CN112886789B - Magnetism-gathering Halbach small-range-difference magnetic gear reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic gear transmission, and in particular relates to a Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few pole differences, which includes a casing, an end cover and an input shaft, and two stator magnets arranged side by side and at intervals are arranged on the inner wall of the casing , the input shaft is set with two rotor disks arranged side by side at intervals and with a spatial phase difference of 180°. The two rotor disks are respectively sleeved with a rotor magnet, and the input shaft is located on both sides of a single rotor magnet. There is a non-magnetic baffle, and a crankshaft is arranged in series on the two rotor disks. The two ends of the crankshaft are respectively connected with the two end covers. Both the stator magnet and the rotor magnet are arranged in a magnetically concentrated Halbach array. The magnetic gear reducer of the present invention breaks through bottlenecks such as "frictional clearance" of mechanical gears. Compared with mechanical reducers, the magnetic gear reducer has the advantages of low noise, no friction, high efficiency, and high durability.

Description

A Magnetic Concentration Halbach Magnetic Gear Reducer with Less Pole Difference

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic gear transmission, and in particular relates to a Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few pole differences, which uses magnetic gears to realize non-contact transmission.

Background technique

In the field of industrial applications, it is often necessary to realize variable speed and variable torque transmission. For example, in the field of wind power generation and hydropower generation, it is necessary to convert the potential energy of extremely low-speed and variable wind energy and water into high-speed mechanical kinetic energy for power generation. In the field of electric vehicles and submarine drives It is also necessary to transform the high-speed mechanical power of the driving motor into a mechanical power with a very low rotational speed and a large torque. The existing conventional method is to use the mechanical gear variable speed transmission technology to achieve the requirements of variable speed and variable torque transmission, but the mechanical gear also brings some irreversible problems, such as mechanical fatigue, friction loss, vibration noise, etc., although grease lubrication can be used Technology, but the above problems still cannot be eradicated, resulting in extremely cumbersome use and maintenance.

China is the country with the most abundant rare earth permanent magnet materials in the world, and it is of practical significance to vigorously develop the application of rare earth materials. In recent years, with the development needs of new energy applications such as wind power generation and electric vehicles, domestic and foreign countries have begun to achieve technical breakthroughs in mechanical transmission in the new magnetic gear transmission technology. In 2014, domestic scholars proposed a transmission structure with less extreme difference. In practice, the design and prototype verification of ordinary radially magnetized and axially magnetized less-extreme gears have been completed, and the torque density can reach 100kNm/m ³ . Later, scholars at home and abroad explored magnetic gears with less extreme differences in magnetic-concentration structures and magnetic gears with less extreme differences in Halbach structures. Although the torque density of magnetic gears with less extreme differences was improved, the theoretically calculated torque density reached 290kNm/m ³ , but the relative Compared with mechanical gears, the torque density still has a certain gap, which limits the industrial application of magnetic gears. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore a new topology to improve the torque density of magnetic gears.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences, aiming to solve the problem of room for improvement of the torque density of magnetic gears with less extreme differences.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A magnetic Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences, including a casing, end covers on both sides of the casing, and an input shaft that is arranged in the casing and exposes the end cover on one side of the casing, on the inner wall of the casing There are two stator magnets arranged side by side at intervals, and two rotor disks arranged side by side with a space phase difference of 180° are set on the input shaft. A rotor magnet is respectively sleeved on the two rotor disks, and the two rotors The magnets correspond to the two stator magnets one by one. A non-magnetic baffle is provided on the input shaft and on both sides of a single rotor magnet. A crankshaft is arranged in series on the two rotor disks. The crankshaft The two ends of each are respectively connected with two end covers, and the stator magnets and the rotor magnets are arranged in a Habach array structure.

The above scheme is adopted: through the magnetic concentration Halbach array with the number of pole pairs distributed by the stator magnetic steel being p ₁ , and the magnetic concentration Halbach array with the number of pole pairs distributed by the rotor magnetic steel being p ₂ , the power of the transmission is input from the input shaft and transmitted Give the rotor disk to make the rotor disk do eccentric disturbance (circumferential translation), and when the rotor disk is doing eccentric disturbance, due to the attraction of the magnetic field, it also performs self-rotation movement, and the self-rotation movement will be transmitted to the end cover by the crankshaft, and the torque pass it on. In the design of the mechanical structure, considering the large unilateral magnetic pull on the rotor disk, a double rotor disk is used, and the space phase difference between the two is 180° to offset the influence of the unilateral magnetic pull on the bearing.

Further, the number of pole pairs p ₁ of the stator magnetic steel and the number of pole pairs p ₂ of the rotor magnetic steel satisfy: p ₁ −p ₂ =1.

Further, the eccentricity e between the rotor disc and the housing, the inner diameter D ₁ and outer diameter D ₂ of the rotor magnet, and the inner diameter D ₃ and outer diameter D ₄ of the stator magnet meet:

D ₂ -D ₁ =D ₄ -D ₃ ;

Further, the power torque T ₁ and speed n ₁ introduced by the input shaft, and the power torque T ₂ and speed n ₂ transmitted by the end cover satisfy:

Further, a deep groove ball bearing is respectively arranged between the input shaft and the two end covers, and a needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing is respectively arranged between the input shaft and the two rotor discs.

Further, the casing is provided with a bearing seat on the inner wall corresponding to the end cover, and an angular contact ball bearing and a labyrinth sealing ring are provided between the bearing seat and the end cover.

Further, there are three crankshafts, which are uniformly arranged around the input shaft, and a tapered roller bearing is respectively arranged between the crankshaft and the two end covers.

Further, a fixing rod passing through the two rotor disks is connected between the two end covers.

Further, the magnetic concentration Halbach array structure includes annularly distributed and cross-arranged axially magnetized permanent magnets and radially charged permanent magnets, and the inner and outer sides of the radially charged permanent magnets are respectively provided with a magnetic conduction block.

Further, the axially magnetized permanent magnets, the radially magnetized permanent magnets, and the magnetically permeable blocks are all fan-shaped.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the Halbach magnetic gear reducer with less extreme difference has the following advantages: first, high efficiency, because the contact friction of ordinary mechanical gear transmission is eliminated, the transmission loss only includes some iron core losses, and the transmission efficiency is theoretically the highest It can reach 98%, which is generally 10% higher than that of mechanical gear transmission; the second is the high torque density, which doubles the torque density transmitted per unit volume of magnetic materials (10 times that of ordinary motors), and the theoretical calculation of torque density The value is higher than 300kN.m/m ³ , which is 3 times higher than that of the ordinary radial magnetization topology; the third is no hysteresis, no wear, high reliability and long life. Due to no mechanical contact wear, not only eliminates It eliminates the inevitable gear backlash trouble caused by backlash and wear of mechanical gears, and greatly improves the life limit of the transmission mechanism. For radar servo tracking systems with high positioning accuracy and frequent positive and negative rotations, industrial robot servo drives Mechanisms and other fields have practical application value; the fourth is pollution-free, low noise, there is no vibration noise caused by gear meshing contact during mechanical gear transmission, and there is no need for lubricating grease, clean, oil-free, dust-proof, waterproof, etc. .

Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be set forth in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the investigation and research below, or can be obtained from Taught in the practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the following specification.

Description of drawings

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional assembly exploded view of the present invention's magnetic concentration Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences.

Fig. 2 is an axial full sectional view of the magnetic gear reducer of the magnetic concentration Halbach with few extreme differences of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a radial full cross-sectional view of the planar structure of the Halbach few-polar-difference magnetic gear reducer of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a transmission principle diagram of the magnetic gear reducer of the magnetic concentration Halbach with few extreme differences of the present invention.

Reference signs: 1 is an end cover, 2 is a tapered roller bearing, 3 is a needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing, 4 is a non-magnetic baffle, 5 is a rotor disc, 6 is an angular contact ball bearing, 7 8 is the housing, 9 is the stator magnetic steel, 10 is the rotor magnetic steel, 11 is the fixed rod, 12 is the deep groove ball bearing, 13 is the input shaft, 14 is the crankshaft, 15 is the labyrinth seal ring, 16 17 is a radially magnetized permanent magnet, and 18 is a magnetic permeable block.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments are only schematically illustrating the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

Wherein, the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and represent only schematic diagrams, rather than physical drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, Enlargement or reduction does not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that certain known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

Please refer to Fig. 1-4, a kind of Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences of magnetic concentration involved in this example, including an organic casing 8, an input shaft 13 arranged in the casing and protruding from one side of the casing, and a set Two end covers 1, six tapered roller bearings 2, two needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearings 3, two non-magnetic baffles 4, and two rotors are located in the casing and distributed symmetrically. Disc 5, two angular contact ball bearings 6, two bearing housings 7, two sets of stator magnets 9, two sets of rotor magnets 10, two deep groove ball bearings 12, two labyrinth seal rings 15, and relative to The input shaft 13 is in the form of three fixed rods 11 and three crankshafts 14 distributed in a ring. Among them, two sets of stator magnets 9 are arranged side by side on the inner wall of the casing, two rotor disks are arranged side by side on the input shaft 13, and two rotor disks 5 are respectively provided with two sets of stator magnets 9 one by one. Corresponding to the rotor magnets 10 with a mutual difference of 180° in spatial phase, a non-magnetic baffle 4 is respectively provided on the input shaft 13 and on both sides of the single group of rotor magnets 10, and a common A crankshaft 14 is arranged in series, and the two ends of the crankshaft 14 are respectively connected with the two end covers 1, and a deep groove ball bearing 12 is respectively arranged between the input shaft 13 and the two end covers 1, and the input shaft 13 and the two rotors A needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing 3 is provided between the disks 5; a bearing seat 7 is provided on the inner wall corresponding to the end cover 1 of the casing 8, and a bearing seat 7 is provided between the bearing seat 7 and the end cover 1. Angular contact ball bearings 6 and labyrinth seal rings 15; three crankshafts 14 are set, and are evenly distributed with respect to the input shaft 13, and a tapered roller bearing 2 is respectively arranged between the crankshaft 14 and the two end covers 1 The two end covers 1 are connected with a fixed rod 11 that runs through the two rotor disks 5. The fixed rod is a special-shaped structure, and there are three sets; the stator magnetic steel 9 and the rotor magnetic steel 10 are all arranged in a magnetically concentrated Halbach array The structure, the number of pole pairs p ₁ of the stator magnets and the number of pole pairs p ₂ of the rotor magnets satisfy: p ₁ -p ₂ =1; the arrangement structure of the magnetic concentration Halbach array includes circularly distributed and cross-arranged circumferential magnetization Permanent magnet 16 and radial magnetization permanent magnet 17, and the inner and outer sides of radial magnetization permanent magnet 17 are respectively provided with a magnetic conduction block 18, circumferential magnetization permanent magnet 16, radial magnetization permanent magnet 17, magnetic conduction block 18 all In the shape of a fan.

The working principle of the present invention is: through the magnetic concentration Halbach array that the number of pole pairs distributed by the stator magnetic steel is p1, and the magnetic concentration Halbach array that the number _of pole pairs distributed by the rotor magnetic steel is _p2 , the power of the transmission is input by the input shaft , and transmitted to the rotor disk, so that the rotor disk performs eccentric disturbance (circumferential translation), and when the rotor disk performs eccentric disturbance, due to the attraction of the magnetic field, it also performs autorotation motion, and the autorotation motion will be transmitted to the end cover by the crankshaft , to transmit the torque. In the design of the mechanical structure, considering the large unilateral magnetic pull force on the rotor disk, a double rotor disk is adopted, and the space phase difference between the two is 180° to reduce the influence of the unilateral magnetic pull force on the bearing.

In this embodiment, D1 represents the inner diameter of the rotor magnet ₁₀ , D2 represents the outer diameter of the rotor magnet ₁₀ , _D3 represents the inner diameter of the stator magnet ₉ , D4 represents the outer diameter of the stator magnet 9, and e represents the diameter of the rotor disc 5. Eccentricity, p ₁ represents the number of 9 pole pairs of the stator magnetic steel, p ₂ represents the number of 10 pole pairs of the rotor magnetic steel, and they satisfy the following constraints:

In this embodiment, the power torque T ₁ and rotational speed n ₁ of the transmission are input by the input shaft and transmitted to the left and right rotor discs, so that the rotor discs perform eccentric disturbance (circumferential translation). At the same time, it also performs self-rotation motion, which will be transmitted by the crank shaft 14 to the left and right end covers 1, and the output torque T ₂ and speed n ₂ will be transmitted, and the torque transmission will satisfy the following constraints:

In this embodiment, the rotor disk is eccentric and revolves and rotates around the central axis of rotation, and is provided with a rotor magnetic steel with a pole pair number of p ₂ ; Materials and magnetic materials are made into a fan-shaped three-dimensional form, and are installed and fastened on the outer surface of the rotor disk. The rotor disk is made of non-magnetic stainless steel plate through conventional slow wire processing, and processed on the rotor disk There is a crankshaft hole that transmits its rotation to the end cover 1 . In the same way, the stator magnetic steel with the number _of pole pairs p1 adopts the same Halbach array layout structure, which is a fan-shaped three-dimensional form made of permanent magnetic materials and magnetic permeable materials, and is installed and fastened on the inner surface of the casing 8 , and it is fastened and assembled as a whole.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A magnetic gear speed reducer with few extreme differences of magnetic gathering Halbach comprises a casing (8), an end cover (1) that is located on both sides of the casing and is located in the casing and exposes the end cover on one side of the casing at one end The input shaft (13) is characterized in that two stator magnets (9) arranged side by side and spaced apart are provided on the inner wall of the casing, and two stator magnets (9) arranged side by side and spaced apart with a spatial phase difference of 180° are sleeved on the input shaft. Two rotor disks (5), on which a rotor magnet (10) is sheathed respectively, the two rotor magnets correspond to the two stator magnets respectively, and the input shaft is located on a single rotor A non-magnetic baffle (4) is respectively provided on both sides of the magnetic steel, and crankshafts (14) are arranged in series on the two rotor disks. There are three crankshafts arranged uniformly around the input shaft; Both ends of the crankshaft are respectively connected with two end covers, and a fixed rod (11) passing through the two rotor disks is connected between the two end covers; both the stator magnetic steel and the rotor magnetic steel form a Habach array arrangement structure. 2. The Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few pole differences according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of pole pairs p1 of the stator magnetic steel and the number _{p2 of} the pole pairs of the rotor magnetic steel satisfy: p1 _{- p2} =1. 3. The Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences according to claim ₂ , characterized in that, the eccentricity e between the rotor disk and the casing, the inner diameter D1 and the outer diameter D2 _of the rotor magnetic steel, and the stator The inner diameter D ₃ and outer diameter D ₄ of the magnetic steel meet: D ₂ -D ₁ =D ₄ -D ₃ ;

4. The magnetism-gathering Halbach few pole difference magnetic gear reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that, the power torque T ₁ and speed n ₁ introduced from the input shaft, and the power torque T ₂ and speed n transmitted from the end cover ₂ , satisfy:

5. The magnetic gear speed reducer with few extreme differences of the magnetic gathering Halbach according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a deep groove ball bearing (12) is respectively arranged between the input shaft and the two end covers, and the input shaft and the two A needle roller/three-point angular contact ball combined bearing (3) is respectively arranged between the rotor discs. 6. The magnetic-gathering Halbach few-polar-difference magnetic gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the housing is provided with a bearing seat (7) on the inner wall corresponding to the end cover, and between the bearing seat and the end cover An angular contact ball bearing (6) and a labyrinth sealing ring (15) are provided. 7. The magnetism-concentrating Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences according to claim 1, characterized in that a tapered roller bearing (2) is respectively arranged between the crankshaft and the two end covers. 8. The magnetism-gathering Halbach few pole-difference magnetic gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetism-gathering Halbach array structure includes circularly distributed and cross-arranged circumferentially magnetized permanent magnets (16) and radial Magnetized permanent magnets (17), the inner and outer sides of the radially magnetized permanent magnets are respectively provided with a magnetic conduction block (18). 9. The magnetism-gathering Halbach magnetic gear reducer with few extreme differences according to claim 8, characterized in that the circumferentially magnetized permanent magnets, the radially magnetized permanent magnets, and the magnetically permeable blocks are all fan-shaped.

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