CN103401272B - Based on the photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method of regional coordination - Google Patents

Based on the photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method of regional coordination Download PDF

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CN103401272B
CN103401272B CN201310273324.8A CN201310273324A CN103401272B CN 103401272 B CN103401272 B CN 103401272B CN 201310273324 A CN201310273324 A CN 201310273324A CN 103401272 B CN103401272 B CN 103401272B
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voltage
idle
control
delta
bus
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CN103401272A (en
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黄华
高宗和
丁茂生
戴则梅
项丽
陈颜
陈建华
马军
施佳峰
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NINGXIA ELECTRIC POWER Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Nari Technology Co Ltd
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NINGXIA ELECTRIC POWER Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Nari Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method based on regional coordination, comprise the following steps: 1) carry out region voltage control model, wherein photovoltaic plant is modeled as the control unit of similar conventional power plant unit; 2) photovoltaic plant uploads Reactive-power control ability and running status and receiving scheduling main website control command is followed the tracks of and performed in real time; 3) the operation of power networks data of main website AVC real time scan SCADA collection; 4) main website AVC carries out operating condition decision-making, automatically selects the power plant and the bus that participate in calculating and control; 5) according to photovoltaic electric station grid connection point voltage state, decision-making is carried out to maincenter bus; 6) refresh region voltage control model, coordinates idle adjustment amount according to control sensitivity; 7) solve control strategy by Novel Algorithm, main website AVC is issued high side bus voltage desired value by SCADA telecontrol channel to power plant, issues Target of Reactive Power value to photovoltaic plant.The present invention can compensate the grid-connected voltage fluctuation caused and stabilize.

Description

Based on the photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method of regional coordination
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power system control, the present invention relates to the voltage control method that a kind of photovoltaic electric station grid connection based on regional coordination regulates and controls more precisely.
Background technology
Solar energy power generating is a kind of forms of electricity generation utilizing the photovoltaic effect principle of solar cell solar radiant energy to be directly converted to electric energy.Under the pressure of and ecological deterioration nervous in global energy, photovoltaic generation is subject to the attention of countries in the world, and photovoltaic generation industry is rapidly developed.Large-scale photovoltaic generation access brings considerable influence to the safety and stability of electrical network, and wherein reactive voltage problem is one of problem received much attention at present.
Inner at photovoltaic plant, by regulating photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and booster stations reactive power compensator, can control also site is idle, possess certain Reactive-power control ability, existing many documents have carried out simulation study and assessment with regard to the grid-connected impact on reactive voltage of large-scale photovoltaic power station simultaneously.Result of study and operating experience show, photovoltaic plant access the reactive power support ability of partial electric grid power have very important impact to photovoltaic plant and the normal operation that is connected to the grid thereof.Exert oneself due to photovoltaic generation and there is randomness and fluctuation feature and photovoltaic plant Reactive-power control scarce capacity, easily cause large-sized photovoltaic electric station grid connection point voltage frequent fluctuation, at the system access point of weakness, even may cause voltage stabilization sex chromosome mosaicism.
At present, based on scheduling station AVC(automatism voltage control) the region voltage control technology that realizes progressively obtains practical application.Its general principle is the locality feature based on reactive balance, carries out cooperation control to multiple reactive sources such as generating sets in region, meet busbar voltage constraint prerequisite under realize the idle control objectives of backbone point voltage or critical point.Region voltage controls to solve by coordinated secondary voltage control (CSVC) method, and CSVC method is a quadratic programming model, is expressed as follows with Mathematical Modeling:
1) target function: min ΔQ g r | | ( V p - V p ref ) + C pg ΔQ g | | 2 + h | | θ | | 2 , Wherein V pwith maincenter bus current voltage and target voltage respectively, C pgfor controlling the sensitivity coefficient matrix of unit centering pivot bus, Δ Q gcontrol the idle adjustment amount of unit; R and h is weight coefficient, and θ is idle coordination vector, and its meaning utilizes generator number to be greater than maincenter bus number, has the feature of certain degree of freedom, realizes the adjustment to reactive power flow equiblibrium mass distribution.Make θ i=Δ Q gi(wherein θ iidle i-th component coordinating vector, Δ Q gibe i-th and control the idle of unit), now idle coordination vector is in fact it is considered that from current point of operation, and idle adjustment amount is minimum, and the unit controlling sensitivity larger should bear larger idle adjustment amount;
2) constraints: comprise reactive source exert oneself bound constraint definition?) constraint of critical busses voltage bound control bus voltage step size retrains wherein Q g, control current idle, the idle lower limit of unit and the idle upper limit, V respectively c, critical busses current voltage, lower voltage limit, upper voltage limit respectively, C cgcontrol unit to the sensitivity coefficient matrix of critical busses, C vgcontrol unit to the sensitivity coefficient matrix of control bus, it is each control bus voltage maximal regulated amount.
Therefore, how on the basis giving full play to the existing Reactive-power control ability of photovoltaic plant, from the angle of regional coordination, reducing the grid-connected voltage fluctuation caused, is the problem that photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control waits to solve.
Through preliminary search, find no the patent entry relevant to content of the present invention temporarily.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is:
On the basis giving full play to photovoltaic plant Reactive-power control ability, from the angle of regional coordination, cooperation control is carried out to the multiple reactive source such as generating set and photovoltaic plant, the grid-connected voltage fluctuation caused is compensated and stabilized, provides voltage support for large-scale photovoltaic is grid-connected.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme to realize:
Based on a photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method for regional coordination, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) carry out region voltage control model, wherein photovoltaic plant is modeled as control unit;
2) photovoltaic plant uploads Reactive-power control ability and running status in real time, and real-time reception scheduling station control command also follows the tracks of execution;
3) the operation of power networks status data that gathers of main website AVC real time scan SCADA, comprises busbar voltage, unit is idle, unit is meritorious, switch tool state, photovoltaic plant Reactive-power control ability and the state etc. that puts into operation, and close lock signal;
4) main website AVC is according to the real-time running state of bus, Power Plant, photovoltaic plant and block signal, carries out operating condition decision-making, selects the power plant and the bus that participate in calculating and control; Operating mode decision-making refers to that the authority to equipment participates in controlling carries out decision-making, decision process is carried out according to plant stand-bus-equipment (unit) state classification, such as unit, belonging to it, plant stand, associated bus and unit self three are in blocking arbitrarily, then unit does not just participate in controlling.
5) according to photovoltaic electric station grid connection point voltage state, decision-making is carried out to maincenter bus, correct when grid-connected point voltage is out-of-limit, if photovoltaic electric station grid connection point busbar voltage is normal, then also should be chosen as critical busses by site bus; Otherwise, this and site bus are chosen as maincenter bus, and upgrade maincenter bus target voltage; Maincenter bus is control objectives, refers to the automatic selection to control objectives to the decision-making of maincenter bus.When photovoltaic electric station grid connection bus is out-of-limit, maincenter bus will be automatically selected as and correct.
6) refresh region voltage control quadratic programming model, control variables is that generating set and photovoltaic plant are idle, target function is that the minimum and critical busses of maincenter busbar voltage deviation meets voltage constraint, and participate in without the distribution of work by controlling sensitivity, the unit that namely sensitivity is larger should bear larger idle adjustment amount; Controlling the sensitivity used when policy calculation processed is accused in sensitivity, is the extension of reactive voltage sensitivity concept at control field.
7) solved by Novel Algorithm, the control strategy of acquisition comprises the Delta such as unit is idle, busbar voltage, and main website AVC is issued high side bus voltage desired value by SCADA telecontrol channel to power plant, issues Target of Reactive Power value to photovoltaic plant.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches: the present invention sets up region voltage Controlling model, from regional coordination angle, cooperation control is carried out to the multiple reactive source such as generating set and photovoltaic plant, by complementation and the cooperation of multiple reactive source, meet busbar voltage constraint prerequisite under realize the idle control objectives of backbone point voltage or critical point, can the grid-connected voltage fluctuation caused be compensated and be stabilized, provide voltage support for large-scale photovoltaic is grid-connected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The grid-connected region voltage of accompanying drawing 1 controls schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention propose the photovoltaic plant voltage control method based on regional coordination by reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiment be described in detail as follows:
Accompanying drawing 1 is that grid-connected region voltage controls schematic diagram, has typicalness.In figure, control area comprises 1 grid-connected photovoltaic plant and 1 conventional power plant.The control method that the present invention proposes will be set up the region voltage Controlling model containing grid-connected bus and adopt QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING METHOD FOR to solve.Specifically comprise the following steps:
1) set up region voltage Controlling model, wherein BUS3 is maincenter bus, and BUS1 is control bus, and photovoltaic electric station grid connection bus BUS2 is critical busses, and photovoltaic plant equivalence is for controlling unit G2;
2) photovoltaic plant uploads Reactive-power control ability (comprise can increase idle/can subtract idle) and running status (comprise and drop into/exit and a distant place/local state) in real time;
3) the operation of power networks status data that gathers of main website AVC real time scan SCADA, comprises that unit is idle, unit is meritorious, switch tool state etc., and closes lock signal, wherein busbar voltage vector V=[V 1, V 2, V 3] t, unit is idle goes out force vector Q=[Q 1, Q 2] t;
4) main website AVC is according to the real-time running state of bus and Power Plant/photovoltaic plant and block signal, carry out operating condition decision-making, automatic selection participates in Power Plant and the bus of calculating and control, wherein carry out real-time topology according to switch tool state, and combination measurement aggregation of data judges whether unit, bus are in charging operation state, according to block signal, increase the block signals such as magnetic latch/demagnetize locking/dysregulation as unit and judge whether unit, bus run normal, according to the equipment that unit, bus running status select participation to calculate and control;
5) decision-making is carried out to maincenter bus, correct when grid-connected point voltage is out-of-limit.Consider the following two kinds situation:
51) grid-connected some busbar voltage is normal, and now also site bus remains critical busses, and maincenter bus is also corresponding constant;
52) grid-connected some busbar voltage is out-of-limit, automatically selects also site bus to be maincenter bus, and automatically determines grid-connected point voltage correction target value V by following formula 2 ref:
V 2 ref = V 2 max - &Delta; V tol , if V 2 > V 2 max V 2 min + &Delta; V tol , if V 2 < V 2 min
Wherein, V 2 max, V 2 minbe respectively and the lower limit of site busbar voltage and the upper limit, Δ V tolfor the voltage correction bandwidth of setting.
6) refresh region voltage control quadratic programming model, control variables is that generating set is idle and photovoltaic plant is idle, target function is that maincenter busbar voltage deviation is minimum, and take into account idle reasonable distribution of exerting oneself, also making full use of photovoltaic plant Reactive-power control ability is combined nearby based on principle that is on the spot idle or that adjust, participate in without the distribution of work by controlling sensitivity, the unit that namely sensitivity is larger should bear larger idle adjustment amount, and concrete mathematical model is shown in the relevant elaboration of CSVC in background technology;
7) solved by Novel Algorithm, obtain the idle increment optimal solution of control variables unit be converted into the control command to power plant and photovoltaic plant again.Wherein each command calculations method is as follows:
71) following quadratic programming model is solved:
min &Delta; Q 1 , &Delta; Q 2 | | ( V p - V p ref ) + C p 1 &Delta; Q 1 + C p 2 &Delta; Q 2 | | 2 + &Delta; Q 1 T h&Delta; Q 1 + &Delta; Q 2 T r&Delta; Q 2 s . t . V _ p &le; V p + C p 1 &Delta; Q 1 + C p 2 &Delta; Q 2 &le; V &OverBar; p Q _ 1 &le; Q 1 + &Delta; Q 1 &le; Q &OverBar; 1 Q _ 2 &le; Q 2 + &Delta; Q 2 &le; Q &OverBar; 2
Wherein, Q 1, current idle, the idle lower limit of Power Plant and the idle upper limit respectively, Q 2, current idle, the idle lower limit of photovoltaic plant and the idle upper limit respectively; V p, maincenter bus current voltage, lower voltage limit and upper voltage limit, C p1the idle sensitivity to maincenter busbar voltage of Power Plant, C p2the idle sensitivity to maincenter busbar voltage of photovoltaic plant, Δ Q 1the idle adjustment amount of Power Plant, Δ Q 2it is the idle adjustment amount of photovoltaic plant; H is Power Plant weight coefficient, and r is photovoltaic plant weight coefficient, makes h > r, and preferential adjustment photovoltaic plant is idle; Adopt active set Algorithm for Solving, provide the idle adjustment amount of the Power Plant after calculating adjustment amount idle with photovoltaic unit
72) high side bus voltage set point is issued to power plant: wherein C vgcontrol the idle sensitivity coefficient matrix to voltage of unit;
73) photovoltaic plant is issued and the idle set point in site:
The present invention is illustrated according to the preferred embodiment, should be appreciated that but above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, the technical scheme that the form that all employings are equal to replacement or equivalent transformation obtains, and all drops within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1., based on a photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method for regional coordination, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) carry out region voltage control model, wherein photovoltaic plant is modeled as control unit;
2) photovoltaic plant uploads Reactive-power control ability and running status in real time, and real-time reception scheduling station control command also follows the tracks of execution;
3) the operation of power networks status data that gathers of main website AVC real time scan SCADA, comprises busbar voltage, unit is idle, unit is meritorious, switch tool state, photovoltaic plant Reactive-power control ability and put into operation state and block signal;
4) main website AVC is according to the real-time running state of bus, Power Plant, photovoltaic plant and block signal, carries out operating condition decision-making, selects participate in calculating and the bus controlled and control unit;
5) according to photovoltaic electric station grid connection point voltage state, decision-making is carried out to maincenter bus, corrects when grid-connected point voltage is out-of-limit, specifically comprise the following steps:
51) grid-connected some busbar voltage is normal, and now also site bus remains critical busses, and maincenter bus is also corresponding constant;
52) grid-connected some busbar voltage is out-of-limit, automatically selects also site bus to be maincenter bus, and automatically determines grid-connected point voltage correction target value V by following formula 2 ref:
V 2 ref = V 2 max - &Delta; V tol , if V 2 > V 2 max V 2 min + &Delta; V tol , if V 2 < V 2 min
Wherein, V 2 max, V 2 minbe respectively and the lower limit of site busbar voltage and the upper limit, Δ V tolfor the voltage correction bandwidth of setting;
6) refresh region voltage control quadratic programming model, control variables is that generating set and photovoltaic plant are idle, target function is that the minimum and critical busses of maincenter busbar voltage deviation meets voltage constraint, and participate in without the distribution of work by controlling sensitivity, the unit that namely sensitivity is larger should bear larger idle adjustment amount;
7) solved by Novel Algorithm, the control strategy of acquisition comprises the idle and busbar voltage of unit, and main website AVC is issued high side bus voltage desired value by SCADA telecontrol channel to power plant, issues Target of Reactive Power value to photovoltaic plant.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the photovoltaic electric station grid connection voltage control method of regional coordination, it is characterized in that, step 7) in, desired value computational methods are as follows:
71) following quadratic programming model is solved:
min &Delta; Q 1 , &Delta; Q 2 | | ( V p - V p ref ) + C p 1 &Delta; Q 1 + C p 2 &Delta; Q 2 | | 2 + &Delta; Q 1 T h&Delta; Q 1 + &Delta; Q 2 T r&Delta; Q 2 s . t . V &OverBar; p &le; V p + C p 1 &Delta; Q 1 + C p 2 &Delta; Q 2 &le; V &OverBar; p Q &OverBar; 1 &le; Q 1 + &Delta; Q 1 &le; Q &OverBar; 1 Q &OverBar; 2 &le; Q 2 + &Delta; Q 2 &le; Q &OverBar; 2
Wherein, Q 1, current idle, the idle lower limit of Power Plant and the idle upper limit respectively, Q 2, current idle, the idle lower limit of photovoltaic plant and the idle upper limit respectively; V p, maincenter bus current voltage, lower voltage limit and upper voltage limit, maincenter bus target voltage, C p1the idle sensitivity to maincenter busbar voltage of Power Plant, C p2the idle sensitivity to maincenter busbar voltage of photovoltaic plant, Δ Q 1the idle adjustment amount of Power Plant, Δ Q 2it is the idle adjustment amount of photovoltaic plant; H is Power Plant weight coefficient, and r is photovoltaic plant weight coefficient, makes h > r, and preferential adjustment photovoltaic plant is idle; Adopt active set Algorithm for Solving, provide the idle adjustment amount of the Power Plant after calculating adjustment amount idle with conventional power unit
72) high side bus voltage set point is issued to power plant: wherein the idle adjustment amount of control unit after calculating, C vgcontrol the idle sensitivity coefficient matrix to voltage of unit;
73) photovoltaic plant is issued and the idle set point in site:
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