CN209283750U - Self-propelled cabbage harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model proposes a kind of self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus, it includes travelling platform, root cutter structure of choosing, conveying hoisting mechanism, transport mechanism of bearing down on one, leaf-peeling mechanism and collection device, in one forequarter of travelling platform, root cutter structure of choosing is set, root cutter structure of choosing includes double-arc spline cutter and V-type cutter, and V-type cutter are arranged at double-arc spline cutter rear portion；In travelling platform side, setting is located at the conveying hoisting mechanism for root cutter structure discharging direction of choosing, and transport mechanism of bearing down on one is arranged jointly in the V-type cutter for root cutter structure of choosing and conveying lifting device top；The leaf-peeling mechanism includes a leaf-peeling mechanism and secondary leaf-peeling mechanism, and a leaf-peeling mechanism is arranged between V-type cutter and conveying hoisting mechanism, secondary leaf-peeling mechanism is arranged between conveying hoisting mechanism and collection device.The self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus of the utility model, it is compact-sized, design is scientific and reasonable, it can be achieved that wild cabbage harvest operation whole-course automation, have the advantages that efficiency of crop is high, harvest damage is small.

Description

Self-propelled cabbage harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a self-propelled cabbage harvesting device.

Background technique

The vegetable industry is an important pillar industry of my country's agricultural and rural economy, which is related to the "money bags" of farmers and the "vegetable baskets" of urban residents. According to statistics, since 2011, my country's total vegetable output and total output value have surpassed grain and become my country's largest agricultural product. However, the research on vegetable harvesting machinery in our country started late and developed slowly. Compared with grain production, The mechanization level of vegetable production is still quite backward, almost still blank, and the harvest of vegetables still mainly relies on manual work. With the aging of the rural labor force and the transfer to cities, the cost of vegetable harvesting has increased year by year, which has directly led to an increase in vegetable production costs and a decrease in economic benefits, greatly reducing the enthusiasm of vegetable farmers and seriously restricting the development of the vegetable industry. This status quo is far from being able to adapt to the current speed and scale of vegetable production and development, and is not conducive to the specialization, standardization and industrialization of agricultural products. In recent years, due to the inclination of national policies and the rapid development of vegetable agriculture, vegetable harvesting machinery has achieved unprecedented development. At present, except for a few root vegetables that have mature harvesting machines, such as potato and yam harvesters, the research on most vegetable harvesting machines is in the theoretical stage, such as cabbage, carrot, tomato and other harvesters, and there are no mature models for supply. business promotion.

Cabbage, commonly known as cabbage, is a plant of the Brassicaceae family. Cabbage has many advantages, such as strong adaptability, easy planting, high yield, strong resistance to stress and disease, cold resistance, easy storage, and transportation resistance; in addition, it is rich in minerals and vitamin C, rich in nutrients, It has become one of the main edible vegetables in people's life. With the adjustment of my country's agricultural structure, from the beginning of small-scale planting by farmers to today's large-scale planting, the planting area of cabbage has also increased significantly year by year. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a cabbage harvester in line with my country's national conditions, which is very important for reducing the labor intensity of farmers, improving the efficiency of cabbage harvesting, accelerating the mechanized harvesting of leafy vegetables, and comprehensively improving the mechanization level of the entire vegetable industry. meaning.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a self-propelled cabbage harvesting device, which can realize automatic cabbage harvesting, effectively improve harvesting efficiency and reduce labor intensity.

The utility model solves its technical problem and realizes through the following technical solutions:

A self-propelled cabbage harvesting device, characterized in that it includes a walking platform, a mechanism for extracting and cutting roots, a conveying and lifting mechanism, a pressing and conveying mechanism, a leaf stripping mechanism and a collecting device, and a mechanism for extracting and cutting roots is arranged at the front part of one side of the walking platform. The extracting and root-cutting mechanism comprises a double-disc cutter and a V-shaped cutter, and a V-shaped cutter is arranged at the rear of the double-disc cutter; a conveying and lifting mechanism positioned at the discharge direction of the extracting and root-cut mechanism is arranged on one side of the walking platform , the top of the V-shaped cutting knife and the conveying and lifting device for extracting the root-cutting mechanism are jointly provided with a top-pressing transmission mechanism; A primary leaf stripping mechanism is provided, and a secondary leaf stripping mechanism is provided between the conveying lifting mechanism and the collecting device.

Moreover, the double-disc cutting knives include two disc cutting knives that rotate relatively to the inside, and the root-cutting positions of the two disc cutting knives are located at a preferred cutting area of 10-15 mm above the bottom leaves of cabbage. The sliding cutting angle of the disc cutter is 20-30 degrees, the two disc cutters are driven by hydraulic motors respectively, and the rotation speed of the two disc cutters is 300-400r/min.

Moreover, the two disc cutting knives of the double-disc cutting knife are relatively installed through the sliding angle adjustment device respectively. The sliding angle adjustment device includes a mounting seat, an adjusting spring, and an adjusting bolt. One end of the fixed seat and the adjusting seat is connected and installed through a hinge shaft, and the other end of the fixed seat and the adjusting seat is connected and installed through an adjusting bolt. The installation seat is connected with the driving hydraulic motor, and the driving hydraulic motor is connected and installed with the knife handle of the disc cutting knife through a shaft coupling.

Moreover, the V-shaped cutting knife is arranged at an included angle of 60-70 degrees, and the V-shaped cutting knife is arranged at an included angle of 6-9 degrees with the ground.

Moreover, the outer surfaces of the two disc cutting knives of the double disc cutting knives are curved surfaces protruding from the outer circumference to the middle part.

Moreover, the conveying lifting mechanism is a mesh conveyor belt lifting mechanism.

Moreover, the primary leaf stripping mechanism is a double helix auger shaft leaf stripping mechanism, and the conveying direction of the primary leaf stripping mechanism is consistent with the conveying direction of the conveying lifting mechanism; the secondary leaf stripping mechanism is also a double helix auger shaft stripping mechanism. The leaf mechanism, the conveying direction of the secondary leaf stripping mechanism is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying and lifting mechanism.

Moreover, the collection device includes a slideway and a storage box, the slideway is located in the direction of the outlet of the secondary stripping mechanism, and the storage box is installed on the upper part of the walking platform and connected with the outlet of the slideway.

Advantage and beneficial effect of the present utility model are:

1. The self-propelled cabbage harvesting device of the present utility model realizes the autonomous travel of the harvester in the field through the walking platform. During the travel process, the cabbage is harvested by the double disc cutting knives, and the cabbage plants are pulled out and fed into the V The position of the cutting knife, under the joint action of the double disc cutting knife and the V-shaped cutting knife, the root cutting of the cabbage plant is realized; the cabbage after the root cutting is under the action of the rotation friction and collision of the leaf stripping mechanism to complete part of the outer leaves. stripped, and transported back to the conveying lifting device; the cut off rhizomes and outer leaves are dropped in the field, and then the cabbage is transported to the secondary leaf stripping mechanism by the conveying lifting device to remove the remaining loose outer leaves; the cabbage is Transfer to the collection device and complete the boxing, so as to realize the full automation of the cabbage harvesting operation.

2. The self-propelled cabbage harvesting device of the present utility model adopts a root-cutting mechanism composed of a double-disc cutter and a V-shaped cutter. The double-disc cutter is installed at a certain angle with the ground to ensure that the blade can act on the cabbage. When the cabbage harvester moves independently along the field, the double-disc cutting knives harvest in opposite directions, and the relative rotational movement of the double-disc cutting knives overcomes the self-weight and root resistance of the cabbage to realize the extraction of the cabbage plants on the ridge, and Feed it to the V-shaped cutting knife that is also at a certain angle to the ground. This position is just below the topping conveyor belt. The topping conveyor belt will produce a vertical downward pressure on the cabbage. With the double disc cutting knife and V-shaped cutting The knife realizes the cutting of the rhizome part of cabbage.

3. In the self-propelled cabbage harvesting device of the present utility model, the leaf stripping mechanism is provided with a primary stripping mechanism and a secondary stripping mechanism, which are used to strip off redundant loose outer leaves, retain the cabbage sphere part, and carry out boxing. The leaf mechanism adopts the form of a double-helix auger shaft. The primary leaf stripping mainly removes some of the old leaves wrapped on the surface of the cabbage sphere; the secondary leaf-peeling mechanism adopts a double-helix auger shaft to remove the remaining loose outer leaves The cabbage is conveyed to the collection device; among them, the primary leaf stripping mechanism needs to cooperate with the top-pressing conveyor belt in the conveying and lifting device. The rotation, collision and friction effect of the leaf stripping method completes the leaf stripping. The leaf stripping method has a simple structure, a good stripping effect, does not damage the cabbage sphere, and can discharge the stripped outer leaves in time, which well avoids the damage caused by the accumulation of outer leaves. clogging problem.

4. In the self-propelled cabbage harvesting device of the present invention, the conveying and lifting device adopts a mesh conveyor belt lifting mechanism, which has certain flexibility and can adapt to conveying cabbage of different varieties and sizes. The topping conveyor belt also plays a role in root cutting and leaf stripping. Supporting role.

5. In the self-propelled cabbage harvesting device of the present invention, the collection device is composed of a slideway and a storage box. The cabbage is transferred to the slideway through a secondary peeling mechanism, and finally slides down into the storage box to complete the collection of cabbage.

6. The self-propelled cabbage harvesting device of the present utility model has a compact structure and a scientific and reasonable design, which can realize the full automation of the cabbage harvesting operation, has the advantages of high harvesting efficiency and small harvesting damage, and effectively reduces the labor intensity of cabbage harvesting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a disc cutter sliding angle adjustment device;

In the picture:

1-Double disc cutting knife, 2-Primary leaf stripping mechanism, 3-Storage box, 4-Slide, 5-Conveying and lifting mechanism, 6-Harvesting frame, 7-Top conveying mechanism, 8-Secondary leaf stripping mechanism , 9-V-shaped cutting knife, 10-walking platform, 11-adjusting spring, 12-adjusting bolt, 13-hydraulic motor mounting seat, 14-adjusting seat, 15-fixing seat.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in further detail below through specific examples, the following examples are only descriptive, not limiting, and cannot limit the protection scope of the utility model with this.

A self-propelled cabbage harvesting device includes a walking platform 10, a mechanism for extracting and cutting roots, a conveying and lifting mechanism, a pressing and conveying mechanism, a leaf stripping mechanism and a collecting device. The harvesting frame 6 is fixedly installed on one side of the walking platform, and the root cutting mechanism is set at the front of the harvesting frame. The root cutting mechanism includes a double disc cutter 1 and a V-shaped cutter 9, behind the double disc cutters The V-shaped cutting knife 9 is arranged at the top; the conveying lifting mechanism 5 positioned at the discharge direction of the root-cutting mechanism is set on one side of the walking platform, and the conveying and lifting mechanism is a mesh conveyor belt lifting mechanism. On the top of the V-shaped cutting knife and the conveying and lifting device for extracting the root-cutting mechanism, a topping conveying mechanism 7 is jointly arranged; A primary leaf stripping mechanism is provided, and a secondary leaf stripping mechanism is provided between the conveying lifting mechanism and the collecting device.

The double-disc cutting knives include two disc cutting knives that rotate relatively to the inside, and the root-cutting positions of the two disc cutting knives are located at the optimal cutting area of 10-15 mm above the bottom leaf of cabbage, The sliding cutting angle can be adjusted in the range of 0° to 40° according to the size of the cabbage, and the sliding cutting angle of the two disc cutting knives is 20° to 30°. The two disc cutting knives are driven by respective driving hydraulic motors, and the rotational speed of the two disc cutting knives is 300-400 r/min. The outer surfaces of the two disc cutting knives of the double disc cutter are curved surfaces protruding from the outer circumference to the middle part. The V-shaped cutting knife is set at an included angle of 60 degrees, and the V-shaped cutting knife is set at an included angle of 8 degrees with the ground.

The two disc cutting knives of the double disc cutting knife are respectively installed oppositely through the sliding angle adjustment device. The sliding angle adjustment device includes a mounting seat, an adjusting spring 11, and an adjusting bolt 12. The mounting seat includes an adjusting seat 14 and a fixing seat 15. , one end of the fixed seat and the adjusting seat is connected and installed by a hinge shaft, the other end of the fixed seat and the adjusting seat is connected and installed by an adjusting bolt, an adjusting spring is installed on the part where the adjusting bolt is located between the fixing seat and the adjusting seat, and a hydraulic pressure is installed on the adjusting seat. The motor mounting base 13 is connected and installed with the handle of a knife of the disc cutting knife by a shaft coupling to drive the hydraulic motor. By adjusting the angle between the adjustment seat and the fixed seat, the sliding cutting angle of the disc cutting knife is adjusted.

The primary leaf stripping mechanism is a double helix auger shaft leaf stripping mechanism, and the conveying direction of the primary leaf stripping mechanism is consistent with the conveying direction of the conveying lifting mechanism; the secondary leaf stripping mechanism is also a double helix auger shaft leaf stripping mechanism, and the secondary leaf stripping mechanism The conveying direction is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying lifting mechanism.

The collection device includes a slideway 4 and a storage box 3, the slideway is located in the direction of the outlet of the secondary stripping mechanism, and the storage box is installed on the top of the walking platform and connected with the outlet of the slideway.

The working process of the self-propelled cabbage harvesting device is:

The autonomous travel of the harvester in the field is realized through the walking platform. During the traveling process, the cabbage is harvested through the double disc cutters, and the cabbage plants are pulled out and fed to the position of the V-shaped cutter. Under the joint action of the cutting knife, the root cutting of the cabbage plant is realized; the root-cut cabbage is peeled off part of the outer leaves under the action of the rotation friction and collision of the leaf stripping mechanism, and is transported backward to the conveying and lifting device ;The cut off rhizomes and outer leaves all fall into the field, and then the cabbage is transported to the secondary leaf stripping mechanism by the conveying lifting device to remove the remaining loose outer leaves; Full automation of harvesting operations.

The extraction and cutting mechanism composed of double-disc cutters and V-shaped cutters is adopted. The double-disc cutters are installed at a certain angle to the ground to ensure that the blades can act on the rhizomes of cabbage. When the cabbage harvester travels independently along the field , the double disc cutting knives are harvested in opposite rows, and the relative rotational movement of the double disc cutting knives is used to overcome the weight of the cabbage and the resistance of the root system, so as to realize the extraction of the cabbage plants on the ridge, and feed them to the V that is also at a certain angle to the ground. Type cutting knife, this position is just below the topping conveyor belt, the topping conveyor belt produces a vertical downward pressure on the cabbage, and cooperates with the double disc cutting knife and V-shaped cutting knife to realize the cutting of the cabbage rhizome.

The leaf stripping mechanism is used to strip off excess loose outsourcing leaves, retain the cabbage sphere part, and carry out boxing. The one-time leaf stripping mechanism adopts the form of a double-helix auger shaft, and the one-time leaf stripping mainly removes part of the outsourcing old leaves wrapped on the surface of the cabbage sphere; The secondary leaf stripping mechanism adopts the form of a double helix auger shaft, which is used to remove the remaining loose outer wrapping leaves and transport the cabbage to the collection device; among them, the primary leaf stripping mechanism needs to cooperate with the top conveyor belt in the conveying and lifting device. The transmission power is provided by the pressure transmission belt, and the leaf peeling is completed by using the gap between the two auger shafts and the rotating collision friction caused by the screw conveying action. This leaf peeling method has a simple structure and a good peeling effect without damaging the cabbage sphere, and can discharge the stripped outer leaves in time, which well avoids the clogging problem caused by the accumulation of outer leaves.

The conveying and lifting device adopts a mesh conveyor belt lifting mechanism, which has certain flexibility and can adapt to conveying cabbage of different varieties and sizes. The topping conveyor belt also plays an auxiliary role in root cutting and leaf stripping.

The collection device is composed of a slideway and a storage box, and the cabbage is transferred to the slideway through a secondary peeling mechanism, and finally slides down into the storage box to complete the collection of the cabbage.

Although the embodiments and accompanying drawings of the utility model are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can understand that various replacements, changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model and the appended claims. It is possible, therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus, it is characterised in that: including travelling platform, choose root cutter structure, conveying hoister Root cutter structure of choosing is arranged in one forequarter of travelling platform in structure, transport mechanism of bearing down on one, leaf-peeling mechanism and collection device, described to pull out Taking root cutter structure includes double-arc spline cutter and V-type cutter, and V-type cutter are arranged at double-arc spline cutter rear portion；It is walking The setting of platform side is located at the conveying hoisting mechanism for root cutter structure discharging direction of choosing, in the V-type cutter of root cutter structure of choosing And transport mechanism of bearing down on one is arranged in conveying lifting device top jointly；The leaf-peeling mechanism includes a leaf-peeling mechanism and secondary stripping leaf A leaf-peeling mechanism is arranged in mechanism between V-type cutter and conveying hoisting mechanism, conveying hoisting mechanism and collection device it Between secondary leaf-peeling mechanism is set.

2. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the double-arc spline cutter include inside Two mechanical shoulder cut-off knifes that side relatively rotates, the root position of cutting of two mechanical shoulder cut-off knifes is located at the upward 10~15mm of wild cabbage bottom leaf Preferable cutting region, the angle of the slip cutting angle of two mechanical shoulder cut-off knifes is 20~30 degree, and two mechanical shoulder cut-off knifes are by each Self-powered hydrodynamic pressure motor is driven, which is 300~400r/min.

3. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: two circles of the double-arc spline cutter Disk cutter are installed by the way that slip cutting angle regulating device is opposite, which includes mounting base, adjustment spring, adjusts spiral shell Bolt, mounting base include fixing seat and adjustment seat, and one end of fixing seat and adjustment seat passes through stud connection and installs, and fixing seat and are adjusted The other end of seat is bolted installation by adjusting, and is adjusting position installation and adjustment of the bolt between fixing seat and adjustment seat Spring, adjustment seat are connect by hydraulic motor mounting base with driving hydraulic motor, and driving hydraulic motor passes through shaft coupling and disk The knife handle of cutter connects installation.

4. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the V-type cutter are in 60~70 degree Angle setting, the V-type cutter and ground are arranged in 6~9 degree of angles.

5. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two disks of the double-arc spline cutter The outer surface of cutter is the curved surface from outer circumferential middle part position protrusion.

6. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conveying hoisting mechanism is netted biography Send band hoisting mechanism.

7. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: a leaf-peeling mechanism is double helix Screw-conveyer-shaft leaf-peeling mechanism, the conveying direction of a leaf-peeling mechanism are consistent with conveying hoisting mechanism conveying direction；It is described secondary Leaf-peeling mechanism is also double helix screw-conveyer-shaft leaf-peeling mechanism, and secondary leaf-peeling mechanism conveying direction is perpendicular to the conveying hoisting mechanism Conveying direction.

8. self-propelled wild cabbage harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the collection device includes slideway and storage Case is deposited, slideway is located at secondary leaf-peeling mechanism discharge port direction, and storage bin is installed on travelling platform top, and the discharge port with slideway Connection.