CN103372534A - 涂覆的金属物件 - Google Patents
涂覆的金属物件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103372534A CN103372534A CN2013101500787A CN201310150078A CN103372534A CN 103372534 A CN103372534 A CN 103372534A CN 2013101500787 A CN2013101500787 A CN 2013101500787A CN 201310150078 A CN201310150078 A CN 201310150078A CN 103372534 A CN103372534 A CN 103372534A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- coating
- metal objects
- metal
- polyamide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ACIAHEMYLLBZOI-ZZXKWVIFSA-N Unsaturated alcohol Chemical compound CC\C(CO)=C/C ACIAHEMYLLBZOI-ZZXKWVIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000214 vapour pressure osmometry Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- -1 cerium salt Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IFIUFEBEPGGBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC1COC=N1 IFIUFEBEPGGBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003656 Daiamid® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006099 Vestamid® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920003245 polyoctenamer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- DBTPMQIQJZFVAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound C1OC=NC1C1=CC=CC=C1 DBTPMQIQJZFVAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 4
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 4
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nonene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCASXYBKJHWFMY-NSCUHMNNSA-N 2-Buten-1-ol Chemical compound C\C=C\CO WCASXYBKJHWFMY-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000000376 2-oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical compound COC1=NC(N)=NC2=C1C=CN2 CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101150106148 TOR1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXIJMRYMVAMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptene Chemical compound C1CCC=CCC1 ZXIJMRYMVAMXQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URYYVOIYTNXXBN-UPHRSURJSA-N cyclooctene Chemical compound C1CCC\C=C/CC1 URYYVOIYTNXXBN-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004913 cyclooctene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006396 polyamide 1012 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006146 polyetheresteramide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 101150049389 tor2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGQVROWWFUXRST-FNORWQNLSA-N (3e)-hepta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC\C=C\C=C OGQVROWWFUXRST-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFWOEQFASWFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexylpropylcyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(CC)C1CCCCC1 ROFWOEQFASWFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDFDTKKXMZRNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,3-n-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCC(NC)C1 YDFDTKKXMZRNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPQHRXRAZHNGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN DPQHRXRAZHNGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZZMTSNZRBFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-7-fluoroquinazolin-4-amine Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(N)=NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 FZZMTSNZRBFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYEZZYQZRQDLEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1=NCCO1 NYEZZYQZRQDLEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRLTXKSQXQYVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1=NC(C)CO1 LRLTXKSQXQYVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXTHWIZHGLNEPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound O1CCN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXTHWIZHGLNEPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPIQIQPLUVLISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-1-en-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=NCCO1 LPIQIQPLUVLISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXPZIVKEZRHGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-benzyl-5-[(2-nitrophenoxy)methyl]oxolan-2-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OCC1OC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C1 AXPZIVKEZRHGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWCYSQDVFQGKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethyl-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1COC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 KWCYSQDVFQGKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWMKXFCUXJWKBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CCC1COC=N1 RWMKXFCUXJWKBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDESTFIGYTYDHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC1COC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 LDESTFIGYTYDHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C2C3CC=CC3C1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium ion Chemical class [Ti+4] LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBQLZFARKMMEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr+6] Chemical class [Zr+6] KVBQLZFARKMMEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012648 alternating copolymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006085 branching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbodiimide group Chemical group N=C=N VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical group [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CJTRGWNHVKRZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone;formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C.O=C1CCCCC1 CJTRGWNHVKRZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHEPZBIUHGLJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC=C1 FHEPZBIUHGLJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DABYZUWMLUGAGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound [CH]1CC=CC1 DABYZUWMLUGAGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006129 ethylene fluorinated ethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005648 ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005676 ethylene-propylene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IONMUCYQDGALHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1-phenylethanone Chemical compound O=C.CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IONMUCYQDGALHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002617 leukotrienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical group CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002255 pentenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013047 polymeric layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D177/00—Coating compositions based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D177/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D177/00—Coating compositions based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D177/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/10—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics
- F16L58/1054—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe
- F16L58/109—Coatings characterised by the materials used by rubber or plastics the coating being placed outside the pipe the coating being an extruded layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/13—Morphological aspects
- C08G2261/135—Cross-linked structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/33—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating non-aromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/332—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating non-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing only carbon atoms
- C08G2261/3322—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating non-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing only carbon atoms derived from cyclooctene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/40—Polymerisation processes
- C08G2261/41—Organometallic coupling reactions
- C08G2261/418—Ring opening metathesis polymerisation [ROMP]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/50—Physical properties
- C08G2261/58—Physical properties corrosion-inhibiting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/70—Post-treatment
- C08G2261/76—Post-treatment crosslinking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
- C08G61/04—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms
- C08G61/06—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds
- C08G61/08—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds of carbocyclic compounds containing one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the ring
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1355—Elemental metal containing [e.g., substrate, foil, film, coating, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
- Y10T428/31529—Next to metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31605—Next to free metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31699—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
在涂覆金属物件的方法中,使用含有聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系的组合物涂覆金属表面,其中所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg的烯属双键。双键的存在产生更强的粘附性和提高的耐腐蚀性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及使用含有多重不饱和化合物的聚合物组合物涂覆金属物件的方法,以及相应的涂覆的金属物件和它们的应用。该涂覆的金属物件例如可以是外层包裹有聚合物组合物的金属管。
背景技术
特定用于处在促进腐蚀的环境影响下的场合的金属物件可以使用聚合物材料保护层进行涂覆,该聚合物材料以熔体形式例如通过挤出涂覆施加到金属物件上。由此不仅阻止腐蚀促进剂进入到金属表面,而且还起到了对表面一定的机械保护,例如抵抗应力(例如摩擦、击打或者碰撞)。当表面在涂覆前另外进行了腐蚀防护处理时,这样的保护也是所希望的。这里,绝对必要的前提是施加的涂层坚固地粘合,以便在机械性损坏的情况下腐蚀促进剂(例如水或者盐的水溶液)没有渗透到涂层下。
如果金属物件是由例如铝、铝合金、锌或镀锌钢组成的,迄今通常通过铬酸盐钝化进行预处理。由此产生钝化涂层,其不仅改善耐腐蚀性而且改善对随后施加的聚合物组合物的粘附性。基于新的法律准则(例如欧盟报废车辆条例和RoHS-准则),在许多领域不再允许使用致癌的含有铬(VI)的物质进行铬酸盐钝化。因此,人们对无铬(VI)的替代物产生很大的兴趣。对此例如有铬(III)钝化,但其相较而言较弱,或者使用含有钛(IV)盐和/或锆(VI)盐(例如络合氟化物)和用其形成氧化钛或者氧化锆钝化层的钝化池。在这种钝化池中,使用其它的金属盐(例如钴盐或铈盐)也可以起到作用。在更高的要求的情况下,得到的钝化层可以作为粘合基础用于使用热塑性或热固性聚合物体系的涂覆;从而进一步提高腐蚀防护。
腐蚀防护的另一种可能是磷化。磷化是表面工艺中广泛使用的方法,其中通过金属表面和磷酸盐水溶液或者水性磷酸进行化学反应形成坚固粘合的金属磷酸盐层。大部分情况下对于钢材使用磷化处理,但也可以用于镀锌或者镀铬的钢材和铝材。磷酸盐层单独提供了可用的临时性腐蚀防护,这对于在接下来的加工步骤之前的储存通常足够了。实践中,磷酸盐层非常经常用作接下来其它涂层的底层。
在所有这些情况中,接下来的涂层在钝化层或者磷化层上的坚固粘合是非常重要的。这样坚固的粘合对有效地防止电解质和氧气在例如通过石头击打而出现涂层机械性损坏的地方的渗透是绝对必要的,从而没有出现所谓的丝状腐蚀。丝状腐蚀是一种例如在钢或者铝中在有机层下出现的腐蚀类型。在这种情况下,典型的是丝状的渗透。这通常是由于层中的缺陷点或者划痕引起的。因此,也必须保证涂层和金属之间坚固的粘合,以便在其它的加工步骤(例如卷边或者弯曲)中不出现同样可能会导致接下来的丝状腐蚀的涂层剥落。
EP 1 130 066 A1中已知挤出涂覆的金属型材,其中有机硅烷组合物用作聚酰胺模塑物料的挤出层的粘附基础。
WO2009/027429中公开了金属导管用于制造无挖掘或者无砂床铺设的管道的应用,其中该导管的表面包裹着聚酰胺层。WO2009/094528中公开了金属导管用于制造在水中铺设的管道的应用,其中该导管包裹着聚酰胺模塑物料的挤出层。
US 5 520 223 中描述了镀锌的金属管,其表面在预处理之后使用基于热塑性弹性材料、离子交联聚合物、聚酰胺和/或含氟聚合物的模塑物料进行涂覆。
在这种现有技术的情况下,涂层材料只是通过防止水或者盐水和空气中的氧气的侵入对腐蚀防护做出了被动的贡献。但是,空气中的氧气穿过涂层的扩散始终是可能的。
从现有技术出发,应该提供一种涂覆金属物件的聚合物组合物,该组合物具有对未处理的和处理过的金属表面改善的粘附性,并且同时对腐蚀防护做出积极的贡献。
发明内容
令人惊奇地发现,当聚合物组合物含有烯属双键时解决了该任务。烯属双键可以包含在聚合物中或者包含在添加的不饱和化合物中。
以最通常的方式,本发明的主题因此是制备涂覆的金属物件的方法,其中使用含有聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系的组合物涂覆金属表面,其中所述组合物含有70–2700 meq(毫当量)/kg,优选140-1800 meq/kg和特别优选350-1350 meq/kg的烯属双键。
本发明的主题另外是涂覆的金属物件,其是通过使用含有聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系的组合物涂覆金属表面而制备的,其中所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg,优选140-1800 meq/kg和特别优选350-1350 meq/kg的烯属双键。
在一个实施方式中,所述聚合物或者双组分体系含有烯键式不饱和的单体单元例如从不饱和二羧酸例如十二烷-2,10-二烯-1,12-二羧酸中衍生的单体单元;它例如可以是聚酰胺或者聚氨酯(WO 2009/144089 A1和WO 2009/144094 A1)。
在另一实施方式中,本发明的主题是制备涂覆的金属物件的方法,其特征在于下列步骤:
- 使用含有下列组分的组合物涂覆金属表面:
a) 聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系,以及
b) 含有烯属双键的不饱和化合物,该化合物通过蒸汽压渗透压法测定的数均分子量Mn最大为38000g/mol和优选最大34000g/mol,且以如此的量存在,从而使所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg,优选140-1800 meq/kg和特别优选350-1350 meq/kg的这种双键。
在另一实施方式中,本发明的主题另外是涂覆的金属物件,其是通过使用含有下列组分的双组分体系的组合物涂覆金属表面而制备的:
a) 聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系,以及
b) 含有烯属双键的不饱和化合物,该化合物通过蒸汽压渗透压法测定的数均分子量Mn最大为38000g/mol和优选最大34000g/mol,且以如此的量存在,从而使所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg,优选140-1800 meq/kg和特别优选350-1350 meq/kg的这种双键。
原则上,使用按照权利要求的组合物待涂覆的金属物件可以由任何金属组成。这样的例子是钢、不锈钢、铜、铝、铸铁、黄铜、锌、含有这些金属中的一种作为主要成分的合金、镀锌钢、镀镉钢、镀铝金属或者镀金属合金(如GALFAN)的钢。优选涂覆的金属物件的表面由钢、锌或者以铝、铁或者锌作为主要成分的合金组成。
待涂覆的金属物件的表面可以进行腐蚀防护的预处理,例如开始提到的钝化或者磷化方法的一种。同时,使用起到络合作用的选自聚丙烯酸酯、α-烯烃和丙烯酸酯的共聚物、聚醚和这些聚合物的混合物的聚合物在腐蚀防护中提供了有效的支持。但是,也可以涂覆具有未处理的表面的金属物件。同样,所述表面也可以通过喷射(例如喷砂)进行预处理。
尽管在本发明的方法中优选放弃产生含有铬(VI)的铬酸盐层的铬酸盐钝化,在另一实施方式中也可以使用按照权利要求的组合物涂覆铬酸盐钝化的金属表面。此外,在使用按照权利要求的组合物处理之前,也可以以任何其它已知的方式对金属表面进行预处理,例如在US 5 520 223中描述的。
除了上面提到的任选的预处理,使用额外的增附剂对于实现坚固的粘附不是必须的。因此,优选不在任选地预处理的金属表面上施加额外的增附剂。但是,在本发明的范围内,当由此取得工业应用的优点时,在个别情况下额外地施加增附剂例如环氧树脂或者官能化的聚烯烃。
待处理的金属物件可以具有任意的形状。例如,它可以是面板、片材、壳体或型材例如管。
按照权利要求的组合物的聚合物原则上可以是任何对于这种涂层合适的聚合物。例如有聚酰胺、聚烯烃、热塑性聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯以及含氟聚合物。其中优选聚酰胺。
在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系是树脂/固化剂组合。例如聚氨酯或者环氧树脂。
本发明可使用的聚酰胺可以由二胺和二羧酸的组合、由ω-氨基羧酸或者相应的内酰胺制备。原则上,可以使用任何的聚酰胺,例如PA46, PA6, PA66或者在此基础上的含有由对苯二甲酸和/或间苯二甲酸衍生的单元的共聚酰胺(通常称为PPA)。在优选的实施方式中,单体单元平均含有至少8、至少9或者至少10个碳原子。在内酰胺的混合物的情况下,此时要考虑算数平均值。在二胺和二羧酸的组合的情况下,二胺和二羧酸的碳原子的算术平均值在该优选的实施方式中是至少8、至少9或者至少10。合适的聚酰胺例如有:PA610(可以由己二胺[6个碳原子]和癸二酸[10个碳原子]制成的,所以在这里在单体单元中的C原子的平均值为8)、PA88(可以由辛二胺和1,8-辛二酸制成的)、PA8(可以由辛内酰胺制成的)、PA612、PA810、PA108、PA9、PA613、PA614、PA812、PA128、PA1010、PA10、PA814、PA148、PA1012、PA11、PA1014、PA1212和PA12。聚酰胺的制备是现有技术。当然也可以使用基于此的共聚酰胺,其中也可以任选一起使用例如己内酰胺的单体。
聚酰胺也可以是聚醚酯酰胺或者聚醚酰胺。原则上,聚醚酰胺例如在DE-A 30 06 961中已知。它含有聚醚二胺作为共聚单体。合适的聚醚二胺是可以通过利用还原胺化或者与丙烯腈偶合并接下来进行氢化而转化相应的聚醚二醇得到的(例如EP-A-0 434 244; EP-A-0 296 852)。通常,它们的数均摩尔质量为230-4000;它们在聚醚酰胺中的比例优选为5-50重量%。
商业上能够得到的基于丙二醇的聚醚二胺可以以JEFFAMIN? D-型从公司Huntsman购买得到。原则上,基于1,4-丁二醇或者1,3-丁二醇的聚醚二胺、或者大约具有统计分布的或者嵌段式分布的源自二醇的单元混合构成的聚醚二胺也是很合适的。
同样也可以使用不同聚酰胺的混合物,前提是具有足够的相容性。相容的聚酰胺组合是本领域的技术人员已知的;例如这里列出的PA12/PA1012、 PA12/PA1212、 PA612/PA12、 PA613/PA12、 PA1014/PA12和PA610/PA12的组合、以及相应的与PA11的组合。在不确定的情况下,可以通过常规试验确定组合的相容性。
在可能的实施方式中,使用的混合物含有30-90重量%,特别优选40-98重量%和特别优选50-96重量%的狭义的聚酰胺,以及1-70重量%,特别优选2-60重量%和特别优选4-50重量%的聚醚酯酰胺和/或聚醚酰胺。这里优选聚醚酰胺。
优选的聚酰胺的分子量Mn大于5000,特别是大于8000。这里优选使用的聚酰胺的端基至少部分以氨基的形式存在,因为由此改善了粘附性。例如至少30%、至少40%、至少50%、至少60%、至少70%、至少80%或至少90%的端基以氨基的形式存在。使用二胺或者多胺作为调节剂制备具有较高的氨基端基含量的聚酰胺是现有技术。在这种情况下,制备聚酰胺优选使用脂族、脂环族或者芳脂族的具有4-44个碳原子的二胺作为调节剂。合适的二胺例如有己二胺、癸二胺、2,2,4-或2,4,4-三甲基己二胺、十二亚甲基二胺、1,4-二氨基环己烷、1,4-或1,3-二甲基氨基环己烷、4,4'-二氨基二环己基甲烷、4,4'-二氨基-3,3'-二甲基二环己基甲烷、4,4'-二氨基二环己基丙烷、异佛尔酮二胺、间苯二甲胺或对苯二甲胺。
在另一优选的实施方式中,在制备聚酰胺时使用多胺作为调节剂和同时作为支化剂。这里例如有二亚乙基三胺、1,5-二氨基-3-(β-氨基乙基)戊烷、三(2-氨基乙基)胺、N,N-双(2-氨基乙基)-N',N'双[2-[双(2-氨基乙基)氨基]-乙基]-1,2-乙二胺、树枝状聚合物以及聚乙烯亚胺,更特别是通过氮丙啶聚合可以得到的支化的聚乙烯亚胺(Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie, E20卷, 1482 – 1487页, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, 1987),并且该聚乙烯亚胺通常具有下列氨基基团的分布:
25-46%的伯氨基,
30-46%的仲氨基和
16-46%的叔氨基。
已经发现,当所述组合物除了聚酰胺和不饱和化合物之外还含有其它的选自下列物质的添加物时,仍可以进一步改善对金属表面的粘附性:
- 噁唑啉,例如2-乙基-2-噁唑啉、2-苯基-2-噁唑啉、2-异丙烯基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙基-4-甲基-2-噁唑啉、2-苯基-4-乙基-2-噁唑啉、2-苯基-4-甲基-2-噁唑啉。可以单独或者以混合物的形式使用这些噁唑啉。基于所述聚酰胺组合物计,使用0.05-10重量%和优选0.1-5重量%。
- 双噁唑啉,例如2,2'-亚甲基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-亚乙基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-亚乙基-双(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-亚丙基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-四亚甲基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-六亚甲基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-八亚甲基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-对亚苯基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-间亚苯基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-邻亚苯基-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-对亚苯基-双(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-间亚苯基-双(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-邻亚苯基-双(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-对亚苯基-双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-间亚苯基-双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-邻亚苯基-双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-双(2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-双(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-双(4-乙基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2'-双(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)。可以单独或者以混合物的形式使用这些双噁唑啉。基于所述聚酰胺组合物计,使用0.05-10重量%和优选0.1-5重量%。
- 聚噁唑啉,其可以通过噁唑啉(例如上文所述的化合物)的阳离子开环聚合制备。基于所述聚酰胺组合物计,可以使用0.05-10重量%和优选0.1-5重量%。
- 双官能的环氧化合物,例如双酚二缩水甘油醚或环氧官能度至少为2的环氧树脂。大量相应的化合物可以商业购得。基于所述聚酰胺组合物计,这里也使用0.05-10重量%和优选0.1-5重量%。
- 基于苯乙酮-甲醛树脂或环己酮-甲醛树脂的粘附树脂。这里大量相应的化合物也可以商业购得。基于所述聚酰胺组合物计,使用的量同样在0.05-10重量%和优选0.1-5重量%的范围变化。
当聚酰胺至少50%的端基以氨基的形式存在时,这些添加物在改善粘附性方面特别有效。
聚烯烃例如是聚乙烯或者聚丙烯。原则上,可以使用任意的商业上常见的类型。因此,可以考虑例如:高、中或低密度的线性聚乙烯、LDPE、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、全同立构或无规立构的丙烯均聚物、丙烯与乙烯和/或丁-1-烯的无规共聚物、乙烯-丙烯嵌段共聚物等。聚烯烃可以按照任何已知的方法来制备,例如按照使用齐格勒-纳塔(Ziegler-Natta)、按照Phillips方法,借助金属茂或自由基。
含氟聚合物例如可以是聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物(ETFE)、借助三组分(例如丙烯、六氟丙烯、氟乙烯或偏二氟乙烯)改性的ETFE(例如EFEP)、乙烯-氯三氟乙烯共聚物(E-CTFE)、聚氯三氟乙烯(PCTFE)、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯-偏二氟乙烯共聚物(THV)、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物(FEP)或四氟乙烯-全氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物(PFA)。
除了聚合物、不饱和化合物以及上述的添加物,所述组合物可以含有其它组分,例如抗冲改性剂、其它热塑性塑料、增塑剂、颜料、纤维状增强材料、防火剂、加工助剂和稳定剂。
按照权利要求使用的不饱和化合物含有烯属双键;这具有双重作用。一方面,这些双键改善了对金属表面的粘附性;另一方面,它们对促进腐蚀的化合物(例如氧气)是反应活性的。由此,向内扩散的氧气被所述双键捕获,并因此不再能到达聚合物与金属或者腐蚀防护层的界面。在这种情况下,双键具有足够的亲核性是有利的。在优选的实施方式中,它们不含有起到-M效应或者-I效应的取代基,该效应超过了可能同时存在的+M效应。典型的这样的取代基例如有羧酸酯基团、腈基团、或者氯。
所述不饱和化合物的最高的分子量是受限制的。其原因在于,所述不饱和化合物必须具有足够的流动性。因此要保证,提供足够分量的双键用于对金属表面的粘结。在本发明的实施方式中,所述聚合物是聚酰胺,其中最多80重量%的不饱和化合物,优选最多60重量%的不饱和化合物,特别优选最多40重量%的不饱和化合物和特别优选最多20重量%的不饱和化合物具有能够连接到聚酰胺的官能团。这样的官能团例如有羧酸酐-,羧酸-,环氧化物-,噁嗪酮-,异氰酸酯-或碳二亚胺基团。通过这种措施额外保证了所述不饱和化合物足够的流动性。当所述不饱和化合物不含有官能团时,在许多情况下本发明的优点特别好地得到实现。
另一方面,不饱和化合物的流动性不允许太高,从而使它具有如此高的蒸气压,以至于它随着时间而挥发。出于这个原因,所述不饱和化合物的数均分子量Mn优选至少为200g/mol,特别优选至少为300g/mol和特别优选至少为400g/mol。
数均分子量通过蒸汽压渗透压法测定。这里使用公司Wissenschaftlicher Ger?tebau Dr. Ing. Herbert Knauer GmbH(德国柏林)的蒸汽压渗透压计K-7000,并且按照所得到的说明书(03/2007版)操作。当然也可以使用任何其它的根据相同的方法测量和得到相同的结果的仪器。
例如可以使用下列物质种类作为不饱和化合物:
- 聚亚烯基(Polyalkenylenen);
- 不饱和羧酸的酯;
- 不饱和醇的酯;
- 其单体单元至少部分从二烯衍生的聚合物。
聚亚烯基是由下列通式的重复单元(其中n = 3到10)构成的。
它们通常是通过环烯烃在易位反应(metathese)催化剂的存在下的开环聚合而制备的。合适的聚合物例如有聚亚戊烯基、聚亚己烯基、聚亚庚烯基、聚亚辛烯基、聚亚壬烯基、聚亚癸烯基、聚(3-甲基亚辛烯基)、聚(3-甲基亚癸烯基)、聚亚十一碳烯基或者聚亚十二碳烯基。聚亚烯基有时也称为开环聚环烯烃,并且所属的聚合物称为开环聚环戊烯、开环聚环己烯、开环聚环庚烯、开环聚环辛烯等。
聚烯基戊烯的制备例如在US 3 607 853中进行了描述。聚亚己烯基通过丁二烯和乙烯的交替共聚制备。聚亚庚烯基通过环庚烯的易位反应(例如US 4 334 048)制备,而聚亚辛烯基通过环辛烯的易位反应(A. Dr?xler, Kautschuk + Gummi, Kunststoff 1981, 185-190页)制备。更高级的聚亚烯基与此相应地制备。在本发明的范围内也可以使用混合的聚亚烯基,即不同聚亚烯基的共聚物(US 3 974 092和US 3 974 094) 或者混合物。
不饱和羧酸的酯是那些与一元醇或多元醇的酯,例如甲基酯、乙二醇单酯或乙二醇二酯、甘油单酯、二酯或三酯、以及新戊二醇或山梨糖醇与油酸、亚麻酸、反油酸、十一碳烯酸、芥酸、亚油酸、花生四烯酸等相应得到的酯。也可以使用天然油作为不饱和羧酸的酯。
不饱和醇的酯从单羧酸、低聚羧酸或多羧酸衍生而来;例如可以使用烯丙醇、巴豆醇、油醇等作为不饱和醇。其中的一个例子是可以由聚丙烯酸甲酯或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与不饱和醇(如烯丙醇、巴豆醇、油醇等)得到的部分或完整的酯交换产物。这种聚丙烯酸酯例如与含氟聚合物也具有好的相容性。
其单体单元至少部分从二烯衍生的聚合物例如有聚丁二烯、聚异戊二烯(在这两种情况下含有顺式-1,4-、反式-1,4-、1,2-键合或它们的混合物)、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(如SB或SBS)或乙烯/C3至C12-α-烯烃/非共轭二烯三元共聚物,其中含有20-96,优选为25-85重量%的乙烯和最多约12重量%的非共轭二烯,如二环(2.2.1)庚二烯、1,4-己二烯、二环戊二烯或5-亚乙基降冰片烯。合适的C3到C12-α-烯烃例如有丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯或1-十二碳烯;其中的例子有乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶(EPDM)以及乙烯-丁烯-二烯橡胶。丁腈橡胶和特别是氯丁二烯橡胶不太适合,因为双键受到腈基团或氯原子的-I-效应,和它们的反应性受此影响。这类聚合物应该以足够低分子量的形式(例如聚丁二烯油)或至少具有数均分子量Mn最多为38000 g/mol使用。如果Mn超出该上限,这些聚合物仍然可以使用,但仅以含有足够低分子量的化合物(例如聚亚辛烯基,聚丁二烯油或亚麻油)的混合物形式。由于按照权利要求的数均分子量Mn是通过所有在组合物中含有的不饱和化合物得到的平均值,过高的Mn可以通过增加低分子量的不饱和化合物而调节到按照权利要求的极限值以下。
在使用按照a)的聚酰胺作为组分的情况下,另外要考虑到,上述橡胶与聚酰胺是不相容的。例如,市场常见的EPDM通常具有的数均分子量Mn明显高于按照权利要求的极限值。这点和其非极性的特点造成了由聚酰胺和EPDM得不到稳定的混合物。在金属表面上施涂这样的混合物尽管完全可以产生双键与金属表面之间的相互作用,只要EPDM区域与金属接触;但是在最轻微的机械负载的情况下该组合物脱层,因为EPDM和聚酰胺之间的相粘合实际上不存在了。为了解决这个问题,原则上在制备聚酰胺-EPDM共混物时添加带有官能团例如羧酸酐基团的EPDM,该官能团可以通过与马来酸酐或者富马酸的反应引入。这样造成在这样的共混物中EPDM分散在聚酰胺基质中。在这种情况下,EPDM区域被聚酰胺包围。因此,它们不再能够与金属表面相互作用。另外,这也适用于其它橡胶,例如丁腈橡胶。在这种情况下,橡胶的双键可以单独完成氧气捕获剂的功能。因此,在这种情况下,根据本发明另外添加具有足够的流动性和与金属表面相互作用的低分子量不饱和化合物。
特别优选使用聚亚烯基,这里特别是聚亚辛烯基,作为不饱和化合物。合适的聚亚辛烯基可以以商品名VESTENAMER?购得。在其中的扩展实施方式中,使用聚亚烯基,特别是聚亚辛烯基,和通过羧酸酐基团官能化(例如EPM或者EPDM)和作为抗冲改性剂的橡胶一起,以及聚酰胺作为按照a)的组分。在EP 0 243 595 A2中已知,聚亚烯基和改善其抗冲强度的聚合物在聚酰胺模塑物料中产生切口抗冲强度方面的协同效应。
本发明使用的组合物是通过所述组分的混合而制备的。当按照a)的组分是聚合物时,以熔体的形式混合。
所述组合物可以通过现有技术的任何方法施加到金属表面上,例如通过挤出,施加条带并同时加热,借助热空气,借助粉末喷涂方法或粉末浸渍方法,或在树脂/固化剂体系的情况下通过喷涂,浸渍,辊压或展涂。取决于所选的涂覆方法,在涂覆时金属表面的温度通常在10-300℃的范围内。
挤出涂覆的方法正如其它上述的现有技术的方法。细节方面例如参照F. Hensen, W. Knappe, H. Potente (eds.), Handbuch der Kunststoff-Extrusionstechnik, 卷II, Hanser Verlag Munich Wien 1986, 321-353页。
挤出速率应该适合于组合物中存在的双键的浓度。因此,具有低的双键比例的组合物相应地只允许相对较低的挤出速率,以便实现高的粘附性。与此相反,具有高的双键比例的组合物允许更高的挤出速率。组合物的双键比例可以通过不饱和化合物的种类和数量的变化来调节。
在需要的情况下,还可以在含有按照权利要求的组合物的层上施加一层或者多层其它的聚合物层。这可以通过后续的挤出涂覆进行,其中可以任选另外施加增附剂,或与按照权利要求的层一起共挤出。合适的聚合物例如有热塑性弹性材料,源自乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离子交联聚合物,含氟聚合物例如氟化橡胶,可以任选含有填料、增塑剂以及硫化体系的其它的橡胶,或乙烯均聚物或共聚物。合适的聚合物在US 5 520 223中详细地描述了。通过这种层可以更好地保护管抗击机械作用,例如石头击打。
按照本发明实现了涂层在金属表面上突出和长久的粘附。此外,获得了更好的腐蚀防护。因此,特别是在强腐蚀性的环境下,本发明的组件实现了显著提高的寿命。
本发明的另一优点在于,由此可以有效地修补在存在的涂层中,例如在受损处或在焊缝处的缺陷。为了这个目的,可以例如喷涂相应的组合物(例如2K-聚氨酯体系),或者可以在同时加热下施加补丁或者条带,或可以通过施加熔体的方法进行操作,例如借助挤出焊接装置。以这种方式,也可以使用相关种类的材料修补在建筑工地上或者在公海上的受损涂层体系。
在第一实施方式中,本发明应用在汽车制造或者机械制造中。在这种情况下,涂覆的金属物件是机动车辆或者机械的一部分,例如燃油管路、助力转向管路、冷却液体管路、制动压缩管道或空调管道。
在第二实施方式中,涂覆的金属物件是输送管道、分配管道、用户引入管道或供应管道??或废料处理管道。在这种情况下,它例如用于远程热量、淡水、废水、煤气、空气、油(例如原油、轻油或重油)、燃料(例如煤油或柴油)、石油化学品、盐水、碱液、磨损性介质、采矿或注射材料或粉尘的运输。
在第三实施方式中,涂覆的金属物件是用于离岸建筑物的钢结构部分。搭建在海岸线之前的远海中的固定建筑物称为离岸建筑物。这类离岸建筑物例如有风力发电设备,钻井平台和灯塔。在这种情况下,本发明的涂覆的金属物件优选是在这类离岸建筑物的地基结构中的钢结构管。离岸建筑物的地基结构是支撑实际的功能单元的区域。在风力发电设备的情况下,地基结构支撑包括涡轮和转片的塔。在钻井平台的情况下,地基结构支撑包括上层建筑的平台。在灯塔的情况下,地基结构支撑着塔(如果存在的话)以及灯火。地基结构位于水下,在潮水区,在浪花区以及任选在气雾区。地基结构包括通过其锚定在海底的地基部分。
离岸风力发电设备的地基结构从锚定在海底的地基部分,通过位于水下的结构,一直延伸到塔位于的和可以位于静水位以上的位置。
使用的地基结构例如有下列类型:
由圆柱形空心桩组成的单桩结构。在欧洲许多的靠近岸边的离岸风电场中使用单桩;其适用于在水深多达约20米的地基。单桩可以容易和快速地安装;但是搭建时需要重型打桩设备。最近,尝试使用钻头进行温和性安装。
导管架是类似于常见的输电塔结构的钢框架结构。导管架通过它的四个脚与桩在海底锚定。导管架结构在石油工业中适用于在比较深的水域中。相对于单桩,框架结构可以节省40-50%的钢材。因此,在较深的水域使用这种结构时,项目成本仅相对较少上升。因为每个建筑部件相对小,它可以容易地生产出来和可以简单地运输和安装。
三脚架结构由钢管形成的三个腿组成,其中中心管安置在中心位置。三个腿的腿可以分别置于一个或者多个桩上。打桩时在所产生的等边三角形的角点设置定心套管。桩柱通过水平支撑相互连接,并通过对角线斜撑连接到中心管。中心管没有连接在海底。由于这里使用具有较小直径的钢管,所述三脚架可以用于超过20米的水深。
四角架是三脚架概念的变型,其中使用四个而不是三个支撑。这在深水域实现了提高的地基固定性。
三桩由三个锚定在水下的钢柱组成。在水上在这些钢柱上搭建三腿结构。根据制造者说明,三桩地基适用于25-50米的水深。
这类结构例如在下列文献中进行了描述:
- Fundamente für Offshore-Windenergieanlagen [离岸风力发动设备基础], Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH, 发表于12/09;
- Florian Biehl, Kollisionssicherheit von Offshore-Windenergieanlagen [离岸风力发动设备碰撞安全性], Stahlbau, 78 (6)卷, 402 – 409页 (2009);
- K. Lesny, W. Richwien (编者), Gründung von Offshore-Windenergieanlagen-Werkzeuge für Planung und Bemessung [离岸风力发动设备基础-规划和测量工具], VGE Verlag Glückauf 2008, ISBN:978-3-86797-035-8;
- DE 103 10 708 A1。
更多的细节可以参照EP 2 511 430的内容。
在第四实施方式中,本发明的涂覆的金属物件是船或艇的结构部分。
这些实施方式不是限定的;本发明的涂覆的金属物件当然也可以找到其它合适的用途。
接下来通过实施例阐述本发明。
在实施例中使用下列材料:
PA1: VESTAMID? L2101, 含有过量羰基端基的高粘性的PA12挤出模塑物料;
PA2: VESTAMID? ZA4487, 含有平衡比例的羰基和氨基端基的没有调节的低粘性的PA12;
PA3: VESTAMID? ZA7295, 含有过量氨基端基的高粘性的PA12;
PA4: VESTAMID? D18, 含有过量羰基端基的中等粘性的PA612;
PA5: VESTAMID? ZA7093, 含有过量氨基端基的中等粘性的PA612;
TOR 1: VESTENAMER? 6213, 反式双键的比例为大约60%的聚亚辛烯基;
TOR 2: VESTENAMER? 8012, 反式双键的比例为大约80%的聚亚辛烯基。
制备所述聚合物组合物的一般程序:
将90重量份的聚酰胺PA1-PA5在260℃下与10重量份的TOR1在WP ZSK 30,33D双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融混合,使用25mm滤网包进行熔体过滤,然后挤出成条、在水浴中冷却和造粒。
此外,聚酰胺PA3和PA5按照相同的程序与TOR2熔融混合。
铝管的挤出涂覆:
将铝管按照ALCOA方法(文献:Walter Brockmann, Stefan Emrich, Kleben und Dichten 44卷, 9/2000, 第40页)进行净化,然后用钛盐溶液(德国汉高公司的Granodine 1455)进行润湿,在空气流中进行干燥,感应加热到至少240℃的温度,并使用实施例1-7的聚酰胺造型物料进行涂覆。用于比较,也相应地使用聚酰胺PA1-PA5进行涂覆(对比例1-5)。
然后通过剥离试验检查粘附值是否大于3N/mm,因为必须达到该粘附值,才能例如在管材卷边时防止聚酰胺涂层的剥落。其中,实施例1至7的模塑物料和对比例2、3和5的聚酰胺的粘附值大于3N/mm。聚酰胺PA1和PA4的粘附值低于3N/mm;因此没有在接下来的盐雾试验中进行检查。
在盐雾试验时,通过一个步骤破坏聚酰胺涂层。如此进行该步骤,从而接下来将没有保护的铝表面暴露在环境中。然后用醋酸的食盐溶液喷涂切面。
分别在500h和1000h之后,确定粘附性和丝状腐蚀。在盐雾试验中,在500h之后聚酰胺PA2、PA3和PA5(对比试验2、3和5)已经失败。在1000h之后,实施例1和4的涂层(氨基端基不足量)也失败。在实施例2、3、5、6和7的情况下,在1000h之后也可以没有观察到粘附性损失和丝状腐蚀。
其结果描述在表格1中。
表格1:实施例1-7(B1-B7)和对比试验1-5(VB1-VB5)
B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 | CB1 | CB2 | CB3 | CB4 | CB5 | |
PA1[重量份] | 90 | 100 | ||||||||||
PA2[重量份] | 90 | 100 | ||||||||||
PA3[重量份] | 90 | 90 | 100 | |||||||||
PA4[重量份] | 90 | 100 | ||||||||||
PA5[重量份] | 90 | 90 | 100 | |||||||||
TOR1[重量份] | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |||||||
TOR2[重量份] | 10 | 10 | ||||||||||
粘附值大于3N/mm-合格 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | - | + |
盐雾测试500h-合格 | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | a) | - | - | a) | - |
盐雾测试1000h-合格 | - | + | + | - | + | + | + | a) | a) | a) | a) | a) |
a)没有测试
Claims (16)
1. 涂覆金属物件的方法,其中使用含有聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系的组合物涂覆金属表面,其特征在于,所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg的烯属双键。
2. 按照权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,所述烯属双键包含在聚合物本身中或者在双组分体系本身中。
3. 按照权利要求2的方法,其特征在于,所述聚合物或者由双组分体系产生的聚合物是含有源自不饱和二羧酸的烯键式不饱和的单体单元的聚酰胺或者聚氨酯。
4. 按照权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,所述组合物包含下列组分:
a)聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系,以及
b)含有烯属双键的不饱和化合物,该化合物通过蒸汽压渗透压法测定的数均分子量Mn最大为38000g/mol,且以如此的量存在,从而使所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg的烯属双键。
5. 按照权利要求1-4之一的方法,其特征在于,使用的聚合物选自聚酰胺、聚烯烃、热塑性聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯以及含氟聚合物,或者所述双组分体系是产生聚氨酯或者环氧树脂的树脂/固化剂组合。
6. 按照权利要求4和5之一的方法,其特征在于,所述不饱和化合物选自聚亚烯基、不饱和羧酸的酯、不饱和醇的酯、以及其单体单元至少部分从二烯衍生而来的聚合物。
7. 按照权利要求1-6之一的方法,其特征在于,制备涂覆的金属物件或者修补在金属物件涂层中的缺陷。
8. 涂覆的金属物件,其是通过使用含有聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系的组合物涂覆金属表面而制备的,其特征在于,所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg的烯属双键。
9. 按照权利要求8的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,所述烯属双键包含在聚合物本身中或者在双组分体系本身中。
10. 按照权利要求9的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,所述聚合物或者由双组分体系产生的聚合物是含有源自不饱和二羧酸的烯键式不饱和的单体单元的聚酰胺或者聚氨酯。
11. 按照权利要求8的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,所述组合物包含下列组分:
a)聚合物或者在施加到金属表面以后反应生成聚合物的双组分体系,以及
b)含有烯属双键的不饱和化合物,该化合物通过蒸汽压渗透压法测定的数均分子量Mn最大为38000g/mol,且以如此的量存在,从而使所述组合物含有70–2700 meq/kg的烯属双键。
12. 按照权利要求8-11之一的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,使用的聚合物选自聚酰胺、聚烯烃、热塑性聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯以及含氟聚合物,或者所述双组分体系是产生聚氨酯或者环氧树脂的树脂/固化剂组合。
13. 按照权利要求11和12之一的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,所述不饱和化合物选自聚亚烯基、不饱和羧酸的酯、不饱和醇的酯、以及其单体单元至少部分从二烯衍生而来的聚合物。
14. 按照权利要求8-13之一的或者按照权利要求7的方法得到的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,它是汽车或者机械中的一部分。
15. 按照权利要求8-13之一的或者按照权利要求7的方法得到的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,它是输送管道、分配管道、用户引入管道或供应管道??或废料处理管道。
16. 按照权利要求8-13之一的或者按照权利要求7的方法得到的涂覆的金属物件,其特征在于,它是离岸建筑物的钢结构部分或者船或艇的结构部分。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012207173.3 | 2012-04-30 | ||
DE201210207173 DE102012207173A1 (de) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-04-30 | Beschichteter Metallgegenstand |
DE1020122071733 | 2012-04-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103372534A true CN103372534A (zh) | 2013-10-30 |
CN103372534B CN103372534B (zh) | 2017-12-26 |
Family
ID=48128140
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310150078.7A Active CN103372534B (zh) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-04-26 | 涂覆的金属物件 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9556358B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2660295B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6192349B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101965913B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103372534B (zh) |
AR (1) | AR090894A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR102013010707B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2814215A1 (zh) |
CL (1) | CL2013001172A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102012207173A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2921529T3 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW201404479A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114981337A (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-08-30 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 包含聚醚嵌段酰胺的模塑组合物 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013205614A1 (de) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-02 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einem Inliner ausgekleideten Rohres |
EP2944895A1 (de) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-18 | ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Absorberbauteils für thermosolare Anwendungen und ein solches Absorberbauteil |
EP2998339B1 (de) * | 2014-08-26 | 2019-01-30 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Metallisches rohr mit einer hydrolysestabilisierten schicht aus einer polyamidformmasse |
US10851263B2 (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2020-12-01 | Novelis Inc. | Water-based coating compositions and related products and processes |
EP3477176A1 (de) | 2017-10-25 | 2019-05-01 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung eines mit einem inliner ausgekleideten rohres |
US10625487B2 (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2020-04-21 | Martinrea International US Inc. | Tubing for brake and fuel systems incorporating graphene impregnated polyamides |
US11796090B2 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2023-10-24 | Martinrea International US Inc. | Fluid transport tubing incorporating a graphene impregnated outer coating |
US20230184353A1 (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-15 | Cooper-Standard Automotive Inc. | Abrasion resistant coated tube |
WO2023158790A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | Martinrea International US Inc. | Automotive fluid tubing with graphene incorporated paint |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1533419A (zh) * | 2001-07-19 | 2004-09-29 | Ucb | 可辐射固化的粉末涂料组合物 |
US20110200818A1 (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2011-08-18 | Karl Wörwag Lack-Und Farbenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Surface-coating material, flexible laminate with a substrate and a layer of surface-coating material applied thereto, and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3607853A (en) | 1969-10-09 | 1971-09-21 | Bayer Ag | Process for the preparation of trans-polypentenamer |
US3974092A (en) | 1970-06-06 | 1976-08-10 | Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft | Catalyst for the preparation of polyalkenamers |
US3974094A (en) | 1970-06-11 | 1976-08-10 | Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft | Catalyst system for the production of polyalkenamers |
CH642982A5 (de) | 1979-02-26 | 1984-05-15 | Inventa Ag | Polyaetherpolyamide. |
US4334048A (en) | 1981-05-26 | 1982-06-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Olefin metathesis |
DE3613527A1 (de) | 1986-04-22 | 1987-10-29 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Schlagzaehe polyamid-formmassen |
US4833213A (en) | 1987-06-26 | 1989-05-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method of making purely primary diamines from nitrogen containing nocleophile and terminally electrophilically active polyether |
US5003107A (en) | 1989-12-18 | 1991-03-26 | Texaco Chemical Company | Catalytic method for the reductive amination of poly(oxytetramethyle) glycols |
US5686535A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1997-11-11 | Shell Oil Company | Viscous conjugated diene block copolymers |
IT1255234B (it) * | 1992-07-17 | 1995-10-20 | Himont Inc | Procedimento per la riparazione dei rivestimenti in materiali plastici espansi di tubi metallici |
US5520223A (en) | 1994-05-02 | 1996-05-28 | Itt Industries, Inc. | Extruded multiple plastic layer coating bonded to the outer surface of a metal tube having an optical non-reactive inner layer and process for making the same |
DE19908640A1 (de) * | 1999-02-27 | 2000-08-31 | Degussa | Mehrschichtverbund |
DE10010669A1 (de) | 2000-03-04 | 2001-09-06 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines extrusionsbeschichteten Metallgegenstands |
US6915820B2 (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2005-07-12 | Ti Automotive (Fuldabruck) Gmbh | Automotive fluid tubing, especially for fuel and hydraulic fluid |
DE10224380A1 (de) * | 2002-06-01 | 2003-12-18 | Basf Coatings Ag | Beschichtungsstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung zur Herstellung haftfester Beschichtungen |
DE10254376A1 (de) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-27 | Bayer Ag | Raumtemperaturhärtende Reaktivsysteme |
DE10310708A1 (de) | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-23 | Mahlke, Bernd, Dr.-Ing | Fundament für Offshore Windenergieanlagen |
DE102007040683A1 (de) | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-05 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Umhüllte Rohrleitung |
US20110014443A1 (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2011-01-20 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd | Adhesive tape for electronic component fabrication |
DE102008001873A1 (de) | 2008-05-20 | 2009-11-26 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kerbschlagzähe Polyarylenetherketon-Formmasse |
DE102008002092A1 (de) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dodeca-2, 10-dien-1, 12-dicarbonsäure bzw. 1, 12-Dodecandicarbonsäure mittels Ring-öffnender Kreuzmetathese (ROCM) von Cycloocten mit Acrylsäure |
DE102008002090A1 (de) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Ungesättigte Dicarbonsäuren aus ungesättigten cyclischen Kohlenwasserstoffen und Acrylsäure mittels Metathese, deren Verwendung als Monomere für Polyamide, Polyester, Polyurethane sowie weitere Umsetzung zu DIolen und Diaminen |
DE102009001001A1 (de) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verwendung eines Leitungsrohrs zur Herstellung einer im Wasser verlegten Rohrleitung |
DE102011007104A1 (de) | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-11 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Mit Polyamid umhüllte Stahlkonstruktionsrohre für Offshore-Bauwerke |
-
2012
- 2012-04-30 DE DE201210207173 patent/DE102012207173A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-04-15 EP EP13163753.0A patent/EP2660295B1/de active Active
- 2013-04-15 ES ES13163753T patent/ES2921529T3/es active Active
- 2013-04-26 TW TW102115032A patent/TW201404479A/zh unknown
- 2013-04-26 JP JP2013093361A patent/JP6192349B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-26 CA CA2814215A patent/CA2814215A1/en active Pending
- 2013-04-26 CN CN201310150078.7A patent/CN103372534B/zh active Active
- 2013-04-29 US US13/872,226 patent/US9556358B2/en active Active
- 2013-04-29 CL CL2013001172A patent/CL2013001172A1/es unknown
- 2013-04-29 KR KR1020130047221A patent/KR101965913B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-04-30 BR BR102013010707-7A patent/BR102013010707B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2013-04-30 AR ARP130101466 patent/AR090894A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1533419A (zh) * | 2001-07-19 | 2004-09-29 | Ucb | 可辐射固化的粉末涂料组合物 |
US20110200818A1 (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2011-08-18 | Karl Wörwag Lack-Und Farbenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Surface-coating material, flexible laminate with a substrate and a layer of surface-coating material applied thereto, and use thereof |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114981337A (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-08-30 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 包含聚醚嵌段酰胺的模塑组合物 |
CN114981337B (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2023-07-14 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 包含聚醚嵌段酰胺的模塑组合物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103372534B (zh) | 2017-12-26 |
EP2660295B1 (de) | 2022-06-08 |
BR102013010707A8 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
US9556358B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
US20130287981A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
BR102013010707A2 (pt) | 2015-06-23 |
KR101965913B1 (ko) | 2019-04-04 |
EP2660295A1 (de) | 2013-11-06 |
BR102013010707B1 (pt) | 2021-06-08 |
JP2013230465A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
KR20130122563A (ko) | 2013-11-07 |
AR090894A1 (es) | 2014-12-17 |
TW201404479A (zh) | 2014-02-01 |
CL2013001172A1 (es) | 2014-06-27 |
CA2814215A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
ES2921529T3 (es) | 2022-08-29 |
JP6192349B2 (ja) | 2017-09-06 |
DE102012207173A1 (de) | 2013-10-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103372534A (zh) | 涂覆的金属物件 | |
US10072786B2 (en) | Use of a conduit pipe for producing a duct laid in water | |
JP5431327B2 (ja) | 被覆導管 | |
US9982410B2 (en) | Polyamide-sheathed structural steel tubes for offshore structures |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20160114 Address after: essen Applicant after: Evonik Degussa GmbH Address before: essen Applicant before: Evonik Industries AG Applicant before: Evonik Degussa GmbH |
|
GR01 | Patent grant |