CN103356311A - Tlif用人工椎间盘及其插入组件 - Google Patents

Tlif用人工椎间盘及其插入组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103356311A
CN103356311A CN2012101851238A CN201210185123A CN103356311A CN 103356311 A CN103356311 A CN 103356311A CN 2012101851238 A CN2012101851238 A CN 2012101851238A CN 201210185123 A CN201210185123 A CN 201210185123A CN 103356311 A CN103356311 A CN 103356311A
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China
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main body
forms
hole
intervertebral disk
artificial intervertebral
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CN103356311B (zh
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柳昌和
朴富奎
姜润星
尹淍
金东敏
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BM Korea CO Ltd
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BM Korea CO Ltd
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及人工椎间盘插入组件，包括：人工椎间盘，包括：主体，具有一定厚度而适合插入椎间，一侧部形成沿侧向切开的切开槽，以及接合装置，夹入所述贯通孔，成为所述主体进行旋转运动的轴，侧面形成接合孔；第一插入工具，形成具有既定长度并在一端形成可插入所述接合孔的阶梯棱式接合凸起的接合杆，并且在另一端形成手柄；第二插入工具，形成支持杆，其具有既定长度并形成所述第一插入工具的所述接合杆贯通的中空孔，另一端形成手柄。利用该组件施行手术，即使不使用其它辅助器具，也可以帮助人工椎间盘轻而易举地装配于脊柱间的固定位置。

Description

TLIF用人工椎间盘及其插入组件
技术领域
本发明涉及人工椎间盘及其和人工椎间盘插入组件，具体是，为脊椎疾病患者施行脊柱柱体融合手术时使用的人工椎间盘和易于插入该人工椎间盘的手术工具。
背景技术
人体椎间盘在除颈椎中一部分之外的各脊椎骨之间，吸收人体负荷和冲击，如弹簧般发挥缓冲作用而分散冲击。椎间盘会抓住脊椎骨，防止脊柱骨脱离，分离两个脊椎骨，使脊椎关节孔范围更加圆滑而防止压缩脊椎神经，使各脊椎骨活动具有灵活性。
如上所述，人体椎间盘是由纤维环和髓核结构组成，纤维环用于调节脊椎块的活动，内部髓核主要由70％～80％的水分形成，对于纵向施加的负荷和冲击，起到缓冲或者传递作用，而患上椎间盘退行性疾病，则纤维环的活动或承载髓核的能力减弱，水分含量减少。而且这些综合因素会导致椎管狭窄、骨赘、椎间盘突出症和压迫神经根等疾病。
所述椎间盘导致的并发症是，可以利用先摘除受损的人体脊椎间椎间盘之后，用人工椎间盘，即所谓椎体间融合器(Cage)取代两个邻接的脊椎主体之间空间的方法进行治疗。就是说，植入人工椎间盘，尽量做出自然状态，使脊椎间椎间盘的原来高度即两个邻接的脊椎主体之间距离得到恢复而使脊椎功能得以恢复。
所述人工椎间盘厚度适当，具有适合人体形状(anatomic type)，可以帮助脊椎之间椎间盘恢复原来的高度，并形成有孔而有利于日后骨头的生长，并具有装配装置而便于在插入工具上装配。
将所述人工椎间盘插入脊椎之间的手术方法之一就是TLIF(Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion)，TLIF是脊椎椎体融合术之一，利用从后方入路，在脊椎椎体之间插入人工椎间盘的方法。就是沿着脊柱肌肉两旁稍微切开，暴露最少量，以固定螺丝钉，然后将脊椎关节部位沿神经孔凸出的方向清除的同时插入人工椎间盘。利用TLIF可以减少手术时间，出血量也少而成为目前主要使用的手术手段。
所述方法是为切开得最少和人体内干扰的最小化，一般如图7，手术时，首先是椎体间融合器的一侧面(S1)通过人体的后面(背侧)插入，置于脊柱之间，然后使椎体间融合器的前面(F)置于脊柱间的前面(人体腹部侧)而完成椎体间融合器的插入。
就是说，插入的椎体间融合器的前面(F)面向脊椎间前面，需要一种辅助器具即嵌入器(Impactor)，利用嵌入器向椎体间融合器的另一侧面(S2)施加压力，使嵌入器旋转就位，但这种方法会加大手术的难度，或者只能受手术人员的左右摆布。
大韩民国公开专利第10-2008-0113029号等，提出了一种可以更加简单地配置所述椎体间融合器的方法。该在先技术是为在脊椎间相对应地插入弯形椎体间融合器，具备与其同样具有弯形的抹刀形(spatula type)连接部，使软管(Tube)弯曲成既定角度。其目的在于，将椎体间融合器从后面(背侧)插入，并使椎体间融合器置于脊椎间前面(腹部侧)，这也是TLIF手术所要达到的目标。
但这种结构须以弯曲形态插入，加大切开的幅度，从形态上也难以插入。
而且为椎体间融合器配置于脊椎间的前面，软管可以弯曲一定程度，但其幅度不大，且椎体间融合器也难以完全准确地朝向前面配置。
最终往往由手术人员凭借自己的经验决定，而且插入椎体间融合器之后，还需在辅助器具即嵌入器(Impactor)的帮助下，才能准确设置。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明是为解决所述传统技术上存在的问题而创造，其目的在于提供一种由人工椎间盘和其插入工具组成的组件，利用该组件，可以将人工椎间盘，轻而易举地装配在脊椎间的固定位置。
技术方案
本发明涉及人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，包括：
人工椎间盘，人工椎间盘包括：主体，具有一定厚度而适合插入脊椎间，一侧部形成沿侧向切开的切开槽，所述切开槽形成的侧部沿上下厚度方向形成贯通孔，以及
接合装置，夹入所述贯通孔，成为所述主体进行旋转运动的轴，侧面形成接合孔，以所述主体的所述切开槽为准未切开的所述主体侧的一部形成可在导槽上挂住的引导凸起；
第一插入工具，形成具有既定长度并在一端形成可插入所述接合孔的阶梯棱式接合凸起的接合杆，并且在另一端形成手柄；
第二插入工具，形成支持杆，其具有既定长度并形成所述第一插入工具的所述接合杆贯通的中空孔，并且由一端夹入所述切开槽并形状与所述接合装置的外形相对应的圆形插入端以及与所述插入端形成阶梯棱部而形状与所述主体的切开槽侧的外形相对应的圆形支持端构成，另一端形成手柄。。
具体的特征在于，所述支持杆的支持端与所述主体的切开槽侧外形相对应地形成圆形形状，使所述主体的旋转运动以沿所述主体的外周面形成的所述切开槽的两端为最大旋转半径，所述切开槽以所述接合杆的纵向为准，一侧切开长度比另一侧切开长度长；
更具体的特征在于，所述切开槽的所述一侧切开长度将所述主体的旋转运动限制在90°以内。
其具体的特征在于，以所述接合装置为准旋转运动的所述主体的旋转运动受限于与所述导槽相对应的所述接合装置的引导凸起；
更具体的特征在于，所述导槽的长度适宜将所述主体的旋转运动限制在90°以内。
所述人工椎间盘还包括：
第一夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的一侧，直径大于所述贯通孔，并夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，具有夹入在所述接合装置上形成的轴孔的轴棒；
第二夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的另一侧，直径大于所述贯通孔，夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，形成有夹入所述第一夹具的所述轴棒的轴棒结合孔。
又另一特征在于，所述第一插入工具的所述接合凸起和所述接合装置的所述接合孔通过螺丝结合而被螺丝结合收紧时，所述接合装置与所述第二插入工具的所述插入端和所述支持端贴紧结合，所述主体与所述支持端贴紧结合，在没有一定大小以上的外力作用的前提下，所述主体不会旋转。
本发明涉及人工椎间盘包括：
主体，具有一定厚度而便于插入椎间，一侧部形成沿侧向切开的切开槽，在形成所述切开槽的侧部沿上下厚度方向形成贯通孔；
接合装置，夹入所述贯通孔而成为所述主体的旋转运动轴，侧面形成接合孔而与人工椎间盘插入工具接合，并且形成可挂接于在以所述主体的所述切开槽为准未切开的所述主体侧的一部形成的导槽的引导凸起。
具体的特征在于，所述切开槽以所述主体的纵向为准，一侧的切开长度比另一侧切开长度长。
另一具体的特征在于，以所述接合装置为准进行旋转运动的所述主体的旋转运动是受限于与所述导槽对应的所述接合装置的引导凸起。
更具体的特征在于，所述导槽的长度适宜将所述主体的旋转运动限制在90°以内。
又另一特征在于，所述椎间盘还包括：
第一夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的一侧，且直径大于所述贯通孔而夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，具有夹入所述接合装置上形成的轴孔的轴棒；
第二夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的另一侧，且直径大于所述贯通孔而夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，并形成有夹入所述第一夹具的轴棒的轴棒结合孔。
有益效果
根据本发明，人工椎间盘插入椎间空间之后形成90°旋转而不需辅助器具的帮助，也可以轻而易举地插入固定位置而既提高手术的有效性，又能节省成本。
采用双重控制手段限制人工椎间盘不能超过90°以上旋转而更加易于施行手术。
而且插入时避免人工椎间盘脱离插入工具或者角度弯曲，以防止施行手术时有可能发生的事故，并随着螺丝的结合松开，易于旋转而便于装配，需要固定则重新拧紧螺丝即可。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的人工椎间盘插入组件的剖视图。
图2是本发明实施例的人工椎间盘插入组件的分解剖视图。
图3是对本发明实施例的人工椎间盘插入组件的一部分实施放大的示意图。
图4至图6是本发明实施例的人工椎间盘插入组件的运行状态图示。
图7是传统的椎体间融合器示意图。
图中符号说明
10：人工椎间盘插入组件
100：人工椎间盘
110：主体
111：切开槽
112：贯通孔
113：导槽
120：接合装置
121：引导凸起
122：接合孔
123：轴孔
130：第一夹具
140：第二夹具
200：第一插入工具
210：接合杆211：接合凸起
300：第二插入工具
310：支持杆311：支持端312：插入端
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明优选实施例详细进行描述。已公知的技术部分则尽量以省略或者概括说明的方法简短地进行说明。
图1是本发明实施例涉及的人工椎间盘插入组件的剖视图，图2是本发明实施例涉及的人工椎间盘插入组件的分解剖视图，图3是对本发明实施例的人工椎间盘插入组件的一部分实施放大的示意图。
图1至图3中，本发明一实施例的人工椎间盘插入组件(10)由人工椎间盘(100)、第一插入工具(200)和第二插入工具(300)组成。
人工椎间盘(100)是一种修补物，在TLIF手术中摘除受损椎间盘后插入脊椎间而取代受损椎间盘，第一插入工具(200)与人工椎间盘结合，使人工椎间盘(100)从人体的后面插进脊椎间的前面(腹部侧)，并以夹入第二插入工具(300)的形态，与第二插入工具(300)一并被插入，在结束插入后与第二插入工具(300)一并从人体清除。
人工椎间盘(100)由主体(110)、接合装置(120)、第一夹具(130)以及第二夹具(140)组成。
主体(110)具有一定厚度而适合插入椎间，即其厚度接近未受损伤的椎间盘的厚度，并具有解剖学的圆形形状而适合插入脊椎间。就是说，在插入后靠近腹部侧的侧部凸出，靠近背侧的侧部则具有凹状，总体形成圆曲线形状。而且根据实现的方法，其形状和大小虽然有所差异，但其内侧都形成有孔而有利于骨头的生长。
本发明涉及人工椎间盘(100)在其一侧部，即与插入工具结合一侧形成沿其侧向(S2)切开的切开槽(111)。下述的第二插入工具(300)支持杆(310)的插入端(312)夹入该切开槽(111)，支持杆(310)的支持端(312)与主体(110)的插入工具侧的外形相对应地以圆形形成，使主体(110)以支持杆(310)为准，在切开槽(111)的切开范围内决定其旋转半径。
再次说明，就是切开槽(111)是以插入工具的纵向为准，一侧的切开长度比另一侧的切开长度长，即第一切开端(111a)比第二切开(111b)切开得更长。
与插入工具结合时，该第二切开端(111b)与第二插入工具(300)的插入端(312)的一侧相接而结合，以固定状态插入人体，故主体(110)是因第二切开端(111b)和插入端(312)的一侧贴紧结合而在不摆脱第二切开端(111b)的范围内旋转。而且尽管在下面会有叙述，插入后，随着主体(110)的旋转，主体(110)的凸起侧会面向人体的腹部方向(F)，此时第一切开端(111a)与插入端(311)的另一侧相接而限制最大旋转半径，使旋转范围不能脱离第一切开端(111a)。
主体(110)的形成切开槽(111)的插入工具侧沿上下厚度方向形成贯通孔(112)，贯通孔(112)有作为主体(110)旋转运动的轴的接合装置(120)夹进而与其结合，沿切开槽(111)切开方向(F)的反方向，在主体(110)侧形成导槽(113)，由接合装置(120)上凸出形成的引导凸起位于该导槽(113)的范围内。
接合装置(120)形成将下述的第一插入工具(200)的接合凸起(211)和形成螺丝结合的接合孔(122)，并形成圆桶形状而便于夹入主体(110)的贯通孔(112)，接合装置(120)上形成的引导凸起(121)位于主体(110)的导槽(113)内而主体(110)以固定的接合装置(120)为准做旋转运动，而且其旋半径不脱离导槽(113)的范围而受限于引导凸起(121)。圆桶状接合装置(131)上形成轴孔(123)而夹进下述的第一夹具(130)上形成的轴棒(131)。
第一夹具(130)和第二夹具(140)盖住贯通孔(112)的两侧，且直径大于贯通孔(112)而沿贯通孔(112)的周边夹入主体(110)上形成的阶梯棱部(114)而被挂住，第一夹具(130)形成轴棒(131)而夹入接合装置(120)的轴孔(123)，并依次夹入第二夹具(140)的轴棒结合孔(141)而形成。
第一夹具(130)和第二夹具(140)之间还构成一个固定片(132，142)，与主体的槽结合而固定住第一夹具(130)和第二夹具(140)与主体成为一体旋转。
按照如上所述结构，主体(110)及与此结合的第一夹具(130)和第二夹具(140)是，以与插入工具结合的接合装置(120)为中心轴进行旋转运动。
而且为将所述人工椎间盘(100)插入脊椎间，并设置在固定位置而形成第一夹具(200)和第二夹具(300)结构，第一夹具(200)由具有既定长度的棒状接合杆(210)和操作及旋转用手柄(220)组成。
接合杆(210)的一端形成阶梯棱式凸起形态的接合凸起(211)，该接合凸起(211)与前述的接合装置(120)的接合孔(122)通过螺丝结合而形成。
第二夹具(300)是由具有既定长度的棒状支持杆(310)和操作用手柄(320)组成，支持杆(310)形成中空孔，接合杆(210)可由该中空孔(210)出入。
支持杆(310)的一端形成支持端和沿支持端(311)形成阶梯棱式插入端(312)，支持端(311)是以圆形形成与主体(110)的切开槽(111)侧方向(S2)的主体(110)外周形状相对应的形状，插入端(312)夹入切开槽(110)以圆形形成与夹入贯通孔(112)的圆桶状接合装置(120)的外周形状相对应的形状而使人工椎间盘(100)自然而然地旋转。
下面结合图4至图6，对本发明涉及的人工椎间盘插入组件的运行状态进行说明。
图4是第一插入工具(200)的接合杆(210)夹入第二插入工具(300)的支持杆(310)的状态，是接合杆(210)的接合凸起(211)与接合装置(120)的接合孔(122)通过螺丝结合的状态。
如图所示，支持杆(310)的插入端(311)与切开槽(111)的第二切开端(111b)相接而防止主体(110)向脱离第二切开端(111b)的范围的方向即F方向旋转，而且在此状态下，从人体的后面向脊椎间实施插入。
接合装置(120)和第一插入工具(200)通过螺丝结合而使接合装置(120)在贯通孔(112)的范围内最大限度地向第一插入工具(200)侧贴紧而实现结合。接合装置(120)最大限度地贴紧第二插入工具(300)的插入端(312)和支持端(311)而只要没有过大的外力作用，主体(100)就不会流动，进而在保持稳定状态的同时实现向人体的插入。
如此插入后，如图5所示，利用第一插入工具(200)的手柄(220)稍微松开螺丝结合，则人工椎间盘(100)会成为可旋转的状态而使人工椎间盘(100)旋转，使主体(111)凸出的侧部面向人体的前面(F)而插入稳定的位置。就是以螺丝结合不完全松开的状态下实现人工椎间盘(100)的旋转。
如上所述，人工椎间盘(100)成功插入固定位置之后，如图6所示，将第一插入工具(200)的螺丝结合完全地松开，解除与接合装置(120)的结合，将第一插入工具(200)和第二插入工具(300)一起拔除而完成人工椎间盘的插入。
如上所述，人工椎间盘(100)的旋转半径可以通过引导凸起(121)和导槽(113)得以控制，也可以通过切开槽(111)和第二插入工具(300)的插入端(312)得以控制，因此可以根据相关设计，适当地实现旋转半径，而本实施例是以90°旋转为例，但根据实施例可以限制在更小的范围内。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所述的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例所述技术方案的范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，包括：
人工椎间盘，人工椎间盘包括：主体，具有一定厚度而适合插入椎间，一侧部形成沿侧向切开的切开槽，所述切开槽形成的侧部沿上下厚度方向形成贯通孔，以及
接合装置，夹入所述贯通孔，成为所述主体进行旋转运动的轴，侧面形成接合孔，以所述主体的所述切开槽为准未切开的所述主体侧的一部形成可被导槽挂住的引导凸起；
第一插入工具，形成具有既定长度并在一端形成可插入所述接合孔的阶梯棱式接合凸起的接合杆，并且在另一端形成手柄；
第二插入工具，形成支持杆，其具有既定长度并形成所述第一插入工具的所述接合杆贯通的中空孔，并且由一端夹入所述切开槽并形状与所述接合装置的外形相对应的圆形插入端以及与所述插入端形成阶梯棱部而形状与所述主体的切开槽侧的外形相对应的圆形支持端构成，另一端形成手柄。
2.根据权利要求1所述的人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，
所述支持杆的支持端与所述主体的切开槽侧外形相对应地形成圆形形状，使所述主体的旋转运动以沿所述主体的外周面形成的所述切开槽的两端为最大旋转半径，所述切开槽以所述接合杆的纵向为准，一侧切开长度比另一侧切开长度长。
3.根据权利要求2所述的人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，
所述切开槽的所述一侧切开长度将所述主体的旋转运动限制在90°以内。
4.根据权利要求1所述的人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，
以所述接合装置为准进行旋转运动的所述主体的旋转运动受限于与所述导槽相对应的所述接合装置的引导凸起。
5.根据权利要求4所述的人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，
所述导槽的长度将所述主体的旋转运动限制在90°以内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，
所述人工椎间盘还包括：
第一夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的一侧，直径大于所述贯通孔，并夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，具有夹入在所述接合装置上形成的轴孔的轴棒；
第二夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的另一侧，直径大于所述贯通孔，夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，形成有夹入所述第一夹具的所述轴棒的轴棒结合孔。
7.根据权利要求1所述的人工椎间盘插入组件，其特征在于，
所述第一插入工具的所述接合凸起和所述接合装置的所述接合孔通过螺丝结合而被螺丝结合收紧时，所述接合装置与所述第二插入工具的所述插入端和所述支持端贴紧结合，所述主体与所述支持端贴紧结合，在没有一定大小以上的外力作用的前提下，所述主体不会旋转。
8.一种人工椎间盘，包括：
主体，具有一定厚度而便于插入脊椎间，一侧部形成沿侧向切开的切开槽，在形成所述切开槽的侧部沿上下厚度方向形成贯通孔；
接合装置，夹入所述贯通孔而成为所述主体的旋转运动轴，侧面形成接合孔而与人工椎间盘插入工具接合，并且形成可挂接于在以所述主体的所述切开槽为准未切开的所述主体侧的一部形成的导槽的引导凸起。
9.根据权利要求8所述的人工椎间盘，其特征在于，
所述切开槽以所述主体的纵向为准，一侧的切开长度比另一侧切开长度长。
10.根据权利要求8所述的人工椎间盘，其特征在于，
以所述接合装置为准进行旋转运动的所述主体的旋转运动是受限于与所述导槽对应的所述接合装置的引导凸起。
11.根据权利要求10所述的人工椎间盘，其特征在于，
所述导槽的长度适宜将所述主体的旋转运动限制在90°以内。
12.根据权利要求8所述的人工椎间盘，其特征在于，
所述的椎间盘还包括：
第一夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的一侧，且直径大于所述贯通孔而夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，具有夹入所述接合装置上形成的轴孔的轴棒；
第二夹具，盖住所述贯通孔的另一侧，且直径大于所述贯通孔而夹入所述主体上形成的阶梯棱部，并形成有夹入所述第一夹具的所述轴棒的轴棒结合孔。
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