CN103398034B - A kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes - Google Patents
A kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103398034B CN103398034B CN201310355064.9A CN201310355064A CN103398034B CN 103398034 B CN103398034 B CN 103398034B CN 201310355064 A CN201310355064 A CN 201310355064A CN 103398034 B CN103398034 B CN 103398034B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic control system being applicable to Sowing machine for potatoes, it comprises filter, reduction valve, sequence valve, oil hydraulic motor, safety valve, unloading valve, throttle valve, one-way cylinder, sensor group etc.; Be connected with the power intake of sowing mechanism by oil hydraulic motor, be connected with the power intake of fertilizing mechanism, drive sowing mechanism and fertilizing mechanism motion, follow-up adjustment dose and spacing in the rows when realizing potato sowing, make dose and spacing in the rows under the gait of march that sowing machine is different, setting value when forever keeping initial, thus the uniformity that ensure that fertilising and sowing, and sowing spacing in the rows and dose can step-less adjustment, each sowing agriculture requirement from different places can be met completely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Sowing machine for potatoes of agricultural mechanical field, particularly a kind of hydraulic control system being applicable to Sowing machine for potatoes.
Background technique
Potato is the fourth-largest crop of China, and cultivated area is large, and fresh tuber yield occupies first place in the world, and potato occupies critical role in agricultural economy, realizes potato production mechanization, is as good as the development that can promote Potato Industry; Have a variety of potato setter in the market, its basic structure comprises fertilizing mechanism, sowing mechanism, kind case and transmission system; Transmission system mainly relies on land wheel to rotate and provides power, by the effect of chain and sprocket wheel, by transmission of power to fertilizing mechanism and sowing mechanism, drive fertilizing mechanism and sowing mechanism work, because it relies on mechanical structure to realize transmission of power completely, its complex structure, poor reliability; Potato has strict requirement for the spacing in the rows of sowing, Sowing machine for potatoes in the past, the adjustment of its spacing in the rows mainly relies on and changes the incompatible change register ratio of chain wheel set, realize the adjustment of spacing in the rows, because the sprocket wheel quantity that each machine configures is limited, thus the adjustment determined for potato spacing in the rows must be limited in several fixing parameter.There is different plantation agriculture requirement in different areas, and sometimes fixing spacing in the rows regulating parameter just cannot meet the planting requirement in some region; Fertilizing mechanism is also configure different sprocket wheels, and realized the adjustment of dose by the velocity ratio changed between sprocket wheel, the adjustment of its dose is also be limited in certain several fixed value as a same reason, cannot realize step-less adjustment; Due to the pure mechanical transmission that current potato planting machinery adopts, rate of fault is high, and repairs pretty troublesome.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes, designed by mechanical-electrical-hydraulic integration, utilize oil hydraulic motor to drive sowing mechanism and fertilizing mechanism motion, the rotating speed of follow-up adjustment sowing mechanism and fertilizing mechanism when realizing potato sowing, make dose and spacing in the rows under the gait of march that sowing machine is different, setting value when eternal maintenance is initial, thus ensure that the uniformity of fertilising and sowing, and sowing spacing in the rows and dose can step-less adjustment, each sowing agriculture requirement from different places can be met completely.In order to achieve this end, we carry out the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring sowing mechanism, fertilizing mechanism and land wheel mechanism by arranging speed probe, according to linear relationship, when Sowing machine for potatoes gait of march accelerates, we are by accelerating the rotating speed of sowing mechanism and fertilizing mechanism, ensure the stable of spacing in the rows and dose; On the contrary, if when Sowing machine for potatoes gait of march slows down, we are by reducing the rotating speed of sowing mechanism and fertilizing mechanism, ensure the stable of spacing in the rows and dose.
In order to realize function as above, the present invention realizes by the following method: a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes of the present invention comprises filter, reduction valve, sequence valve, proportional flow control valve, oil hydraulic motor, safety valve, unloading valve, throttle valve, one-way cylinder, Pilot operated check valve, solenoid directional control valve, forced air cooler, tubular type one-way valve, Direct box and sensor group; Described oil hydraulic motor comprises oil hydraulic motor M1 and oil hydraulic motor M2; Described oil hydraulic motor M1 is connected with the power intake of sowing mechanism, drives sowing mechanism to rotate; Described oil hydraulic motor M2 is connected with the power intake of fertilizing mechanism, drives fertilizing mechanism to rotate; The filler opening end of hydraulic circuit is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet of filter by node a, and hydraulic oil outlet one end of filter is provided with node b; The hydraulic oil inlet end of described reduction valve is connected with node b, the hydraulic oil outlet end of reduction valve is provided with node c, unloading port's pipeline of reduction valve is connected with the node f that the hydraulic oil circuit of hydraulic control system is arranged, and reduction valve is for setting the maximum service pressure of oil hydraulic motor; The hydraulic oil inlet end of described proportional flow control valve is connected with node c, the hydraulic oil outlet end of proportional flow control valve is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of sequence valve, the hydraulic oil outlet end of sequence valve is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of oil hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic oil outlet end of oil hydraulic motor is connected with the node f that the hydraulic oil circuit of hydraulic control system is arranged; Described proportional flow control valve and sequence valve all arrange two groups, two groups of proportional flow control valves are respectively used to the rotating speed of control two oil hydraulic motors, the pressure size of two groups of respective proportional flow control valve hydraulic oil outlet ends connected of sequence valve control end monitoring, the connection of the hydraulic circuit of two oil hydraulic motors is controlled respectively by pressure size, thus ensure that the lowest starting pressure of each oil hydraulic motor, oil hydraulic motor is started and stops steadily;
One end of described throttle valve is connected with node b, and the other end is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end 1 of solenoid directional control valve; The active chamber hydraulic fluid port i of described solenoid directional control valve is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve, the active chamber hydraulic fluid port j of solenoid directional control valve is connected with the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve, the return opening f of solenoid directional control valve is communicated with hydraulic oil circuit, the hydraulic oil outlet end of Pilot operated check valve is provided with node k, the hydraulic oil interface of one-way cylinder is connected with node k, by controlling solenoid directional control valve, the switching of one-way cylinder in-line and return line can be realized; Described one-way cylinder is connected with kind case, controls lifting and falling action of kind of case;
The node f that described hydraulic oil circuit is arranged is connected with forced air cooler hydraulic oil inlet end, the hydraulic oil outlet end of described forced air cooler is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of tubular type one-way valve, the hydraulic oil outlet end of tubular type one-way valve is connected with the return opening of hydraulic circuit, tubular type one-way valve is arranged at the return opening place of hydraulic circuit, oil inlet pipe and return tube wrong when docking with power equipment for preventing hydraulic control system, tubular type one-way valve will guarantee that hydraulic circuit cannot be opened, and protect hydraulic control system and forced air cooler;
Described sensor group comprise sowing speed probe, fertilising speed probe, wheel speed sensor and position limit switch; Described sowing speed probe is arranged on sowing mechanism, for the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring sowing mechanism; Described fertilising speed probe is arranged in Fertilization Structure, for the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring fertilizing mechanism; Described ground wheel speed sensor is arranged on land wheel, rotating speed when advancing for Real-Time Monitoring land wheel; Sowing speed probe, fertilising speed probe, the control terminal that all will arrange in signal feed back to Direct box of wheel speed sensor, control terminal sows signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, the control to oil hydraulic motor M1 is realized by control ratio Flow valve, finally make sowing mechanism rotation speed change and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately, ensure that plant is apart from the value being stabilized in original state setting; Control terminal to be applied fertilizer signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, the control to oil hydraulic motor M2 is realized by control ratio Flow valve, finally make the rotation speed change of fertilizing mechanism and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately, ensure that dose is stabilized in the value of original state setting; Described position limit switch is for setting the limit position lifting and fall of mainframe, and electrical signal is fed back to control terminal by position limit switch, and the feedback electrical signal of control terminal by receiving, judges whether the work of hydraulic control automatical control system; When mainframe lifts, when sowing machine is in non-sowing working state, position limit switch is by feedback signal back to control terminal, and control terminal is after the feedback signal receiving position limit switch, cut off the signal that all the sensors collects, make hydraulic electric control system be in off position; When mainframe falls, sowing machine is in sowing working state, and control terminal, according to the feedback signal of position limit switch, starts and implements to gather each sensor signal, make hydraulic electric control system in running order.
The hydraulic oil inlet end of described safety valve is connected with node b, and the hydraulic oil outlet end of safety valve is connected with node f, for the maximum service pressure of hydraulic control control system.
The hydraulic oil inlet end of described unloading valve is connected with node b, and the hydraulic oil outlet end of unloading valve is connected with node f, and when hydraulic control system does not work, unloading valve is in unloading condition; Hydraulic system is started working, and unloading valve is in closed condition, and system pressure is increased to working state pressure fast.
Described proportional flow control valve comprises proportional flow control valve a and proportional flow control valve b, and sequence valve comprises sequence valve a and sequence valve b; Before proportional flow control valve a and sequence valve a is arranged at oil hydraulic motor M1, for the rotating speed of hydraulic control motor M1 and the lowest starting pressure of oil hydraulic motor M1, ensure oil hydraulic motor M1 smooth starting and stopping; Before proportional flow control valve b and sequence valve b is arranged at oil hydraulic motor M2, for the rotating speed of hydraulic control motor M2 and the lowest starting pressure of oil hydraulic motor M2, ensure oil hydraulic motor M2 smooth starting and stopping.
Described Direct box is also provided with alarm, display screen, control key and function selecting key; Direct box is singly connected with fuse box, the control circuit in Direct box and sowing speed probe, the speed probe that applies fertilizer, wheel speed sensor, position limit switch, spray medicine motor, proportional flow control valve, unloading valve, solenoid directional control valve and forced air cooler form and electrically connect; Control key comprises power switch for controlling the open and close of power supply in Direct box, spray medicine switch is for controlling the open and close of spraying medicine motor, hopper switch, for controlling solenoid directional control valve work, by the job control to one-way cylinder, realizes lifting and putting down of kind of case.
Be applicable to a controlling method for the hydraulic control system of Sowing machine for potatoes, it mainly comprises following rate-determining steps:
1) according to agriculture requirement, the dose needed when spacing in the rows and the sowing of potato planting is set, thus determine the linear corresponding relation of sowing mechanism rotational velocity and land wheel rotational velocity, determine the linear corresponding relation of fertilizing mechanism rotational velocity and land wheel rotational velocity;
2) by the maximum service pressure of safety valve setting hydraulic control control system, by the maximum service pressure of reduction valve setting oil hydraulic motor, by the lowest starting pressure of sequence valve setting oil hydraulic motor;
3) open hydraulic control system, unloading valve is in closed condition, and pressure oil enters hydraulic control system by filter, and hydraulic control system pressure is increased to working state pressure fast; Sowing machine advances, land wheel rotates, control terminal sows signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, realizes the control to oil hydraulic motor M1 by control ratio Flow valve a, finally makes sowing mechanism rotation speed change and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately; Control terminal to be applied fertilizer signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, realize the control to oil hydraulic motor M2 by control ratio Flow valve b, finally make the rotation speed change of fertilizing mechanism and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately;
4) hopper switch is opened, control solenoid directional control valve to be in one-way cylinder for oil condition, the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with pressure oil, the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with oil circuit, Pilot operated check valve is in unidirectional oil-feed state, and kind of a case lifts by one-way cylinder gradually; When kind case lifts and puts in place, control solenoid directional control valve and be in oil-break line state, the hydraulic oil pipeline of one-way cylinder is closed, thus bonding action oil cylinder remains on current position state; When kind of case will be put down, control solenoid directional control valve and be in oil return state, the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with pressure oil, Pilot operated check valve is opened, the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with oil circuit, in one-way cylinder, hydraulic oil flows out oil cylinder by Pilot operated check valve, plants case and puts down gradually;
5) when hydraulic control system be in only sowing do not apply fertilizer state time, control system will close proportional flow control valve b, make oil hydraulic motor M2 be in off working state, only have oil hydraulic motor M1 to work, complete seeding operation in sowing machine advance process;
6) when hydraulic control system be in only fertilising do not sow state time, control system will close proportional flow control valve a, make oil hydraulic motor M1 be in off working state, only have oil hydraulic motor M2 to work, complete fertilising operation in sowing machine advance process;
7) when hydraulic control system is in discharging state, sowing machine halts, ground wheel speed is zero, control terminal will be abandoned implementing locality wheel speed sensor signal, and be fixed value by land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor setting parameter, control terminal, by contrast sowing signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor, carrys out hydraulic control motor M1 by control ratio Flow valve a and works, and realizes sowing mechanism and unloads kind of an operation; Control terminal, by contrast fertilising signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor, carrys out hydraulic control motor M2 by control ratio Flow valve b and works, and realizes fertilizing mechanism and unloads fertile operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of hydraulic control device of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of the sowing mechanism that the present invention relates to
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of the fertilizing mechanism that the present invention relates to
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of the fertilising chain harrow that the present invention relates to
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of electric controller of the present invention
In figure, 1 filter 2 reduction valve 3 sequence valve a 4 sowing mechanism 5 oil hydraulic motor M1 6 proportional flow control valve a 7 safety valve 8 sequence valve b9 fertilizing mechanism 10 oil hydraulic motor M2 11 proportional flow control valve b 12 unloading valve 13 throttle valve 14 one-way cylinder 15 Pilot operated check valve 16 solenoid directional control valve 17 forced air cooler 18 tubular type one-way valve 19 grain conductor 20 driving wheel, 21 kinds of cup 22 microspecies casees 23 are sowed live axle 24 fertile case 25 fertigation unit 26 live axle 27 fertilizer guiding tube 28 chain harrow 29 Direct box 30 alarm 31 display screen 32 control key 33 function selecting key 34 fuse box 35 that applies fertilizer that applies fertilizer and are sprayed medicine motor 36 dump bucket switch 37 and sow speed probe 38 and to apply fertilizer speed probe 39 ground wheel speed sensor 40 position limit switch
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 2 the structural drawing of the sowing mechanism (4) that the present invention relates to, sowing mechanism (4) mainly comprises grain conductor (19), driving wheel (20), kind cup (21), microspecies case (22) and sowing live axle (23), sowing live axle (23) is fixedly connected with driving wheel (20), and driving wheel (20) can be driven to rotate, planting staggered being fixedly connected on of cup (21) sows on belt, sowing belt sleeve is connected on the follower of driving wheel (20) and grain conductor (19) lower end, rely on driving wheel (20) to rotate and drive sowing belt to rotate, thus the kind cup (21) be fixedly connected on sowing belt obtains potato seed from microspecies case (22), and follow sowing belt move upward, be positioned at the position of grain conductor (19) top, potato seed in kind of cup (21) will fall in the seed furrow held successfully by grain conductor (19), namely complete and get kind of a process for sowing, whole sowing machine also comprises a larger kind case, and it is hinged with in frame, by the promotion of one-way cylinder (14), can rotate around hinge contact, thus be poured into by the potato seed in macrospecies case in microspecies case (22), in seeding process, in order to ensure under different gait of march, the spacing in the rows of potato sowing keeps a definite value, just need when gait of march accelerates, the rotating speed of sowing live axle (23) accelerates thereupon, namely gets kind of speed and also accelerates, after the potato seed speed fallen in seed furrow is accelerated, gait of march faster can be adapted to, ensure that spacing in the rows is even.
The structural drawing of fertilizing mechanism as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 for the present invention relates to, fertilizing mechanism (9) mainly comprises fertile case (24), fertigation unit (25), fertilising live axle (26) and fertilizer guiding tube (27), the lower end of fertile case (24) is provided with fertile mouth, and the Fei Kou position that falls is fixedly connected with fertigation unit (25); (25) are provided with driving sprocket wheel to fertigation unit, and driving sprocket wheel is fixedly connected with fertilising live axle (26), driving sprocket wheel are socketed with fertilising chain harrow (28); Fertilising live axle (26) is rotated and driving sprocket wheel will be driven to rotate, thus the fertilising chain harrow (28) be socketed on driving sprocket wheel also rotates thereupon, fertilizer in fertile case (24) the fertile mouth that passes through to fall is fallen in fertilising chain harrow (28), and follow fertilising chain harrow (28) travel forward, be positioned at fertilising chain harrow (28) position foremost, fertilising chain harrow (28) is turned round with driving sprocket wheel, and fertilizer will fall into field by fertilizer guiding tube (27).In seeding process, in order to ensure under different gait of march, dose keeps a definite value, just need when gait of march accelerates, the rotating speed of fertilising live axle (26) accelerates thereupon, namely carries fertile speed to accelerate, and the speed that fertilizer falls into field by fertilizer guiding tube (27) is also accelerated, thus adapt to gait of march faster, ensure the even of dose.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes of the present invention comprises filter (1), reduction valve (2), sequence valve, proportional flow control valve, oil hydraulic motor, safety valve (7), unloading valve (12), throttle valve (13), one-way cylinder (14), Pilot operated check valve (15), solenoid directional control valve (16), forced air cooler (17), tubular type one-way valve (18), Direct box (29) and sensor group; Described oil hydraulic motor comprises oil hydraulic motor M1 (5) and oil hydraulic motor M2 (10); Described oil hydraulic motor M1 (5) is connected with the sowing live axle (23) of sowing mechanism (4), drives sowing mechanism (4) to rotate; Described oil hydraulic motor M2 (10) is connected with the fertilising live axle (26) of fertilizing mechanism (9), drives fertilizing mechanism (9) to rotate; The filler opening end of hydraulic circuit is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet of filter (1) by node a, and hydraulic oil outlet one end of filter (1) is provided with node b; The hydraulic oil inlet end of described reduction valve (2) is connected with node b, the hydraulic oil outlet end of reduction valve (2) is provided with node c, unloading port's pipeline of reduction valve (2) is connected with the node f that the hydraulic oil circuit of hydraulic control system is arranged, and reduction valve (2) is for setting the maximum service pressure of oil hydraulic motor.
Described proportional flow control valve comprises proportional flow control valve a (6) and proportional flow control valve b (11), and sequence valve comprises sequence valve a (3) and sequence valve b (8), before proportional flow control valve a (6) and sequence valve a (3) are arranged at oil hydraulic motor M1 (5), the hydraulic oil inlet end of proportional flow control valve a (6) is connected with node c, the hydraulic oil outlet end of proportional flow control valve a (6) is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of sequence valve a (3), the hydraulic oil outlet end of sequence valve a (3) is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of oil hydraulic motor M1 (5), proportional flow control valve a (6) and sequence valve a (3) are mainly used in the rotating speed of hydraulic control motor M1 (5) and the lowest starting pressure of oil hydraulic motor M1 (5), ensure oil hydraulic motor M1 (5) smooth starting and stopping, before proportional flow control valve b (11) and sequence valve b (8) are arranged at oil hydraulic motor M2 (10), the hydraulic oil inlet end of proportional flow control valve b (11) is connected with node c, the hydraulic oil outlet end of proportional flow control valve b (11) is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of sequence valve b (8), the hydraulic oil outlet end of sequence valve b (8) is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of oil hydraulic motor M2 (10), proportional flow control valve b (11) and sequence valve b (8) are mainly used in the rotating speed of hydraulic control motor M2 (10) and the lowest starting pressure of oil hydraulic motor M2 (10), ensure oil hydraulic motor M2 (10) smooth starting and stopping, described oil hydraulic motor M1 (5) is connected with the node f that the hydraulic oil circuit of hydraulic control system is arranged with the hydraulic oil outlet end of oil hydraulic motor M2 (10).
One end of described throttle valve (13) is connected with node b, and the other end is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end node 1 of solenoid directional control valve (16); On described solenoid directional control valve (16) active chamber hydraulic fluid port i be connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve (15), the active chamber hydraulic fluid port j of solenoid directional control valve is connected with the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve (15), the return opening f of solenoid directional control valve is communicated with hydraulic oil circuit, the hydraulic oil outlet end of Pilot operated check valve (15) is provided with node k, the hydraulic oil interface of one-way cylinder (14) is connected with node k, by controlling solenoid directional control valve (16), the switching of one-way cylinder (14) in-line and return line can be realized; Described one-way cylinder (14) is connected with kind case, controls lifting and falling action of kind of case.
The node f that described hydraulic oil circuit is arranged is connected with forced air cooler (17) hydraulic oil inlet end, the hydraulic oil outlet end of described forced air cooler (17) is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of tubular type one-way valve (18), the hydraulic oil outlet end of tubular type one-way valve (18) is connected with the return opening of hydraulic circuit, tubular type one-way valve (18) is arranged at the return opening place of hydraulic circuit, oil inlet pipe and return tube wrong when docking with power equipment for preventing hydraulic control system, tubular type one-way valve (18) will guarantee that hydraulic circuit cannot be opened, hydraulic control system is protected.
The hydraulic oil inlet end of described safety valve (7) is connected with node b, and the hydraulic oil outlet end of safety valve (7) is connected with node f, for the maximum service pressure of hydraulic control control system.
The hydraulic oil inlet end of described unloading valve (12) is connected with node b, and the hydraulic oil outlet end of unloading valve (12) is connected with node f, and when hydraulic control system does not work, unloading valve (12) is in unloading condition; Hydraulic system is started working, and unloading valve (12) is in closed condition, and system pressure is increased to working state pressure fast.
As shown in Figure 5, described sensor group comprise sowing speed probe (37), fertilising speed probe (38), wheel speed sensor (39) and position limit switch (40); Described sowing speed probe (37) is arranged on sowing mechanism (4), for the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring sowing mechanism (4); Described fertilising speed probe (38) is arranged in Fertilization Structure (9), for the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring fertilizing mechanism (9); Described ground wheel speed sensor (39) is arranged on land wheel, rotating speed when advancing for Real-Time Monitoring land wheel; Sowing speed probe (37), fertilising speed probe (38), wheel speed sensor (39) all will signal feed back to the control terminal arranged in Direct box (29), control terminal sows speed probe (37) signal and ground wheel speed sensor (39) signal by real time contrast, the control to oil hydraulic motor M1 (5) is realized by control ratio Flow valve, finally make sowing mechanism (4) rotation speed change and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately, ensure that plant is apart from the value being stabilized in original state setting; Control terminal to be applied fertilizer speed probe (38) signal and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, the control to oil hydraulic motor M2 (10) is realized by control ratio Flow valve, finally make the rotation speed change of fertilizing mechanism (9) and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately, ensure that dose is stabilized in the value of original state setting; Described position limit switch (40) is for setting the limit position lifting and fall of mainframe, electrical signal is fed back to control terminal by position limit switch (40), the feedback electrical signal of control terminal by receiving, judges whether the work of hydraulic control automatical control system; When mainframe lifts, when sowing machine is in non-sowing working state, position limit switch (40) by feedback signal back to control terminal, control terminal is after the feedback signal receiving position limit switch (40), cut off the signal that all the sensors collects, make hydraulic electric control system be in off position; When mainframe falls, sowing machine is in sowing working state, and control terminal, according to the feedback signal of position limit switch (40), starts and implements to gather each sensor signal, make hydraulic electric control system in running order.
As shown in Figure 5, described Direct box (29) is also provided with alarm (30), display screen (31), control key (32) and function selecting key (33); Direct box (29) is singly connected with fuse box (34), the control circuit in Direct box (29) and sowing speed probe (37), the speed probe (38) that applies fertilizer, wheel speed sensor (39), position limit switch (40), spray medicine motor (35), proportional flow control valve, unloading valve (12), solenoid directional control valve (16) and forced air cooler (17) and form and electrically connect; Control key (32) comprises power switch for controlling the open and close of power supply in Direct box, spray medicine switch is for controlling the open and close of spraying medicine motor, hopper switch is for controlling solenoid directional control valve work, by the job control to one-way cylinder, realize lifting and putting down of kind of case.
Claims (7)
1. for a hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes, it is characterized in that: comprise filter, reduction valve, sequence valve, proportional flow control valve, oil hydraulic motor, safety valve, unloading valve, throttle valve, one-way cylinder, Pilot operated check valve, solenoid directional control valve, forced air cooler, tubular type one-way valve, Direct box and sensor group; Described oil hydraulic motor comprises oil hydraulic motor M1 and oil hydraulic motor M2; Described oil hydraulic motor M1 is connected with the power intake of sowing mechanism, drives sowing mechanism to rotate; Described oil hydraulic motor M2 is connected with the power intake of fertilizing mechanism, drives fertilizing mechanism to rotate; The filler opening end of hydraulic circuit is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet of filter by node a, and hydraulic oil outlet one end of filter is provided with node b; The hydraulic oil inlet end of described reduction valve is connected with node b, the hydraulic oil outlet end of reduction valve is provided with node c, unloading port's pipeline of reduction valve is connected with the node f that the hydraulic oil circuit of hydraulic control system is arranged, and reduction valve is for setting the maximum service pressure of oil hydraulic motor; The hydraulic oil inlet end of described proportional flow control valve is connected with node c, the hydraulic oil outlet end of proportional flow control valve is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of sequence valve, the hydraulic oil outlet end of sequence valve is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of oil hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic oil outlet end of oil hydraulic motor is connected with the node f that the hydraulic oil circuit of hydraulic control system is arranged; Described proportional flow control valve and sequence valve all arrange two groups, two groups of proportional flow control valves are respectively used to the rotating speed of control two oil hydraulic motors, the pressure size of two groups of respective proportional flow control valve hydraulic oil outlet ends connected of sequence valve control end monitoring, the connection of the hydraulic circuit of two oil hydraulic motors is controlled respectively by pressure size, thus ensure that the lowest starting pressure of each oil hydraulic motor, oil hydraulic motor is started and stops steadily;
One end of described throttle valve is connected with node b, and the other end is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end 1 of solenoid directional control valve; The active chamber hydraulic fluid port i of described solenoid directional control valve is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve, the active chamber hydraulic fluid port j of solenoid directional control valve is connected with the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve, the return opening f of solenoid directional control valve is communicated with hydraulic oil circuit, the hydraulic oil outlet end of Pilot operated check valve is provided with node k, the hydraulic oil interface of one-way cylinder is connected with node k, by controlling solenoid directional control valve, the switching of one-way cylinder in-line and return line can be realized; Described one-way cylinder is connected with kind case, controls lifting and falling action of kind of case;
The node f that described hydraulic oil circuit is arranged is connected with forced air cooler hydraulic oil inlet end; the hydraulic oil outlet end of described forced air cooler is connected with the hydraulic oil inlet end of tubular type one-way valve; the hydraulic oil outlet end of tubular type one-way valve is connected with the return opening of hydraulic circuit; tubular type one-way valve is arranged at the return opening place of hydraulic circuit; oil inlet pipe and return tube wrong when docking with power equipment for preventing hydraulic control system; tubular type one-way valve will guarantee that hydraulic circuit cannot be opened, and protect hydraulic control system and forced air cooler.
2. a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sensor group comprise sowing speed probe, fertilising speed probe, wheel speed sensor and position limit switch; Described sowing speed probe is arranged on sowing mechanism, for the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring sowing mechanism; Described fertilising speed probe is arranged in Fertilization Structure, for the rotating speed of Real-Time Monitoring fertilizing mechanism; Described ground wheel speed sensor is arranged on land wheel, rotating speed when advancing for Real-Time Monitoring land wheel; Sowing speed probe, fertilising speed probe, the control terminal that all will arrange in signal feed back to Direct box of wheel speed sensor, control terminal sows signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, the control to oil hydraulic motor M1 is realized by control ratio Flow valve, finally make sowing mechanism rotation speed change and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately, ensure that plant is apart from the value being stabilized in original state setting; Control terminal to be applied fertilizer signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, the control to oil hydraulic motor M2 is realized by control ratio Flow valve, finally make the rotation speed change of fertilizing mechanism and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately, ensure that dose is stabilized in the value of original state setting; Described position limit switch is for setting the limit position lifting and fall of mainframe, and electrical signal is fed back to control terminal by position limit switch, and the feedback electrical signal of control terminal by receiving, judges whether the work of hydraulic control automatical control system; When mainframe lifts, when sowing machine is in non-sowing working state, position limit switch is by feedback signal back to control terminal, and control terminal is after the feedback signal receiving position limit switch, cut off the signal that all the sensors collects, make hydraulic electric control system be in off position; When mainframe falls, sowing machine is in sowing working state, and control terminal, according to the feedback signal of position limit switch, starts and implements to gather each sensor signal, make hydraulic electric control system in running order.
3. a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hydraulic oil inlet end of described safety valve is connected with node b, the hydraulic oil outlet end of safety valve is connected with node f, for the maximum service pressure of hydraulic control control system.
4. a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hydraulic oil inlet end of described unloading valve is connected with node b, the hydraulic oil outlet end of unloading valve is connected with node f, and when hydraulic control system does not work, unloading valve is in unloading condition; Hydraulic system is started working, and unloading valve is in closed condition, and system pressure is increased to working state pressure fast.
5. a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described proportional flow control valve comprises proportional flow control valve a and proportional flow control valve b, sequence valve comprises sequence valve a and sequence valve b; Before proportional flow control valve a and sequence valve a is arranged at oil hydraulic motor M1, for the rotating speed of hydraulic control motor M1 and the lowest starting pressure of oil hydraulic motor M1, ensure oil hydraulic motor M1 smooth starting and stopping; Before proportional flow control valve b and sequence valve b is arranged at oil hydraulic motor M2, for the rotating speed of hydraulic control motor M2 and the lowest starting pressure of oil hydraulic motor M2, ensure oil hydraulic motor M2 smooth starting and stopping.
6. a kind of hydraulic control system for Sowing machine for potatoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Direct box is also provided with alarm, display screen, control key and function selecting key; Direct box is singly connected with fuse box, the control circuit in Direct box and sowing speed probe, the speed probe that applies fertilizer, wheel speed sensor, position limit switch, spray medicine motor, proportional flow control valve, unloading valve, solenoid directional control valve and forced air cooler form and electrically connect; Control key comprises power switch for controlling the open and close of power supply in Direct box, spray medicine switch is for controlling the open and close of spraying medicine motor, hopper switch, for controlling solenoid directional control valve work, by the job control to one-way cylinder, realizes lifting and putting down of kind of case.
7. be applicable to a controlling method for the hydraulic control system of Sowing machine for potatoes, it is characterized in that: comprise following rate-determining steps:
1) according to agriculture requirement, the dose needed when spacing in the rows and the sowing of potato planting is set, thus determine the linear corresponding relation of sowing mechanism rotational velocity and land wheel rotational velocity, determine the linear corresponding relation of fertilizing mechanism rotational velocity and land wheel rotational velocity;
2) by the maximum service pressure of safety valve setting hydraulic control control system, by the maximum service pressure of reduction valve setting oil hydraulic motor, by the lowest starting pressure of sequence valve setting oil hydraulic motor;
3) open hydraulic control system, unloading valve is in closed condition, and pressure oil enters hydraulic control system by filter, and hydraulic control system pressure is increased to working state pressure fast; Sowing machine advances, land wheel rotates, control terminal sows signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, realizes the control to oil hydraulic motor M1 by control ratio Flow valve a, finally makes sowing mechanism rotation speed change and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately; Control terminal to be applied fertilizer signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor by real time contrast, realize the control to oil hydraulic motor M2 by control ratio Flow valve b, finally make the rotation speed change of fertilizing mechanism and land wheel rotation speed change form closed loop control accurately;
4) hopper switch is opened, control solenoid directional control valve to be in one-way cylinder for oil condition, the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with pressure oil, the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with oil circuit, Pilot operated check valve is in unidirectional oil-feed state, and kind of a case lifts by one-way cylinder gradually; When kind case lifts and puts in place, control solenoid directional control valve and be in oil-break line state, the hydraulic oil pipeline of one-way cylinder is closed, thus bonding action oil cylinder remains on current position state; When kind of case will be put down, control solenoid directional control valve and be in oil return state, the oil circuit control of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with pressure oil, Pilot operated check valve is opened, the hydraulic oil inlet end of Pilot operated check valve is communicated with oil circuit, in one-way cylinder, hydraulic oil flows out oil cylinder by Pilot operated check valve, plants case and puts down gradually;
5) when hydraulic control system be in only sowing do not apply fertilizer state time, control system will close proportional flow control valve b, make oil hydraulic motor M2 be in off working state, only have oil hydraulic motor M1 to work, complete seeding operation in sowing machine advance process;
6) when hydraulic control system be in only fertilising do not sow state time, control system will close proportional flow control valve a, make oil hydraulic motor M1 be in off working state, only have oil hydraulic motor M2 to work, complete fertilising operation in sowing machine advance process;
7) when hydraulic control system is in discharging state, sowing machine halts, ground wheel speed is zero, control terminal will be abandoned implementing locality wheel speed sensor signal, and be fixed value by land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor setting parameter, control terminal, by contrast sowing signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor, carrys out hydraulic control motor M1 by control ratio Flow valve a and works, and realizes sowing mechanism and unloads kind of an operation; Control terminal, by contrast fertilising signals of rotational speed sensor and land wheel signals of rotational speed sensor, carrys out hydraulic control motor M2 by control ratio Flow valve b and works, and realizes fertilizing mechanism and unloads fertile operation.
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| CN104106331A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-22 | 河北农哈哈机械集团有限公司 | Hydraulic driving device for draught fan of pneumatic type seeding machine |
| CN104564508B (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2017-07-21 | 郑涵文 | Tidal power generating device |
| CN106342465A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-01-25 | 塔里木大学 | Hydraulic circuit of fertilizer applicator |
| CN107046818B (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2022-12-20 | 华中农业大学 | Hydraulic drive rotary cultivator with controllable speed ratio |
| CN107950103A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-24 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of intelligence control hydraulic-driven aspirated-air type winter wheat broadcasting device |
| CN109488658B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2023-08-25 | 岭南师范学院 | Hydraulic control system for dynamic seed metering device test bed |
| CN109892053A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-18 | 广西双高农机有限公司 | A kind of simple bud section sugarcane planting machine |
| CN117158175B (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2024-02-20 | 北京市农林科学院 | Fertilizing control method and device, electronic equipment and medium |
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| JP3204977B2 (en) * | 1992-03-09 | 2001-09-04 | 日立建機株式会社 | Hydraulic drive |
| US6748884B1 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2004-06-15 | Case, Llc | Automatic liquid fertilizer rate system |
| US6851377B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2005-02-08 | Cnh Canada Ltd. | Variable rate meter drive system |
| DE102004005606B3 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-10-06 | Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh | circuitry |
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| CN102167266B (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2013-07-24 | 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 | Main winch rapid-descent and confluent return oil regeneration system of rotary drilling rig |
| CN202172575U (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-03-28 | 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 | Seeding, fertilizing and mulching combine for wide-ridge and double-row planting of potatoes |
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| CN203374542U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-01 | 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 | Hydraulic control system for potato seeder |
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