CN104238362A - Station-level control system modeling method for photovoltaic power station plant - Google Patents

Station-level control system modeling method for photovoltaic power station plant Download PDF

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CN104238362A
CN104238362A CN201410484178.8A CN201410484178A CN104238362A CN 104238362 A CN104238362 A CN 104238362A CN 201410484178 A CN201410484178 A CN 201410484178A CN 104238362 A CN104238362 A CN 104238362A
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power
control system
plant
photovoltaic plant
photovoltaic
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CN104238362B (en
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赵亮
曲立楠
葛路明
朱凌志
陈宁
赵大伟
张磊
钱敏慧
施涛
姜达军
王湘艳
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a station-level control system modeling method for a photovoltaic power station plant. Systems comprise the photovoltaic power station plant station-level active control system and the photovoltaic power station plant station-level reactive voltage control system. A model of the photovoltaic power station plant station-level active power control system determines a reference value of output active power of a power station according to the maximum output power level of the photovoltaic power station and an active power instruction issued by dispatching and received by the power station, determines the active power adjusting instruction of the power station through power control, and strengthens droop control over auxiliary grid connection point frequency. A photovoltaic power station plant station-level reactive voltage control model determines a reference value of output reactive power according to the grid connection point voltage level, power factors or a received power grid dispatching instruction, and then determines a reactive power adjusting instruction of the power station through power control. According to the method, the requirement for grid connection analysis of the large photovoltaic power station can be met, and the foundation models are provided for photovoltaic power station access system analysis, and power grid operation control strategies after an auxiliary photovoltaic power station is connected.

Description

A kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of modeling method, more specifically relate to a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method.
Background technology:
In recent years, the grid-connected solar electrical energy generation of China is great-leap-forward development, and the scale of photovoltaic generation access electric system constantly increases.In western China, built the large-scale photovoltaic power house of multiple hundred MW class, the total installation of generating capacity of parallel networking type photovoltaic power station is more than a gigawatt.Along with the increasing of photo-voltaic power generation station quantity and scale; photovoltaic generation specific season itself, power stage undulatory property round the clock will have an impact to power network safety operation, be mainly manifested in photo-voltaic power generation station grid-connected after system relay protection, security and stability control, the quality of power supply, power grid frequency modulation and the aspect such as pressure regulation and economical operation.
Studying effective model structure is the basis that photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting is analyzed.By setting up photovoltaic plant plant stand level control system model and carrying out simulation analysis to it, the impact of photovoltaic plant on power network safety operation can be grasped comprehensively, analyse in depth the reciprocal effect mechanism of photovoltaic plant and electrical network, for after the access of large-sized photovoltaic power station, operation of power networks control decision provides basic model and platform support, significant with promotion large-scale photovoltaic generating exploitation for lifting operation of power networks level.Therefore a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method is proposed, to achieve the above object.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method, the method can meet the demand that large-sized photovoltaic electric station grid connection is analyzed, for after the analysis of photovoltaic plant connecting system, the access of fill-in light overhead utility, operation of power networks control decision provides basic model.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method, described system comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system and photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system; Described method comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system modelling process and photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system modeling process.
A kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, described method comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system modelling process and comprises the following steps:
(1-1) meritorious set value of the power P is determined fr;
(1-2) the meritorious setting value P that exerts oneself of photovoltaic plant is determined ref;
(1-3) photovoltaic plant active power regulation instruction P is determined ordand to be issued in power station in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
A kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, described photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system modeling process comprises the following steps:
(2-1) photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q is determined pF_ref;
(2-2) photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q is determined ref;
(2-3) reactive power regulating command Q is determined q_ord;
(2-4) reactive power regulating command Q is determined v_ord;
(2-5) photovoltaic plant reactive power regulating command Q is determined ordand be issued to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in power station.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, active power setting value P in described step (1-1) frdetermined by actual electric network frequency;
The upper frequency limit value f that monitored by photovoltaic plant and site mains frequency f and power system safety and stability require upcompare:
A, as f≤f uptime, then photovoltaic plant active power setting value P fr=1;
B, as f > f uptime, photovoltaic plant active power setting value P fraccording to k pfslope setting,
Namely
P fr＝k pf(f-f up) (1)
K pfgenerally be taken as-0.4pu/Hz.
An a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method more provided by the invention, the meritorious setting value P that exerts oneself in described step (1-2) refget described active power setting value P frthe higher level's scheduling institution received with photovoltaic plant issues the meritorious instruction P that exerts oneself pOI_ordsmaller value.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, the active power regulation instruction P in described step (1-3) ordfor photovoltaic plant power adjustment instruction P f_ord;
Described power station power adjustment instruction P f_orddeterministic process is:
By actual for the photovoltaic plant active-power P sent pOIthrough firstorder filter afterwards with P refwith compare, obtain meritorious deviation delta P=P ref-P pOI single order;
Δ P determines described power station power adjustment instruction P through meritorious pi controller f_ord;
Wherein, T mfor firstorder filter time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, the photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q in described step (2-1) pF_reffor the also site place power factor PF of grid requirements pOI_refwith the photovoltaic plant monitored and the actual active-power P sent in site place pOIproduct;
Described power factor PF pOI_refdetermined by following formula:
1 - PF POI _ ref 2 PF POI _ ref - - - ( 2 ) .
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, the reactive power setting value Q in described step (2-2) reffor passing through power factor change-over switch PF pOI_flagthe Q selected pF_refor Q pOI_ref.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, the reactive power regulating command Q in described step (2-3) q_orddeterministic process is:
By the actual reactive power Q at photovoltaic electric station grid connection point place pOIthrough firstorder filter afterwards with Q refwith compare, obtain idle deviation delta Q=Q ref-Q pOI single order;
Δ Q obtains the reactive power regulating command Q based on reactive power deviation through idle pi controller q_ord;
Wherein, T mfor firstorder filter time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, the reactive power regulating command Q in described step (2-4) v_orddeterministic process is:
Determine voltage sag of chain U qd, namely by described Q pOIcoefficient k sagging with reactive voltage qdproduct;
By described voltage sag of chain U qdbe added to and site place virtual voltage U pOI, then through firstorder filter with and site place voltage setting value U pOI_refrelatively, voltage deviation Δ U=U is obtained pOI_ref-U pOI single order-U qd single order;
Described Δ U, through voltage ratio integral controller, obtains based on the sagging reactive power regulating command Q of reactive voltage v_ord;
Wherein, T mfor firstorder filter time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, the reactive power regulating command Q in described step (2-5) ordfor reactive power regulating command Q qv_ord;
Described reactive power regulating command Q qv_ordfor passing through reactive voltage change-over switch QV pOI_flagthe Q selected q_ordor Q v_ord.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, in described photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system model, if control system breaks down, can by meritorious regulating command change-over switch P pOI_flagselect dummy instruction, exit plant stand level real power control system.
Another a kind of preferred photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method provided by the invention, in described photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system model, if control system breaks down, can pass through Reactive-power control instruction change-over switch Q pOI_flagselect dummy instruction, exit plant stand level reactive voltage control system.
With immediate prior art ratio, the invention provides technical scheme and there is following excellent effect
1, the present invention is directed to photovoltaic plant plant stand level and run control problem, set up photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control and reactive voltage control system model, the demand that large-sized photovoltaic electric station grid connection is analyzed can be met, for after the analysis of photovoltaic plant connecting system, the access of fill-in light overhead utility, operation of power networks control decision provides basic model;
2, the photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system model set up of the present invention, facilitate frequency droop to control, introduce mains frequency to gain merit the reference of set-point of exerting oneself as setting power station, lay a good foundation for large-scale photovoltaic power station participates in system frequency Regulating study;
3, the photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system model set up of the present invention, consider constant power factor control, constant voltage control and idle given control, meet the voltage-controlled various modes demand of electric network reactive-load, be conducive to the safe and stable operation analysis under various mode after large-sized photovoltaic power station access electrical network;
4, the photovoltaic plant plant stand level control system model set up of the present invention, considers the switching under control system failure condition, makes exit control system under plant stand level control system abnormal conditions, guarantees that photovoltaic plant can safe and stable operation;
5, the present invention is significant for the Operation of Electric Systems level promoting the generating of access large-scale photovoltaic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for being photovoltaic plant plant stand level Control system architecture figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is plant stand level active power controller system model block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is for being plant stand level reactive voltage control system illustraton of model of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As Figure 1-3, a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand of invention level modeling of control system method of this example, described system model comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system model and plant stand level reactive voltage control system model.Described method comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system modelling process and photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system modeling process.
The active power instruction that the modeling of described active power controller system model issues according to photovoltaic plant peak power output level and power station receiving scheduling, determine power station active power of output reference value, control to determine power station active power regulation instruction by power, increase auxiliary grid-connected dot frequency droop control simultaneously;
Described reactive power/voltage control model modeling is according to grid-connected point voltage level, power factor or receive dispatching of power netwoks instruction, determines output reactive power reference value, and then controls to determine power station reactive power regulating command through overpower.
(1) photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system modelling
Photovoltaic plant real power control system provides photovoltaic plant by controller to gain merit regulating command, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in control station, the actual active power of output of photovoltaic plant is made to follow the tracks of the meritorious setting value of exerting oneself of photovoltaic plant, the instruction additional frequency droop control of exerting oneself that its setting value of exerting oneself is issued by scheduling institution provides, and specific implementation process is:
1. adopt grid-connected dot frequency droop control, according to actual electric network frequency, determine meritorious set value of the power,
The upper frequency limit value f of also site mains frequency f and the security of system stability requirement that first photovoltaic plant are monitored upcompare:
A, as f≤f uptime, provide photovoltaic plant active power setting value P fr=1;
B, as f > f uptime, photovoltaic plant active power setting value P fraccording to k pfslope setting,
Namely
P fr＝k pf(f-f up) (1)
K pfgenerally be taken as-0.4pu/Hz.
2. the P will obtained according to frequency droop algorithm frthe higher level's scheduling institution received with photovoltaic plant issues the meritorious instruction P that exerts oneself pOI_ordcompare, the smaller value in both is as the meritorious setting value P that exerts oneself of photovoltaic plant ref;
3. by actual for the photovoltaic plant active-power P sent pOIthrough firstorder filter afterwards with P refwith compare, obtain meritorious deviation delta P=P ref-P pOI single order, the meritorious pi controller of Δ P process ( ) obtain based on frequency droop control power station power adjustment instruction P f_ord, this instruction is as photovoltaic plant active power regulation instruction P ordbe issued to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in power station, wherein T mfor firstorder filter time constant, K p_POIfor station level real power control device scale-up factor, T p_POIfor station level real power control device integration time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator;
(2) photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system modeling
Photovoltaic plant reactive voltage control system provides the instruction of photovoltaic plant Reactive-power control by voltage controller or reactive power controller, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in control station, the actual output reactive power of photovoltaic plant is made to follow the tracks of the reactive power setting value of photovoltaic plant, it is idle, and setting value directly can be issued by scheduling institution, also constant power factor control mode can be adopted to provide, and specific implementation process is:
1. constant power factor control strategy is adopted, by the also site place power factor PF of grid requirements pOI_refpass through formula calculate, its result and the photovoltaic plant that monitors and the actual active-power P sent in site place pOIbe multiplied, obtain the photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q based on constant power factor pF_ref;
2. Q pF_refthe also site place reactive power setting value Q set with scheduling institution pOI_ref, by power factor change-over switch PF pOI_flagselect Q pF_refor Q pOI_refas photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q ref;
3. Reactive Power Control mode is adopted, by the actual reactive power Q at photovoltaic electric station grid connection point place pOIthrough firstorder filter afterwards with Q refwith compare, obtain idle deviation delta Q=Q ref-Q pOI single order, Δ Q through idle pi controller ( ) obtain based on reactive power deviation reactive power regulating command Q q_ord, wherein T mfor firstorder filter time constant, K q_POIfor station level reactive controller scale-up factor, T q_POIfor station level reactive controller integration time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator;
4. voltage control mode is adopted, by Q pOIbe multiplied by the sagging coefficient k of reactive voltage qd, obtain voltage sag of chain U qd, be added to and site place virtual voltage U pOI, through firstorder filter again with and site place voltage setting value U pOI_refrelatively, voltage deviation Δ U=U is obtained pOI_ref-U pOI single order-U qd mono- rank, Δ U through voltage ratio integral controller ( ), obtain based on the sagging reactive power regulating command Q of reactive voltage v_ord, wherein T mfor firstorder filter time constant, K v_POIfor station step voltage controller scale-up factor, T v_POIfor station step voltage controller integration time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator;
5. Q q_ordwith Q v_ordby reactive voltage change-over switch QV pOI_flag, select Q q_ordor Q v_ordas based on
The reactive power regulating command Q of reactive power/voltage control qv_ord, this instruction is as the idle merit of photovoltaic plant
Rate regulating command Q ordbe issued to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in power station.
In photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system model, if control system breaks down, can by meritorious regulating command change-over switch P pOI_flagselect dummy instruction, exit plant stand level real power control system.
In photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system model, if control system breaks down, Reactive-power control instruction change-over switch Q can be passed through pOI_flagselect dummy instruction, exit plant stand level reactive voltage control system.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; although those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that with reference to above-described embodiment: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement; these do not depart from any amendment of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement, are all applying within the claims of the present invention awaited the reply.

Claims (13)

1. a photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method, is characterized in that: described system comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system and photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system; Described method comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system modelling process and photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system modeling process.
2. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described method comprises photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system modelling process and comprises the following steps:
(1-1) meritorious set value of the power P is determined fr;
(1-2) the meritorious setting value P that exerts oneself of photovoltaic plant is determined ref;
(1-3) photovoltaic plant active power regulation instruction P is determined ordand to be issued in power station in photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
3. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system modeling process comprises the following steps:
(2-1) photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q is determined pF_ref;
(2-2) photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q is determined ref;
(2-3) reactive power regulating command Q is determined q_ord;
(2-4) reactive power regulating command Q is determined v_ord;
(2-5) photovoltaic plant reactive power regulating command Q is determined ordand be issued to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in power station.
4. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: active power setting value P in described step (1-1) frdetermined by actual electric network frequency;
The upper frequency limit value f that monitored by photovoltaic plant and site mains frequency f and power system safety and stability require upcompare:
A, as f≤f uptime, then photovoltaic plant active power setting value P fr=1;
B, as f > f uptime, photovoltaic plant active power setting value P fraccording to k pfslope setting, namely
P fr＝k pf(f-f up) (1)
K pfgenerally be taken as-0.4pu/Hz.
5. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the meritorious setting value P that exerts oneself in described step (1-2) refget described active power setting value P frthe higher level's scheduling institution received with photovoltaic plant issues the meritorious instruction P that exerts oneself pOI_ordsmaller value.
6. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the active power regulation instruction P in described step (1-3) ordfor photovoltaic plant power adjustment instruction P f_ord;
Described power station power adjustment instruction P f_orddeterministic process is:
By actual for the photovoltaic plant active-power P sent pOIthrough firstorder filter afterwards with P refwith compare, obtain meritorious deviation delta P=P ref-P pOI single order;
Δ P determines described power station power adjustment instruction P through meritorious pi controller f_ord;
Wherein, T mfor firstorder filter time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator.
7. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the photovoltaic plant reactive power setting value Q in described step (2-1) pF_reffor the also site place power factor PF of grid requirements pOI_refwith the photovoltaic plant monitored and the actual active-power P sent in site place pOIproduct;
Described power factor PF pOI_refdetermined by following formula:
1 - PF POI _ ref 2 PF POI _ ref - - - ( 2 ) .
8. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the reactive power setting value Q in described step (2-2) reffor passing through power factor change-over switch PF pOI_flagthe Q selected pF_refor Q pOI_ref.
9. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the reactive power regulating command Q in described step (2-3) q_orddeterministic process is:
By the actual reactive power Q at photovoltaic electric station grid connection point place pOIthrough firstorder filter afterwards with Q refwith compare, obtain idle deviation delta Q=Q ref-Q pOI single order;
Δ Q obtains the reactive power regulating command Q based on reactive power deviation through idle pi controller q_ord;
Wherein, T mfor firstorder filter time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator.
10. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: the reactive power regulating command Q in described step (2-4) v_orddeterministic process is:
Determine voltage sag of chain U qd, namely by described Q pOIcoefficient k sagging with reactive voltage qdproduct;
By described voltage sag of chain U qdbe added to and site place virtual voltage U pOI, then through firstorder filter with and site place voltage setting value U pOI_refrelatively, voltage deviation Δ U=U is obtained pOI_ref-U pOI single order-U qd single order;
Described Δ U, through voltage ratio integral controller, obtains based on the sagging reactive power regulating command Q of reactive voltage v_ord;
Wherein, T mfor firstorder filter time constant, s is station transport function laplace operator.
11. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that: the reactive power regulating command Q in described step (2-5) ordfor reactive power regulating command Q qv_ord;
Described reactive power regulating command Q qv_ordfor passing through reactive voltage change-over switch QV pOI_flagthe Q selected q_ordor Q v_ord.
12. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described photovoltaic plant plant stand level real power control system model, if control system breaks down, can by meritorious regulating command change-over switch P pOI_flagselect dummy instruction, exit plant stand level real power control system.
13. a kind of photovoltaic plant plant stand level modeling of control system methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described photovoltaic plant plant stand level reactive voltage control system model, if control system breaks down, can pass through Reactive-power control instruction change-over switch Q pOI_flagselect dummy instruction, exit plant stand level reactive voltage control system.
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