CN103490443B - Method for voltage control on wind power plant in power grid three-level voltage control system - Google Patents

Method for voltage control on wind power plant in power grid three-level voltage control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103490443B
CN103490443B CN201310281140.6A CN201310281140A CN103490443B CN 103490443 B CN103490443 B CN 103490443B CN 201310281140 A CN201310281140 A CN 201310281140A CN 103490443 B CN103490443 B CN 103490443B
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voltage control
voltage
node
electrical network
wind
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CN103490443A (en
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鲁宗相
贺惠民
陈惠粉
吴涛
乔颖
李善颖
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Tsinghua University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
North China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Tsinghua University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
North China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for voltage control on a wind power plant in a power grid three-level voltage control system. The method includes the following steps of obtaining the number of nodes of a power grid containing wind power, carrying out area division on the voltage control of the power grid containing the wind power according to the number of the nodes by utilizing a graph theory method, obtaining a pilot node of each area according to a pilot coefficient matrix of each area, bringing the wind power plant into the three-level voltage control system and enabling the wind power plant to participate in power grid voltage management by using reactive power of the wind power plant as a variable and utilizing a power grid AVC system algorithm according to voltage reference values of the pilot nodes, wherein the node with the largest pilot coefficient in the pilot coefficient matrix serves as the pilot node of the voltage control areas. The method has general applicability and can be put into practice conveniently.

Description

In electrical network tertiary voltage control system, voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set
Technical field
The invention belongs to new forms of energy and field of energy-saving technology and power system reactive power voltage control technical field, particularly relate to and include wind energy turbine set in electrical network tertiary voltage control system as a kind of power supply and carry out voltage-controlled technology.
Background technology
Reactive voltage problem is one of subject matter of large-scale cluster wind farm grid-connected operation afterwards concern.Current China electrical network is all for single wind energy turbine set to the reactive voltage of integrated wind plant and site (Point of Common Coupling, PCC) is examined.At the initial stage of Wind Power Generation, due to wind energy turbine set negligible amounts, access level is lower and be in electrical network end, and the impact of its reactive voltage problem often concentrates on wind energy turbine set self, less on line voltage impact.But along with the large-scale development of wind-powered electricity generation, the installed capacity of single wind energy turbine set constantly increases, and often a large amount of wind energy turbine set concentrates access electrical network in flakes, forms gigawatt, the cluster wind power plant of ten million kilowatt.Cluster wind power plant installed capacity is large, fluctuation of gaining merit cause idle go out the voltage-idle situation in fluctuation severe exacerbation wind power integration area.
For the voltage control of single wind energy turbine set inside, mainly propose wind farm reactive voltage control method from wind farm side, and do not consider by wind energy turbine set and electrical network as a whole unification carry out voltage control, and the mode of independently carrying out regulating in units of wind energy turbine set, separately cannot meet the pressure regulation demand accessing electrical network.And in prior art, for by wind energy turbine set and electrical network as a whole unification carry out voltage-controlled research, the Reactive-power control ability of wind energy turbine set is mainly utilized to participate in the optimization of regional power grid or participate in the idea of electrical network secondary voltage control, and the location of not clear and definite wind power plant reactive voltage control system in electrical network tertiary voltage control system and participate in the voltage-controlled concrete grammar of the whole network.
The each regional power grid of current China generally adopts tertiary voltage control technology, therefore, how to include wind energy turbine set in existing tertiary voltage control system, carries out unified voltage management, become wind-powered electricity generation and incorporate bulk power grid, and improve the underlying issue of the voltage levvl of electrical network.
Summary of the invention
In sum, necessaryly provide a kind of and include wind energy turbine set in existing tertiary voltage control system voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set.
One carries out voltage-controlled method to wind energy turbine set in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, comprises the following steps: the node number obtaining the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation; Utilize the method for graph theory, according to node number, subregion is carried out to the voltage control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation; According to the leading coefficient matrix of subregion, obtain the Pilot bus of each subregion, the node that wherein in leading coefficient matrix, leading coefficient is maximum is the Pilot bus of this Network Partition for Voltage Control; And using the reactive power of wind energy turbine set as variable, utilize the algorithm of electrical network AVC system, according to the voltage reference value of Pilot bus, wind energy turbine set included in tertiary voltage control system and participate in line voltage management.
The present invention is by by carrying out Network Partition for Voltage Control to containing the electrical network of wind-powered electricity generation, and ask for each subregion Pilot bus, wind energy turbine set is included in existing tertiary voltage control system, wind energy turbine set is made to accept the unified voltage control of electrical network, there is general applicability, be convenient to be applied to reality, the fail safe in many ways such as electrical network, wind energy turbine set and economy can be significantly improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that tertiary voltage control system of wind energy turbine set being included in provided by the invention is with the flow chart controlled wind energy turbine set voltage.
Fig. 2 is the concrete mode figure that cluster access type wind energy turbine set provided by the invention includes tertiary voltage control system in.
Fig. 3 is the concrete mode figure that single game access type wind energy turbine set provided by the invention includes tertiary voltage control system in.
Embodiment
Also in conjunction with specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is stated further in detail according to Figure of description below.
Refer to Fig. 1, the tertiary voltage control system of wind energy turbine set being included in that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, with the flow chart controlled wind energy turbine set voltage, mainly comprises the following steps:
Step S10, carries out subregion to the voltage control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation;
Step S20, obtains the Pilot bus of each subregion; And
Step S30, includes wind energy turbine set in tertiary voltage control system according to each Pilot bus and participates in line voltage management.
In step slo, by following methods, subregion is carried out to the voltage control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation:
Step S11, obtains the node number of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, 1 ~ for each node serial number;
Step S12, calculates the electrical network interior joint containing wind-powered electricity generation reactive power to node voltage idle control sensitivity ;
Step S13, the electric network reactive-load obtained containing wind-powered electricity generation controls sensitivity complete matrix ;
Step S14, controls sensitivity complete matrix to the described electric network reactive-load containing wind-powered electricity generation carry out normalization process, obtain matrix ;
Step S15, structural matrix reduced incidence matrix ; And
Step S16, to the search of C matrix, obtains the Network Partition for Voltage Control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation.
In step s 11, in the Load flow calculation containing the electrical network of wind-powered electricity generation, being numbered of balance node , wherein balance node generally selects the grid-connected node of the Wind turbines that capacity is larger.
In step s 12, described idle control sensitivity concrete acquiring method can be:
Step S121, in the Load flow calculation of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, by node 1 ~ be set to PQ node;
Step S122, independent concept transfer reactive power, record now node voltage variety , and record node reactive power variable quantity , then:
In step s 13, by calculating the electrical network interior joint containing wind-powered electricity generation reactive power to node the idle control sensitivity of voltage, the electric network reactive-load obtained containing wind-powered electricity generation controls sensitivity complete matrix .The idle control sensitivity complete matrix of the described electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation can be:
；
In step S14, described normalization controls sensitivity complete matrix containing the electric network reactive-load of wind-powered electricity generation can be:
；
By described idle control sensitivity complete matrix of standardizing at matrix , make described matrix in, its greatest member is 1.Be appreciated that described greatest member also can be other numerical value, if this numerical value is N, its size can need to select according to actual operation.
In step S15, described reduced incidence matrix C meets the following conditions: a given number , if, , then node is represented and node between Weak link be cut off, in be shown as ; Otherwise, if .
In step s 16, the method for graph theory can be utilized, to the search of C matrix, obtain the Network Partition for Voltage Control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation.
Be appreciated that the described voltage control to the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation carries out the method for subregion and each step is only a specific embodiment, can adjust according to the actual conditions of wind-powered electricity generation place access electrical network.
In step S20, the Pilot bus of described each subregion obtains by following methods:
Step S21, calculates the electrical network interior joint containing wind-powered electricity generation voltage to node voltage voltage control sensitivity ;
Step S22, calculating contains the voltage control sensitivity between each node of the electrical network of wind-powered electricity generation , obtain the voltage control sensitivity complete matrix of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation :
；
Step S23, calculates the leading coefficient of all nodes in this subregion , obtain the leading coefficient matrix of this subregion , wherein:
；
Step S24, selects leading coefficient matrix in, the node dominating coefficient maximum is the Pilot bus of this Network Partition for Voltage Control.
In the step s 21, described voltage control sensitivity obtain by following methods:
Step S211, in the Load flow calculation of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, by node 1 ~ be set to PV node;
Step S212, independent concept transfer voltage, record now node voltage variety , and record node voltage variety , according to with calculate :
。
In step S23, described leading coefficient obtain by following methods: order for the node number of certain Network Partition for Voltage Control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, 1 ~ for each node serial number, node leading coefficient for nodes all in this subregion are to node electrical distance sum:
；
Be appreciated that method and each step thereof of the Pilot bus of described each subregion are only a specific embodiment, can adjust according to the actual conditions of wind-powered electricity generation place access electrical network.
In step s 30, as specific embodiment, described wind energy turbine set is included in tertiary voltage control system and carry out voltage control by carrying out with under type.
See also Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, subregion 1 ~ subregion n is Power Network Partitioning, and Bus1 ~ Busn is respectively the Pilot bus of subregion 1 ~ subregion n.In Fig. 1, subregion 1 comprises 11# ~ 1m# wind energy turbine set, and subregion n comprises n1# ~ nk# wind energy turbine set; In Fig. 2, comprise 11# ~ 1m# power plant, transformer station or wind energy turbine set in subregion 1, subregion n comprises n1# ~ nk# power plant, transformer station or wind energy turbine set.
Third level voltage control is by carrying out with under type: in original electrical network AVC system, using wind energy turbine set together with traditional power plant, transformer station as reactive source, by the reactive power of wind energy turbine set also as variable, grid dispatching center utilizes the algorithm of electrical network AVC system, with the economical operation of the whole network for target, carry out the idle work optimization of the whole network, obtain and issue the voltage reference value of the Pilot bus of each Power Network Partitioning ~ ;
Second level voltage control is by carrying out with under type: in original electrical network AVC system, using wind energy turbine set together with traditional power plant, transformer station as reactive source, by the reactive power of wind energy turbine set also as variable, each Network Partition for Voltage Control utilizes the algorithm of electrical network AVC system, to realize being tracked as target to the voltage reference value of Pilot bus in control area, carry out the idle work optimization of regional power grid, obtain and issue each power plant in each Network Partition for Voltage Control, transformer station or wind energy turbine set issuing voltage reference value ~ , ~ ;
The voltage-controlled implementation of the first order is: each power plant utilizes automatic voltage adjustor of power generator (Automatic Voltage Regulator, AVR), each transformer station utilizes VAR plan device (Voltage and Q Controller, VQC), each wind energy turbine set to utilize the wind-powered electricity generation AVC system be arranged in wind energy turbine set to complete tracking to the voltage reference value that second level voltage control issues.
The present invention is by carrying out Network Partition for Voltage Control to the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, and ask for each subregion Pilot bus, again concrete voltage control is carried out to the wind-powered electricity generation in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, the voltage control method of described wind energy turbine set is not only applicable to the situation of cluster wind power plant access electrical network, also be applicable to the situation of single wind energy turbine set access electrical network, there is general applicability.In addition, by wind energy turbine set being included in existing tertiary voltage control system, making wind energy turbine set accept the unified voltage control of electrical network, there is general applicability, be convenient to be applied to reality, the fail safe in many ways such as electrical network, wind energy turbine set and economy can be significantly improved.
In addition, those skilled in the art also can do other change in spirit of the present invention, and these changes done according to the present invention's spirit, all should be included in the present invention's scope required for protection certainly.

Claims (7)

1. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, a voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set, comprises the following steps:
Obtain the node number of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation;
Carry out subregion according to the voltage control of above-mentioned node number to the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, obtain multiple Network Partition for Voltage Control;
Calculate the leading coefficient M of all nodes in each Network Partition for Voltage Control iobtain the leading coefficient matrix M of each Network Partition for Voltage Control, and according to the leading coefficient matrix M of each Network Partition for Voltage Control, obtain the Pilot bus of each Network Partition for Voltage Control, the node that wherein in leading coefficient matrix M, leading coefficient is maximum is the Pilot bus of this Network Partition for Voltage Control, and the Pilot bus of described each subregion obtains by the following method:
According to the voltage variety Δ U of node i iand the voltage variety Δ U of node j jcalculating voltage controls sensitivity K ij v = Δ U i Δ U j ;
Calculating contains the voltage control sensitivity between each node of the electrical network of wind-powered electricity generation obtain the voltage control sensitivity complete matrix K of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation v:
Calculate the leading coefficient M of all nodes in each Network Partition for Voltage Control i, obtain the leading coefficient matrix M of each Network Partition for Voltage Control, wherein:
M = M 1 . . . M m ;
Select in leading coefficient matrix M, the node dominating coefficient maximum is the Pilot bus of this Network Partition for Voltage Control; And
Using the reactive power of wind energy turbine set as variable, utilize the algorithm of electrical network automatic voltage control system, according to the voltage reference value of Pilot bus, wind energy turbine set included in electrical network tertiary voltage control system and participate in line voltage management.
2. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, carry out voltage-controlled method to wind energy turbine set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described voltage to the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation carries out subregion and comprises the following steps:
Obtain the node number of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, wherein, 1 ~ n is each node serial number;
Calculate the reactive power Q of the electrical network interior joint j containing wind-powered electricity generation jto the voltage U of node i iidle control sensitivity wherein, described idle control sensitivity obtain by the following method:
In the Load flow calculation of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, node 1 ~ n is set to PQ node;
The reactive power of independent concept transfer j, records the voltage variety Δ U of now node i i, and record the reactive power variation delta Q of node j j, then idle control sensitivity meet:
K ij q = Δ U i Δ Q j ;
The electric network reactive-load obtained containing wind-powered electricity generation controls sensitivity complete matrix K q, wherein:
Sensitivity complete matrix K is controlled to the described electric network reactive-load containing wind-powered electricity generation qcarry out normalization process, obtain matrix K q ', make matrix K q 'greatest member is 1, wherein:
Structural matrix K q 'reduced incidence matrix C=[c ij], wherein, reduced incidence matrix C meets the following conditions: a given number α, 0< α <1, if then represent that the Weak link between node i and node j is cut off, in reduced incidence matrix C, be shown as c ij=0; Otherwise, if c ij=1; And
Utilize the method for graph theory, search for according to reduced incidence matrix C, obtain the Network Partition for Voltage Control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation.
3. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described voltage control sensitivity obtain by the following method:
In the Load flow calculation of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, node 1 ~ m is set to PV node;
The voltage of independent concept transfer j, records the voltage variety Δ U of now node i i, and record the voltage variety Δ U of node j j, according to the voltage variety Δ U of node i iwith the voltage variety Δ U of node j jcalculating voltage controls sensitivity
4. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described leading coefficient M iobtain by the following method: make m be the node number of certain Network Partition for Voltage Control of the electrical network containing wind-powered electricity generation, 1 ~ m is each node serial number, the leading coefficient M of node i ifor voltage control sensitivities all in this Network Partition for Voltage Control sum:
M i = &Sigma; j = 1 m K ij v .
5. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, third level voltage control is carried out in the following manner: in original electrical network automatic voltage control system, by wind energy turbine set and traditional power plant, transformer station is together as reactive source, by the reactive power of wind energy turbine set also as variable, grid dispatching center utilizes the algorithm of electrical network automatic voltage control system, with the economical operation of the whole network for target, carry out the idle work optimization of the whole network, obtain and issue the voltage reference value of the Pilot bus of the Network Partition for Voltage Control of respectively carrying out idle work optimization
6. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, second level voltage control is carried out in the following manner: in original electrical network automatic voltage control system, by wind energy turbine set and traditional power plant, transformer station is together as reactive source, by the reactive power of wind energy turbine set also as variable, each Network Partition for Voltage Control utilizes the algorithm of electrical network automatic voltage control system, to realize being tracked as target to the voltage reference value of Network Partition for Voltage Control Pilot bus, carry out the idle work optimization of regional power grid, obtain and issue each power plant in each Network Partition for Voltage Control, the voltage reference value of transformer station or the voltage reference value of wind energy turbine set U ref n 1 ~ U ref nk .
7. in electrical network tertiary voltage control system, voltage-controlled method is carried out to wind energy turbine set as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the voltage-controlled implementation of the first order is: each power plant utilizes automatic voltage adjustor of power generator, each transformer station utilizes VAR plan device, each wind energy turbine set utilizes the electrical network automatic voltage control system be arranged in wind energy turbine set to complete tracking to the voltage reference value that second level voltage control issues.
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CN106451492B (en) * 2016-11-11 2019-06-18 华北电力大学 A kind of electric distribution network reactive-voltage partition method considering reactive source response characteristic

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