CN112886789B - Magnetism-gathering Halbach small-range-difference magnetic gear reducer - Google Patents
Magnetism-gathering Halbach small-range-difference magnetic gear reducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886789B CN112886789B CN202110123637.XA CN202110123637A CN112886789B CN 112886789 B CN112886789 B CN 112886789B CN 202110123637 A CN202110123637 A CN 202110123637A CN 112886789 B CN112886789 B CN 112886789B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
- H02K49/106—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with a radial air gap
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic gear transmission, and particularly relates to a magnetism-gathering Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer which comprises a casing, end covers and an input shaft, wherein two stator magnetic steels which are arranged side by side at intervals are arranged on the inner wall of the casing, two rotor discs which are arranged side by side at intervals and have space phases which are 180 degrees different from each other are sleeved on the input shaft, one rotor magnetic steel is respectively sleeved on each of the two rotor discs, a non-magnetic-conductive baffle is respectively arranged on the input shaft and positioned on two sides of a single rotor magnetic steel, a crank shaft is also jointly and serially connected on the two rotor discs, two ends of the crank shaft are respectively connected with the two end covers, and the stator magnetic steels and the rotor magnetic steels are both in a magnetism-gathering Halbach array arrangement structure. The magnetic gear reducer breaks through the bottlenecks of friction clearance and the like of mechanical gears, and compared with a mechanical reducer, the magnetic gear reducer has the advantages of low noise, no friction, high efficiency, high durability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic gear transmission, and particularly relates to a magnetism-gathering Halbach small-range-difference magnetic gear reducer which realizes non-contact transmission by utilizing a magnetic gear.
Background
In industrial applications, it is often necessary to implement variable speed and variable torque transmissions, such as: the fields of wind power generation and hydroelectric generation need to convert the potential energy of wind energy and water with extremely low and variable rotating speeds into mechanical kinetic energy for generating at high rotating speeds, and the fields of electric automobiles and submarines need to convert the high-speed mechanical power of a driving motor into mechanical power with very low rotating speeds and very large torque. The conventional method is to realize the requirement of variable-speed variable-torque transmission by means of a mechanical gear variable-speed transmission technology, but the mechanical gear also brings some problems which cannot be eliminated, such as mechanical fatigue, friction loss, vibration noise and the like, and although a grease lubrication technology can be adopted, the problems can not be solved, so that the use and the maintenance are extremely complicated.
China is the most abundant world with rare earth permanent magnetic materials, and the application of the rare earth permanent magnetic materials is greatly developed. In recent years, with the development requirements of new energy application fields such as wind power generation, electric automobiles and the like, technical breakthrough of mechanical transmission is realized at home and abroad on a novel magnetic gear transmission technology, in 2014, domestic scholars propose a small-range transmission structure, design and prototype verification work of a common radial magnetizing and axial magnetizing small-range gear are practically completed, and the torque density of the small-range transmission structure can reach 100kNm/m 3 . Later, scholars at home and abroad explore magnetic gear with magnetic gathering structure and Halbach structure with small pole difference, although the torque density of the magnetic gear with small pole difference is improved, the theoretically calculated torque density reaches 290kNm/m 3 However, compared with a mechanical gear, the torque density of the gear has a certain gap, and the industrial application of the magnetic gear is limited, so that the research of a new topological structure for improving the torque density of the magnetic gear is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a magnetic-concentrating Halbach magnetic gear reducer with small pole difference, and aims to solve the problem of space improvement of torque density of a magnetic gear with small pole difference.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a gather magnetism Halbach few pole difference magnetism gear reducer, which comprises a housing, divide the end cover of locating the casing both sides and locate in the casing and one end expose the input shaft of casing one side end cover, be equipped with two stator magnet steel of interval arrangement side by side on the inner wall of casing, the cover is equipped with two rotor discs that interval arrangement side by side and space phase alternate 180 on the input shaft, it is equipped with a rotor magnet steel to overlap respectively on two rotor discs, two rotor magnet steel and two stator magnet steel one-to-ones respectively, the both sides that are located single rotor magnet steel on the input shaft are equipped with a non-magnetic conduction baffle respectively, still cluster jointly on two rotor discs is equipped with the crank shaft, the both ends of crank shaft are connected with two end covers respectively, stator magnet steel and rotor magnet steel all become and gather magnetism Habach array arrangement structure.
Adopt above-mentioned scheme: the number of pole pairs distributed by the stator magnetic steel is p 1 The pole pair number of the rotor magnetic steel distribution is p 2 The magnetic-gathering Halbach array enables the transmission power to be input from an input shaft and transmitted to the rotor disc, so that the rotor disc does eccentric disturbance (circular translation), and the rotor disc does self-rotation motion due to attraction of a magnetic field when the rotor disc does eccentric disturbance, and the self-rotation motion is transmitted to the end cover by the crank shaft to transmit torque. In the mechanical structure design, the single-side magnetic pulling force on the rotor disks is considered to be larger, so that the double rotor disks are adopted, and the structure with the mutual difference of the space phase of the double rotor disks by 180 degrees is adopted to counteract the influence of the single-side magnetic pulling force on the bearing.
Further, the pole pair number p of the stator magnetic steel 1 And the number p of pole pairs of rotor magnetic steel 2 Satisfies the following conditions: p is a radical of 1 -p 2 ＝1。
Further, the eccentricity e between the rotor disc and the casing and the inner diameter D of the rotor magnetic steel 1 And outer diameter D 2 Inner diameter D of stator magnetic steel 3 And outer diameter D 4 And satisfies the following conditions:
D 2 -D 1 ＝D 4 -D 3 ；
further, the moment of momentum T transmitted by the input shaft 1 And a rotational speed n 1 Moment of momentum T from end cap 2 And a rotational speed n 2 And satisfies the following conditions:
furthermore, a deep groove ball bearing is respectively arranged between the input shaft and the two end covers, and a rolling needle/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing is respectively arranged between the input shaft and the two rotor disks.
Furthermore, a bearing seat is arranged on the inner wall of the casing corresponding to the end cover, and an angular contact ball bearing and a labyrinth sealing ring are arranged between the bearing seat and the end cover.
Furthermore, the number of the crank shafts is three, the crank shafts are uniformly distributed in a ring mode relative to the input shaft, and a tapered roller bearing is arranged between each crank shaft and each end cover.
Further, a fixing rod penetrating through the two rotor disks is connected between the two end covers.
Furthermore, the magnetic concentration Halbach array arrangement structure comprises axial magnetizing permanent magnets and radial magnetizing permanent magnets which are distributed in an annular shape and are arranged in a crossed mode, and the inner side and the outer side of each radial magnetizing permanent magnet are respectively provided with a magnetic conduction block.
Furthermore, the axial magnetizing permanent magnet, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet and the magnetic conduction block are all fan-shaped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: this gather magnetism Halbach few range magnetic gear reduction gear possesses: one is high efficiency, because the contact friction of common mechanical gear transmission is eliminated, the transmission loss only comprises some iron core losses, theoretically, the highest transmission efficiency can reach 98 percent, and is generally improved by 10 percent compared with the mechanical gear transmission; secondly, the torque density is high, the torque density transmitted by the unit volume of the magnetic material is improved by times (10 times of that of a common motor), and the theoretical calculated value of the torque density is higher than 300kN.m/m 3 Compared with the common radial magnetizing topology, the magnetic field generator is improved by 3 times; the third one is that there is no return difference, no abrasion, and the reliability is high, the life-span is long, because there is no mechanical contact to rub and decrease, not merely dispel the mechanical gear because of the backlash and abrasion and cause the inevitable gear return difference puzzlement, and has greatly improved the life-span limit of the drive mechanism, have realistic application value to fields such as radar servo tracking system, industrial robot servo drive mechanism, etc. that the positioning accuracy requires extremely high and frequent positive and negative rotation; fourthly, the device has no pollution, low noise and no reason for mechanical gear transmissionThe tooth part is meshed and contacted to generate vibration noise, lubricating grease is not needed, and the gear is clean, free of oil stain, dustproof, waterproof and the like.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional assembly explosion diagram of the magnetic Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer.
FIG. 2 is an axial full sectional view of the magnetic-gathering Halbach small-range magnetic gear reducer.
FIG. 3 is a radial full sectional view of a plane structure of the magnetic Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer.
FIG. 4 is a transmission principle diagram of the magnetic-gathering Halbach small-range magnetic gear reducer.
Reference numerals: the magnetic bearing comprises an end cover 1, a tapered roller bearing 2, a needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing 3, a non-magnetic-conduction baffle 4, a rotor disc 5, an angular contact ball bearing 6, a bearing seat 7, a machine shell 8, stator magnetic steel 9, rotor magnetic steel 10, a fixing rod 11, a deep groove ball bearing 12, an input shaft 13, a crank shaft 14, a labyrinth seal ring 15, a circumferential magnetizing permanent magnet 16, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet 17 and a magnetic conduction block 18.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; for a better explanation of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the magnetic-gathering Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer according to the present embodiment includes a casing 8, an input shaft 13 disposed in the casing and extending out of one side of the casing, two end caps 1 disposed in the casing and symmetrically disposed in the casing, six tapered roller bearings 2, two needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combination bearings 3, two non-magnetic-conductive baffles 4, two rotor discs 5, two angular contact ball bearings 6, two bearing seats 7, two sets of stator magnetic steels 9, two sets of rotor magnetic steels 10, two deep groove ball bearings 12, two labyrinth seal rings 15, three fixing rods 11 and three crank shafts 14 annularly disposed with respect to the input shaft 13. The two groups of stator magnetic steels 9 are arranged on the inner wall of the shell side by side at intervals, the two rotor disks are arranged on the input shaft 13 side by side at intervals, the two rotor disks 5 are respectively provided with rotor magnetic steels 10 which correspond to the two groups of stator magnetic steels 9 one by one and have a difference of 180 degrees in spatial phase, the two sides of the single group of rotor magnetic steels 10 on the input shaft 13 are respectively provided with a non-magnetic baffle 4, the two rotor disks 5 are also jointly and serially provided with a crank shaft 14, the two ends of the crank shaft 14 are respectively connected with the two end covers 1, a deep groove ball bearing 12 is respectively arranged between the input shaft 13 and the two end covers 1, and a needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing 3 is respectively arranged between the input shaft 13 and the two rotor disks 5; a bearing seat 7 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 8 corresponding to the end cover 1, and an angular contact ball bearing 6 and a labyrinth sealing ring 15 are arranged between the bearing seat 7 and the end cover 1; the crank shafts 14 are provided in three, and are uniformly annularly arranged with respect to the input shaft 13,and a tapered roller bearing 2 is respectively arranged between the crank shaft 14 and the two end covers 1; fixing rods 11 penetrating through the two rotor disks 5 are connected between the two end covers 1, and the number of the fixing rods is three, and the fixing rods are of special-shaped structures; the stator magnetic steel 9 and the rotor magnetic steel 10 are both formed into a magnetic flux gathering Halbach array arrangement structure, and the number p of pole pairs of the stator magnetic steel 1 And the number p of pole pairs of rotor magnetic steel 2 Satisfies the following conditions: p is a radical of 1 -p 2 =1; the magnetic concentration Halbach array arrangement structure comprises circumferential magnetizing permanent magnets 16 and radial magnetizing permanent magnets 17 which are distributed in an annular shape and are arranged in a crossed mode, magnetic blocks 18 are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of each radial magnetizing permanent magnet 17, and the circumferential magnetizing permanent magnets 16, the radial magnetizing permanent magnets 17 and the magnetic blocks 18 are all fan-shaped.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the number of pole pairs distributed by the stator magnetic steel is p 1 The pole pair number of the rotor magnetic steel distribution is p 2 The magnetic-gathering Halbach array enables the transmission power to be input from an input shaft and transmitted to the rotor disc, so that the rotor disc does eccentric disturbance (circular translation), and the rotor disc does self-rotation motion due to attraction of a magnetic field when the rotor disc does eccentric disturbance, and the self-rotation motion is transmitted to the end cover by the crank shaft to transmit torque. In the mechanical structure design, the single-side magnetic pulling force on the rotor disks is considered to be larger, so that the double rotor disks are adopted, and the influence of the single-side magnetic pulling force on the bearing is reduced by a structure that the space phase of the double rotor disks is 180 degrees different from that of the double rotor disks.
In this embodiment, D 1 Indicating the inner diameter, D, of rotor magnet steel 10 2 Indicating the outer diameter, D, of rotor magnet steel 10 3 Indicating the inner diameter, D, of stator magnet steel 9 4 Denotes the outer diameter of the stator magnet steel 9, e denotes the eccentricity of the rotor disk 5, p 1 Representing stator magnet steel 9 pole pairs, p 2 The number of pole pairs of rotor magnetic steel 10 is expressed, and the number satisfies the following constraint:
in the present embodiment, the driving moment T 1 Rotational speed n 1 Is input by an input shaft and is transmitted to the left rotor disc and the right rotor disc, so thatThe rotor disk does eccentric disturbance (circular translation), and when the rotor disk does eccentric disturbance, the rotor disk is attracted by a magnetic field and also does autorotation motion, the autorotation motion is transmitted to the left end cover 1 and the right end cover 1 by the crank shaft 14, and the output torque T is transmitted 2 Rotational speed n 2 The torque transmission satisfies the following constraint:
the rotor disk in the embodiment has eccentricity and revolution and rotation around the rotation central axis, and is provided with a pole pair number p 2 The rotor magnetic steel; the magnetic-gathering Halbach array arrangement structure adopted by the rotor magnetic steel is in a fan-shaped three-dimensional form made of permanent magnetic materials and magnetic materials, the magnetic-gathering Halbach array arrangement structure is installed and fastened on the outer surface of the periphery of a rotor disc, the rotor disc is made of non-magnetic stainless steel plates through conventional slow-walking wire processing, and a crank shaft hole which transmits the rotation of the rotor disc to the end cover 1 is processed on the rotor disc. By the same token, has the number of pole pairs of p 1 The stator magnetic steel adopts the same magnetism-gathering Halbach array arrangement structure, is made into a fan-shaped three-dimensional form by using a permanent magnetic material and a magnetic conductive material, is installed and fastened on the inner surface of the machine shell 8, and is fastened and assembled with the machine shell into a whole.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A magnetism-gathering Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer comprises a machine shell (8), end covers (1) respectively arranged on two sides of the machine shell and an input shaft (13) arranged in the machine shell, wherein one end of the input shaft is exposed out of the end cover on one side of the machine shell, the magnetism-gathering Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer is characterized in that two stator magnetic steels (9) which are arranged side by side at intervals are arranged on the inner wall of the machine shell, two rotor disks (5) which are arranged side by side at intervals and have 180-degree spatial phase difference are sleeved on the input shaft, one rotor magnetic steel (10) is respectively sleeved on each of the two rotor disks, the two rotor magnetic steels correspond to the two stator magnetic steels one by one, two non-magnetic baffle plates (4) are respectively arranged on the input shaft and positioned on two sides of a single rotor magnetic steel, crank shafts (14) are also commonly and are arranged in series, and are uniformly distributed around the input shaft; two ends of the crank shaft are respectively connected with two end covers, and a fixed rod (11) penetrating through the two rotor discs is connected between the two end covers; the stator magnetic steel and the rotor magnetic steel both form a magnetic flux gathering Habach array arrangement structure.
2. The magnetic Halbach magnetic gear reducer with small pole difference as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number p of pole pairs of the stator magnetic steel 1 And the number p of pole pairs of rotor magnetic steel 2 Satisfies the following conditions: p is a radical of 1 -p 2 ＝1。
3. The magnetic Halbach small-pole-difference gear reducer of claim 2, wherein the eccentricity e between the rotor disc and the casing and the inner diameter D of the rotor magnetic steel 1 And an outer diameter D 2 Inner diameter D of stator magnetic steel 3 And outer diameter D 4 And satisfies the following conditions:
D 2 -D 1 ＝D 4 -D 3 ；
4. the magnetic Halbach magnetic reducer with small pole difference as claimed in claim 3, wherein the input shaft transmits a kinetic torque T 1 And a rotational speed n 1 Moment T of force transmitted from end cap 2 And a rotational speed n 2 Satisfies the following conditions:
5. a magnetic-gathering Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that a deep groove ball bearing (12) is respectively arranged between the input shaft and two end covers, and a needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combination bearing (3) is respectively arranged between the input shaft and two rotor discs.
6. A magnetic-gathering Halbach small-pole-difference magnetic gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing seat (7) is provided on the inner wall of the casing corresponding to the end cover, and an angular contact ball bearing (6) and a labyrinth seal ring (15) are provided between the bearing seat and the end cover.
7. A magnetic Halbach small-pole-difference gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein a tapered roller bearing (2) is provided between the crankshaft and each of the two end covers.
8. The magnetic Halbach small-pole-difference gear reducer is characterized in that the magnetic Halbach array arrangement structure comprises circumferential magnetizing permanent magnets (16) and radial magnetizing permanent magnets (17) which are distributed in an annular shape and are arranged in a crossed mode, and the inner side and the outer side of each radial magnetizing permanent magnet are respectively provided with a magnetic conduction block (18).
9. The magnetic Halbach small-pole-difference gear reducer according to claim 8, wherein the circumferential magnetizing permanent magnet, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet and the magnetic conducting block are all fan-shaped.
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| CN113394911B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-11-22 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Small-range eccentric magnetic gear transmission device |
| CN113890304A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | 三峡大学 | Magnetic gear with convex Halbach array and Spoke structure |
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