CN103378711A - Dual mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic type electromagnetic gear composite permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Dual mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic type electromagnetic gear composite permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Provided is a dual mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic type electromagnetic gear composite permanent magnet motor which can be widely applied to industrial transmission fields such as wind power generation, electric automobiles, ship driving and server driving. The electromagnetic gear composite permanent magnet motor is characterized is that main transmission components of the electromagnetic gear composite permanent magnet motor consists of a stator formed of a stator iron core (9) and a stator winding (8) having 2ps poles, a permanent rotor formed of a rotor iron core (17) equipped with 2pr rotor permanent magnets (18) and an output shaft (16), and a salient pole magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) having Zb salient poles, wherein a numerical difference between the number of pole-pairs ps and pr is relatively small; and the stator, the permanent magnet rotor and the salient pole magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) are coaxially disposed, are mutually coupled through a radial air-gap magnetic field, and are mutually coupled in a salient pole straight axis area of the high-speed rotating salient pole magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) by using a principle of heteropolarity magnetic field attraction with a small pole difference so as to drive the permanent magnet rotor with a small pole difference to rotate at a low speed. Therefore, power speed changed and torque conversion controlled drive with no mechanical contact and no friction is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, that the electromagnetic gear transmission of magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula and the magneto that will lack extreme difference is compound in one, multiport magneto speed change with two mechanical output ports and an electrical power port, torque-converting motor, to realize the little moment mechanical energy of high rotating speed, slow-speed of revolution high-torque mechanical energy, and the gear energy converter of the mutual conversion of electricity, can be widely used in the industrial robot servo-drive, wind power generation, hydroelectric power generation, hybrid vehicle, ships drives and other needs the directly industrial transmission field of driving.
Background technology
Many transmission fields in commercial Application often need to realize the mechanical energy of slow-speed of revolution high-torque and the mutual conversion that high rotating speed hangs down moment mechanical energy, the utmost point slow-speed of revolution and variable wind energy, the potential energy converting and energy of water need to be become high-revolving generating mechanical kinetic energy such as: wind power generation and hydroelectric power generation field, electric automobile and submarine drive the field needs again high speed machine power conversion with prime mover to become the very low and very large mechanical output of moment of rotating speed, a large amount of high-precision servo speed reduction driving mechanism for powers that use in industrial robot, radar tracking system and machine tooling center.By existing conventional designing technique, the utmost point slow-speed of revolution and high-torque meeting increase the material consumption of motor per kilowatt number also so that quantities is huge so that motor volume is huge; For this reason, existing known common method is to realize the slow-speed of revolution by the mechanic gear drive technology, the output of high-torque and the requirement of Constant-power speed range, gear with small teeth difference drive technology and harmonic wave gear transmission technology are that big retarding is than the first-selection of transmission for a long time, the few teeth difference transmission is many machining accuracies of rotation output mechanism because off-centre causes, noise, efficient, the series of problems such as vibrations, and harmonic drive is because the alternately intensity of distortion of flexbile gear, rigidity, tired and draw reliability and the life-span challenge of drive system, driving torque, power and input speed, transmission efficiency is difficult to improve always.
China is the abundantest country of rare earth permanent-magnetic material in the world, and the application of greatly developing rare earth material has the meaning of reality.Progress along with control technology, rare earth permanent-magnetic material drives the field at electricity and is used widely, all kinds of motor products that rare earth permanent-magnetic material is made, and the torque density that its unit volume material transmits is large, efficiency of energy utilization height and energy consumption is little demonstrates the huge superiority of its rare earth material.In recent years, growth requirement along with new forms of energy applications such as wind power generation, electric automobiles, begin both at home and abroad to realize mechanically operated technological break-through at the novel magnetic drive technology, Britain in 2004 and Denmark scholar have proposed magnetic field modulation technical know-how and drive mechanism thereof, and from putting into practice design and the model machine checking work of having finished a kind of Novel radial magnetic field modulation system magnetic gear, overcome the in the past less shortcoming of permanent magnet gear driving torque, this has opened up an important research direction and following application in the application of mechanical transmission fields for permanent magnetic material.
In the recent period, that this case inventor has also proposed is a kind of " few extreme difference magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula magnetic gear of radial magnetic field is secondary " (201210097726.2 and 201220139705.8) new construction, this magnetic gear pair is the eccentric structure that utilizes the wrong utmost point principle in few extreme difference magnetic field on two transmission wheel sets and improve few range magnetic gear pair in conjunction with mechanical harmonic gear side set drive technology principle, the permanent-magnetic field of two kinds of different numbers of poles attracts each other to be coupled at the zone of specific wave number formation heteropolarity and reaches the purpose of carry-over moment and gear, but this is that a kind of pair of permanent magnetism is in the concept of specific region coupling speed change, although the magnetic gear of this structure has solved the fault of construction of few extreme difference magnetic gear off-centre, but because permanent-magnetic field can't regulate, so also can't realize moment dynamic adjustments with load variations.Thereby all going back nobody up to now both at home and abroad proposed and can change the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear that loading moment is dynamically followed the tracks of in magnetic field by regulating electric current; Moreover, at present both at home and abroad also nobody proposed with magnetic gear and magneto from magnetic structure thoroughly merge unified, have the magnetic gear speed change and magneto drives the new construction that function is complex as a whole, and such technical research and structure invention especially have great importance to the driving system of hybrid vehicle of parallel-connection structure and wind power generation, the controlled driving of submarine etc. for the engineering application.
Summary of the invention
At first, come the know-why of the mechanical type Harmonic Gears of analysis conventional by Fig. 1, among the figure: 3 be power shaft, and 20 have just taken turns for stator, and item 21 is flexible rotator, and item 22 is ripple generation runner; Symbol logo among the figure: n
b, n
rExpression input speed, output speed, Z
1The stator of expression mechanical type harmonic gear is the interior number of teeth of wheel 20 just, Z
2The outer number of teeth of the flexible rotator 21 of expression mechanical type harmonic gear, b
nThe wave number of the ripple generation runner 22 of expression mechanical type harmonic gear.When pack into the interior bowlder of flexible rotator 21 of ripple generation runner 22, force flexible rotator 21 to produce strains, make the gear teeth of its major axis place flexible rotator insert stator just in the wheel teeth groove of wheel 20, become complete engagement; And its minor axis place two-wheeled gear teeth do not contact fully, are in disengaged condition; Nibble out or engaging-in state by then being between the process that is engaged to disengagement.When ripple generation runner 22 rotates continuously, force flexible rotator 21 constantly to produce distortion, make the two-wheeled gear teeth in carrying out engaging-in, the process that meshes, nibble out, throw off, constantly change separately operating state, produced the motion of so-called side set, thus realized initiatively ripple generation runner 22 and the motion transmission of 21 of passive flexible rotators.Side set is the reason that motion produces in the Harmonic Gears, and stator has just been taken turns 20 interior tooth number Z
1Outer number of teeth Z with flexible rotator 21
2The number of teeth is poor very little, the poor Z of its number of teeth
1-Z
2=± b
nDetermined when ripple generation runner 22 circles flexible rotator 21 distortion and the number of stator steel wheel while mesh regional, i.e. wave number; Present multiplex double wave and three ripple transmissions.Fig. 1 is that wave number is b
n=+2 mechanical type harmonic gear double wave transmission principle figure; Under the condition of flexible rotator 21 rotation outputs shown in the figure, its gearratio is: n
b÷ n
r=-Z
2÷ (Z
1-Z
2The Z of)=-
2÷ (± b
n).
According to the principle of above-mentioned mechanical type Harmonic Gears technology, the purpose of present technique invention is to provide a kind of air gap flux density ripple can regulate the double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine new construction of variation with load.Basic conception of the present invention is, use for reference the principle of two transmission wheel set side sets motion in the mechanical type Harmonic Gears, and also periodically the saliency of alternation is theoretical to cause the air gap flux density ripple in conjunction with the salient pole type synchronous motor air-gap field because air-gap permeance changes at d-axis and friendship direction of principal axis, the salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor replacement that ripple generation runner 22 usefulness of Harmonic Gears high speed is had the magnetic conductance saliency, replace the just internal tooth of wheel 20 of stator with stator winding electricity excitation pole, with the external tooth on the permanent magnet replacement flexible rotator 21 of rare earth material, between salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor and the flexible rotator with permanent-magnet pole, all there is air gap between the stator of flexible rotator and charged field pole, the coaxial mounting structure of three is coupled by radial air gap magnetic field to each other.Pass through direct current I in the stator winding, the stator air gap will produce the fixing stationary magnetic field in space, the number of magnetic poles of stator field and rotor is poor very little, form fixing few extreme difference, the principle of the heteropolarity magnetic field suction by few extreme difference intercouples in the salient pole d-axis zone of the salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor of High Rotation Speed, drive the secondary low speed rotation of magnetic gear of few extreme difference, thereby form magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear speed change operating state; Pass to the multiphase pulse current i that has phase difference in the stator winding, the stator air gap will produce rotating magnetic field, this rotating magnetic field will with the high-speed rotating machine dynamic combined action that inputs to salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor from input port, driving is with the p-m rotor rotation of permanent-magnet pole, thus the compound operating state of formation magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear and magneto.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrate the principles and structure feature of this double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, among the figure: item 1 is front end housing, and item 2 is bearing I, and item 3 is power shaft, item 4 is bearing I I, item 5 is bolt, and item 6 is salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor, and item 7 is stator cage, item 8 is stator winding, item 9 is stator core, and item 10 is stator lead-out wire, and item 11 is screw, item 12 is the wave rotor end cap, item 13 is bearing I II, and item 14 is rear end cap, and item 15 is bearing I V, item 16 is output shaft, item 17 is rotor core, and item 18 is rotor permanent magnet, and item 19 is the driving power controller; Symbol logo among the figure: N represents that polarity is the permanent magnet of N, and S represents that polarity is the permanent magnet of S, n
bThe input speed of expression power shaft 3, n
rThe output speed of expression output shaft 16, n
sThe rotation rotating speed of expression stator field, 2p
sThe number of poles of expression stator winding 8,2p
rThe distribution number of poles of expression rotor permanent magnet 18, Z
bThe salient pole wave number of expression salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, Z
sThe line embedding groove number of expression stator core 9, B
BdBe illustrated in the straight axial air gap flux density ripple of salient pole of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, I represents the DC excitation electric current of harmonic wave electromagnetic gear state, and i represents the pulse current of electromagnetic gear and motor combined state.Fig. 2 is the radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave electromagnetic gear working method of built-in double wave rotor structure; Fig. 3 is the operation principle radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of external double wave rotor structure; Fig. 4 is the full profile of magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine axial arrangement of external wave rotor structure.
As seen from the figure, double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine exists is connected two mechanical output ports being connected with exterior mechanical and one by power shaft 3 and passes through the electric connection port that stator lead-out wire 10 and outside connect, corresponding clutch operating state, gear graduation transmission operating state, the compound operating state of gear motor, the compound operating state of gear power generation machine of existing with output shaft:
The first, clutch operating state: as shown in Figure 2, at driving power controller 19 not during output current, there is not a magnetic Field Coupling between stator and the birotor, drive connection is full decoupled, the rotation of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 can not drive the p-m rotor rotation with permanent-magnet pole, and this is the clutch operating state;
The second, gear graduation transmission operating state: as shown in Figure 2, when passing through direct current I in the stator winding 8, the stator air gap will produce the fixing stationary magnetic field in space, i.e. stator field rotation rotation speed n among the figure
s=0, the number of magnetic poles of stator field and rotor is poor very little, form fixing few extreme difference, the principle of the heteropolarity magnetic field suction by few extreme difference intercouples in the salient pole d-axis zone of the salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 of High Rotation Speed, drive the secondary low speed rotation of magnetic gear of few extreme difference, thereby form magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear speed change operating state; The operation principle of this state and mechanical type few teeth difference Harmonic Gears are similar, and power shaft 3 drives salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 around the axis High Rotation Speed when namely working, and orders about the current field of rotor permanent magnet 8 and stator winding 8 according to salient pole d-axis air gap flux density ripple B
BdAuto arrangement is integrated, and forms maximum, the d-axis magnetic condensation wave B of straight axial salient pole magnetic conductance
BdThe magnetic-coupled attraction state of heteropolarity the highest, that gravitation is the strongest, owing to few extreme difference reason fixing between stator electricity excitation magnetic field and p-m rotor, and make the friendship axle zone between the salient pole of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 just in time be in the air reluctance maximum, hand over the close minimum same polarity magnetic repulsion state of axle magnetic; To Fig. 2, double wave transmission Z shown in Figure 3
b=2, salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 p-m rotor that whenever rotates a circle then oppositely turns over 2Z
bThe magnetic pole angle of=4 p-m rotors, thus realize the mechanokinetic gear, and the size of the excitation DC electric current I of control inputs just can play the effect of regulating the stator air-gap field and changing output torque; The drive connection of this state satisfies n
r÷ n
b=1-(p
s÷ p
r), the direction of rotation that occurs minus negative number representation input and output in the drive connection is opposite;
Three, the compound operating state of gear motor: as shown in Figure 3, passing to frequency in stator winding 8 is f
sAnd have the multiphase pulse current i of phase difference, the stator air gap will produce rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field rotating speed is n
s=60 * f
s÷ p
s, this rotating magnetic field will with pass to from power shaft 3 salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, rotating speed is n
bThe mechanical output acting in conjunction, drive the p-m rotor rotation with permanent-magnet pole, its drive connection satisfies n
r÷ (n
b-n
s)=1-(p
s÷ p
r), thereby the compound operating state of formation magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear and magneto; Amplitude and pulse frequency f by driving power controller 19 regulating impulse current i
s, can realize in a big way output torque and the adjusting of output speed, thereby realize the needs of infinitely variable speeds bending moment;
Four, the compound operating state of gear power generation machine: by Fig. 3, Fig. 4 as can be known, when two mechanical ports that are connected with external impetus are all inputted different rotating speeds n by power shaft 3 and output shaft 16
bAnd n
rMechanical output the time, it is f that stator winding 8 will induce frequency
sAlternating potential, externally provide electrical power after processing by driving power controller 19, the stator air-gap field rotating speed of generating state is the synthetic n of two mechanical port input speeds
s=n
b-n
r* p
r÷ (p
r-p
s), stator winding 8 induced potential alternative frequencies are f
s=p
s* n
s÷ 60;
In sum, the following structural features of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine:
One, double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine exists by power shaft 3 and is connected two mechanical output ports and electric connection port that is connected with exterior mechanical with output shaft, wherein power shaft 3 is connected with salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, output shaft 16 is connected with p-m rotor, electrical port connects with driving power controller 19 by stator lead-out wire 10, and the main drive disk assembly that consists of this compound machine is: have 2p
sThe stator of utmost point stator winding 8, has 2p
rThe p-m rotor of individual rotor permanent magnet 18, has Z
bThe salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 of individual rotor wave number; More than main drive disk assembly satisfy in architectural feature: number of pole-pairs p
sAnd p
rNumber is poor less and be coprime each other positive integer pair, and has | p
s-p
r|=| Z
b|; Z
b=± 2 is double wave electric transmission mode, Z
b=± 3 is three ripple electric transmission modes, Z
b=± 4 is four ripple electric transmission modes; This compound machine is divided in working method: clutch working method, gear graduation transmission working method, the compound working method of gear motor, the compound working method of gear power generation machine, input speed n in all working mode
b, output speed n
r, the stator field rotation speed n
sWith stator alternating current frequency f
sAll satisfy motion composite structure relation constraint: n
r÷ (n
b-n
s)=1-(p
s÷ p
r), and n
s=60 * f
s÷ p
s, the direction of rotation that occurs minus negative number representation input and output in this drive connection structure is opposite;
Two, be the concentric type distributed architecture between the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, p-m rotor and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 threes, there is to each other air gap and is coupled by radial air gap magnetic field, power shaft 3 is fastenedly connected with salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 usefulness bolts 5, front end is connected with prime mover after bearing I2, front end housing 1 location is fixing, and wave rotor end cap 12 and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 location are rear to be fixed and be connected with output shaft 16 through bearing III 13 with screw 11; Output shaft 16 is fastenedly connected with the rotor core 17 of p-m rotor, and is connected with load machinery after fixing through bearing IV 15, rear end cap 14 location; Integral layout structure between two rotors of stator is divided into two kinds of forms: the first, with stator core 6 mounting arrangements of stator in the outermost external stator inner rotor core of two rotors, second, with stator core 6 mounting arrangements of stator in the internal stator outer-rotor structure of two rotor innermost layers; Two rotors also are divided into two kinds of versions on the assembling layout structure: the first, and the built-in wave rotor structure of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 within p-m rotor, the rotor wave number Z of this structure
bThe magnetic conduction number of poles that equals to protrude; The second, the external wave rotor structure of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 outside p-m rotor, the leading pole of this structure adopts hollow pawl electrode structure, its rotor wave number Z
bEqual the magnetic conduction number of poles of the hollow pawl utmost point;
Three, the distributed architecture of the rotor permanent magnet 18 of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine all adopts the form of the N utmost point, the in twos adjacent arrangement of S utmost point heteropolarity to install, dual mode is arranged: first on the mounting structure, permanent magnet is installed on the face magnetic-type structure on iron core surface, the second, permanent magnet is installed on the built-in type structure in the iron core slot;
Four, the air gap form between the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, p-m rotor and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 threes is divided into: first, the continuous cambered surface even air gap structure of concentric type, the inside and outside circle that is stator inner circle, p-m rotor cylindrical and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 is concentric circle arc plane, and all arc-shaped surface are the continuous cambered surface without sudden change; Second, the non-homogeneous gap structure of continuous cambered surface of eccentric arc formula, namely by the inside and outside circular arc of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 being arranged to the eccentric arc structure with stator inner circle and p-m rotor cylindrical decentraction, form the non-homogeneous gap structure that improves the air gap flux density waveform; The 3rd, can improve transmission resolution and the dynamic non-homogeneous gap structure of the discontinuous cambered surface of zigzag of stationarity for slotting on stator core 9 inner circles of permanent magnet built-in type structure and rotor core 17 cylindricals, just having formed.
The techno-economic effect that adopts technique scheme to reach:
Compare with standard machinery formula gear driving pair, the double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine that the present invention relates to has following obvious advantage:
1. energy-efficient, low carbon ring is protected: owing to eliminated the gear-driven contact friction of standard machinery formula, transmission efficiency is higher, belongs to the high-efficiency and energy-saving type product, meets low carbon ring and protects economic traits, and wide popularization and application can greatly be saved the energy, reduces carbon emission.
2. energy (moment) density is higher: the permanent-magnetic field of few extreme difference and the coupling technique of electromagnetic field so that the electromagnetic field couples degree improve than the magnetic gear transmission of magnetic-field modulation-type structure, the torque density that the magnetic material unit volume is transmitted is improved, and the torque density that this Novel series rare-earth magnetic travelling gear transmits is higher than 100kN.m/m
3For need being applied to the industrialization power transmission of high-torque and precision drive field, automatically controlled magnetic gear drive technology lays a good foundation.
3. without return difference, nothing wearing and tearing, reliability is high, the life-span is long: because machinery-free contact abrasion, not only eliminated the inevitable gear return difference puzzlement that mechanical gear causes because of backlash and wearing and tearing, and owing to lack the extreme difference magnetic Field Coupling so that the salient pole wave number of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor is limited, thoroughly improved the magnetic conduction grid number of teeth structure of magnetic field modulation magnetic gear, greatly improved the lifetime limitation of transmission mechanism, there is the using value of reality in the fields such as the Radar Servo tracking system of and frequent rotating high for positioning accuracy request, industrial robot servo-actuating device.
4. pollution-free, low noise: the noise that produces because of the engagement contact of tooth section when not having the mechanical gear transmission, also overcome few range magnetic gear because of the eccentric inherent shortcoming that shakes of causing, in addition magnetic gear need not lubricant grease, cleaning, without advantages such as greasy dirt, dustproof, waterproof, require the nuclear-powered submarine of high field such as long-term underwater navigation to reduce the body noise for noise vibration and have potential application value in army.
5. stable drive, regulate that control is convenient, buffer compartment is from, overload protection: the rotating speed gearratio is constant, and the dynamic instantaneous stability of rotating speed is high, operates steadily; Owing to increased the current regulation loop joint, thereby can realize regulating with the dynamic force moment of load variations, also can realize the stepless speed regulation requirement of certain limit simultaneously, this drives synthetic to hybrid power and clutch for clutch control has potential using value.In addition, cut off at any time drive connection because of driving and driven wheel spike during overload, can not damage load or prime mover; Prime mover and load machinery have been isolated by magnetic Field Coupling, the impact of available buffer impact load.
6. easy to process, technique is simple: need not expensive mechanical gear processing and checkout equipment, do not exist mechanical gear in design processing, usually to need the design processing of displacement correction loaded down with trivial details yet, all manufacturing process technologies are the technique of electric machine industry field maturation, the disposable apparatus small investment, be mainly assembling work, be convenient to organize large-scale pipeline production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that wave number is b
n=+2 mechanical type harmonic gear double wave transmission principle figure;
Fig. 2 is the radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave electromagnetic gear working method of built-in double wave rotor structure;
Fig. 3 is the operation principle radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of external double wave rotor structure;
Fig. 4 is the full profile of magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine axial arrangement of external wave rotor structure;
Fig. 5 is the operation principle radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of external three wave rotor structures;
Fig. 6 is the operation principle radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of built-in three wave rotor structures;
Fig. 7 is the radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave electromagnetic gear working method of external four wave rotor structures;
Fig. 8 is the operation principle radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of built-in four wave rotor structures;
Fig. 9 be external three wave rotor structures the stereochemical structure layout plan of the main drive disk assembly of magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine;
Figure 10 is the p-m rotor perspective view of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of built-in type permanent-magnet pole structure;
Figure 11 be external three wave rotor structures salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 perspective view of magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine.
Among the above figure: 1. front end housing, 2. bearing I, 3. power shaft, 4. bearing I I, 5. bolt, 6. salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor, 7. stator cage, 8. stator winding, 9. stator core, 10. stator lead-out wire, 11. screw, 12. wave rotor end caps, 13. bearing I II, 14. rear end cap, 15. bearing I V, 16. output shafts, 17. rotor core, 18. rotor permanent magnets, 19. driving power controllers; 20. stator is just taken turns, 21. flexible rotators, 22. ripple generation runners; Symbol logo among the figure: N represents that polarity is the permanent magnet of N, and S represents that polarity is the permanent magnet of S, n
bThe input speed of expression power shaft 3, n
rThe output speed of expression output shaft 16, n
sThe rotation rotating speed of expression stator field, 2p
sThe number of poles of expression stator winding 8,2p
rThe distribution number of poles of expression rotor permanent magnet 18, Z
bThe salient pole wave number of expression salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, Z
sThe line embedding groove number of expression stator core 9, B
BdBe illustrated in the straight axial air gap flux density ripple of salient pole of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, I represents the DC excitation electric current of harmonic wave electromagnetic gear state, and i represents the pulse current of electromagnetic gear and motor combined state; Z
1The stator of expression mechanical type harmonic gear is the interior number of teeth of wheel 20 just, Z
2The outer number of teeth of the flexible rotator 21 of expression mechanical type harmonic gear, b
nThe wave number of the ripple generation runner 22 of expression mechanical type harmonic gear.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments:
One, from Fig. 2, Fig. 3 as can be known, the operation principle of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine is: when passing through direct current I in the stator winding 8, the stator air gap will produce the fixing stationary magnetic field in space, i.e. stator field rotation rotation speed n among Fig. 2
s=0, the number of magnetic poles of stator field and rotor is poor very little, form fixing few extreme difference, the principle of the heteropolarity magnetic field suction by few extreme difference intercouples in the salient pole d-axis zone of the salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 of High Rotation Speed, drive the secondary low speed rotation of magnetic gear of few extreme difference, thereby form magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear speed change operating state, the size of the excitation DC electric current I of control inputs just can play the effect of regulating the stator air-gap field and changing output torque; Fig. 2 has showed the radial topology figure for the magnetic conductance harmonic wave electromagnetic gear working method of built-in double wave rotor structure; Fig. 7 has showed the radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave electromagnetic gear working method of external four wave rotor structures; Passing to frequency in stator winding 8 is f
sAnd it is n that the multiphase pulse current i that has phase difference, stator air gap will produce rotating speed
sRotating magnetic field, this rotating magnetic field will with pass to from power shaft 3 salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, rotating speed is n
bThe mechanical output acting in conjunction, drive the p-m rotor rotation with permanent-magnet pole, thereby form the compound operating state of magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear and magneto; Amplitude and pulse frequency f by driving power controller 19 regulating impulse current i
s, can realize in a big way output torque and the adjusting of output speed, thereby realize the needs of infinitely variable speeds bending moment; Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 have all showed the operation principle radial topology figure of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of various textural classifications.
Two, as can be seen from Figure 4, double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine exists by power shaft 3 is connected two mechanical output ports and electric connection port that is connected with exterior mechanical with output shaft, wherein power shaft 3 is connected with salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6, output shaft 16 is connected with p-m rotor, electrical port connects with driving power controller 19 by stator lead-out wire 10, and the main drive disk assembly that consists of this compound machine is: have 2p
sThe stator of utmost point stator winding 8, has 2p
rThe p-m rotor of individual rotor permanent magnet 18, has Z
bThe salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 of individual rotor wave number; More than main drive disk assembly satisfy in architectural feature: number of pole-pairs p
sAnd p
rNumber is poor less and be coprime each other positive integer pair, and has | p
s-p
r|=| Z
b|; Such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, Z
b=± 2 is double wave electric transmission mode, such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, Z
b=± 3 is three ripple electric transmission modes, such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, Z
b=± 4 is four ripple electric transmission modes; This compound machine is divided in working method: clutch working method, gear graduation transmission working method, the compound working method of gear motor, the compound working method of gear power generation machine, input speed n in all working mode
b, output speed n
r, the stator field rotation speed n
sWith stator alternating current frequency f
sAll satisfy motion composite structure relation constraint: n
r÷ (n
b-n
s)=1-(p
s÷ p
r), and n
s=60 * f
s÷ p
s, the direction of rotation that occurs minus negative number representation input and output in this drive connection structure is opposite.
Three, be the concentric type distributed architecture between the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, p-m rotor and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 threes, there is to each other air gap and is coupled by radial air gap magnetic field, power shaft 3 is fastenedly connected with salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 usefulness bolts 5, front end is connected with prime mover after bearing I2, front end housing 1 location is fixing, and wave rotor end cap 12 and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 location are rear to be fixed and be connected with output shaft 16 through bearing III 13 with screw 11; Output shaft 16 is fastenedly connected with the rotor core 17 of p-m rotor, and is connected with load machinery after fixing through bearing IV 15, rear end cap 14 location; Integral layout structure between two rotors of stator is divided into two kinds of forms: the first, with stator core 6 mounting arrangements of stator in the outermost external stator inner rotor core of two rotors, second, with stator core 6 mounting arrangements of stator in the internal stator outer-rotor structure of two rotor innermost layers; Two rotors also are divided into two kinds of versions on the assembling layout structure: the first, and the built-in wave rotor structure of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 within p-m rotor, such as Fig. 2, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 8, the rotor wave number Z of this structure
bThe magnetic conduction number of poles that equals to protrude; The second, the external wave rotor structure of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 outside p-m rotor, such as Fig. 3, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 7, the leading pole of this structure adopts hollow pawl electrode structure, its rotor wave number Z
bEqual the magnetic conduction number of poles of the hollow pawl utmost point.
Four, the distributed architecture of the rotor permanent magnet 18 of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine all adopts the form of the N utmost point, the in twos adjacent arrangement of S utmost point heteropolarity to install, dual mode is arranged: first on the mounting structure, permanent magnet is installed on the face magnetic-type structure on iron core surface, and Fig. 7 has showed the radial topology figure of magnetic conductance harmonic wave electromagnetic gear working method of the external four wave rotor structures of face magnetic-type; The second, permanent magnet is installed on the built-in type structure in the iron core slot; Figure 10 has showed the p-m rotor perspective view of the magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine of built-in type permanent-magnet pole structure.
Five, the air gap form between the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, p-m rotor and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 threes is divided into: first, the continuous cambered surface even air gap structure of concentric type, the inside and outside circle that is stator inner circle, p-m rotor cylindrical and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 is concentric circle arc plane, and all arc-shaped surface are the continuous cambered surface without sudden change; Second, the non-homogeneous gap structure of continuous cambered surface of eccentric arc formula, namely by the inside and outside circular arc of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 being arranged to the eccentric arc structure with stator inner circle and p-m rotor cylindrical decentraction, form the non-homogeneous gap structure that improves the air gap flux density waveform; The 3rd, can improve transmission resolution and the dynamic non-homogeneous gap structure of the discontinuous cambered surface of zigzag of stationarity for slotting on stator core 9 inner circles of permanent magnet built-in type structure and rotor core 17 cylindricals, just having formed.
Six, the salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine adopts the solid steel machine-shaping of magnetic conduction, the magnetic conduction number of poles of its hollow pawl utmost point or solid salient pole number of poles Z
bEqual the rotor wave number, salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 leading pole zones offer several radially-arranged magnet isolation tanks, the minimum widith of magnet isolation tank doubles maximum air gap length, salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 is divided into two kinds of forms towards the arc surface of permanent-magnet stator and p-m rotor: the first, isocentric circular arc, second, eccentric arc; The leading pole of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 also is divided into two kinds of versions: the first, with the rotary middle spindle line parallel directly to the form leading pole, Figure 11 has showed straight wave rotor structure to the form leading pole, the second, be oblique form leading pole with the pivot axial space, tiltedly utmost point pole span equals the anode-cathode distance of a p-m rotor permanent-magnet pole; Salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor 6 is fastenedly connected by the seam location and with bolt 5 and power shaft 3.
Seven, the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine is by having Z
sThe stator core 9 of individual line embedding groove, formation 2p
sThe stator winding 8 of individual magnetic pole of the stator, stator cage 7, the stator lead-out wire 10 that connects with the external electrical port consist of, stator core 9 by silicon plate through punching press, be welded as integral body, stator winding 8 is installed in the line embedding groove of stator core 9, and stator core 9 tight fits are installed in the stator cage 7; Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11 show respectively the perspective view of assembly structure stereogram, p-m rotor and the salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor of main drive disk assembly.
Above-described only is the preferred implementation of present technique invention; for a person skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present technique inventive principle; can also make some malformations and improvement (being designed to the internal stator outer-rotor structure such as the general structure improvement that will the present invention relates to); these also should be considered as the protection range of present technique invention, and these can not affect effect and practicality that the present technique invention is implemented.
Claims (3)
1. double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine is characterized in that:
One, double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine exists by power shaft (3) and is connected 16 with output shaft) two mechanical output ports and an electric connection port of being connected with exterior mechanical, wherein power shaft (3) is connected with salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6), output shaft (16) is connected with p-m rotor, electrical port connects with driving power controller (19) by stator lead-out wire (10), and the main drive disk assembly that consists of this compound machine is: have 2p
sThe stator of utmost point stator winding (8), has 2p
rThe p-m rotor of individual rotor permanent magnet (18), has Z
bThe salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) of individual rotor wave number; More than main drive disk assembly satisfy in architectural feature: number of pole-pairs p
sAnd p
rNumber is poor less and be coprime each other positive integer pair, and has | p
s-p
r|=| Z
b|; Z
b=± 2 is double wave electric transmission mode, Z
b=± 3 is three ripple electric transmission modes, Z
b=± 4 is four ripple electric transmission modes; This compound machine is divided in working method: clutch working method, gear graduation transmission working method, the compound working method of gear motor, the compound working method of gear power generation machine, input speed n in all working mode
b, output speed n
r, the stator field rotation speed n
sWith stator alternating current frequency f
sAll satisfy motion composite structure relation constraint: n
r÷ (n
b-n
s)=1-(p
s÷ p
r), and n
s=60 * f
s÷ p
s, the direction of rotation that occurs minus negative number representation input and output in this drive connection structure is opposite;
Two, the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, be the concentric type distributed architecture between p-m rotor and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) three, there is to each other air gap and is coupled by radial air gap magnetic field, power shaft (3) is fastenedly connected with bolt (5) with salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6), front end is through bearing I (2), is connected with prime mover after front end housing (1) location is fixing, wave rotor end cap (12) and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) are located and are fixed and be connected with output shaft (16) through bearing III (13) with screw (11) afterwards; Output shaft (16) is fastenedly connected with the rotor core (17) of p-m rotor, and is connected with load machinery after fixing through bearing IV (15), rear end cap (14) location; Integral layout structure between two rotors of stator is divided into two kinds of forms: the first, with stator core (6) mounting arrangements of stator in the outermost external stator inner rotor core of two rotors, second, with stator core (6) mounting arrangements of stator in the internal stator outer-rotor structure of two rotor innermost layers; Two rotors also are divided into two kinds of versions on the assembling layout structure: the first, and the built-in wave rotor structure of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) within p-m rotor, the rotor wave number Z of this structure
bThe magnetic conduction number of poles that equals to protrude; The second, the external wave rotor structure of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) outside p-m rotor, the leading pole of this structure adopts hollow pawl electrode structure, its rotor wave number Z
bEqual the magnetic conduction number of poles of the hollow pawl utmost point;
Three, the distributed architecture of the rotor permanent magnet (18) of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine all adopts the form of the N utmost point, the in twos adjacent arrangement of S utmost point heteropolarity to install, dual mode is arranged: first on the mounting structure, permanent magnet is installed on the face magnetic-type structure on iron core surface, the second, permanent magnet is installed on the built-in type structure in the iron core slot;
Four, the air gap form between the stator of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine, p-m rotor and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) three is divided into: first, the continuous cambered surface even air gap structure of concentric type, the inside and outside circle that is stator inner circle, p-m rotor cylindrical and salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) is concentric circle arc plane, and all arc-shaped surface are the continuous cambered surface without sudden change; Second, the non-homogeneous gap structure of continuous cambered surface of eccentric arc formula, namely by the inside and outside circular arc of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) being arranged to the eccentric arc structure with stator inner circle and p-m rotor cylindrical decentraction, form the non-homogeneous gap structure that improves the air gap flux density waveform; The 3rd, can improve transmission resolution and the dynamic non-homogeneous gap structure of the discontinuous cambered surface of zigzag of stationarity for slotting on stator core (9) inner circle of permanent magnet built-in type structure and rotor core (17) cylindrical, just having formed.
2. a kind of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) adopts the solid steel machine-shaping of magnetic conduction, the magnetic conduction number of poles of its hollow pawl utmost point or solid salient pole number of poles Z
bEqual the rotor wave number, salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) leading pole zone offers several radially-arranged magnet isolation tanks, the minimum widith of magnet isolation tank doubles maximum air gap length, salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) is divided into two kinds of forms towards the arc surface of permanent-magnet stator and p-m rotor: the first, isocentric circular arc, second, eccentric arc; The leading pole of salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) also is divided into two kinds of versions: the first, with the rotary middle spindle line parallel directly to the form leading pole, the second, be oblique form leading pole with the pivot axial space, tiltedly utmost point pole span equals the anode-cathode distance of a p-m rotor permanent-magnet pole; Salient pole type magnetic conductance wave rotor (6) is fastenedly connected by the seam location and with bolt (5) and power shaft (3).
3. a kind of double mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic wave formula electromagnetic gear composite magnetoelectric machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: stator is by having Z
sThe stator core of individual line embedding groove (9), formation 2p
sThe stator winding of individual magnetic pole of the stator (8), stator cage (7), the stator lead-out wire (10) that connects with the external electrical port consist of, stator core (9) by silicon plate through punching press, be welded as integral body, stator winding (8) is installed in the line embedding groove of stator core (9), and stator core (9) tight fit is installed in the stator cage (7).
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| CN201210112820.0A CN103378711B (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2012-04-17 | Dual mechanical port magnetic conductance harmonic type electromagnetic gear composite permanent magnet motor |
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