CN1033996C - Processing technique for prawn bait - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a technique for processing biologic bait with high efficiency for prawns. 48 wt% of rice bran, 12 wt% of wood sawdust, 0.8 wt% of white sugar, 0.8 wt% of powdered milk, 3 wt% of rice vinegar, 5.2 wt% of urea, 12 wt% of horse manure and 16.2 wt% of sea water are stirred into a uniform mixture; next, the uniform mixture is put in a culture pool to be warmed by fire and is processed by halation, red light, green light, white light, etc.; finally, the uniform mixture is put into sea water with the temperature of 18 DEG C to 24 DEG C to form the biologic bait which can be directly eaten by the prawns. The bait quality is good. After the bait is eaten by the juvenile prawns, the juvenile prawns have high growth speed, high survival rate and few diseases. The technique has the advantages of working hour and hydroelectricity saving. Thereby, the cost of the prawn bait is obviously decreased.

Description

The preparation method of efficient prawn biological feed

The present invention relates to a kind of training culturing method of prawn culturing biological feedstuff, the preparation method of especially efficient prawn biological feed belongs to the A23K class.

At present, China's cultured prawn the foreign exchange earning and improve the people's livelihood aspect occupying more and more higher status, its breed scale enlarges year by year.The breed of prawn is except utilizing the natural resources seawater, the most important thing is bait, the bait of cultured prawn mainly contains natural bait and synthetic diet two classes, and natural bait has blue clam, the short tooth clam of watercolor, mussel, duckbilled clam, Mactra quadrangularis, spiral shell, prosperous spiral shell, yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water amphipoda, halogen worm, trash fish shrimp, shrimp chaff and spiral shell to win roach etc.; Synthetic diet has fishes and shrimps, fish meal, soya-bean cake, peanut cake, clam skin, flour and bone meal etc.Use the shortcoming of above-mentioned bait to be: (1) cost height.Account for more than 50% of prawn production cost, reason is that natural fresh food is difficult to obtain, and synthetic diet is subjected to cost of material to influence its cost to improve year by year, supports the shrimp benefit and constantly descends, and the development of shrimp culture industry is restricted; (2) disease is many, survival rate is low.Feed prawn with common bait, retain residual bait in the pond, because of residual bait goes bad, putrid fermentation, cause water pollution, the floating head phenomenon appears in anoxic in the water, prawn, continues to drink this water prawn and can produce diseases such as rickets, enteron aisle bending, make juvenile prawn poor growth so that large quantities of death, if rescue and just must change water in a large number, to use new water in a large number instead the prawn local necrosis can take place, above-mentioned disease is the natural enemy of prawn culturing; When (3) taking a lot of work.Feed prawn with common bait, will feed every day 4 times, breed worker labour intensity is big; (4) electric resources of wasting water.Rotten because of residual bait, must frequently change water in a large number, cause the waste of electric power and seawater resources.

The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned shortcoming, provide a kind of food quality good, it is few that juvenile prawn eats fast growth, survival rate height, disease, saves man-hour and water power, cheaply the preparation method of efficient prawn biological feed.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is with rice bran, wooden sawdust, white sugar, milk powder, rice vinegar, urea, its weight ratio of horsehit and seawater is 48: 12: 0.8 by the order of above-mentioned raw materials: 0.8: 3: 5.2: 12: 16.2 formation batchings, its preparation method comprises the steps: that (1) stirs into homogeneous mixture, rice vinegar is earlier with 50% of its total amount during stirring, seawater is earlier with 65% of its total amount, put into training and grow the pond, heat to 60 ℃ with flame with ooze confining bed sealing and at the bottom of cultivating the pond after the compacting, be incubated 35% the seawater that adding after halation occurring after 48 hours above pond ooze confining bed is grown in training accounts for its seawater total amount; (2) again after 4-6 hour, lower the temperature 40 ℃, when above the ooze confining bed, ruddiness occurring, add and the fresh water of above-mentioned each ingredients by weight than 98: 2; (3) cooling after 4-6 hour naturally adds 50% the rice vinegar that accounts for its rice vinegar total amount again when " blue or green light " occurring; (4) continue the nature cooling after 4-6 hour, " white light " occur and open the ooze confining bed again; (5) be changed to the plastic-enclosed layer by the ooze confining bed, cooling is 48 hours naturally; (6) go out the pond pack; (7) drop in 18 ℃ of-24 ℃ of seawater, forming after 24 hours can be for the directly edible biological feed of prawn.

Have above the ooze confining bed and be used for thermometric and process segment and inject the several holes of batchings such as seawater, fresh water.

Adopt the prawn biological feed that the present invention obtained to have significant good effect.What over thousands of mu was supported the shrimp area through 92 years four facts have proved that this bait is compared with the similar bait of natural formation, and meat grossness, weight ratio are 1.43: 1, contain protein 80% through chemically examining this bait, and calcic 10% is apparently higher than the numerical value of natural bait.Similar by the prawn delicious flavour that this bait is fed to natural extra large shrimp, and from putting seedling during the height length to 60 millimeter, 10 millimeters needs 5-8 of every growth days, and general bait can only be grown 2 millimeters with the same time, by putting in a suitable place to breed to going out shrimp growing period shortening 10 days.The juvenile prawn that visible growth speed is fed apparently higher than common bait.Rickets, enteron aisle bending and local necrosis, it is the normal calamitous disease of meeting of prawn culturing, in case generation can cause the large quantities of death of prawn, especially juvenile prawn growth stage, more be afraid of to take place this disaster, above-mentioned disease is looked into its reason, be due to the residual bait of common bait goes bad, use the bait that the inventive method produced, show that through a large amount of practices not producing residual bait goes bad, water cleaning, clean at the bottom of the pond, must not change water, therefore can reduce the generation of above-mentioned three kinds of diseases, use common bait to feed prawn feeding every day 4 times, use instead bait of the present invention weekly only the bait throwing in material once, per ten thousand tail shrimp seedlings only bait throwing in material are the 0.1-0.2 kilogram, save a large amount of labours, exempted the difficulty that common bait charging time is difficult to grasp; Owing to must not change water, can save seawater resources and change the electric energy of water consumption, cost is significantly descended.For example mu is supported the shrimp area surplus the Tanghai County, Hebei 50,000, and only bait just can be saved more than 3,000 ten thousand yuan an every year, and the whole nation is supported the shrimp area and is about 2,400,000 mu.The present invention is if promote in the whole nation, and only the bait cost can produce economic benefit more than 1,500,000,000 yuan every year.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are further described.

Fig. 1 is a processing process schematic diagram of the present invention.

Among the figure:

1, rice bran 2, wooden sawdust (except the ash)

3, white sugar 4, milk powder

5, rice vinegar 6, urea

7, horsehit 8, seawater

9, homogeneous mixture 10 " halation " the technological process stage

11, " ruddiness " technological process stage 12, " blue or green light " technological process stage

13, " white light " technological process stage 14, change the Polypropylence Sheet stage

15, go out pond pack stage 16, input seawater stage

17, halation 18, ooze confining bed

19, pond 20, flame (heating) are grown in training

21, ruddiness 22, blue or green light

23, white light 24, plastic-enclosed layer

25, thermometer hole 26, ground

27, fresh water

As shown in Figure 1, the efficient prawn biological feed of the present invention processing technology is that rice bran 1 (is comprised rice chaff, high grain chaff, little rice bran, corn flour, wheat bran; Proportioning is that chaff class and corn flour, wheat bran, three's weight ratio respectively account for 1/3; Rice chaff, high grain chaff, little rice bran can be chosen one wantonly) wooden sawdust 2, white sugar 3, milk powder 4, rice vinegar 5, urea 6, horsehit 7, seawater 8 its weight ratios are 48: 12: 0.8 by said sequence: 0.8: 3: 5.2: 12: 16.2 formation batchings, its processing process is as follows: (1) stirs into homogeneous mixture 9 with above-mentioned batching, rice vinegar 5 is earlier with 50% of its total amount during stirring, seawater 8 is earlier with 65% of its total amount, put into based on ground 26, grow in the pond 19 with the ground training of brick one-tenth, seal with ooze confining bed 18 after the compacting, and grow 19 bottoms, pond in training and heat to 60 ℃ with flame 20, be incubated after 48 hours, " halation " 17 backs above ooze confining bed 18, occur and add 35% the seawater that accounts for its seawater 8 total amounts, this i.e. " halation " technological process stage 10, in this stage, the microscopically sampling is observed and is shown blackspot.(2) after 4-6 hour, be cooled to 40 ℃ again, occurring above ooze confining bed 18 that " ruddiness " added with above-mentioned each ingredients by weight ratio at 21 o'clock is 98: 2 fresh water 27, this i.e. " ruddiness " technological process stage 11, examines under a microscope in this stage sampling and demonstrates spore.(3) cooling " blue or green light " occurred at 22 o'clock after 4-6 hour naturally, added 50% the rice vinegar 5 that accounts for its rice vinegar total amount again, and this i.e. " blue or green light " the technological process stage 12, and micro-border shows spore separation down, was separated to thousands of by 2-3, occurred wriggling simultaneously.(4) continue the nature cooling and occur " white light " 23 after 4-6 hour, open ooze confining bed 18, this i.e. " white light " technological process stage 13, demonstrates the young of wheel animalcule and right angle class wriggling at microscopically.(5) be changed to plastic-enclosed layer 24 by ooze confining bed 18, cooling is 48 hours naturally, and this promptly changes the Polypropylence Sheet stage 14.(6) go out the pond pack stage 15.(7) drop in 18 ℃ of-24 ℃ of seawater, this forms and can directly eat for prawn after promptly dropping into 16,24 hours seawater stages, and adult reached 100% after the macroscopic wheel animalcule of high density, right angle class, this moment, adult reached 80%, 35 hour, and adult one usefulness is interior can multiply the three generations.

Performance

The biological feed that the present invention produced, once on probation in following place in 1992: Changli County, Hebei marine products bureau uses 2000 kilograms in ten thousand mu of shrimp fields, feeds area and reaches 3000 mu; 2500 kilograms of bait are used in the sharp forever shrimp field of supporting of this county, feed area 1300

Mu; 500 kilograms of bait are used in one of the state-run breed in Luannan County, Hebei, feed 200 mu of areas; The individual shrimp family of recuperating in silkworm excrement mouth village, this county Liu Jian township is used 100 kilograms of bait, is fed 100 mu of areas.After the above-mentioned use bait of the present invention, all produce tangible good effect and outstanding advantage: (1) this bait has extremely strong vitality, all can survive at subzero 30 ℃ to 80 ℃ biological feeds, its adult reproductive capacity is very strong, procreation three generations in a week still retained adult 300-500 bar/rice in the shrimp pond in bait throwing in 5-6 days after prawn is edible ³, be of high nutritive value than common bait meat grossness, with natural biological bait weight ratio be 1.43: 1.Contain protein 80% through chemically examining this bait, calcic 10% is apparently higher than the numerical value of natural bait.Similar by the delicious and natural extra large shrimp of prawn that this kind bait is fed, edible useful and harmless to the people through chemically examining.1400 mu of shrimp fields, sharp forever shrimp field, (2) 92 years Changli County, Hebei, use bait of the present invention are fed per mu yield and are reached 155 kilograms; 100 mu of shrimp ponds of Sha Kou village, Luannan County, Hebei poplar He Ming contract entered into by an individual, per mu yield reaches 205 kilograms.92 years 4000 mu of shrimp fields by statistics, use bait of the present invention for the 1.66-2.5 of the prawn output using common bait and feed doubly.(3) use bait of the present invention, disease is few, survival rate is high, at the bottom of the water cleaning, pond totally, must not change water, only moisturizing keeps water level when lack of water, only feeds intake once weekly, has saved a large amount of man hour of labour and hydroelectric resources, thereby the prawn cost is significantly descended.According to statistics, use bait of the present invention, prawn is from putting seedling to 70 millimeters growing periods of height, and 144 yuan of every mu of bait costs then need 780 yuan with common bait, the cost rate of descent is 81.5%, only with regard to mu shrimp field surplus the Tanghai County, Hebei 50,000, the annual foster shrimp cost that just can save more than 3,180 ten thousand yuan it is reported that the foster shrimp area in the whole nation is 2,400,000 mu, if promote in the whole nation, only just save one of bait cost, it is about more than 1,500,000,000 yuan to produce economic benefit every year.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of preparation method of efficient prawn biological feed, it is characterized in that: with rice bran, wooden sawdust, white sugar, milk powder, rice vinegar, urea, horsehit, seawater, its weight ratio is 48: 12: 0.8 by said sequence: 0.8: 3: 5.2: 12: 16.2 formation batchings, this preparation method comprises the steps that (i) will prepare burden as mentioned above and stirs into homogeneous mixture, rice vinegar is earlier with 50% of its total amount during stirring, seawater is earlier with 65% of its total amount, put into training and grow the pond, seal with the ooze confining bed after the compacting, and grow the pond in training and heat to 60 ℃ with flame, be incubated after 48 hours, add the seawater that accounts for its seawater total amount 35%; When (ii) being cooled to 40 ℃ again after 4-6 hour, adding with above-mentioned each ingredients by weight ratio is 98: 2 fresh water; (iii) cooling adds the rice vinegar that accounts for its rice vinegar total amount 50% after 4-6 hour more naturally: (iv) continue the nature cooling after 4-6 hour, open the ooze confining bed; (v) be changed to the plastic-enclosed layer by the ooze confining bed, cooling is 48 hours naturally; (vi) go out the pond pack; (vii) drop in 18 ℃ of-24 ℃ of seawater, forming after 24 hours can be for the directly edible biological feed of prawn.

2, the preparation method of efficient prawn biological feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: have above the described ooze confining bed and be used for thermometric and process segment and inject the several holes of seawater, fresh water batching.

Images