioside seasoning, canned, obtains beverage.
embodiment 2
Get 20 parts, Folium Mori, 20 parts of fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, 10 parts of Semen pruni armeniacaes, 20 parts of Bulbus Liliies, 10 parts of Radix Glehniaes, 20 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 7 parts of Radix Platycodoniss, 12 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 6 parts of Pericarpium Citri Reticulataes, 10 parts of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 5 parts of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergiis, 10 parts of Flos Loniceraes, 3 parts of Semen Armeniacae Amarums, 1 part of Mentholum, as raw material, make in accordance with the following methods the present invention and prevent and treat the beverage of the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes:
1, get Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum by proportioning, add 2 quality water mill doubly to become screened stock, for subsequent use;
2, get other raw materials by proportioning, add the decocting of 8 times of raw materials to boil 3 times, each 1h, merge extractive liquid;
3,, by the extracting solution mix homogeneously of the screened stock of step (1) and step (2), filter cleaner, is concentrated into relative density (40 DEG C) 1.08-1.16, then adds stevioside seasoning, canned, obtains beverage.
embodiment 3
Get 30 parts, Folium Mori, 10 parts of fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, 20 parts of Semen pruni armeniacaes, 10 parts of Bulbus Liliies, 20 parts of Radix Glehniaes, 10 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 15 parts of Radix Platycodoniss, 6 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 12 parts of Pericarpium Citri Reticulataes, 5 parts of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 10 parts of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergiis, 5 parts of Flos Loniceraes, 6 parts of Semen Armeniacae Amarums, 0.5 part of Mentholum, as raw material, make in accordance with the following methods the present invention and prevent and treat the beverage of the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes:
1, get Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum by proportioning, add 1 quality water mill doubly to become screened stock, for subsequent use;
2, get other raw materials by proportioning, add the decocting of 16 times of raw materials to boil 2 times, each 2h, merge extractive liquid;
3,, by the extracting solution mix homogeneously of the screened stock of step (1) and step (2), filter cleaner, is concentrated into relative density (40 DEG C) 1.08-1.16, then adds stevioside seasoning, canned, obtains beverage.
the beverage of filling a prescription taking embodiment 1 is below example, studies its function and efficacy.
one, the research to beverage lung qi dispersing antitussive action of the present invention
1, grouping and administration: 18-22g Kunming mouse, ♀ ♂ half and half, is divided into blank group, positive controls, administration group (point high dose group, middle dosage group and low dose group), 11 every group at random by body weight, sex equilibrium.Wherein blank group gives warm water water 20ml/kg gavage, positive controls medicine used is loquat leaf extract, consumption is to give 20ml/kg after 3.9ml adds water to 20ml, administration group medicine used is beverage of the present invention, just dosage difference, administration group gives the beverage of the present invention of same volume variable concentrations according to the volume of 20ml/kg.Beverage of the present invention is made fine powder in the time of experiment, is added to the water and makes suspension administration, and fine powder preparation method is: lung qi dispersing cough-relieving beverage adopts vacuum drying, broken mistake 100 mesh sieves of powder and fine powder.
2, method: the 2min administration of every Mus interval, after administration 60min put into one by one YLS-8A multi-functional lure to cough to draw breathe heavily instrument transparent organic glass container, ultrasound atomizer sprays into 12.5% ammonia, give the stimulation of the mice scheduled time according to setting value, after stimulation, take out immediately mice, observe mouse cough number of times in 1min, if (abdominal muscle shrinks or contracting breast to occur three above (comprising three times) typical case cough actions in 1min, magnify mouth simultaneously, sometimes can have s cough) person, can be regarded as " having cough ", otherwise can be regarded as " without cough ".Ask median effective dose according to statistics " upper purgation " (sequential method), change every mice and accept the time of spraying, observe cough and whether occurs, and record it.The difference of the logarithm of adjacent two times adopts 0.1.When experiment, starting stimulates mice with a certain spray time spraying, and while there is cough reaction, next animal is just with the time spraying of low one-level, and on the contrary, if there is not cough, next is only just with higher leveled time spraying.Obtain administration group and matched group causes the needed spray time ET of half mouse cough by formula
50(EDT
50).ET
50=log
-1c/n, wherein c represents that drawing of 11 mices cough time sum, n is mice number of elements.According to formula R=administration group ET
50÷ blank group ET
50× 100% calculates the relative cough-relieving rate of every group, it is generally acknowledged that R value, 130% above person, tentatively thinks that medicine has antitussive action, 150% above person, can think that this medicine has obvious antitussive action.
3, result: respectively organize mice antitussive action as following table.
As can be seen from the above table, be subject to three dosage groups of reagent all to have antitussive action, wherein high dose group antitussive action is the most obvious.
4, conclusion
Beverage of the present invention and matched group comparison as can be seen from the above results, its R value is all greater than 130%, and high dose group reaches 203.74%, has obvious antitussive action, and in addition, the antitussive action of beverage of the present invention is apparently higher than positive control medicine.
two, the research to beverage resolve phlegm effect of the present invention
1, grouping and administration: 18-22g Kunming mouse, ♀ ♂ half and half, is divided into blank group, positive controls (being loquat leaf extract group), beverage high dose group of the present invention, middle dosage group and low dose group at random by body weight, sex equilibrium, and 10 every group, administering mode is the same.
2, method:
(1) preparation of phenol red solution: the preparation of (1) NaOH, precision takes NaOH crystalline solid 2g, after a small amount of distilled water diluting, is settled to 50ml, is made into the NaOH solution for standby of 1mol/l.(2) 7.05mmol/l(0.25g/dl) preparation of phenol red solution, precision takes phenol red powder 0.5g, dissolves with the NaOH solution 5ml preparing, and adds normal saline dilution to 200ml, shakes up for subsequent use.
(2) 2.24mmol/l(5g/dl) NaHCO
3the preparation of solution: precision takes NaHCO
3crystalline solid 5g, dissolves with 50ml distilled water, is diluted to 100ml, shakes up for subsequent use.
(3) preparation of range estimation standard pipe: analytical balance precision takes phenol red 0.1mg, with 100ml NaHCO
3solution (5g/dl) dilutes, and is mixed with the phenol red solution of 1000 μ g/ml, as a pipe solution; Get solution 0.1ml in a pipe, be diluted to 100ml, as 1ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.1ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, as 2ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.3ml in a pipe, be diluted to 100ml, as 3ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.2ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, as 4ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.25ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, as 5ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.3ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, as 6ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.35ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, be 7ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.4ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, be 8ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.45ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, be 9ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.5ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, be 10ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 0.75ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, be 15ng/ml standard pipe; Get solution 1ml in a pipe, be diluted to 50ml, be 20ng/ml standard pipe.The standard pipe numbering sealing preparing saves backup (3ml/ pipe).
(4) experimentation: can't help after water 12h last administration 30min in fasting, through lumbar injection 7.05mmol/L(0.25g/dl) phenol red solution 0.5ml, after injection 30min, de-neck is put to death mice, face upward position and be fixed on operation plate, cut off positive skin in cervical region, separate subcutaneous tissue, expose trachea, No. 7 syringe needles that under larynx, head polished insert about 0.3cm in trachea, fix with silk thread ligation, use 1ml syringe to draw 2.24mmol/L(5g/dl) NaHCO
3solution 0.5ml, rinses respiratory tract 3 times back and forth by syringe needle.Cleaning mixture is collected in test tube, again drawn NaHCO
3solution 0.5ml, washes one's hands and face 3 times as above-mentioned again, collects cleaning mixture, repeats so altogether 3 times, collects three cleaning mixture and mixes, and the centrifugal 10min of 3000r/min, gets under the made range estimation standard pipe natural light of supernatant and step (3) and carry out colorimetric, and result is as following table.
3, conclusion:
Can find out from above-mentioned experimental result, three dosage groups of beverage of the present invention increase phenol red content in flushing liquor in various degree, and present dose-effect dependence, do the most obvious in order to high dose group, relatively there is significant difference (P<0.05) with blank group, point out beverage of the present invention under higher dosage, can reduce the generation of sputum.
three, beverage of the present invention causes the impact of immunosuppressed mice endothelium reticular system macrophage phagocytic function on cyclophosphamide
Get 72 of mices and be divided at random 6 groups, be respectively model group, lentinan group, administration group (comprising beverage high dose group of the present invention, middle dosage group and low dose group) and blank group.Model group is according to the amount gavage normal saline of 20ml/kg, the aqueous suspension of lentinan group gavage lentinan film, according to the volume gavage of 20ml/kg, the suspension of administration group gavage beverage fine powder of the present invention, according to the volume gavage of 20ml/kg, various dose group concentration difference, blank group gavages normal saline according to the volume of 20ml/kg.Model group, lentinan group and administration group successive administration 7 days according to the method described above, once a day, and in first 3 days every Mus intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide 80 mg/kg of administration, blank group is not injected cyclophosphamide.
1 h after last 1 administration, every Mus lumbar injection 5% chicken red blood cell suspension 0.4 mL/ only, puts to death mice after 4 h, survey phagocytic percentage and the phagocytic index of abdomen macrophage, under the microscope of 100 times, phagocytic percentage and the phagocytic index of 100 abdomen macrophages of counting, the results are shown in following table.
Can find out from data, tool of the present invention be significantly improved immunosuppressed mice macrophage phagocytic function, promote the effect of nonspecific immunity, be conducive to repulsion and the removing of imbedibility deleterious particle.
four, beverage of the present invention causes the research of the Fibrotic protective effect of lung tissue of rats to superfine silicon dioxide (SiO2) micropowder
Beverage of the present invention has that lung qi dispersing is moisturized, the effect of preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, QI invigorating tonify deficiency, for verifying its efficacy effect, it has been carried out reducing silicon tuberosity and the collagen content pharmacodynamic observation in Silicotic Rats, for its application provides foundation.
1. materials and methods
1.1 animals: W istar rat, 180 ~ 200 g, male and female dual-purpose; Purchased from Shandong University's Experimental Animal Center.Animal credit number: SCXK Shandong 20090004.
1.2 medicines and reagent: the beverage of the embodiment of the present invention 1 through vacuum drying, pulverized the fine powder of 100 mesh sieve gained.Silicon dioxide (SiO2), Hebei province's chemical industry three factory's products, analytical pure (SiO2>99.99%), pulverizes company's processing powder by Shandong times power and is broken into ultrafine dust, and wherein the granule number of fineness <5 μ exceedes 99%.Stephania sinica Diels tablets, Jinqiao Pharmaceutical Factory's product, lot number 200901103.Hydroxyproline (HP) test kit, cell alkali phosphatase (CAKP) dye liquor, all build up Bioengineering Research Institute purchased from Nanjing.Sirius red (SIRIUSRED) dyeing liquor, SIGMA company of U.S. product, purchased from Beijing chemical reagents corporation.
1.3 instrument Germany produce LEIZI biologic slice machine.WFZ UV-2000 ultra-violet and visible spectrophotometer.
1.4 modellings: get W istar rat, male and female half and half, body weight 170 ~ 200 g, after etherization, entangle front tooth with silk thread, hang over and dye on dirt frame, are dorsal position, dye dirt frame and raise angle at 45 °.Pull out gently tongue with tweezers, fixing, observe the glottis opening with respiration open-close by otoscope, penetrate gently with the blunt nosed puncture needle of 12#, when pumpback, see and have continuous air bubbles rising, illustrate in trachea.Only (face the used time adds penicillin 2 × 10 to 5% ultrafine quartz powder physiological sodium chloride 1 ml/ of disposable injection high-pressure steam sterilization
7u/L), then pinch rat head skin, vertical rotary animal bodies is to make endotracheal dust liquid be evenly distributed to lung tissue.
1.5 groupings dye that animal after dirt is normal raises 3 modeling animals of execution after 4 weeks, and the visible lung tissue tangent plane of macroscopy has canescence or the taupe pathological changes of the distribution of being dispersed in, and diameter 0.1 ~ 0.3 cm is not etc., matter is harder, obscure boundary is clear, illustrates that pneumosilicosis initial stage pathological changes forms, modeling success.Be divided at random 5 groups (10 every group) by the equilibrium of sex body weight afterwards: model control group, positive drug control group and administration group (the high, medium and low dosage group of beverage of the present invention), every day, gavage gave distilled water, cepharanthine 40 mg/kg, beverage fine powder of the present invention 20,10,5 g/kg respectively, administration volume is all 20 ml/kg, separately establish with buy goods wholesale into but not 10 of modeling animals as Normal group, wait capacity distilled water.Successive administration 12 weeks.
24 h after 1.6 observation index and the administration of method last thereof, the de-cervical vertebra of animal is put to death.Dissection is got lungs and is claimed full weight, quantitatively takes a small amount of fresh lung tissue in every part of specimen, adds physiological sodium chloride and makes 2% tissue homogenate, for measuring HP content (digestion method).Quantitatively take 0.5 g lung tissue again and shred rear acetone defat 3 d, 105 DEG C of baking ovens toast 12 h, claim dry weight, the dry weight that converts and help lung.Remaining lung tissue is fixed with 10% formaldehyde, and paraffin section, after HE dyeing, carries out routine pathology and learns inspection and silicon tuberosity classification score.Pneumosilicosis is divided into 4 grades by light microscopy checking, i.e. I level: cellularity tuberosity, in tuberosity taking cell component as main, with a small amount of collagen fiber; Mainly formed by dust cell, can between have a small amount of Reticulocyte, but collagen-free fiber; II level: be fibrocyte tuberosity.III level: be cell fibrous tubercle, in tuberosity, collagen fiber increase, and cell component obviously reduces; IV level: the typical silicon tuberosity being made up of collagen fiber completely, is vitreous degeneration.Silicon tuberosity point system is, each specimen is cut into slices in 5 visuals field of low power Microscopic observation, often see 1 point of 1 I level tuberosity meter, 1.2 points of 1 II level tuberosity meters, 1.4 points of 1 III level tuberosity meters, 1.6 points of 1 IV level meters, then add up to all tuberositys this group total score, then are this group silicon tuberosity average divided by every treated animal number.
Except routine pathology is learned inspection, lung tissue paraffin section also carries out respectively CAKP (diazonium amine salt method) and I, III Collagen Type VI (sirius red dyeing) histochemical stain, application CMIAS color medical image analyser, each group of lungs section chosen to 10 visuals field at random, measure respectively CAKP, I, III expression of collagen degree, positive staining area as calculated machine gradation of image scanning digital is converted to and accounts for lungs visual field Area Ratio, carries out in situ quantitation analysis.
The all continuous datas of 1.7 statistical analysis input microcomputer, Excel statistical software processes, parameters obtained with
± s represents, the relatively significance of group difference of Student ' s t inspection.
2, result
2.1 lung tissue HP and lung dry weight, the results are shown in following table.Result demonstration, the HP content that administration is respectively organized in lung tissue is all starkly lower than model control group; The difference of lung tissue dry weight is more obvious.
The routine pathology morphological observation of 2.2 pairs of experimental silicosises
Compared with Normal group, model group has a large amount of silicon tuberositys to form, and has obvious blood stasis around.The alveolar structure in some region remains, but lung small artery tube wall obviously thickens.Typical tuberosity central area is dust material, a large amount of dust cell around, and outermost layer is fibroblast or fibrocyte, and severe patient is entirely fibrous tissue, and vitreous degeneration even occurs.Silicon tuberosity alveolar structure is around most of to be destroyed, and residual alveolar has underwent compensatory enlargement, a large amount of proliferation of fibroblasts of alveolar interstitial.The characteristics of lesion of each medication group is similar to model group, but degree is lighter, and alveolar structure exists silicon tuberosity substantially.Classification score situation sees the following form.
Result shows, except a small amount of III level tuberosity and indivedual early stage IV level tuberosity appear in model group, each group is all mainly that I level and II level tuberosity are main, and the average of the each dosage group of administration group (being beverage group of the present invention) all obviously reduces, and presenting certain dose-effect relationship, effect is better than positive group.
the quantitative analysis of 2.3 CAKP, I, III Collagen Type VI
The CAKP demonstration of dyeing, only has few CAKP positive particle in normal lung tissue, model group rolls up, and is mainly centered around silicon tuberosity and blood stasis region around.The CAKP positive particle of administration group and positive drug group is also more intensive than model group.Sirius red dyeing shows: in silicon tuberosity, mainly taking NTx as main, take on a red color, birefringent crude fibre under polarizing microscope; Only have a small amount of III Collagen Type VI, be the fine fibre of yellow green, weak birefringence, only in the remaining more region of alveolar or the blood vessel wall energy thickening see.The quantitative analysis of CAKP, I, III expression of collagen, sees the following form.
As seen from the above table, the CAKP of Silicotic model group and I, III Collagen Type VI all obviously increase, and compared with model control group, CAKP and the NTx of the each dosage group of beverage of the present invention and positive controls obviously reduce, and III Collagen Type VI has no significant effect.
3, conclusion
Experimental result demonstration, beverage of the present invention improves significantly to the pathomorphology of experimental silicosis.Show the reduction (P<0.05 or P<0.01) of lung dry weight, the reduction of silicon tuberosity total score and average, and present certain dose-effect relationship.
HP accounts for 13.4% in collagen protein, accounts for minute quantity in elastin laminin, in other albumen, does not all exist, and therefore HP content can react the situation of collagenic supersession in body or tissue.Experiment shows that beverage of the present invention can obviously reduce the HP content in lung tissue, points out this beverage to stop the generation of collagen protein.
Alkali phosphatase is mainly positioned on cell membrane, is the enzyme of a hydrolysis phosphate bond, and it is particularly relevant with the substance transportation on cell membrane with the proliferation and differentiation of cell, in histiocytic repair process, plays a significant role.Experiment demonstration, in normal lung tissue, CAKP content is little, in the pathological tissues of pneumosilicosis, rolls up, and model contrast increases more obvious.In conjunction with silicon tuberosity score value and fibrosis and the HP inspection etc. of HE section, the increase of prompting alkali phosphatase may be the needs of tissue repair reset procedure.
What collagen protein was common is 4 kinds, is mainly I type and III Collagen Type VI in silicotic fibrosis.NTx is the main component that forms silicon tuberosity, and III Collagen Type VI is the composition in vascular tissue, and in lung tissue, the change of different collagen deposition ratios may be also to use one of mechanism of action of beverage antagonism silicotic fibrosis of the present invention.Sirius red is to be easy to a kind of highly acid dyestuff that the basic amino acid in collagen is combined, and is paid attention in recent years in pulmonary fibrosis research, can show and differentiating I type and III Collagen Type VI simultaneously, and in fibrosis research, tool has great advantage.Experiment demonstration, the I type in model control group lung tissue is all significantly increased (compared with Normal group, P<0.001) with III Collagen Type VI; Successive administration 12 weeks, NTx in beverage treated animal lung tissue of the present invention is starkly lower than model group, difference has very significant (P<0.01 or P<0.001), the content of III Collagen Type VI changes not obvious, even there is increase trend, point out beverage of the present invention not only to affect the content of collagen, also affect the ratio of I type and III Collagen Type VI, silicon tuberosity in Silicotic Rats and collagen protein are had to obvious reducing effect, for the practical application of product of the present invention provides certain foundation, its dependent interaction mechanism also needs to continue research.
Claims (6)
1. a beverage of preventing and treating the respiratory passage diseases that haze causes, is characterized in that being made up of the crude drug of following weight portion: Folium Mori 20-30 part, fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis 10-20 part, Semen pruni armeniacae 10-20 part, Bulbus Lilii 10-20 part, Radix Glehniae 10-20 part, Radix Astragali 10-20 part, Radix Platycodonis 7-15 part, Radix Ophiopogonis 6-12 part, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 6-12 part, Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum 5-10 part, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii 5-10 part, Flos Lonicerae 5-10 part, Semen Armeniacae Amarum 3-6 part, 1 part of Mentholum 0.5-.
2. beverage according to claim 1, is characterized in that being made up of the crude drug of following weight portion: 25 parts, Folium Mori, 15 parts of fresh Rhizoma Phragmitis, 15 parts of Semen pruni armeniacaes, 15 parts of Bulbus Liliies, 15 parts of Radix Glehniaes, 15 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 8 parts of Radix Platycodoniss, 10 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 10 parts of Pericarpium Citri Reticulataes, 8 parts of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 6 parts of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergiis, 6 parts of Flos Loniceraes, 5 parts of Semen Armeniacae Amarums, 0.5 part of Mentholum.
3. beverage according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: while preparing beverage, Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum are added water and wear into screened stock, all the other raw material decocting in water are got extracting solution, then extracting solution and screened stock is mixed to filter cleaner, the concentrated beverage that to obtain.
4. a preparation method for the beverage of the respiratory passage diseases that the control haze described in claim 1 or 2 causes, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) get Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum by proportioning, add water and wear into screened stock, for subsequent use;
(2) get other raw materials by proportioning, water decocts 2-3 time, merge extractive liquid;
(3), by the extracting solution mix homogeneously of the screened stock of step (1) and step (2), filter cleaner, is concentrated into 40 DEG C of relative density 1.08-1.16, then adds sweeting agent seasoning, obtains beverage.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in step (1), the addition of water is Semen pruni armeniacae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum gross mass 1-2 times.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in step (2), raw material boils with 8-16 decocting doubly, each 1-2 hour.
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Effective date of registration: 20170302 Address after: 100000 Beijing, Gaobeidian, Gaobeidian rural village, building four, District 5, No. 37, No. Patentee after: Beijing Taikaier nutrition science and technology development limited liability company Address before: 250014 Shanxi, Ji'nan province Lixia District swallow Road, No. 7, Shandong Patentee before: Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine |