CN103398167A - Gear shift structure of gearbox of vehicle and gearbox - Google Patents
Gear shift structure of gearbox of vehicle and gearbox Download PDFInfo
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- CN103398167A CN103398167A CN2013103505003A CN201310350500A CN103398167A CN 103398167 A CN103398167 A CN 103398167A CN 2013103505003 A CN2013103505003 A CN 2013103505003A CN 201310350500 A CN201310350500 A CN 201310350500A CN 103398167 A CN103398167 A CN 103398167A
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- gear
- gearshift mechanism
- driven disc
- gear box
- engage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/3023—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. dog clutches or other means establishing coupling to shaft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gear shift structure of a gearbox of a vehicle and the gearbox. The gear shift structure comprises a transmission shaft and is characterized in that a lock block press disc, a driven disc and a driving gear are sequentially arranged on the transmission shaft in a sleeved mode, the transmission shaft is sleeved with the lock block press disc and the driving gear in a free mode, the lock block press disc can axially slide along the transmission shaft, the driven disc and the transmission shaft are fixedly connected to achieve synchronous rotation, a plurality of sets of cylindrical lock blocks extending into penetrating holes of the driven disc are fixed to the end face, close to one side of the driven disc, of the lock block press disc, a plurality of groove holes facilitating penetrating of the cylindrical lock blocks are formed in the corresponding positions of the driving gear, the other end side of the lock block press disc is provided with gear shifting fork rings used for pushing the lock block press disc to slide, and a reset spring is arranged between the lock block press disc and the end face of the driven disc. An engaged gear of the gear shift structure of the gearbox of the vehicle and the gear box is of an asynchronously-meshed variable transmission structure, the difference (asynchronization) of the gear rotation speed among different gears is utilized to engage any needed gears, and the difference of the gear rotation speed among the gears does not need to be considered.
Description
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Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and gearbox.
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Background technique:
At present except the working principle of CVT steel chain band stepless automatic transmission case, the gearbox of other form (MT armstrong's patent gearbox, AT automatic transmission case, AMT automatic transmission case, DSG dual-clutch transmission) is all to adopt clutch to add the synchronizing tooth ring structure, and the gear of input power reaches while synchronizeing and could hang into engagement with the gear that need to hang into the outputting power of gear.So the gearbox of these structural types all belongs to synchromesh automobile variable speed driving mechanism.Gear ratio between the different gears of automobile is different, along with changing, velocity ratio changes from small to big, gear rotational speed the change of divergence between different gears be also increasing (rotating speed that is to say engaging gear between any two gears is all nonsynchronous at any time, more the gear of close steps and more between the gear of high transmission ratio the speed difference of engaging gear larger).So above-mentioned several gearbox-gear change be merely able to be change step by step (that is to say hang into gear increase step by step or reduce according to the size order gear of different drive ratios, the gear of an order of being merely able at most to bypass the immediate leadership hang into, otherwise basic extension is not entered).
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and gearbox, it is the gear structure of asynchronous engagement that this vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and gearbox are hung what adopt into gear, utilize the difference (asynchronous) of the gear rotational speed between different gears to hang into any gear that needs, need not to consider the size of the gear rotational speed difference between each gear.
vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of the present invention, comprise transmission shaft, it is characterized in that: be arranged with successively the lock dog platen on described transmission shaft, driven disc and driving gear, described lock dog platen and driving gear are all that empty set is on transmission shaft, and the lock dog platen can endwisely slip along transmission shaft, described driven disc with transmission shaft for being fixedly connected with to realize synchronizeing rotation, described lock dog platen is near being fixed with the some groups of cylindricality lock dogs that stretch in the driven disc perforation on the end face of driven disc one side, described driving gear relevant position is provided with the slotted eye that several penetrate in order to the cylindricality lock dog, another distolateral being provided with for the engage a gear shift fork ring that promotes the slippage of lock dog platen of described lock dog platen, be provided with Returnning spring between described lock dog platen and driven disc end face.
Above-mentioned lock dog platen and driving gear be all by the angular contact ball bearing empty set on transmission shaft.
Above-mentioned Returnning spring is set on the cylinder locks piece.
Above-mentioned driven disc is fixedly connected with to realize synchronizeing rotation with transmission shaft by spline 34.
Gearbox of the present invention, comprise gear box casing and be located at housing interior input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, it is characterized in that: described input shaft is provided with puts first, second relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of direction, described the first output shaft is provided with puts the 3rd, the 4th relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of direction, and described the second output shaft is provided with puts the 5th, the 6th relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of direction; The 5th driving gear gear engagement of the first driven disc of described the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and described the 5th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the first driving gear of described the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism meshes with the internal gear that is positioned at the 5th driving gear side and be fixed on the second output shaft; The 6th driving gear gear engagement of the second driven disc of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and described the 6th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the second driving gear of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism meshes with the external gear that is positioned at the 6th driving gear side and be fixed on the second output shaft; The 4th driving gear engagement of the second driven disc of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and described the 4th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism; Engage a gear shift fork ring on described input shaft is the first engage a gear shift fork ring, and the engage a gear shift fork ring on described the first output shaft is the second engage a gear shift fork ring, and the engage a gear shift fork ring on described the second output shaft is the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring.
Also be provided with jack shaft in above-mentioned gear box casing, described jack shaft is provided with respectively the intermediate gear with the 3rd driving gear engagement of the first driven disc of the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the 3rd vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism.
above-mentioned first, second, be respectively equipped with first on the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork, described first, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork upper end is nested with respectively first, second, on the 3rd piston push rod, described first, second, the 3rd piston push rod two ends are stretched into respectively in the piston duct of both sides, be provided with hydraulic pressure commutation duct between described piston duct and Hydraulic Main oil circuit, described hydraulic pressure commutation is equipped with the hydraulicdirectional control valve core in duct, described hydraulicdirectional control valve core upper end is connected with leading screw and nut mechanism, the screw mandrel of described leading screw and nut mechanism is driven by permanent magnetic brushless.
Above-mentioned piston push rod end is provided with piston and the seal ring that is enclosed within on piston, is provided with return spring between described piston push rod end and piston duct pedestal.
The permanent magnetic brushless of above-mentioned driving screw mandrel action is controlled by the drive circuit of two groups of parallel connections, and the drive circuit of described two groups of parallel connections is controlled by one group of ECU.
The working principle of gearbox of the present invention:
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs put in first gear, with the movement of turning right of the second engage a gear shift fork ring, the movement of also turning right of the lock dog platen of the 4th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and lock dog, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 4th driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the 4th driven disc and the 4th driving gear with the 4th driving gear engagement, the second driven disc rotates, and drive the first output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of one grade; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the second engage a gear shift fork ring is turned left and moved by side to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into second gear, with the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring side shifting of turning left, the lock dog platen of the 5th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and the lock dog side shifting of also turning left, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 5th driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the 5th driven disc and the 5th driving gear with the 5th driving gear engagement, the first driven disc rotates, and drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of second gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring is turned right and moved to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into third gear, with the movement of turning right of the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring, the movement of also turning right of the lock dog platen of the 6th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and lock dog, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 6th driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the 6th driven disc and the 6th driving gear with the 6th driving gear engagement, the second driven disc rotates, and drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of third gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring is turned left and moved by side to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into fourth gear, with the first engage a gear shift fork ring side shifting of turning left, the lock dog platen of the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and the lock dog side shifting of also turning left, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the first driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the first driven disc and the first driving gear with the first driving gear engagement, internal gear rotates, thereby drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of fourth gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the first engage a gear shift fork ring is turned right and moved to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into five grades, with the movement of turning right of the first engage a gear shift fork ring, the movement of also turning right of the lock dog platen of the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and lock dog, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the second driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the second driven disc and the second driving gear with the second driving gear engagement, external gear rotates, thereby drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of five grades; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the first engage a gear shift fork ring is turned left and moved by side to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into reverse gear, with the second engage a gear shift fork ring side shifting of turning left, the lock dog platen of the 3rd vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and the lock dog side shifting of also turning left, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 3rd driving gear, in the situation that intermediate gear all meshes with the 3rd driving gear, the first driven disc, make the first driven disc drive the 3rd driving gear synchronous backward and rotate, thereby drive the first output shaft backward rotation, namely realized the output of reverse gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring is turned right and moved to interposition.
Vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of the present invention and gearbox:
(1) utilize bearing (angular contact ball bearing or other both can bear the bearing that concentric force also can bearing radial force) not only to be arranged on the same axis as driving gear and transmission shaft but also can realize the major part of idle running (under engagement).
(2) each gear is by driving gear, driven disc (perhaps driven gear), lock dog platen, one group of composition such as lock dog.During neutral gear, power is sent on driving gear, to link together by bearing between driving gear and transmission shaft, driving gear is the outer ring interference fit with bearing, transmission shaft and bearing inner race are also interference fit, the Internal and external cycle of bearing is that ball slides, so power can't be sent to above transmission shaft, this moment, driving gear was in idle running.Because driven disc is to coordinate with transmission shaft band outer spline section by internal spline, so driven disc is to be connected as a single entity with transmission shaft.in the time of need to hanging gear (while needing to be sent to the power of driving gear on transmission shaft), (this moment, bearing inner race and rotatingshaft were Spielpassung by the bearing inner race on engage a gear shift fork ring compression lock dog platen, can move on transmission shaft) moved by the direction of driven disc to driving gear after allowing lock dog overcome return spring pressure, lock dog front end surface and driving gear Surface Contact also have certain thrust, in case lock dog is entered in the guiding of position, hole of driving gear, because the pressure of lock dog platen is sent on lock dog, this moment, lock dog can insert along with guiding the power transmission hole of driving gear, driving gear and driven disc engagement, power can pass on driven disc and then transmission shaft by driving gear.Break away from the lock dog of engagement by return spring elestic separate driving gear and driven disc.
(3) driving gear, driven disc all is comprised of the position, one group of hole of equal angular, guaranteeing driving gear, driven disc has under reliable strength conditions, Kong Weiyue is many, and engagement time is shorter, the Kong Weiyu lock dog of driven disc is Spielpassung, and lock dog is subjected under the return spring effect to get back to while breaking away from engagement, and the front end of lock dog is in the position, hole of driven disc (to guarantee the reliability of work) also
(4) utilize the said structure principle to design the SUV offroad vehicle gear transfer structure of brand-new 4 wheel driven (perhaps more driving wheels).Driving wheel combination in any conversion (both can AWD, also can two drive in the past, can later two drive again) can be realized, AWD (the front and back driving wheel is power distribution of 50% respectively) can be use when wet and slippery on road surface like this.Can use the forerunner when trailing wheel is absorbed in hole, 100% power distribution is to front-wheel.Can use rear-guard instead when front-wheel is absorbed in the inside, hole, 100% power is sent to rear two-wheel drive.So just guarantee that the SUV automobile has very good cross-country ability.
(5) solenoid valve that is adopted by traditional automatic transmission case due to the components and parts of engage a gear actuator changes the selector valve that high-speed brushless DC electromotor drives into, the engage a gear reversing principle obtains the dead electricity adhesive by solenoid valve and separate to change hydraulic circuit and transfer Electric Machine Control bistable state hydraulicdirectional control valve to (be that selector valve is just forwarding certain revolution selector valve to by electrical power while opening and opens the connection high-pressure oil passage, then the motor outage is stopped.When selector valve cuts out, electrical power is inverted to certain revolution selector valve and closes high-pressure oil passage and be communicated with pressure relief opening, and then the motor outage is stopped) like this reliability controlled of automatic gearbox of vehicles hydraulic circuit can increase substantially.
(6) motor driving controling circuit adopts two driving plate structures (to enable for one group, other one group standby), output to drive control circuit motor commutation valve by the ECU computing, the fault of testing oneself is also exported diagnostic trouble code, if one group of Drive and Control Circuit breaks down, transfers to voluntarily other one group of standby Drive and Control Circuit.So just guarantee that whole automatic transmission case safe operation is reliable.
(7) the hydraulic accumulation energy jar structure of brand-new design, structure is simpler, and is safe and reliable.
(8) output is connected and breaks away from damping mechanism with power transmission system as the car engine mechanomotive force to cast off clutch configuration once and for all.Due to the structure that adopts lock dog to export and stop as the car engine mechanomotive force.So it is working properly and do not hang gear or fault out of supply that this SKT automatic gearbox of vehicles occurs that never again components and parts are carried out in automaitc shfit.
(9) the gear mesh engagement driving outputting power of fixed drive ratio is adopted in power output.Do not adopt the hydraulic couplers of AT automatic gearbox of vehicles for example (this widely used automatic gearbox of vehicles have 11%～17% power will be coupled device lose), do not adopt yet AMT automatic gearbox of vehicles, DSG double clutch automobile automatic transmission case due to clutch configuration.Because in clutch configuration, skid also can loss part power in the wearing and tearing of clutch plate.CVT steel chain band drive stepless speed changing case due to the reason such as skid also can the certain power of loss (this steel chain band driving automatic changing speed case came out from 1899, and the history of more than 100 year is arranged.Invented by many Nice of Dutchman's model VanDoorne ' s the earliest.Due to inborn structural imperfection, can't bear high pulling torque power and transmit, can only be as the power speed changing conveyer on low-powered engine, the most extensively utilization is the adhesive tape medium infinitely variable transmission on Ms's motorcycle).This SKT automatic gearbox of vehicles has been inherited the advantage of the direct output of power of MT manual car gearbox, and the output of maximum assurance powerful is exported to distribute more than MT manual transmission power and optimized.Reaction time shorter (asynchronous engagement engage a gear has guaranteed shorter engage a gear time and the engagement of more reliable gear).
(10) gearbox of the present invention can realize truly manually add automatic integrated gearbox,, as long as a switching button is set a little, just can convert manual transmission to, even, to the unfamiliar new hand of gear shift, also can skillfully handle.Consider whether can hang into engagement and gear sequencing problem because need not.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the organigram of vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the driving gear side view;
Fig. 3 is the driven disc sectional view;
Fig. 4 is the organigram of gearbox of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is reverse gear transmission principle figure;
Fig. 6 is first, second outputting axial power output services schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is hydraulic driving selector fork fundamental diagram;
Fig. 8 a is the hydraulic control structural representation;
Fig. 8 b is Fig. 8 plan view;
Fig. 9 is the control circuit schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is the hydraulic control fundamental diagram;
Figure 11 is the organigram of energy storage canister.
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Embodiment:
vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of the present invention, comprise transmission shaft 1, be arranged with successively lock dog platen 2 on described transmission shaft 1, driven disc 3 and driving gear 4, described lock dog platen 2 and driving gear 4 are all that empty set is on transmission shaft 1, and lock dog platen 2 can endwisely slip along transmission shaft 1, described driven disc 3 with transmission shaft 1 for being fixedly connected with to realize synchronizeing rotation, described lock dog platen 2 is near being fixed with the some groups of cylindricality lock dogs 5 that stretch in the driven disc perforation on the end face of driven disc 3 one sides, described driving gear 4 relevant positions are provided with the slotted eye 6 that several penetrate in order to the cylindricality lock dog, described lock dog platen 2 another distolateral being provided with for the engage a gear shift fork ring 7 that promotes 2 slippages of lock dog platen, be provided with Returnning spring 8(as shown in Figure 1 between described lock dog platen 2 and driven disc end face).
For reasonable in design, above-mentioned lock dog platen and driving gear be all by angular contact ball bearing 9 empty sets on transmission shaft.
For reasonable in design, above-mentioned Returnning spring 8 is set on cylindricality lock dog 5.
Above-mentioned driven disc 3 is fixedly connected with to realize synchronizeing rotation with transmission shaft 1 by spline.
The position, 6 holes (as shown in Figure 2,3) that the Center Gap 60 that distributing between above-mentioned driving gear 4 outer ring teeth and inner-ring bearing is spent, this position, 6 holes has certain angle guiding angle and the lock dog of 6 identical central to coordinate (the lock dog front end also has the guiding inclination angle of several angle), when lock dog 5 presses to driving gear, lock dog front end and driving gear Surface Contact, when in case lock dog enters in the pilot hole of driving gear, be subjected to lock dog platen thrust, lock dog can be entered position locking fast, completes the engagement process of driving gear and driven disc.When in the actionless situation of experiment test proof driven disc, input shaft reaches 4000 rev/mins (meaning the rotating speed while reaching a maximum engine torque), moment can hang into 4 grades or 5 grades.Even again under high speed conditions, lock dog also can be calmly and the driving gear engagement.The test result surface uses this automatic gearbox of vehicles can realize any transforming gear like this.
Gearbox of the present invention, comprise gear box casing and be located at housing interior input shaft 9, the first output shaft 10, the second output shaft 11, described input shaft 9 is provided with puts first, second relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 12,13 of direction, described the first output shaft 10 is provided with puts relative the 3rd, the 4th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 14,15 of direction, and described the second output shaft 11 is provided with puts relative the 5th, the 6th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 16,17 of direction; The first driven disc 1201 of described the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 12 meshes with the 5th driving gear 1602 gears of described the 5th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 16, and the first driving gear 1202 of described the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 12 meshes with the internal gear 18 that is positioned at the 5th driving gear 16 sides and be fixed on the second output shaft 11; The second driven disc 1301 of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 13 meshes with the 6th driving gear gear 1702 of described the 6th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 17, and the second driving gear 1202 of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 12 meshes with the external gear 19 that is positioned at the 6th driving gear 1702 sides and be fixed on the second output shaft 11; The second driven disc 1301 of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 13 meshes with the 4th driving gear 1502 of described the 4th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism 15; Engage a gear shift fork ring on described input shaft 9 is the first engage a gear shift fork ring 701, and the engage a gear shift fork ring on described the first output shaft 10 is the second engage a gear shift fork ring 702, the engage a gear shift fork ring on described the second output shaft 11 be the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring 703(as shown in Figure 4).
In order to realize the reverse gear function, also be provided with jack shaft 20 in above-mentioned gear box casing, described jack shaft 20 be provided with respectively with the intermediate gear 21(of the 3rd driving gear 1402 engagements of the first driven disc 1201 of the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the 3rd vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism as shown in Figure 4,5).
in order to realize the engage a gear function and to realize that the control of bistable state oil pressure is (as Fig. 7, shown in 8), above-mentioned first, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring 701, 702, be respectively equipped with first on 703, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork 2201, 2202, 2203, described first, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork upper end is nested with respectively first, second, the 3rd piston push rod 2301, 2302, on 2303, described first, second, the 3rd piston push rod two ends are stretched into respectively in the piston duct 24 of both sides, be provided with hydraulic pressure commutation duct 26 between described piston duct 24 and Hydraulic Main oil circuit 25, described hydraulic pressure commutation is equipped with hydraulicdirectional control valve core 27 in duct 26, described hydraulicdirectional control valve core 27 upper ends are connected with leading screw and nut mechanism 28, the screw mandrel 29 of described leading screw and nut mechanism is driven by permanent magnetic brushless 30.This motor is specially rare-earth permanent magnet brushless three-phase dc micromachine.
It is more reliable that testing experiment result proof rare-earth permanent magnet brushless three-phase dc micromachine is immersed in the work of automobile gearbox oil the inside.To increase substantially the working life of motor bearings due to sufficient lubrication.This motor does not have commutating brush.Rotor adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, though motor is little, it is so large that power reaches several times of common electric machine.Rated speed reaches 12000 rev/mins, and 30 milliseconds of each operating times stop.Except in needed time of each run (this does not also consider to be immersed in the good lubrication effect situation of gear box oil), drawn result is that motor can damage hardly within the useful life period of every automobile with the motor reliability operation time.Carry out faut detection and run into fault also can automatically changing Drive and Control Circuit even adopt two drive circuits and be added on each startup.Three-phase dc Drive and Control Circuit itself will become the multiple of how much levels to increase to the short time operational reliability.Adopt two Drive and Control Circuit, whole service control circuit reliability will significantly be promoted so again.
For better sealing, above-mentioned piston push rod end is provided with piston 31 and the seal ring 32 that is enclosed within on piston, is provided with return spring 33 between described piston push rod end and piston duct pedestal.
when work, rare-earth permanent magnet brushless three-phase dc micromachine receives the driving signal, namely starting forward stopped after a few tens of milliseconds, drive the screw mandrel action in this process, the hydraulicdirectional control valve core 27 that screw mandrel drives its lower end first upward moves, working connection is communicated with hydraulic pressure commutation duct 26, the oil pressure of working connection is pushing piston 31 and piston push rod action, piston push rod drives the engage a gear shift fork and engage a gear shift fork ring moves, namely realized engage a gear, due to the each rotation time of motor very short (a few tens of milliseconds), to motor can not have any impact (be hundreds of thousands hour the working life of this motor usually), therefore in integeral vehicle life, this motor all can be because of fatigue damage.The energising that in the past must keep solenoid valve during gearbox shifting, the guarantee engage a gear, to certain gear, namely all has the solenoid valve of certain gear in running order when driving, thereby, due to the continuous firing of solenoid valve, easily causes the fatigue damage of solenoid valve.This hydraulic control structure of the present invention, overcome existing this defect fully, make hydraulic control reliable and stable, and greatly extends working life.
In order to realize stable control, the permanent magnetic brushless 30 of above-mentioned driving screw mandrel 29 actions is controlled by the drive circuit 31 of two groups of parallel connections, and the drive circuit of described two groups of parallel connections is controlled by one group of ECU.
During user's engage a gear, give simultaneously the signal of drive circuit drive motor by ECU, when the first drive circuit does not have fault, namely by the action of the first drive circuit Execution driven permanent magnetic brushless 30, when the first drive circuit is out of order, namely, by the action of the second drive circuit Execution driven permanent magnetic brushless 30, realized two guarantee that performs an action.
Gearbox reverse idler gear of the present invention rear end is connecting a hydraulic-pressure pump, and motor car engine one starts and will drive the gearbox input shaft and rotate, and reverse idler gear and input shaft to be normal engagement (see Fig. 5: reverse gear transmission principle figure).The hydraulic pump discharge type selecting can be 0.5～1, and between 75 discharge capacities, (the larger oil mass of discharge capacity is more, and oil pressure rises faster.Take 1.75 discharge capacities gear pump as example, gear pump main shaft just can reach the required pressure of engage a gear as long as rotation ten turns oil pressure, all by the relief valve overflow pressure relief after accumulation of energy), an one-way valve is installed in the oil hydraulic pump outlet, in case prevent that the engine misses oil pressure is by the oil hydraulic pump pressure release.the energy storage canister filler opening is installed a reverse one-way valve, (pressure of setting certain numerical value can be opened valve body and start energy storage), open energy storage canister and start accumulation of energy after main oil gallery pressure reaches working pressure, a relief valve is installed in energy storage canister, relief valve is set the oil pressure relief of certain numerical value, in case energy storage canister pressure surpasses this numerical value, oil pressure just starts to rush down, enable pressure tank and maintain the parameter value of setting, when in case energy storage canister is also installed another one one-way valve conduct main oil gallery oil pressure lower than working pressure, provide enough pressure to main oil gallery, energy storage canister structure (referring to Figure 11), energy storage canister is by tank body, piston oil seal, spring forms.Two one-way valves and a relief valve are installed on the pedestal that is attached thereto, and oil sealing and pedestal locking are arranged.Open one-way valve and start oil pressure and enter the energy storage canister pushing piston when one-way valve accumulation of energy pressure that the main oil gallery oil pressure surpass to be set, piston overcomes spring pressure and moves backward, at this moment starts accumulation of energy.There is a position, hole energy storage tank body rear end, if occur in the situation of the bad leakage of oil pressure release of piston oil seal, hydraulic oil can keep the rear end standard pressure by the turnover of position, hole, in case the leakage of oil of not perforate position, the pressure oil alluvial will lose efficacy whole energy storage canister at an other end of piston.
Be combined into housing after automatic gearbox of vehicles housing aluminum-magnesium alloy of the present invention die casting, shaping operation.By front case, middle shell.Rear case.Four parts of upper cover combine.Basic and the gearbox other form of outer shape does not have too large difference.
Being connected and fixed structure and with automatic gearbox of vehicles that automotive body is connected and fixed structure and other form, being connected and fixed structural principle of automatic gearbox of vehicles housing of the present invention and motor do not have too large difference.
Automatic gearbox of vehicles P shelves of the present invention (parked car stop) structure is consistent with automatic gearbox of vehicles P shelves (parked car stop) structure working principle of other form substantially.There is no too large difference.
Automatic gearbox of vehicles differential design of the present invention (take the forerunner as example) is consistent with differential design and the working principle of the automatic gearbox of vehicles power output of other form substantially, does not also have too large difference.
The parameter value (as throttle position sensor parameter value, crankshaft position sensor parameter value, odometer velocity transducer parameter value, brake pedal position sensor parameter value etc.) that the program that automatic gearbox of vehicles computer of the present invention (ECU) is controlled gear shift is automatically calculated needed signal and input is consistent with the desired signal parameter value of program calculating that the automatic gearbox of vehicles of other form is controlled gear shift automatically substantially, there is no too large difference.
The working principle of gearbox of the present invention:
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs put in first gear, with the movement of turning right of the second engage a gear shift fork ring, the movement of also turning right of the lock dog platen of the 4th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and lock dog, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 4th driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the 4th driven disc and the 4th driving gear with the 4th driving gear engagement, the second driven disc rotates, and drive the first output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of one grade; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the second engage a gear shift fork ring is turned left and moved by side to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into second gear, with the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring side shifting of turning left, the lock dog platen of the 5th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and the lock dog side shifting of also turning left, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 5th driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the 5th driven disc and the 5th driving gear with the 5th driving gear engagement, the first driven disc rotates, and drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of second gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring is turned right and moved to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into third gear, with the movement of turning right of the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring, the movement of also turning right of the lock dog platen of the 6th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and lock dog, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 6th driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the 6th driven disc and the 6th driving gear with the 6th driving gear engagement, the second driven disc rotates, and drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of third gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring is turned left and moved by side to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into fourth gear, with the first engage a gear shift fork ring side shifting of turning left, the lock dog platen of the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and the lock dog side shifting of also turning left, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the first driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the first driven disc and the first driving gear with the first driving gear engagement, internal gear rotates, thereby drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of fourth gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the first engage a gear shift fork ring is turned right and moved to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into five grades, with the movement of turning right of the first engage a gear shift fork ring, the movement of also turning right of the lock dog platen of the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and lock dog, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the second driving gear, in the situation that synchronizeing the second driven disc and the second driving gear with the second driving gear engagement, external gear rotates, thereby drive the second output shaft rotation, namely realized the output of five grades; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the first engage a gear shift fork ring is turned left and moved by side to interposition.
Be in the gearbox (as shown in Figure 2) of neutral gear when needs are hung into reverse gear, with the second engage a gear shift fork ring side shifting of turning left, the lock dog platen of the 3rd vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and the lock dog side shifting of also turning left, lock dog penetrates in the slotted eye of the 3rd driving gear, in the situation that intermediate gear all meshes with the 3rd driving gear, the first driven disc, make the first driven disc drive the 3rd driving gear synchronous backward and rotate, thereby drive the first output shaft backward rotation, namely realized the output of reverse gear; In the time of need to returning neutral, namely as long as the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring is turned right and moved to interposition.
Vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of the present invention and gearbox:
(1) utilize bearing (angular contact ball bearing or other both can bear the bearing that concentric force also can bearing radial force) not only to be arranged on the same axis as driving gear and transmission shaft but also can realize the major part of idle running (under engagement).
(2) each gear is by driving gear, driven disc (perhaps driven gear), lock dog platen, one group of composition such as lock dog.During neutral gear, power is sent on driving gear, to link together by bearing between driving gear and transmission shaft, driving gear is the outer ring interference fit with bearing, transmission shaft and bearing inner race are also interference fit, the Internal and external cycle of bearing is that ball slides, so power can't be sent to above transmission shaft, this moment, driving gear was in idle running.Because driven disc is to coordinate with transmission shaft band outer spline section by internal spline, so driven disc is to be connected as a single entity with transmission shaft.in the time of need to hanging gear (while needing to be sent to the power of driving gear on transmission shaft), (this moment, bearing inner race and rotatingshaft were Spielpassung by the bearing inner race on engage a gear shift fork ring compression lock dog platen, can move on transmission shaft) moved by the direction of driven disc to driving gear after allowing lock dog overcome return spring pressure, lock dog front end surface and driving gear Surface Contact also have certain thrust, in case lock dog is entered in the guiding of position, hole of driving gear, because the pressure of lock dog platen is sent on lock dog, this moment, lock dog can insert along with guiding the power transmission hole of driving gear, driving gear and driven disc engagement, power can pass on driven disc and then transmission shaft by driving gear.Break away from the lock dog of engagement by return spring elestic separate driving gear and driven disc.
(3) driving gear, driven disc all is comprised of the position, one group of hole of equal angular, guaranteeing driving gear, driven disc has under reliable strength conditions, Kong Weiyue is many, and engagement time is shorter, the Kong Weiyu lock dog of driven disc is Spielpassung, and lock dog is subjected under the return spring effect to get back to while breaking away from engagement, and the front end of lock dog is in the position, hole of driven disc (to guarantee the reliability of work) also
(4) utilize the said structure principle to design the SUV offroad vehicle gear transfer structure of brand-new 4 wheel driven (perhaps more driving wheels).Driving wheel combination in any conversion (both can AWD, also can two drive in the past, can later two drive again) can be realized, AWD (the front and back driving wheel is power distribution of 50% respectively) can be use when wet and slippery on road surface like this.Can use the forerunner when trailing wheel is absorbed in hole, 100% power distribution is to front-wheel.Can use rear-guard instead when front-wheel is absorbed in the inside, hole, 100% power is sent to rear two-wheel drive.So just guarantee that the SUV automobile has very good cross-country ability.
(5) solenoid valve that is adopted by traditional automatic transmission case due to the components and parts of engage a gear actuator changes the selector valve that high-speed brushless DC electromotor drives into, the engage a gear reversing principle obtains the dead electricity adhesive by solenoid valve and separate to change hydraulic circuit and transfer Electric Machine Control bistable state hydraulicdirectional control valve to (be that selector valve is just forwarding certain revolution selector valve to by electrical power while opening and opens the connection high-pressure oil passage, then the motor outage is stopped.When selector valve cuts out, electrical power is inverted to certain revolution selector valve and closes high-pressure oil passage and be communicated with pressure relief opening, and then the motor outage is stopped) like this reliability controlled of automatic gearbox of vehicles hydraulic circuit can increase substantially.
(6) motor driving controling circuit adopts two driving plate structures (to enable for one group, other one group standby), output to drive control circuit motor commutation valve by the ECU computing, the fault of testing oneself is also exported diagnostic trouble code, if one group of Drive and Control Circuit breaks down, transfers to voluntarily other one group of standby Drive and Control Circuit.So just guarantee that whole automatic transmission case safe operation is reliable.
(7) the hydraulic accumulation energy jar structure of brand-new design, structure is simpler, and is safe and reliable.
(8) output is connected and breaks away from damping mechanism with power transmission system as the car engine mechanomotive force to cast off clutch configuration once and for all.Due to the structure that adopts lock dog to export and stop as the car engine mechanomotive force.So it is working properly and do not hang gear or fault out of supply that this SKT automatic gearbox of vehicles occurs that never again components and parts are carried out in automaitc shfit.
(9) the gear mesh engagement driving outputting power of fixed drive ratio is adopted in power output.Do not adopt the hydraulic couplers of AT automatic gearbox of vehicles for example (this widely used automatic gearbox of vehicles have 11%～17% power will be coupled device lose), do not adopt yet AMT automatic gearbox of vehicles, DSG double clutch automobile automatic transmission case due to clutch configuration.Because in clutch configuration, skid also can loss part power in the wearing and tearing of clutch plate.CVT steel chain band drive stepless speed changing case due to the reason such as skid also can the certain power of loss (this steel chain band driving automatic changing speed case came out from 1899, and the history of more than 100 year is arranged.Invented by many Nice of Dutchman's model VanDoorne ' s the earliest.Due to inborn structural imperfection, can't bear high pulling torque power and transmit, can only be as the power speed changing conveyer on low-powered engine, the most extensively utilization is the adhesive tape medium infinitely variable transmission on Ms's motorcycle).This SKT automatic gearbox of vehicles has been inherited the advantage of the direct output of power of MT manual car gearbox, and the output of maximum assurance powerful is exported to distribute more than MT manual transmission power and optimized.Reaction time shorter (asynchronous engagement engage a gear has guaranteed shorter engage a gear time and the engagement of more reliable gear).
(10) gearbox of the present invention can realize truly manually add automatic integrated gearbox,, as long as a switching button is set a little, just can convert manual transmission to, even, to the unfamiliar new hand of gear shift, also can skillfully handle.Consider whether can hang into engagement and gear sequencing problem because need not.
Final gear ratio value (reduction speed ratio that contains differential mechanism) between each gear of automatic gearbox of vehicles of the present invention (take 5 forward gears JS13A models as example): 8.252 1 grades of 9.038 2 grades of 4.239 3 grades of 3.47 4 grades 2.557 5 grades 1.954 certain these automatic transmission case of reverse gear can be adjusted final gear ratio value between each gear according to the requirement of the size of the motor of different manufacturers, discharge capacity, vehicle, auto assembly producer.Also can increase and decrease as requested gear.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, comprise transmission shaft, it is characterized in that: be arranged with successively the lock dog platen on described transmission shaft, driven disc and driving gear, described lock dog platen and driving gear are all that empty set is on transmission shaft, and the lock dog platen can endwisely slip along transmission shaft, described driven disc with transmission shaft for being fixedly connected with to realize synchronizeing rotation, described lock dog platen is near being fixed with the some groups of cylindricality lock dogs that stretch in the driven disc perforation on the end face of driven disc one side, described driving gear relevant position is provided with the slotted eye that several penetrate in order to the cylindricality lock dog, another distolateral being provided with for the engage a gear shift fork ring that promotes the slippage of lock dog platen of described lock dog platen, be provided with Returnning spring between described lock dog platen and driven disc end face.
2. vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described lock dog platen and driving gear be all by the angular contact ball bearing empty set on transmission shaft.
3. vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described Returnning spring is set on the cylinder locks piece.
4. vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described driven disc is fixedly connected with to realize synchronizeing rotation with transmission shaft by spline.
5. a right to use requires the gearbox of 1 described vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, comprise gear box casing and be located at housing interior input shaft, the first output shaft, the second output shaft, it is characterized in that: described input shaft is provided with puts first, second relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of direction, described the first output shaft is provided with puts the 3rd, the 4th relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of direction, and described the second output shaft is provided with puts the 5th, the 6th relative vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism of direction; The 5th driving gear gear engagement of the first driven disc of described the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and described the 5th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the first driving gear of described the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism meshes with the internal gear that is positioned at the 5th driving gear side and be fixed on the second output shaft; The 6th driving gear gear engagement of the second driven disc of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and described the 6th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the second driving gear of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism meshes with the external gear that is positioned at the 6th driving gear side and be fixed on the second output shaft; The 4th driving gear engagement of the second driven disc of described the second vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism and described the 4th vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism; Engage a gear shift fork ring on described input shaft is the first engage a gear shift fork ring, and the engage a gear shift fork ring on described the first output shaft is the second engage a gear shift fork ring, and the engage a gear shift fork ring on described the second output shaft is the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring.
6. gearbox according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: also be provided with jack shaft in described gear box casing, described jack shaft is provided with respectively the intermediate gear with the 3rd driving gear engagement of the first driven disc of the first vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism, the 3rd vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism.
7. gearbox according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described first, second, be respectively equipped with first on the 3rd engage a gear shift fork ring, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork, described first, second, the 3rd engage a gear shift fork upper end is nested with respectively first, second, on the 3rd piston push rod, described first, second, the 3rd piston push rod two ends are stretched into respectively in the piston duct of both sides, be provided with hydraulic pressure commutation duct between described piston duct and Hydraulic Main oil circuit, described hydraulic pressure commutation is equipped with the hydraulicdirectional control valve core in duct, described hydraulicdirectional control valve core upper end is connected with leading screw and nut mechanism, the screw mandrel of described leading screw and nut mechanism is driven by permanent magnetic brushless.
8. gearbox according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described piston push rod end is provided with piston and is enclosed within seal ring on piston, is provided with return spring between described piston push rod end and piston duct pedestal.
9. gearbox according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the permanent magnetic brushless of described driving screw mandrel action is controlled by the drive circuit of two groups of parallel connections, and the drive circuit of described two groups of parallel connections is controlled by one group of ECU.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310350500.3A CN103398167B (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2013-08-13 | Use the gearbox of vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism |
| PCT/CN2014/084244 WO2015021915A1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2014-08-13 | Gear shift structure of vehicle gearbox and gearbox |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310350500.3A CN103398167B (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2013-08-13 | Use the gearbox of vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism |
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| CN103398167A true CN103398167A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
| CN103398167B CN103398167B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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| CN201310350500.3A Active CN103398167B (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2013-08-13 | Use the gearbox of vehicle gear box gearshift mechanism |
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| WO (1) | WO2015021915A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2015021915A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-19 | Lin Shikai | Gear shift structure of vehicle gearbox and gearbox |
| CN110214241A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-09-06 | 伊顿康明斯自动传输技术有限责任公司 | For operating high efficiency, the system of high output speed changer, method and apparatus |
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| US4162001A (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1979-07-24 | Dana Corporation | Free ring synchronizer having oppositely acting spring means |
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| CN110214241A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-09-06 | 伊顿康明斯自动传输技术有限责任公司 | For operating high efficiency, the system of high output speed changer, method and apparatus |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015021915A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| CN103398167B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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