CN103392445A - Self-walking type corn harvester - Google Patents
Self-walking type corn harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392445A CN103392445A CN2013103218884A CN201310321888A CN103392445A CN 103392445 A CN103392445 A CN 103392445A CN 2013103218884 A CN2013103218884 A CN 2013103218884A CN 201310321888 A CN201310321888 A CN 201310321888A CN 103392445 A CN103392445 A CN 103392445A
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- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 68
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 21
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000016952 Ear injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-walking type corn harvester which comprises a rack, an engine, a travelling system, a header, a corn husking device, a side overturning grain tank and a lift conveyor. The engine is positioned in the middle of the rack, the travelling system is connected with the output end of the engine through an operating system, the header is positioned at the front end of the rack, the corn husking device is positioned on the upward side behind the rack, the side overturning grain tank is positioned at the tail end of the rack, and the lift conveyor is positioned in the middle of the rack. The lower end of the lift conveyor is connected with an outlet of the header, the upper end of the lift conveyor is connected with an inlet of the corn husking device, and an outlet of the corn husking device is in butt joint with an upper opening of the side overturning grain tank. The self-walking type corn harvester has the advantages that straw with clusters picked can be cut to return to a field anytime, external husks of the clusters with husks conveyed by the lift conveyor are cleaned up so as to avoid follow-up using of a special husker for husking, and a forced feeder and a cluster picker both arranged on the header share a same transmission device, so that structure is simplified, transmission efficiency is higher, corn husks can be directly smashed to return to the field, follow-up collection of the corn husks for smashing is avoided, efficiency is improved, and energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to harvest corn special equipment technical field, particularly a kind of self walking type maize harvesting machine.
Background technology
Maize harvesting machine is when corn is ripe, with machinery, corn once to be completed to harvesting, heap, stalk once to go back the agricultural machinery of the multi-mode operations such as field, its technological process is, with maize harvesting machine, under the corn growth state, carry out harvesting (being called station stalk harvesting), under the effect of snapping bar, the fruit ear handle is pulled off, fruit ear is delivered to fruit-ear box, and fruit ear is filled rear unpacking Ji Dui.then fruit ear is transported on field, with debarker, carry out peeling, threshing after airing, existing maize harvesting machine driven force can be divided into backpack and self walking type in form, general Backpack-type maize harvester power resources are in tractor, belong to mini-plant, operating efficiency is low, can not adapt to the large tracts of land operation, although existing self walking type maize harvesting machine can adapt to the large tracts of land operation, but its complex structure, price is higher, and can not carry out simultaneously the fruit ear peeling, maize peel is pulverized and crushed stalk, can only carry out spike collecting, gather in the crops the complete crushing straw that also needs later, use independently debarker to carry out the fruit ear peeling, efficiency is lower, simultaneously because there is certain difference in various places corn planting line-spacing, the large-scale maize harvesting machine of import can not adapt to the variation of line-spacing, bad adaptability.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of self walking type maize harvesting machine, can carry out simultaneously the pulverizing of harvesting, peeling, straw cutting and maize peel, without follow-up peeling and the crushed stalk of carrying out, improves operating efficiency and adaptability.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of self walking type maize harvesting machine, driving system, the ceding of Taiwan that is positioned at the frame front end, the corn peeling device that is positioned at the frame back upper place that comprise frame, be positioned at the engine of central rack, is connected by control system with the engine output, be positioned at the rollover tanker of frame tail end and the elevator that is positioned at central rack, the elevator lower end is connected with ceding of Taiwan delivery outlet, dock with the corn peeling device entrance elevator upper end, the outlet of described corn peeling device with turn on one's side that tanker is suitable for reading to be docked.
The described ceding of Taiwan comprises ceding of Taiwan frame, on the main plane of described ceding of Taiwan frame, equidistantly be placed with two groups of above ear-picking units, the head of each ear-picking unit all has feeding unit by spline joint, between adjacent ear-picking unit, by universal coupling with spider, connect, the front lower place of described ear-picking unit is provided with outstanding cutting apparatus.
The rear end of described ceding of Taiwan frame is hinged by means of parallel four-bar linkage and frame, in hinged place, is provided be used to driving the hydraulic cylinder of ceding of Taiwan frame lifting.
Described feeding unit comprises rice-pulling chain, dials standing grain case, drive sprocket, driven sprocket and tensioning apparatus, described group of standing grain case is fixed on ceding of Taiwan frame, the output shaft of dialling the standing grain case is connected with drive sprocket, described drive sprocket drives driven sprocket by rice-pulling chain and rotates, rice-pulling chain is provided with moving tooth, described tensioning apparatus is supported in driven sprocket and dials between the standing grain case, described rice-pulling chain, group standing grain case, drive sprocket, driven sprocket and tensioning apparatus are two covers, two covers are splayed to be arranged, the moving tooth of two covering devices is interlaced.
Described ear-picking unit comprises harvesting case and two snapping bars, two snapping bar surface winding screw shape ribs, and be arranged in parallel, the right-hand member of two snapping bars all is connected with the harvesting case, and the left end of two snapping bars joins with the joining place of feeding unit respectively.
The connected mode of described snapping bar and harvesting case is the open type connected mode that the pipe sphere adds bearing pin, the output of described harvesting case is two harvesting spindle noses, harvesting spindle nose end is the chondritic that is provided with through hole, bearing pin is arranged in the through hole of harvesting spindle nose, in one end endoporus of snapping bar connection harvesting case, be welded to connect cover, described adapter sleeve is tubulose, one end of adapter sleeve is provided with the U-shaped opening groove by radial centre lines, and bearing pin two ends equipped wear-resistant block respectively are arranged in the U-shaped opening groove of adapter sleeve.
Described maize harvesting machine apparatus for peeling off, comprise peeling frame, charging aperture and peeling rollers, described peeling rollers replaces adjacent parallel by two rubber rolls and two iron rolls and arranges, form groove, all there is rubber roll and the iron roll of a pair of move toward one another on both sides, described iron roll is divided into previous section and aft section, and its previous section is provided with projection, and the aft section surface is provided with rubber bumps; And be provided with the above carding roller that advances, be positioned at peeling rollers directly over, its axially and peeling rollers axially perpendicular, peeling rollers all is connected with power with the carding roller that advances, described rubber roll surface is provided with block-shaped protrusion; The projection of described iron roll previous section is the matts projection, the rubber bumps of aft section is spiral salient and the strip bulge laid vertically, described each carding roller that advances axially on evenly be laid with the combing star-wheel, the combing star-wheel on the adjacent carding roller that advances is staggered.
The rear end of described peeling frame also is equipped with ear poking roller, and described ear poking roller is positioned at the axle head of peeling rollers, and it is axial vertical with peeling rollers axially, and described ear poking roller is provided with the scraper plate more than individual, and described ear poking roller is connected with power.
The below of described peeling frame is equipped with conveying auger, conveying auger be positioned at peeling rollers under, it is axially axially vertical with peeling rollers, and is connected with power.
Described corn peeling device also comprises the maize peel reducing mechanism, it comprises the pulverizing casing, be fixed on the stationary knife group on described pulverizing casing inner wall, be arranged on the cutter shaft in described pulverizing casing and be fixed in the movable cutter set on cutter shaft by means of axle sleeve, described movable cutter set and stationary knife group are crisscross arranged, described stationary knife group comprises the stationary knife of three groups of even Heterogeneous Permutations, and described stationary knife is vertically fixed on the inwall at cracker shell outlet place; Described movable cutter set comprises the moving knife of four groups of symmetrical Heterogeneous Permutations on cutter shaft, and each movable cutter set comprises two moving knife, and described moving knife vertically is fixed on the axle sleeve of described cutter shaft; The blade position of described moving knife extend in the gap that forms between described stationary knife, and the knife face of described stationary knife is trapezoidal, and the knife face of described moving knife is trapezoidal.
Described outstanding cutting apparatus comprises and is fixed on ceding of Taiwan frame horizontal one be ranked cutter and be positioned at the stationary knife front and moving knife in parallel, and described moving knife is fixed on movable arbor, and described movable arbor is fixed on ceding of Taiwan frame biside plate bearing block, and its axis is parallel with described stationary knife; Described movable arbor comprises that two ends are fixed with the cutter shaft pipe of spindle nose, vertically are fixed in one on cutter shaft pipe row and strengthen disk and be fixed on the moving knife fixed block of strengthening on disk, the center line of described reinforcement disk overlaps with the center line of movable arbor, and described moving knife is fixed on the moving knife fixed block.
Described moving knife is three rows, along the circumference uniform distribution of movable arbor; Described reinforcement disk is provided with three equally distributed right-angle notchs, and described moving knife fixed block is fixed on to be strengthened on the corresponding straight flange of disk right-angle notch, and described moving knife is bolted on the reinforcement disk.
Described stationary knife, moving knife fixed block and moving knife are strip, and described moving knife is more than two, and described stationary knife is that two the above movable arbors are by being located at the chain wheel drive rotation of spindle nose.
described control system comprises the output control of engine power bar, the fast control lever of height, taiwan cut off and landing control lever and tanker elevating control bar, described output control of engine power bar tail end was exported axle by trombone slide and power and was connected, the other end that power was exported axle is connected with transmission case, the fast control lever of height is crossed the interior high low speed mechanism of axle and drive axle through walked axle and high low speed and is connected, the taiwan cut off and landing control lever all is connected with banked direction control valves by trombone slide with tanker elevating control bar, banked direction control valves is connected with hydraulic plumbing system, the described gear level that also comprises, described gear level pulls the interior central siphon of the axle of walking by stud, describedly also comprise secondary clutch pedal, described secondary clutch pedal is crossed axle by trombone slide with the secondary clutch of laterally settling and is connected, the end that central siphon in axle is crossed in secondary clutch is connected with the clutch of drive axle by trombone slide, also comprise brake pedal, described brake pedal is connected with the axle that braked by trombone slide, the interior central siphon of the axle that braked is connected with the braking mechanism of drive axle by trombone slide.
Described hydraulic plumbing system comprises Monostable valve and banked direction control valves, described Monostable valve is cross valve, the import of Monostable valve is communicated with pump, outlet of Monostable valve is communicated with hydraulic oil container, another outlet is through steering gear and steering cylinder hydraulic return fuel tank, the 3rd outlet is through banked direction control valves hydraulic return fuel tank, and described banked direction control valves is provided with the loop that is communicated with the tanker oil cylinder of turning on one's side, and also is provided with the loop that is communicated with ceding of Taiwan oil cylinder.
Described rollover tanker is positioned at the frame tail end, and its lower end one side is hinged with the frame of a corresponding side, between its other both sides and frame, is provided for making its rollover tanker oil cylinder around the jointed shaft rollover.
Described elevator comprises shell and the carrier chain of being located in shell, and dock with the auger outlet of ceding of Taiwan bottom described carrier chain lower end, and dock with the import of corn peeling device top its upper end.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) rotary cutting apparatus is set below the ceding of Taiwan, can without carrying out specially crushed stalk, improves operating efficiency after the straw cutting that will extract at any time fruit ear field also, save the energy.
(2) at the frame rear, corn peeling device is set, can cleans out by the outside pericarp of the belt leather fruit ear that elevator is carried, avoid the special debarker peeling of follow-up use, raise the efficiency, save the energy.
(3) the pressure feeding unit that arranges in the ceding of Taiwan and ear-picking unit adopt same transmission mechanism, simplified structure, and transmission efficiency is higher.
And the supporting maize peel reducing mechanism that arranges of corn peeling device (4), can avoid follow-up special collection maize peel to pulverize the direct chopping and returning of maize peel, raise the efficiency, save the energy.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ceding of Taiwan structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the ear-picking unit structural representation;
Fig. 4 is snapping bar and harvesting case syndeton schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the apparatus for peeling off structural representation;
Fig. 7 is the peeling rollers structural representation;
Fig. 8 is the moving knife structural representation of outstanding cutting apparatus;
Fig. 9 is outstanding cutting apparatus mounting structure schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is the control system structural representation;
Figure 11 is control system hydraulic pipeline structure schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is maize peel reducing mechanism structural representation;
In the accompanying drawings: 1, front-wheel; 2, frame; 3, engine; 4, maize peel reducing mechanism; 4-1, pulverizing casing; 4-2, axle sleeve; 4-3, discharging opening; 4-4, stationary knife; 4-5, cutter shaft; 4-6, moving knife; 5, trailing wheel; 6, rollover tanker; 7, corn peeling device; 7-1, charging aperture; 7-2, peeling frame; 7-3, peeling rollers; 7-4, conveying auger; 7-5, ear poking roller; 7-6, carding roller advances; 7-7, scraper plate; 7-8, combing star-wheel; 7-9, projection; 7-10, iron roll; 7-11, rubber roll; 8, elevator; 9, bridge; 10, the ceding of Taiwan; 10-1, ceding of Taiwan frame; 10-2, ceding of Taiwan auger; 10-3, outstanding cutting apparatus; 10-3-1, reinforcement disk; 10-3-2, moving knife; 10-3-3, axle; 10-3-4, cutter shaft pipe; 10-3-5, spindle nose; 10-3-7, stationary knife; 10-3-8, described movable arbor; 10-4, ear-picking unit; 10-4-1, snapping bar; 10-4-2, harvesting case; 10-4-3, harvesting spindle nose; 10-4-4, bearing pin; 10-4-5, adapter sleeve; 10-4-6, wear-resistant block; 10-5, feeding unit; 10-5-1, rice-pulling chain; 10-5-2, group standing grain case; 10-5-3, drive sprocket; 10-5-4, driven sprocket; 10-5-5, tensioning apparatus; 11, output control of engine power bar; 12, the fast control lever of height; 13, taiwan cut off and landing control lever; 14, tanker elevating control bar; 15, gear level; 16, the axle of walking; 17, banked direction control valves; 18, high low speed is crossed axle; 19, power was exported axle; 20, the axle that braked; 21, transmission case; 22, axle is crossed in secondary clutch; 23, drive axle; 24, secondary clutch pedal; 25, brake pedal; 26, tanker oil cylinder; 27, equal tee; 28, hydraulic oil container; 29, steering cylinder; 30, steering gear; 31, ceding of Taiwan interface, 32, ceding of Taiwan oil cylinder; 33, tanker interface; 34, Monostable valve; 35, pump.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
in sum, the invention discloses a kind of self walking type maize harvesting machine (as shown in Figure 1), comprise frame 2, be positioned at the engine at frame 2 middle parts, the driving system that is connected with the engine output by control system, be positioned at the ceding of Taiwan 10 of frame 2 front ends, be positioned at the corn peeling device 7 of frame 2 back upper places, the elevator 8 that is positioned at the rollover tanker 6 of frame 2 tail ends and is positioned at frame 2 middle parts, elevator 8 lower ends are connected with the ceding of Taiwan 10 delivery outlets, dock with corn peeling device 7 entrances elevator 8 upper ends, 7 outlets of described corn peeling device with turn on one's side that tanker 6 is suitable for reading to be docked.
Described ceding of Taiwan 10(is as shown in Figure 2) comprise ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1, on the main plane of described ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1, equidistantly be placed with two groups of above ear-picking unit 10-4, the head of each ear-picking unit 10-4 all has feeding unit 10-5 by spline joint, between adjacent ear-picking unit 10-4, by universal coupling with spider, connect, the front lower place of described ear-picking unit 10-4 is provided with outstanding cutting apparatus 10-3.The rear end of described ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1 is hinged by means of parallel four-bar linkage and frame 2, in hinged place, is provided be used to driving the hydraulic cylinder of ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1 lifting.By rational arrangement space structure, outstanding cutting apparatus, ear-picking unit and feeding unit reasonably are arranged on ceding of Taiwan frame, the structural design of ceding of Taiwan frame self uniqueness, accomplished the maximization of effective utilization to working space, make its compact conformation; In the present invention, in feeding unit, use rice-pulling chain, utilize the chain transmission to realize the feeding of cornstalk, can, on the basis of shortening operating distance, guarantee to dial rationally, efficiently the standing grain ability; The splayed structure of feeding unit in addition, make the ceding of Taiwan no longer be limited by the line-spacing impact of milpa, and fringe is lost in the ceding of Taiwan in ear harvesting operation phenomenon is greatly alleviated; In ear-picking unit in the present invention, the snapping bar of open-close type has guaranteed that the ceding of Taiwan has high adaptability to various regional corn crops, and is interlaced between the feeding unit moving tooth, improves group standing grain performance of plate on rice-pulling chain.On ceding of Taiwan outer cover, distinctive servicing unit will play to the stalk of corn the effect of importing, righting, lodging-prevention and shunting.Make fruit ear carry out ear harvesting operation along with maize straw enters snapping bar smoothly.
Feeding unit in the present invention is through optimal design, operates steadily, noise is little.Rice-pulling chain 5-1 operating distance is short, efficiency is fast.Device is convenient to maintenance and maintenance, and part replacement is convenient.This feeding unit is through optimal design, have advantages of operate steadily, noise is little, be convenient to keep in repair and maintain, change conveniently, can not be to the fruit ear injury, be difficult for being wound around weeds
described feeding unit 10-5(is as shown in Figure 3) comprise rice-pulling chain 10-5-1, dial standing grain case 10-5-2, drive sprocket 10-5-3, driven sprocket 10-5-4 and tensioning apparatus 10-5-5, the described group of standing grain case 10-5-2 fixing with ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1 on, the output shaft of dialling standing grain case 10-5-2 is connected with drive sprocket 10-5-3, described drive sprocket 10-5-3 drives driven sprocket 10-5-4 by rice-pulling chain 10-5-1 and rotates, rice-pulling chain 10-5-1 is provided with moving tooth, described tensioning apparatus 10-5-5 is supported in driven sprocket 10-5-4 and dials between standing grain case 10-5-2, described rice-pulling chain 10-5-1, dial standing grain case 10-5-2, drive sprocket 10-5-3, driven sprocket 10-5-4 and tensioning apparatus 10-5-5 are two covers, two covers are splayed and arrange, the moving tooth of two covering devices is interlaced.Described ear-picking unit 10-4 comprises harvesting case 10-4-2 and two snapping bar 10-4-1, two snapping bar 10-4-1 surface winding screw shape ribs, and be arranged in parallel, the right-hand member end of two snapping bar 10-4-1 all connects in harvesting case 10-4-2, and the left end of two snapping bar 10-4-1 joins with the joining place of feeding unit 10-5 respectively.
the connected mode (as shown in Figures 4 and 5) of described snapping bar 10-4-1 and harvesting case 10-4-2 adds the open type connected mode of bearing pin for pipe-sphere, the output of described harvesting case 10-4-1 is two harvesting spindle nose 10-4-3, harvesting spindle nose 10-4-3 end is the chondritic that is provided with through hole, bearing pin 10-4-4 is arranged in the through hole of harvesting spindle nose 10-4-3, in the end endoporus of snapping bar 10-4-1 connection harvesting case 10-4-2, be welded to connect cover 10-4-5, described adapter sleeve 10-4-5 is tubulose, the end of adapter sleeve 10-4-5 is provided with the U-shaped opening groove by radial centre lines, bearing pin 10-4-4 two ends equipped wear-resistant block 10-4-6 respectively are arranged in the U-shaped opening groove of adapter sleeve 10-4-5.pipe-sphere between snapping bar and harvesting case adds the open type connected mode of bearing pin, make the snapping bar gap each other can flexible modulation, the front end of snapping bar directly is connected with group standing grain case, distance between rice-pulling chain and snapping bar has furthered, the Whole Equipment volume-diminished, the paired setting of falling the Eight characters of rice-pulling chain group, the rice-pulling chain that more is conducive to dial on the standing grain case forces to be fed into the snapping bar front end by maize straw, snapping bar is by relatively rotating between two rollers arranged in pairs, by the helical blade on snapping bar, maize straw is pulled to the rib place of snapping bar rear end continuously, when the fruit ear on stalk touches rib, rib is taken off fruit ear from the fruit ear root from stalk.By in the snapping bar end, installing, dial the standing grain case, simplified the transmission mechanism of the ceding of Taiwan, make the Whole Equipment volume-diminished, make the ear-picking unit structure simpler, operating efficiency is higher, and snapping bar has also increased the adaptability of the ceding of Taiwan to each department different cultivars, different agronomy greatly from the open type connected mode between the harvesting case.
Described maize harvesting machine apparatus for peeling off 7(as shown in Figures 6 and 7), comprise peeling frame 7-2, charging aperture 7-1 and peeling rollers 7-3, described peeling rollers 7-3 replaces adjacent parallel by two rubber roll 7-11 and two iron roll 7-10 and arranges, form groove, all there is rubber roll 7-11 and the iron roll 7-10 of a pair of move toward one another on both sides, described iron roll 7-10 is divided into previous section and aft section, and its previous section is provided with protruding 7-9, and the aft section surface is provided with rubber bumps; And be provided with the carding roller 7-6 that advances more than 3, be positioned at peeling rollers 7-3 directly over, its axially and peeling rollers 7-3 axially perpendicular, peeling rollers 7-3 all is connected with power with the carding roller 7-6 that advances, described rubber roll 7-11 surface is provided with block-shaped protrusion; The protruding 7-9 of described iron roll 7-10 previous section is the matts projection, the rubber bumps of aft section is spiral salient and the strip bulge laid vertically, described each carding roller 7-6 that advances axially on evenly be laid with combing star-wheel 7-8, the combing star-wheel 7-8 on the adjacent carding roller 7-6 that advances is staggered.Rear end at peeling frame 7-2 also is equipped with ear poking roller 7-5, and described ear poking roller 7-5 is positioned at the axle head of peeling rollers 7-3, and it is axial vertical with peeling rollers 7-3 axially, and described ear poking roller 7-5 is provided with the scraper plate 7-7 more than 2, and described ear poking roller 7-5 is connected with power.Below peeling frame 7-2, conveying auger 7-4 is installed, conveying auger 7-4 be positioned at peeling rollers 7-3 under, it is axially axially vertical with peeling rollers 7-3, and is connected with power.The apparatus for peeling off that uses in the present invention can peel that ectonexine maize peel, peeling are effective, high efficiency off.The carding roller that advances coordinates with peeling rollers, can be smooth and easy the corn combing that enters, and the power that advances in peeling; The previous section of iron roll arranges the matts projection, aft section is rubber bumps, the front end of peeling rollers is that rubber roll and iron roll coordinate, can the maize peel that just enters the easy stripping of corn be divested in a large number, rear end is that the glue face coordinates, be conducive to finer divesting and be attached to internal layer maize peel tighter on corn, peel off effective; The rear end ear poking roller is provided with scraper plate, gives the corn of falling rear end with auxiliary power, and corn is all dropped in the corn collecting box.
Corn peeling device comprises that maize peel reducing mechanism 4(as shown in figure 12), it comprises pulverizes casing 4-1, be fixed on the stationary knife group on described pulverizing casing 4-1 inwall, be arranged on the cutter shaft 4-5 in described pulverizing casing 4-1 and be fixed in the movable cutter set on cutter shaft 4-5 by means of axle sleeve 4-2, described movable cutter set and stationary knife group are crisscross arranged, described stationary knife group comprises the stationary knife 4-4 of three groups of even Heterogeneous Permutations, and described stationary knife 4-4 is vertically fixed on the inwall of pulverizing casing 4-1 discharging opening 4-3 place; Described movable cutter set comprises four groups of symmetrical Heterogeneous Permutation moving knife 4-6 on cutter shaft 4-5, and each movable cutter set comprises two moving knife 4-6, and described moving knife 4-6 vertically is fixed on the axle sleeve 4-2 of described cutter shaft 4-5; The blade position of described moving knife 4-6 extend in the gap that forms between described stationary knife 4-4, the knife face of described stationary knife 4-4 is trapezoidal, the knife face of described moving knife 4-6 is trapezoidal, the maize peel reducing mechanism is used in conjunction with by stationary knife and moving knife, effective crushing maize skin, avoid the maize peel integral body Tanaka that drops, and then affect the growth of follow-up sowing and seedling.Staggered corresponding layout the in the position of stationary knife and moving knife, knife face is trapezoidal, crushing effect is better, not only favourable to follow-up sowing, and the maize peel particle after pulverizing is easier to decompose, and as fertilizer sources applies Tanaka, be conducive to the growth of crops, also be very beneficial for twice laid and environmental improvement.
Described outstanding cutting apparatus 10-3(is as shown in Figure 9) comprise and be fixed in be ranked cutter 10-3-7 and be positioned at stationary knife 10-3-7 front and moving knife 10-3-2 in parallel of ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1 upper horizontal, described moving knife is fixed on movable arbor 10-3-8, described movable arbor 10-3-8 is fixed on ceding of Taiwan frame 10-1 biside plate bearing block, and its axis is parallel with described stationary knife 10-3-7; Described movable arbor 10-3-8 comprises that two ends are fixed with the cutter shaft pipe 10-3-4 of spindle nose 10-3-5, vertically are fixed in one on cutter shaft pipe 10-3-4 row and strengthen disk 10-3-1 and be fixed on the moving knife fixed block 10-3-3 that strengthens on disk 10-3-1, the center line of described reinforcement disk 10-3-1 overlaps with the center line of movable arbor 10-3-8, and described moving knife 10-3-2 is fixed on moving knife fixed block 10-3-3.
Described moving knife 10-3-2(is as shown in Figure 8) be three rows, along the circumference uniform distribution of movable arbor 10-3-8; Described reinforcement disk 10-3-1 is provided with three equally distributed right-angle notchs, and described moving knife fixed block 10-3-3 is fixed on and strengthens on the corresponding straight flange of disk 10-3-1 right-angle notch, and described moving knife is bolted on strengthens disk 10-3-1.Described stationary knife 10-3-7, moving knife fixed block 10-3-3 and moving knife 10-3-2 are strip, and described moving knife 10-3-2 is more than two, and described stationary knife 10-3-7 is more than two, and described movable arbor 10-3-8 is by being located at the chain wheel drive rotation of spindle nose 10-3-5.The cutter shaft of the outstanding cutting apparatus of the present invention adopts hollow shaft, has greatly alleviated the weight of reaping machine, is suitable for using on medium-sized reaping machine, is beneficial to reaping machine and rotates flexible operation, is suitable for the demand of multiple landform harvest operation; The setting of strengthening disk makes, between moving knife and cutter shaft pipe, larger space is arranged, and can get rid of the foreign material such as weeds, earth, is convenient to moving knife chopping stalk; Moving knife coordinates cutting with stationary knife, realizes the rotating in air chopping, has good crushed stalk effect.
described control system (as shown in figure 10) comprises output control of engine power bar 11, the fast control lever 12 of height, taiwan cut off and landing control lever 13 and tanker elevating control bar 14, described output control of engine power bar 11 tail ends were exported axle 19 by trombone slide and power and were connected, the other end that power was exported axle 19 is connected with transmission case 21, the fast control lever of height 12 is crossed the interior high low speed mechanism of axle 18 and drive axle 23 through walked axle 16 and high low speed and is connected, taiwan cut off and landing control lever 13 all is connected with banked direction control valves 17 by trombone slide with tanker elevating control bar 14, banked direction control valves 17 is connected with hydraulic plumbing system, the described gear level 15 that also comprises, described gear level 15 pulls the interior central siphon of the axle 16 of walking by stud, describedly also comprise secondary clutch pedal 24, described secondary clutch pedal 24 is crossed axle 22 by trombone slide with the secondary clutch of laterally settling and is connected, the end that axle 22 interior central siphons are crossed in secondary clutch is connected with the clutch of drive axle 23 by trombone slide, also comprise brake pedal 25, described brake pedal 15 is connected with the axle 10 that braked by trombone slide, the interior central siphon of axle 10 that braked is connected with the braking mechanism of drive axle 23 by trombone slide.
Described hydraulic plumbing system (as shown in figure 11) comprises Monostable valve 34 and banked direction control valves 17, described Monostable valve 34 is cross valve, the import of Monostable valve 34 is communicated with pump 35,34 1 outlets of Monostable valve are communicated with hydraulic oil container 28, another outlet is through steering gear 30 and steering cylinder 29 hydraulic return fuel tanks 28, the 3rd outlet is through banked direction control valves 17 hydraulic return fuel tanks 28, and described banked direction control valves 17 is provided with the loop that is communicated with the tanker oil cylinder 26 of turning on one's side, and also is provided with the loop that is communicated with ceding of Taiwan oil cylinder 32.By to transmission system and the rational layout of hydraulic plumbing system, can provide power for corn harvester, for adjusting adjustable height and the angle of inclination of the ceding of Taiwan, power is passed through in grain storage and unloading to tanker, also realized in addition normally the controlling of maize harvesting machine, whole system utilized axle to realize being in transmission connection, and hydraulic system guarantees reliable, control accuracy is high, and whole control system is reliable, easy to operate.
Described rollover tanker 6(is as shown in Figure 1) be positioned at frame 2 tail ends, its lower end one side is hinged with the frame 2 of a corresponding side, between its other both sides and frame 2, be provided for making its rollover tanker oil cylinder 26 around the jointed shaft rollover, the rollover tanker is after harvesting has been expired, equipment moves to concentrated stowed location, rollover tanker oil cylinder 26 drives the tanker rollover, and fruit ear is poured onto to concentrated stowed location.Described elevator 8 comprises shell and the carrier chain of being located in shell, and dock with the auger outlet of the ceding of Taiwan 10 bottoms described carrier chain lower end, and dock with corn peeling device 7 top imports its upper end.
in concrete application process, at first by control system, adjust ceding of Taiwan height, the height of stubble is cut in decision, open simultaneously feeding unit, ear-picking unit, elevator, corn peeling device, the auxiliary equipment such as maize peel reducing mechanism, then by driving system, drive the car load walking, when feeding unit touches maize straw, rice-pulling chain is inwardly carried maize straw, the anterior spiral of snapping bar also plays the effect of inside conveying maize straw, when maize straw is delivered to snapping bar the rib position is arranged, two snapping bars are carried maize straw downwards, when fruit ear is arranged, squeeze off the fruit ear handle, and maize straw is continued to carry downwards, outstanding cutting apparatus cuts off maize straw immediately, fruit ear moves backward and falls in the auger of ceding of Taiwan bottom simultaneously, under the effect of auger, all fruit ears are concentrated to auger one end, and fall on the carrier chain of elevator, the carrier chain of elevator progressively upwards is delivered to apparatus for peeling off by fruit ear, through cooperatively interacting of peeling and the carding roller that advances, the corn of peeling off drops in the rollover tanker, squeeze fallen maize peel and be transported to the maize peel reducing mechanism by conveying auger, by the maize peel reducing mechanism, carry out comminution process.
In the peeling process, the carding roller that advances coordinates with peeling rollers, can be smooth and easy the corn combing that enters, and the power that advances in peeling; The previous section of iron roll arranges the matts projection, aft section is rubber bumps, the front end of peeling rollers is that rubber roll and iron roll coordinate, can the maize peel that just enters the easy stripping of corn be divested in a large number, rear end is that the glue face coordinates, be conducive to finer divesting and be attached to internal layer maize peel tighter on corn, peel off effective; The rear end ear poking roller is provided with scraper plate, gives the corn of falling rear end with auxiliary power, and corn is all dropped in the corn collecting box.
in a word, the present invention will be by hanging cutting apparatus, apparatus for peeling off and maize peel reducing mechanism etc. are combined into the self walking type maize harvesting machine, can be at any time by the straw cutting of extracing fruit ear field also, without carrying out specially crushed stalk, to clean out by the outside pericarp of the belt leather fruit ear that elevator is carried, avoid the special debarker peeling of follow-up use, the pressure feeding unit that arranges in the ceding of Taiwan simultaneously and ear-picking unit adopt same transmission mechanism, simplified structure, transmission efficiency is higher, can be by the direct chopping and returning of maize peel, avoid follow-up special collection maize peel to pulverize, raise the efficiency, save the energy.
Claims (17)
1. self walking type maize harvesting machine, it is characterized in that: comprise frame (2), be positioned at the engine at frame (2) middle part, the driving system that is connected with the engine output by control system, be positioned at the ceding of Taiwan (10) of frame (2) front end, be positioned at the corn peeling device (7) of frame (2) back upper place, the elevator (8) that is positioned at the rollover tanker (6) of frame (2) tail end and is positioned at frame (2) middle part, elevator (8) lower end is connected with the ceding of Taiwan (10) delivery outlet, dock with corn peeling device (7) entrance elevator (8) upper end, described corn peeling device (7) outlet and suitable for reading docking of rollover tanker (6).
2. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described ceding of Taiwan (10) comprises ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1), on the main plane of described ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1), equidistantly be placed with two groups of above ear-picking units (10-4), the head of each ear-picking unit (10-4) all has feeding unit (10-5) by spline joint, between adjacent ear-picking unit (10-4), by universal coupling with spider, connect, the front lower place of described ear-picking unit (10-4) is provided with outstanding cutting apparatus (10-3).
3. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the rear end of described ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1) is hinged by means of parallel four-bar linkage and frame (2), in hinged place, is provided be used to driving the hydraulic cylinder of ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1) lifting.
4. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described feeding unit (10-5) comprises rice-pulling chain (10-5-1), dial standing grain case (10-5-2), drive sprocket (10-5-3), driven sprocket (10-5-4) and tensioning apparatus (10-5-5), described group of standing grain case (10-5-2) is fixed on ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1), the output shaft of dialling standing grain case (10-5-2) is connected with drive sprocket (10-5-3), described drive sprocket (10-5-3) drives driven sprocket (10-5-4) by rice-pulling chain (10-5-1) and rotates, rice-pulling chain (10-5-1) is provided with moving tooth, described tensioning apparatus (10-5-5) is supported in driven sprocket (10-5-4) and dials between standing grain case (10-5-2), described rice-pulling chain (10-5-1), dial standing grain case (10-5-2), drive sprocket (10-5-3), driven sprocket (10-5-4) and tensioning apparatus (10-5-5) are two covers, two covers are splayed and arrange, the moving tooth of two covering devices is interlaced.
5. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described ear-picking unit (10-4) comprises harvesting case (10-4-2) and two snapping bars (10-4-1), the surperficial winding screw shape of two snapping bars (10-4-1) rib, and be arranged in parallel, the right-hand member of two snapping bars (10-4-1) all is connected with harvesting case (10-4-2), and the left end of two snapping bars (10-4-1) joins with the joining place of feeding unit (10-5) respectively.
6. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described snapping bar (10-4-1) is the open type connected mode that pipe-sphere adds bearing pin with the connected mode of harvesting case (10-4-2), the output of described harvesting case (10-4-1) is two harvesting spindle noses (10-4-3), harvesting spindle nose (10-4-3) end is the chondritic that is provided with through hole, bearing pin (10-4-4) is arranged in the through hole of harvesting spindle nose (10-4-3), in one end endoporus of snapping bar (10-4-1) connection harvesting case (10-4-2), be welded to connect cover (10-4-5), described adapter sleeve (10-4-5) is tubulose, one end of adapter sleeve (10-4-5) is provided with the U-shaped opening groove by radial centre lines, bearing pin (10-4-4) two ends equipped wear-resistant block (10-4-6) respectively are arranged in the U-shaped opening groove of adapter sleeve (10-4-5).
7. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described maize harvesting machine apparatus for peeling off (7), comprise peeling frame (7-2), charging aperture (7-1) and peeling rollers (7-3), described peeling rollers (7-3) is by two rubber rolls (7-11) and alternately adjacent parallel arrangement of two iron rolls (7-10), form groove, all there is rubber roll (7-11) and the iron roll (7-10) of a pair of move toward one another on both sides, described iron roll (7-10) is divided into previous section and aft section, its previous section is provided with projection (7-9), the aft section surface is provided with rubber bumps, and be provided with the carding roller that advances (7-6) more than 3, be positioned at peeling rollers (7-3) directly over, its axially and peeling rollers (7-3) axially perpendicular, peeling rollers (7-3) all is connected with power with the carding roller that advances (7-6), described rubber roll (7-11) surface is provided with block-shaped protrusion, the projection (7-9) of described iron roll (7-10) previous section is the matts projection, the rubber bumps of aft section is spiral salient and the strip bulge laid vertically, described each carding roller that advances (7-6) axially on evenly be laid with combing star-wheel (7-8), the combing star-wheel (7-8) on the adjacent carding roller that advances (7-6) is staggered.
8. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in the rear end of described peeling frame (7-2), ear poking roller (7-5) also is installed, described ear poking roller (7-5) is positioned at the axle head of peeling rollers (7-3), it is axial vertical with peeling rollers (7-3) axially, described ear poking roller (7-5) is provided with the scraper plate (7-7) more than 2, and described ear poking roller (7-5) is connected with power.
9. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in the below of peeling frame (7-2), conveying auger (7-4) is installed, conveying auger (7-4) be positioned at peeling rollers (7-3) under, it is axially axially vertical with peeling rollers (7-3), and is connected with power.
10. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described corn peeling device also comprises maize peel reducing mechanism (4), it comprises pulverizes casing (4-1), be fixed on the stationary knife group on described pulverizing casing (4-1) inwall, be arranged on the cutter shaft (4-5) in described pulverizing casing (4-1) and be fixed in the movable cutter set on cutter shaft (4-5) by means of axle sleeve (4-2), described movable cutter set and stationary knife group are crisscross arranged, described stationary knife group comprises the stationary knife (4-4) of three groups of even Heterogeneous Permutations, described stationary knife (4-4) is vertically fixed on to be pulverized on the inwall that casing (4-1) discharging opening (4-3) locates, described movable cutter set comprises the moving knife (4-6) of four groups of symmetrical Heterogeneous Permutations on cutter shaft (4-5), and each movable cutter set comprises two moving knife (4-6), and described moving knife (4-6) vertically is fixed on the axle sleeve (4-2) of described cutter shaft (4-5), the blade position of described moving knife (4-6) extend in the gap that forms between described stationary knife (4-4), and the knife face of described stationary knife (4-4) is trapezoidal, and the knife face of described moving knife (4-6) is trapezoidal.
11. self-traveling type corn reaper according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described outstanding cutting apparatus (10-3) comprises and is fixed in be ranked cutter (10-3-7) and be positioned at also moving knife (10-3-2) in parallel of stationary knife (10-3-7) front of ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1) upper horizontal, described moving knife is fixed on movable arbor (10-3-8), described movable arbor (10-3-8) is fixed on ceding of Taiwan frame (10-1) biside plate bearing block, and its axis is parallel with described stationary knife (10-3-7); Described movable arbor (10-3-8) comprises that two ends are fixed with the cutter shaft pipe (10-3-4) of spindle nose (10-3-5), vertically are fixed in one on cutter shaft pipe (10-3-4) row and strengthen disk (10-3-1) and be fixed on the moving knife fixed block (10-3-3) on reinforcement disk (10-3-1), the center line of described reinforcement disk (10-3-1) overlaps with the center line of movable arbor (10-3-8), and described moving knife (10-3-2) is fixed on moving knife fixed block (10-3-3).
12. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 11 is characterized in that: described moving knife (10-3-2) is three rows, along the circumference uniform distribution of movable arbor (10-3-8); Described reinforcement disk (10-3-1) is provided with three equally distributed right-angle notchs, described moving knife fixed block (10-3-3) is fixed on to be strengthened on the corresponding straight flange of disk (10-3-1) right-angle notch, and described moving knife is bolted on strengthens disk (10-3-1).
13. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: described stationary knife (10-3-7), moving knife fixed block (10-3-3) and moving knife (10-3-2) are strip, described moving knife (10-3-2) is more than two, described stationary knife (10-3-7) is more than two, and described movable arbor (10-3-8) is by being located at the chain wheel drive rotation of spindle nose (10-3-5).
14. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control system comprises output control of engine power bar (11), height fast control lever (12), taiwan cut off and landing control lever (13) and tanker elevating control bar (14), described output control of engine power bar (11) tail end was exported axle (19) by trombone slide and power and was connected, the other end that power was exported axle (19) is connected with transmission case (21), the fast control lever of height (12) is crossed the interior high low speed mechanism of axle (18) and drive axle (23) through walked axle (16) and high low speed and is connected, taiwan cut off and landing control lever (13) all is connected with banked direction control valves (17) by trombone slide with tanker elevating control bar (14), banked direction control valves (17) is connected with hydraulic plumbing system, the described gear level (15) that also comprises, described gear level (15) pulls the interior central siphon of the axle of walking (16) by stud, the described secondary clutch pedal (24) that also comprises, described secondary clutch pedal (24) is crossed axle (22) by trombone slide with the secondary clutch of laterally settling and is connected, the end that the interior central siphon of axle (22) is crossed in secondary clutch is connected with the clutch of drive axle (23) by trombone slide, also comprise brake pedal (25), described brake pedal (15) is connected with the axle that braked (10) by trombone slide, the interior central siphon of axle (10) that braked is connected with the braking mechanism of drive axle (23) by trombone slide.
15. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic plumbing system comprises Monostable valve (34) and banked direction control valves (17), described Monostable valve (34) is cross valve, the import of Monostable valve (34) is communicated with pump (35), (34) outlets of Monostable valve are communicated with hydraulic oil container (28), another outlet is through steering gear (30) and steering cylinder (29) hydraulic return fuel tank (28), the 3rd outlet is through banked direction control valves (17) hydraulic return fuel tank (28), described banked direction control valves (17) is provided with the loop that is communicated with the tanker oil cylinder (26) of turning on one's side, also be provided with the loop that is communicated with ceding of Taiwan oil cylinder (32).
16. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rollover tanker (6) is positioned at frame (2) tail end, its lower end one side is hinged with the frame (2) of a corresponding side, between its other both sides and frame (2), is provided for making its rollover tanker oil cylinder (26) around the jointed shaft rollover.
17. self walking type maize harvesting machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described elevator (8) comprises shell and is located at the carrier chain in shell, dock with the auger outlet of the ceding of Taiwan (10) bottom described carrier chain lower end, and dock with corn peeling device (7) top import its upper end.
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| CN107852946B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-02-04 | 广东省农业科学院 | Device for movably harvesting corn |
| CN107820841A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-03-23 | 吉林大学 | Float cone cave coupling copying type corn picker reducing mechanism |
| CN107820841B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2023-11-24 | 吉林大学 | Floating cone-hole coupling profiling corn ear picking and crushing device |
| CN109874502A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-14 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of pre-determined bit rotation picking formula fragrant-flowered garlic flower picking mechanism |
| CN110122058A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of support chain-type crudefiber crop harvester |
| CN110122058B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2024-04-12 | 南京工程学院 | Support chain type hemp crop harvester |
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| CN103392445B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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