CN103393401A - Living body eye retina high-resolution imaging system with two wavefront correctors - Google Patents
Living body eye retina high-resolution imaging system with two wavefront correctors Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a living body eye retina high-resolution imaging system with two wavefront correctors. The living body eye retina high-resolution imaging system with two wavefront correctors comprises a beacon luminous emission subsystem, a control subsystem and an illuminating imaging subsystem. The beacon luminous emission subsystem provides a beacon light source for eye aberration measuring and rectification. The control subsystem controls the two wavefront correctors to rectify eye aberration. A lighting source provides optical radiation and enters the eye lighting retina through an optical path, and an imaging system and a camera are used for shooting an eye ground retina high-resolution image. The two wavefront rectifying devices adopt different control algorithms. Based on a beacon optical image obtained by the imaging camera, the first wavefront rectifying device selects an objective function and performs controlling with the optimizing algorithm to rectify eye low-order aberration. After rectification is finished, the first wavefront corrector is kept fixed. Left eye aberration is measured by a wavefront sensor and the second wavefront rectifying device is controlled to rectify the left eye aberration in real time. After rectification is stable or reaches the preset value, the lighting imaging subsystem is started to shoot the eye ground retina high-resolution image. The living body eye retina high-resolution imaging system of the two wavefront rectifying devices effectively improves the aberration rectifying capability of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adaptive optics fundus imaging technology,, for appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before a kind of double wave, can be widely used in living human eye retina high resolution imaging.
Background technology
Except containing the low order aberrations such as out of focus, astigmatism, also contain the higher order aberratons component of can not ignore in human eye aberration.The common Ophthalmologic apparatus such as commercialization fundus camera are merely able to static compensation low order human eye aberration at present, therefore whole optical resolution can not reach the diffraction limit level.Adaptive optical technique has made up this defect just, has directly promoted the development of ophthalmoscopic image and optometry.1997, the people such as D.R.Williams of U.S. Rochester university take the lead in adopting adaptive optics (Adaptive Optics in the world, AO) technology is corrected the human eye higher order aberratons, obtained to correct near High-resolution Retinal and traditional low order aberration of diffraction limit supervision (the Junzhong Liang that is beyond one's reach, David R.Williams, and Donald T.Miller, Supernormal vision and high-resolution retinal imaging through adaptive optics[J], J.Opt.Soc.Am.A, 14 (11), 2884-2892, 1997.).1999, the people such as Roorda of U.S. Rochester university utilize the adaptive optics fundus camera to study first distribution (the Roorda A of living human eye retina three cytochromes in the world, Williams DR., The arrangement of the three cone classes in the living human eye, Nature, 397:520-522,1999.), make visual science and vision physiological research carry out on the cell yardstick under condition of living organism for the first time.
Chinese patent CN1282564, CN1282565, CN1306796, CN13067967 has introduced several adaptive optical imaging systems, adopt Hartmann wave front sensor to measure human eye aberration, proofread and correct the survey aberration with deformation reflection mirror, then use the CCD imaging, realize the living human eye retina high resolution imaging near diffraction limit.Said system all adopts single wave-front corrector to proofread and correct human eye aberration, according to statistics, human eye aberration rises and falls very large with the crowd, out of focus can reach ± 10D, astigmatism ± 5D, and the PV value can reach 25 μ m, yet be subjected to the restriction of wave-front corrector production technique, single wave-front corrector calibration capability is limited, can't proofread and correct by the complete independently human eye aberration, makes system be difficult to be applicable to large-scale crowd.publication number be CN2728418 Introduction To Cn Patent a kind of precompensation device carry out the correcting value of increase system to low order aberration, but such device need to be changed the precorrection eyeglass frequently, complicated operation, what is more important, the insertion of compensating plate can change the optical conjugate position of human eye pupil and Wavefront sensor and wave-front corrector, thereby reduce the accuracy of human eye aberration measurement and the calibration result of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS, become with low order aberration that large this to affect meeting more serious, make system only can be in laboratory to the specific human eye of fraction very, obtain desirable aberration correction effect, therefore the mode of inserted sheet precompensation can't be applied to large-scale crowd.Publication number be CN101612032A Introduction To Cn Patent a kind of adaptive optics retina imaging system based on bimorph deformable mirror, this system adopts two double-piezoelectric plate deformed reflecting mirror as wave-front corrector, thereby improves the calibration capability of system.This system all is based on the human eye aberration of Wavefront sensor measurement gained to the control of two wave-front correctors, but when human eye aberration is larger, Wavefront sensor measurement accuracy meeting variation, thereby have a strong impact on the calibration result of system, need to eliminate two coupling effects between wave-front corrector when this system is controlled two wave-front correctors simultaneously, control procedure is comparatively complicated.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose the front appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system of a kind of double wave, effectively improved the aberration correcting capability of system, enlarge its crowd's scope of application, and system is simple, is easy to realize.
technical solution of the present invention: appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before a kind of double wave, the imaging system that adopts comprises near-infrared beacon light source 1, the first collimating mirror 2, beacon beam hurdle 3, the first spectroscope 4, lighting source 5, the second collimating mirror 6, plane mirror 7, the second spectroscope 8, the first wave-front corrector 9, first lens 10, the first confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 11, the second lens 12, the 3rd lens 13, the 4th lens 14, the second wave-front corrector 15, the 5th lens 16, the second confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 17, the 6th lens 18, the 3rd spectroscope 19, imaging len 20, imaging camera 21, the 7th lens 22, the 8th lens 23, Wavefront sensor 24 and the control device 27 that is formed by control circuit 25 and PC 26,
Imaging process of the present invention comprises three phases: human eye low order aberration calibration phase, human eye higher order aberratons calibration phase and retina high resolution imaging stage;
In human eye low order aberration calibration phase, near-infrared beacon light source 1 sends beacon beam, by accurate the first collimating mirror 2 collimation, through beacon beam hurdle 3, the first spectroscope 4, the second spectroscope 8, the first wave-front corrector 9, first lens 10, the first confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 11 and the second lens 12 enter human eye 28 pupils; The light of human eye 28 fundus reflexes, former road is back to the second spectroscope 8, through the 3rd lens 13, the 4th lens 14, the second wave-front corrector 15, the 5th lens 16, the second confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 17, the 6th lens 18, the 3rd spectroscope 19, imaging len 20, form the beacon beam image at imaging camera 21, control device 27 reads beacon beam image calculation object function and calls optimizing algorithm control the first wave-front corrector 9 and complete the correction of human eye low order wave aberration;
After the correction of human eye low order wave aberration is completed, keep the first wave-front corrector 9 motionless, enter human eye high-rank wavefront aberration calibration phase, the light of human eye 28 fundus reflexes arrives Wavefront sensor 24 after the 3rd spectroscope 19, the 7th lens 22, the 8th lens 23, measure human eye residue wave aberration by Wavefront sensor 24, through control device 27, process, obtain the control voltage of the second wave-front corrector 15, produce the phase place variation through amplifying rear drive the second wave-front corrector 15, to proofread and correct the human eye high-rank wavefront aberration;
After completing the whole aberration corrections of human eye, enter the retina high resolution imaging stage, open the lighting source switch, the illumination light that lighting source 5 sends is by the second collimating mirror 6 collimations, arrive the first spectroscope 4 through plane mirror 7 reflections, then arrive the 3rd spectroscope 19 after the light path incident human eye identical with beacon beam 28 and reflection, imaging on imaging camera 21 after imaging len 20 focuses on.
Described object function adopts image sharpness function, far-field spot mean radius, far field peak value Si Telieer to compare function.
Described optimizing algorithm adopts simulated annealing, simplex method, pattern extraction algorithm or random paralleling gradient descent algorithm.
Described the first wave-front corrector 9 and the second wave-front corrector 15 are positioned at optical conjugate and place in system.
Described the first wave-front corrector 9 and the second wave-front corrector 15 are deformation reflection mirror, liquid crystal wavefront corrector, little film processed distorting lens, micro electronmechanical distorting lens, double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens or liquid distorting lens.
Described Wavefront sensor 24 is Hartmann wave front sensor, the Hartmann wave front sensor based on microprism array, curvature Wavefront sensor or the pyramid Wavefront sensor based on microlens array.
Described beacon beam hurdle 3 is annular or paraxonic beacon beam hurdle.
The principle of the invention: the present invention proposes the front appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system of a kind of double wave, comprising: beacon beam emission subsystem, comprise near-infrared beacon light source, annular or paraxonic beacon beam hurdle, and be used for human eye aberration and measure and proofread and correct; Human eye aberration syndrome system, comprise two wave-front correctors and control device, is used for proofreading and correct aberration of human eye; The illumination imaging subsystems, comprise lighting source, imaging len and imaging camera, is used for the illumination optical fundus, takes retina high resolution image.To the light path between the imaging camera, the confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle is set at human eye, is used for eliminating eye cornea back reflected laser and restriction imaging viewing field.
Described human eye aberration syndrome system, formed by two wave-front correctors, the first wave-front corrector stroke is large, spatial resolution is low, be used for proofreading and correct human eye low order aberration (defocus and astigmatism), the second wave-front corrector stroke is little, spatial resolution is high, is used for proofreading and correct human eye residual aberration (take the higher order aberratons except defocus and astigmatism as main), and two wave-front correctors optical conjugate in system is placed.
Described human eye aberration syndrome system control device, control two wave-front correctors and proofread and correct human eye aberration.The first wave-front corrector, based on the beacon beam image that is obtained by the imaging camera, is chosen object function and is utilized optimizing algorithm to control, and proofreaies and correct the human eye low order aberration; The second wave-front corrector, based on the measurement result of Wavefront sensor, utilizes direct Slope Method to control, and proofreaies and correct human eye residual aberration (take higher order aberratons as main);
The present invention compared with prior art has advantages of:
(1) two wave-front correctors of the present invention adopt different control algolithms, and the first wave-front corrector, based on the beacon beam image that is obtained by the imaging camera, is chosen object function and utilized optimizing algorithm to control to proofread and correct the human eye low order aberration; After correction is completed, keep the first wave-front corrector motionless, by Wavefront sensor, measure the residue human eye aberration, control the second wave-front corrector real time correction residue human eye aberration, after proofreading and correct stable or reaching setting value, start the illumination imaging subsystems, take optical fundus retina high resolution image.The present invention has effectively improved the aberration correcting capability of system.
(2) the present invention adopts double wave front calibrator to proofread and correct respectively human eye low order and higher order aberratons, has effectively improved the aberration correcting capability of system, enlarges its crowd's scope of application.
(3) the present invention adopts two kinds of different control algolithms respectively the first wave-front corrector and the second wave-front corrector to be controlled, and completes the correction to human eye low order aberration and higher order aberratons, realizes living human eye retina high resolution imaging.
(4), based on the human eye low order aberration optimal control correcting algorithm of beacon beam image, overcome an aberration correction difficult problem large when the human eye low order aberration, when the Wavefront sensor measurement accuracy is poor.
(5) be used for the large stroke wave-front corrector that the human eye low order aberration proofreaies and correct and have the focusing function concurrently, by the match out of focus, can realize easily tomography to retina different depth layer, without the focusing moving component, system is simple, is easy to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is composition structural principle block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 carries out the SPGD optimizing for a certain concrete human eye low order aberration in the present invention to control the beacon beam image that the front and back camera obtains, and wherein (a) is the beacon beam image while not carrying out aberration correction, is (b) that the beacon beam image after finishing is controlled in the SPGD optimizing;
Fig. 3 adopts the first wave-front corrector match out of focus to realize the longitudinal scanning schematic diagram of imaging region in the present invention.
The specific embodiment
, for clear detailed elaboration implementation procedure of the present invention, some specific embodiments of the invention have below been provided.To a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, having omitted in the description process is unnecessary details and function for the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, to prevent that the understanding of the present invention from causing, obscures.
as shown in Figure 1, before double wave, appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system is by near-infrared beacon light source 1, collimating mirror 2, beacon beam hurdle 3, the first spectroscope 4, lighting source 5, collimating mirror 6, plane mirror 7, the second spectroscope 8, the first wave-front corrector 9, first lens 10, the first confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 11, the second lens 12, the 3rd lens 13, the 4th lens 14, the second wave-front corrector 15, the 5th lens 16, the second confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 17, the 6th lens 18, the 3rd spectroscope 19, imaging len 20, imaging camera 21, the 7th lens 22, the 8th lens 23, Wavefront sensor 24 and the control device 27 that is formed by control circuit 25 and PC 26.Human eye is with Reference numeral 28 signs.
Can comprise three phases according to appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system work process before double wave of the present invention: human eye low order aberration calibration phase, human eye higher order aberratons calibration phase and retina high resolution imaging stage.
In human eye low order aberration calibration phase, near-infrared beacon light source 1 sends beacon beam, by the first collimating mirror 2 collimation, through beacon beam hurdle 3, the first spectroscope 4, the second spectroscope 8, the first wave-front corrector 9, first lens 10, the first confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 11, the second lens 12 enter human eye 28 pupils; The light of human eye 28 fundus reflexes, former road is back to the second spectroscope 8, through the 3rd lens 13, the 4th lens 14, the second wave-front corrector 15, the 5th lens 16, confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle 17, the 6th lens 18, the 3rd spectroscope 19, imaging len 20, form the beacon beam image at imaging camera 21, control device 27 reads beacon beam image calculation object function and calls optimizing algorithm control the first wave-front corrector 9 and complete the correction of human eye low order wave aberration.Below use image sharpness as object function, take stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, illustrate the trimming process of human eye low order aberration as example as optimizing algorithm.
At first the objective definition function is:
Wherein I (x, y) is the light intensity value that the beacon beam image is located at point (x, y).Owing to only needing to proofread and correct human eye low order aberration (out of focus and astigmatism) herein, be expressed as the 3rd, 4,5 with the Zernike aberration, represent its Zernike coefficient with a3, a4, a5.Object function J is for controlling the function of vector a=(a3, a4, a5).In order to make object function reach maximum, adopt bilateral disturbance SPGD algorithm to carry out optimizing to it, its m+1 time iterative process is as follows: produce random disturbance △ a=(△ a3, △ a4, △ a5), obtain the interim vector a that controls
+=a
m+ △ a, a
-=a
m-△ a; By interim control vector a
+, a
-Calculate interim control voltage V
+, V
-, amplifying rear drive the first wave-front corrector through control circuit and produce the phase place variation, the imaging camera obtains interim beacon beam image and calculates transient target function J (a
+) and J (a
-), J (a wherein
+) and J (a
-) be respectively when controlling vector and get a
+And a
+The time target function value that obtains; Upgrade and control vector a
m+1=a
m+ λ (△ J) △ a, wherein λ is gain coefficient, △ J=J (a
+)-J (a
-).This iterative process continues to carry out until object function no longer becomes greatly or iteration predetermined number of times.Fig. 2 provided for a certain concrete human eye low order aberration carry out the SPGD optimizing control before and after the beacon beam image that obtains of camera, the beacon beam image of Fig. 2 (a) when not carrying out aberration correction, Fig. 2 (b) controls beacon beam image after end for the SPGD optimizing.
After the correction of human eye low order wave aberration is completed, keep the first wave-front corrector 9 motionless, enter human eye high-rank wavefront aberration calibration phase.The light of human eye 28 fundus reflexes arrives Wavefront sensor 24 after the 3rd spectroscope 19, the 7th lens 22, the 8th lens 23, measure human eye residue wave aberration by Wavefront sensor 24, process through control device 27, obtain the control voltage of the second wave-front corrector 15, produce the phase place variation through amplifying rear drive the second wave-front corrector 15, to proofread and correct the human eye high-rank wavefront aberration.
After completing the whole aberration corrections of human eye, enter the retina high resolution imaging stage.Open the lighting source switch, the illumination light that lighting source 5 sends is by the second collimating mirror 6 collimations, arrive the first spectroscope 4 through plane mirror 7 reflections, then arrive the 3rd spectroscope 19 after the light path incident human eye identical with beacon beam and reflection, imaging on imaging camera 21 after imaging len 20 focuses on.
Sometimes not only need the cellular layer imaging in to amphiblestroid imaging process, also need vascular lamina is observed, and this two-layer vertical degree of depth is different, need system to regulate different focal lengths and carry out imaging respectively.In system, the interpolation focusing moving components that adopt were completed more in the past, had increased the complexity of system.Fig. 3 adopts the first wave-front corrector 9 match out of focus to realize the longitudinal scanning schematic diagram of imaging region in this example.Before the first wave-front corrector 9 not match out of focus, the one-tenth image focus of system is positioned at P point place, and after the out of focus distortion that extra generation amplitude is D, the one-tenth image focus of system moves to Q point place, between the two be the degree of depth of focusing apart from d, out of focus amplitude D can be definite by the design parameter of system with the relation of focusing between depth d.Thereby the continuous controllable variations that therefore by controlling the extra out of focus distortion of the first wave-front corrector match, just can be embodied as the picture depth of focus realizes the different layers longitudinal scanning to retinal tissue.
wave- front corrector 9 and 15 can be from deformation reflection mirror (Deformable reflective mirror), liquid crystal wavefront appliance (Liquid crystal wavefront corrector), little film processed distorting lens (Micromachined membrane deformable mirror), micro electronmechanical distorting lens (Microelectromechanical(MEMS) deformable mirror), double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens (Bimorph deformable mirror), select in liquid distorting lens (Liquid deformable mirror).
Object function can than be chosen from image sharpness function, far-field spot mean radius, far field peak value Si Telieer.
Optimizing algorithm can be chosen from simulated annealing, simplex method, pattern extraction algorithm, random paralleling gradient descent algorithm.
In a word, the present invention adopts double wave front calibrator to proofread and correct respectively human eye low order and higher order aberratons, has effectively improved the aberration correcting capability of system, enlarges its crowd's scope of application; , based on the human eye low order aberration optimal control correcting algorithm of beacon beam image, overcome an aberration correction difficult problem large when the human eye low order aberration, when the Wavefront sensor measurement accuracy is poor; Be used for the large stroke wave-front corrector that the human eye low order aberration proofreaies and correct and have the focusing function concurrently, by the match out of focus, can realize easily tomography to retina different depth layer, without the focusing moving component, system is simple, is easy to realize.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
So far invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments.Should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various other change, replacement and interpolations.Therefore, scope of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, and should be limited by claims.
Claims (7)
1. appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before a double wave, it is characterized in that: the imaging system that adopts comprises near-infrared beacon light source (1), the first collimating mirror (2), beacon beam hurdle (3), the first spectroscope (4), lighting source (5), the second collimating mirror (6), plane mirror (7), the second spectroscope (8), the first wave-front corrector (9), first lens (10), the first confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle (11), the second lens (12), the 3rd lens (13), the 4th lens (14), the second wave-front corrector (15), the 5th lens (16), the second confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle (17), the 6th lens (18), the 3rd spectroscope (19), imaging len (20), imaging camera (21), the 7th lens (22), the 8th lens (23), Wavefront sensor (24) and the control device (27) that is formed by control circuit (25) and PC (26),
Imaging process of the present invention comprises three phases: human eye low order aberration calibration phase, human eye higher order aberratons calibration phase and retina high resolution imaging stage;
In human eye low order aberration calibration phase, near-infrared beacon light source (1) sends beacon beam,, by the first collimating mirror (2) collimation, through beacon beam hurdle (3), the first spectroscope (4), the second spectroscope (8), the first wave-front corrector (9), first lens (10), the first confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle (11) and the second lens (12), enter human eye (28) pupil; The light of human eye (28) fundus reflex, former road is back to the second spectroscope (8), through the 3rd lens (13), the 4th lens (14), the second wave-front corrector (15), the 5th lens (16), the second confocal wave-filtration optical hurdle (17), the 6th lens (18), the 3rd spectroscope (19), imaging len (20), form the beacon beam image at imaging camera (21), control device (27) reads beacon beam image calculation object function and calls optimizing algorithm control the first wave-front corrector (9) and complete the correction of human eye low order wave aberration;
After the correction of human eye low order wave aberration is completed, keep the first wave-front corrector (9) motionless, enter human eye high-rank wavefront aberration calibration phase, the light of human eye (28) fundus reflex arrives Wavefront sensor (24) after the 3rd spectroscope (19), the 7th lens (22), the 8th lens (23), measure human eye residue wave aberration by Wavefront sensor (24), process through control device (27), obtain the control voltage of the second wave-front corrector (15), produce the phase place variation through amplifying rear drive the second wave-front corrector (15), to proofread and correct the human eye high-rank wavefront aberration;
After completing the whole aberration corrections of human eye, enter the retina high resolution imaging stage, open the lighting source switch, the illumination light that lighting source (5) sends is collimated by the second collimating mirror (6), arrive the first spectroscope (4) through plane mirror (7) reflection, then arrive the 3rd spectroscope (19) after the light path incident human eye (28) identical with beacon beam and reflection, after imaging len (20) focuses in upward imaging of imaging camera (21).
2. appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before double wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described object function adopts image sharpness function, far-field spot mean radius, far field peak value Si Telieer to compare function.
3. before double wave according to claim 1, appliance living human eye retina high resolution becomes system, it is characterized in that: described optimizing algorithm adopts simulated annealing, simplex method, pattern extraction algorithm or random paralleling gradient descent algorithm.
4. appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before double wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first wave-front corrector (9) and the second wave-front corrector (15) are positioned at the optical conjugate placement in system.
5. appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before according to claim 1 or 4 described double waves, it is characterized in that: described the first wave-front corrector (9) and the second wave-front corrector (15) are deformation reflection mirror, liquid crystal wavefront corrector, little film processed distorting lens, micro electronmechanical distorting lens, double piezoelectric ceramic distorting lens or liquid distorting lens.
6. appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before double wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Wavefront sensor (24) is for based on the Hartmann wave front sensor of microlens array, Hartmann wave front sensor, curvature Wavefront sensor or pyramid Wavefront sensor based on microprism array.
7. appliance living human eye retina high resolution imaging system before double wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described beacon beam hurdle (3) is annular or paraxonic beacon beam hurdle.
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| CN104352214A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Wavefront modulation dark field self-adapted optical retina imager |
| CN105637532A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-06-01 | 北京旷视科技有限公司 | Vivo detection method, vivo detection system and computer program product |
| CN109431459A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-08 | 中山联合光电科技股份有限公司 | A kind of novel ocular bottom imaging lens |
| CN109893083A (en) * | 2019-03-10 | 2019-06-18 | 长兴爱之瞳医疗科技有限公司 | Objective human eye wavefront aberration measurement system and method |
| CN112043232A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-08 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Objective measuring apparatu of adaptive optics people's eye scattering |
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