CN103364106A - Brillouin optical time domain analyzing and sensing system based on ultra-long annular laser pumping - Google Patents
Brillouin optical time domain analyzing and sensing system based on ultra-long annular laser pumping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Brillouin optical time domain analyzing and sensing system based on ultra-long annular laser pumping. The Brillouin optical time domain analyzing and sensing system based on the ultra-long annular laser pumping comprises first-order raman pump light (16) with the wavelength of 13 xxnm, a wavelength division multiplexer WDM pair (17) and a sensor fiber (18), wherein the wavelength division multiplexer and the sensor fiber form an ultra-long distance annular laser resonant cavity, the first-order raman pump light is fed back by the annular laser resonant cavity to generate lasing light with the wavelength of 14 XXnm. The lasing light with the wavelength of 14 XXnm performs second-order raman amplification on probe light with wavelength of 15 XXnm and Brillouin pumping. In comparison with a Brillouin sensing system based on linear cavity amplification, sensing signals are distributed more smoothly along the optical fiber, and the consistency of sensing quality in the whole process is remarkably improved; noise transfer of pumping-signal relative strength can be effectively suppressed, and temperature, spatial resolution of strain detection and measurement accuracy can be substantially improved; due to the fact that an extra second-order pump light source does not need to be added, substantial stretching of the sensing distance is obtained with low cost, and the Brillouin optical time domain analyzing and sensing system based on the ultra-long annular laser pumping has certain practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical fiber technology field, be specifically related to a kind of Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system based on the pumping of overlength loop laser.
Background technology
Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (BOTDA) can be realized the long-distance sensing of temperature, strain, has developed into practical optical fiber sensing technology, is widely used at present the temperature of oil pipeline, high-tension cable and bridge construction and the monitoring of strain.
The physical mechanism of BOTDA is based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of optical fiber.Brillouin surveys light and pump light is inputted from the sensor fibre two ends, its beat frequency produces the grating that moves with the velocity of sound, under Doppler effect, this grating pair Brillouin pumping produces the scattered light of the about 10-12GHz of frequency displacement, finally surveys light owing to brillouin gain is exaggerated.The brillouin gain size depends on difference on the frequency between flashlight and the pump light and the intrinsic Brillouin shift of optical fiber, and when the difference on the frequency between flashlight and the pump light was consistent with Brillouin shift, the SBS gain was the strongest.Linear between Brillouin shift and temperature and the strain, by recording the brillouin gain spectrum along the distribution of optical fiber, can know that temperature and strain are along the distribution of optical fiber.
Conventional BOTDA generally adopts Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (EDFA) to carry out pumping, and its distance sensing representative value is 20-30km.At first, distance sensing is limited by optical fiber attenuation, has increased terminal signal to noise ratio (snr) and uncertainty of measurement; In addition, pulse width narrows down and can improve spatial resolution, but will reduce the SBS gain, and pulse is narrow simultaneously will cause video stretching, further increase uncertainty of measurement.Therefore, distance sensing and spatial resolution restrict mutually.
It is a kind of effective prolongation distance sensing method that Raman amplifies.Single order Raman amplifying technique has weakened signal power front and back end skewness to a certain extent.But at longer distance (〉 75km) in the Brillouin light sensor-based system, because Raman gain also is exponential damping along optical fiber, make the method can not thoroughly eliminate power skewness phenomenon, and distance sensing is longer, and fluctuation is more serious.Consequently distribute to occur on a large scale at transducing signal, the low signal-to-noise ratio zone.J. the people such as D. Ania-Casta ó n reported a kind of length of utilizing fiber grating (FBG) and linear cavity second order Raman to amplify to realize apart from BOTDA (referring to S. Martin-Lopez, M. Alcon-Camas, F. Rodriguez, P.Corredera, J.D. Ania-Casta on, L.Th é venaz, and M. Gonzalez-Herraez, " Brillouin optical time-domain analysis assisted by second-order Raman amplification; " Opt. Express, 18, No. 18,18769-18778,2010).In this scheme, 1455nm swashs and to penetrate the linear cavity feedback generation that light is provided by FBG.
But, for the transmission range of 100km, flashlight distributes and obviously fluctuation also occurs, reappears low signal-to-noise ratio zone on a large scale, has a strong impact on the omnidistance consistance of sensing quality.In addition, be to guarantee the optical fiber connector signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), need to adopt two directional pump, but can cause that simultaneously surveying light with Brillouin swashs the pumping of penetrating component-signal relative intensity noise RIN branch problem in the same way.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is: how a kind of Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system based on the pumping of overlength loop laser is provided, it is intended to effectively improve the omnidistance consistance of sensing capabilities, overcome simultaneously pumping-signal relative intensity noise RIN branch problem and can be widely used in length apart from temperature/strain sensing, significantly improve measuring accuracy and the spatial resolution of whole sensor fibre.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system based on the pumping of overlength loop laser, comprise laser instrument 1, beam splitter 2, Polarization Controller 3, microwave source 4, electrooptic modulator 5, the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 6, acousto-optic frequency shifters 7, the first attenuator 8, isolator 9, the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10, waveform generator 11, acousto-optic modulator 12, scrambler 13, the second attenuator 14 and the first optical circulator 15, it is characterized in that, also comprise wavelength be the single order raman pump light 16, wavelength division multiplexer WDM of 13xxnm to 17, sensor fibre 18;
Described laser instrument 1 produces light beam, and light beam is divided into two bundles through beam splitter, and a branch of Brillouin surveys light, and another bundle is Brillouin's pump light; Brillouin surveys light and reaches electrooptic modulator to produce frequency displacement be that the Brillouin of 10～11GHz surveys light, described Polarization Controller is arranged on and overcomes the polarization correlated of electrooptic modulator between light beam device and electrooptic modulator, frequency displacement is that the Brillouin of 10～11GHz surveys light for to amplify through the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Brillouin after the amplification surveys light and produces the frequency displacement consistent with acousto-optic modulator to overcome the pumping drain effect through acousto-optic frequency shifters 7, Brillouin after the frequency displacement surveys light and optimizes its power input through the first attenuator again, and the Brillouin after the optimization surveys light and isolates out reflected light through isolator; Brillouin's pump light amplifies through described the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10, Brillouin's pump light after the amplification is modulated through acousto-optic modulator again, described acousto-optic modulator produces the coded pulse string by waveform generator 11 and drives, and the Brillouin's pump light after the modulation reaches Brillouin's pump light that scrambler 13 suppresses polarization correlated and output polarization degree＜5% of gain; Brillouin's pump light that Brillouin after the described optimization surveys light and degree of polarization＜5% is coupled into sensor fibre 18 through wavelength division multiplexer WDM;
Described wavelength is that the single order raman pump light 16 of 13xxnm links to each other to 17 with wavelength division multiplexer WDM, wavelength division multiplexer WDM is fused to described sensor fibre both sides, the single order raman pump light is coupled into sensor fibre by wavelength division multiplexer WDM, single order raman pump light and Brillouin's pump light symport suppress raman pump light to be shifted the relative intensity noise that Brillouin surveys light, described wavelength division multiplexer and sensor fibre consist of the over distance loop laser resonance cavity, the single order raman pump light is the sharp light of penetrating of 14XXnm through this loop laser resonance cavity feedback generation wavelength, the sharp light of penetrating carries out the second order amplification to Brillouin's pump light and detection light, to improve spatial resolution and the precision of transducing signal flatness and long-distance sensing.
Further, described Brillouin surveys light and Brillouin's pumping light wavelength is 15XXnm.
Further, the centre wavelength of used wavelength division multiplexer lays respectively at 1300～1399nm, 1400～1499nm, and 1500～1599nm.
Inject to survey light and Brillouin's pump light to optical fiber, to the microwave generator frequency sweep, draw power-Brillouin shift-apart from three-dimensional plot, through the Lorentz curve match, draw the temperature/Strain Distribution of sensor fibre.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: among the present invention, and compare apart from Brillouin optical time domain analysis system based on the length of Linear-Cavity laser pump (ing), transducing signal is more smooth along the distribution of optical fiber, has significantly improved the omnidistance consistance of sensing quality; Single order pumping and Brillouin survey the light symport, but establishment intensity noise RIN shifts; Be used for length apart from temperature/strain sensing, can significantly improve spatial resolution, measuring accuracy and the sensitivity of monitoring system, possess certain practicality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the length based on the pumping of overlength loop laser provided by the present invention is apart from Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system structural drawing;
Reference numeral is: 1 is laser instrument, 2 is beam splitter, 3 is Polarization Controller, 4 is microwave source, 5 is electrooptic modulator, 6 is the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), 7 is acousto-optic frequency shifters, 8 is the first attenuator, and 9 is isolator, 10 is the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), 11 is waveform generator, 12 is acousto-optic modulator, 13 is scrambler, 14 is the second attenuator, 15 is the first optical circulator, 16 is the 13XXnm pumping, 17 is wavelength division multiplexer WDM, 18 is sensor fibre, 19 is the 3rd Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), 20 is the second optical circulator, 21 is the 15XXnm fiber grating, 22 is the 3rd attenuator, 23 is photodetector, 24 is data collecting card, 25 is computing machine.
Fig. 2 is under the overlength loop laser pumping condition, and the brillouin gain spectrum distributes near the terminal 3m hot spot of sensor fibre.
Fig. 3 is after hereby match is sunk in the Lip river, and near the peak value Brillouin shift the hot spot distributes.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1: Brillouin optical time domain analysis system of the present invention, comprise laser instrument 1, beam splitter 2, Polarization Controller 3, microwave source 4, electrooptic modulator 5, the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 6, acousto-optic frequency shifters 7, the first attenuator 8, isolator 9, the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10, waveform generator 11, acousto-optic modulator 12, scrambler 13, the second attenuator 14 and the first optical circulator 15, it is characterized in that, comprise that also wavelength is the single order raman pump light 16 of 13xxnm, wavelength division multiplexer WDM is to 17, sensor fibre 18, the 3rd Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 19, the second optical circulator 20,15XXnm fiber grating 21, the 3rd attenuator 22, photodetector 23, data collecting card 24, computing machine 25.
Described laser instrument 1 produces light beam, and light beam is divided into two bundles through beam splitter, and a branch of Brillouin surveys light, and another bundle is Brillouin's pump light; Brillouin surveys light and reaches electrooptic modulator to produce frequency displacement be that the Brillouin of 10～11GHz surveys light, described Polarization Controller is arranged on and overcomes the polarization correlated of electrooptic modulator between light beam device and electrooptic modulator, frequency displacement is that the Brillouin of 10～11GHz surveys light for to amplify through the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Brillouin after the amplification surveys light and produces the frequency displacement consistent with acousto-optic modulator to overcome the pumping drain effect through acousto-optic frequency shifters 7, Brillouin after the frequency displacement surveys light and optimizes its power input through the first attenuator again, and the Brillouin after the optimization surveys light and isolates out reflected light through isolator; Brillouin's pump light amplifies through described the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 10, Brillouin's pump light after the amplification is modulated through acousto-optic modulator again, described acousto-optic modulator produces the coded pulse string by waveform generator 11 and drives, and the Brillouin's pump light after the modulation reaches Brillouin's pump light that scrambler 13 suppresses the polarization correlated of gain and output output polarization degree＜5%; Brillouin's pump light that Brillouin after the described optimization surveys light and degree of polarization＜5% is coupled into sensor fibre 18 through wavelength division multiplexer WDM;
Described wavelength is that the single order raman pump light 16 of 13xxnm links to each other to 17 with wavelength division multiplexer WDM, wavelength division multiplexer WDM is fused to described sensor fibre both sides, the single order raman pump light is coupled into sensor fibre by wavelength division multiplexer WDM, single order raman pump light and Brillouin's pump light symport suppress raman pump light to be shifted the relative intensity noise that Brillouin surveys light, described wavelength division multiplexer and sensor fibre consist of the over distance loop laser resonance cavity, the single order raman pump light is consistent with Brillouin's pump light through this loop laser resonance cavity feedback generation direction, wavelength is the sharp light of penetrating of 14XXnm, the sharp light of penetrating carries out the second order amplification to Brillouin's pump light and detection light, to improve spatial resolution and the precision of transducing signal flatness and long-distance sensing.
Described the 3rd Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 19 links to each other with the first smooth shape device 15, is used for that Brillouin is surveyed light and puts in advance; Described the second optical circulator 20 links to each other with fiber grating 21, is used for the filtering amplified spont-aneous emission, remaining swash penetrates pumping, the rayleigh scattering noise of Brillouin's pumping, and flashlight upper side band improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); Described the 3rd attenuator 22 links to each other with the second optical circulator 20, is used for the power that carries out photodetector 23 is optimized, and avoids photodetector saturated; Described data collecting card 24 photodetectors 23 link to each other, and are used for data acquisition; Described computing machine 25 links to each other with data collecting card 24, is used for finishing connecing sink the hereby match and to the control of described waveform generator 11, microwave source 4 of code, brillouin gain spectrum Lip river.Inject to survey light and Brillouin's pump light to sensor fibre, to the microwave generator frequency sweep, draw power-Brillouin shift-apart from three-dimensional plot, through the Lorentz curve match, draw the temperature/Strain Distribution of sensor fibre.
Fig. 2 is under the overlength loop laser pumping condition, and the brillouin gain spectrum distributes near the terminal 3m hot spot of sensor fibre.Among this figure, the sensor fibre overall length is 94.2km, and the single order raman pumping wavelength is 1366nm, and by the pumping of overlength loop laser, the second order Raman pump excitation wavelength of generation is 1461nm.
As seen from the figure, show obvious Brillouin shift near the hot spot.As seen, use overlength loop laser pump technology, effectively overcome the pumping-detection relative intensity noise and shifted, significantly dwindled the low signal-to-noise ratio scope, can realize more growing the high-quality sensing of distance.
Fig. 3 is after hereby match is sunk in the Lip river, and near the peak value Brillouin shift the hot spot distributes.As seen from the figure, the Brillouin shift change amount of hot spot is 40MHz, and is consistent with 40 ℃ of temperature variation; Analyze hot spot peak value Brillouin shift along the half value overall with of space distribution as can be known: this system can reach the 3m spatial resolution.
Claims (3)
1. Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system based on the pumping of overlength loop laser, comprise laser instrument (1), beam splitter (2), Polarization Controller (3), microwave source (4), electrooptic modulator (5), the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (6), acousto-optic frequency shifters (7), the first attenuator (8), isolator (9), the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (10), waveform generator (11), acousto-optic modulator (12), scrambler (13), the second attenuator (14) and the first optical circulator (15), it is characterized in that, comprise that also wavelength is the single order raman pump light (16) of 13xxnm, wavelength division multiplexer WDM is to (17), sensor fibre (18);
Described laser instrument 1 produces light beam, and light beam is divided into two bundles through beam splitter, and a branch of Brillouin surveys light, and another bundle is Brillouin's pump light; Brillouin surveys light and reaches electrooptic modulator to produce frequency displacement be that the Brillouin of 10～11GHz surveys light, described Polarization Controller is arranged on and overcomes the polarization correlated of electrooptic modulator between light beam device and electrooptic modulator, frequency displacement is that the Brillouin of 10～11GHz surveys light for to amplify through the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Brillouin after the amplification surveys light and produces the frequency displacement consistent with acousto-optic modulator to overcome the pumping drain effect through acousto-optic frequency shifters (7), Brillouin after the frequency displacement surveys light and optimizes its power input through the first attenuator again, and the Brillouin after the optimization surveys light and isolates out reflected light through isolator; Brillouin's pump light amplifies through described the second Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (10), Brillouin's pump light after the amplification is modulated through acousto-optic modulator again, described acousto-optic modulator produces the coded pulse string by waveform generator (11) and drives, and the Brillouin's pump light after the modulation reaches Brillouin's pump light that scrambler (13) suppresses polarization correlated and output polarization degree＜5% of gain; Brillouin's pump light that Brillouin after the described optimization surveys light and degree of polarization＜5% is coupled into sensor fibre (18) through wavelength division multiplexer WDM;
Described wavelength is that the single order raman pump light (16) of 13xxnm links to each other to (17) with wavelength division multiplexer WDM, wavelength division multiplexer WDM is fused to described sensor fibre both sides, the single order raman pump light is coupled into sensor fibre by wavelength division multiplexer WDM, single order raman pump light and Brillouin's pump light symport shift the relative intensity noise that Brillouin surveys light to suppress raman pump light, described wavelength division multiplexer and sensor fibre consist of the over distance loop laser resonance cavity, the single order raman pump light is the sharp light of penetrating of 14XXnm through this loop laser resonance cavity feedback generation wavelength, the sharp light of penetrating carries out the second order amplification to Brillouin's pump light and detection light, to improve spatial resolution and the precision of transducing signal flatness and long-distance sensing.
2. described Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system based on the pumping of overlength loop laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that described Brillouin surveys light and Brillouin's pumping light wavelength is 15XXnm.
3. described Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor-based system based on the pumping of overlength loop laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that the centre wavelength of described wavelength division multiplexer is 1300～1399nm, 1400～1499nm, and 1500～1599nm.
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| CN112345060A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-02-09 | 上海波汇科技有限公司 | DAS system based on far pump amplifier |
| CN112345060B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-10-11 | 上海波汇科技有限公司 | DAS system based on far pump amplifier |
| CN113340458A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-03 | 戎微(北京)技术有限公司 | Intelligent safety early warning system based on new generation distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
| CN114812631A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-29 | 上海波汇科技有限公司 | Self-calibration method of frequency offset time domain Brillouin optical time domain analysis distributed optical fiber sensing system |
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